Pinus squamata X. W. Li, a recently-described species of the Pinaceae, is an extremely endangered pine with only 32 individuals in the wild. This species was thought to be intermediate between P. bungeana Zuec. ex End...Pinus squamata X. W. Li, a recently-described species of the Pinaceae, is an extremely endangered pine with only 32 individuals in the wild. This species was thought to be intermediate between P. bungeana Zuec. ex Endl. of subgen. Strobus and P. yunnanensis Franch. of subgen. Pinus by the original author. We made an effort to address the question of the phylogenetic relationship of this peculiar and important species in the context of the major groups of the genus Pinus by using sequences of the rbcL, matK,genes, rpl20-rps18 spacer, trnV intron of the chloroplast genome and the nuclear ribosomal ITS region. The results of the separated analysis and the combined analysis of the four cpDNA sequences and ITS sequence indicated that P. squamata was a stable member of subsect. Gerardianae and P. gerardiana Wall. was the closest species of P. squamata phylogenetically. As a result, the causes of the distribution pattern of subsect. Gerardianae were also discussed.展开更多
AIM To analyze sequences of the nuclear ribosomal RNA small subunit (18S rRNA) gene and the chloroplast mat K gene of crude drug Patchouli ( Pogostemon cablin ) in order to provide molecular evidence for identificatio...AIM To analyze sequences of the nuclear ribosomal RNA small subunit (18S rRNA) gene and the chloroplast mat K gene of crude drug Patchouli ( Pogostemon cablin ) in order to provide molecular evidence for identification of Patchouli drug. METHODS To sequence the entire 18S rRNA gene and partial mat K gene of Patchouli from Guangzhou and its substitute Wrinkled Gianthyssop ( Agastache rugosa ) from S ichuan using PCR direct sequencing and to detect the homology of two gene sequen ces between these two crude drugs. RESULTS The complete 18S rRNA gene sequence is 1 805 bp in length for Patchouli from Guangzhou whereas 1 794 bp for Wrinkled Gianthyssop from Sichuan. The 3′ end sequence of mat K gene is 521 bp (747～ 1 268 nt from upstream of ma t K gene) for these two crude drugs. Based on multiple sequence alignment, it i s found that there are 18 variable sites and 11 aligned gap sites in 18S rRNA se quence, 49 variable sites in 3′ mat K sequence between these two crude drug s. The homology is 98 4% for 18S rRNA and 90 6% for 3′ mat K between two crude drugs, respectively. CONCLUSION DNA sequencing can provide an accurate and reliable tool in the crude drug ident ification of Patchouli and its substitute Wrinkled Gianthyssop.展开更多
文摘Pinus squamata X. W. Li, a recently-described species of the Pinaceae, is an extremely endangered pine with only 32 individuals in the wild. This species was thought to be intermediate between P. bungeana Zuec. ex Endl. of subgen. Strobus and P. yunnanensis Franch. of subgen. Pinus by the original author. We made an effort to address the question of the phylogenetic relationship of this peculiar and important species in the context of the major groups of the genus Pinus by using sequences of the rbcL, matK,genes, rpl20-rps18 spacer, trnV intron of the chloroplast genome and the nuclear ribosomal ITS region. The results of the separated analysis and the combined analysis of the four cpDNA sequences and ITS sequence indicated that P. squamata was a stable member of subsect. Gerardianae and P. gerardiana Wall. was the closest species of P. squamata phylogenetically. As a result, the causes of the distribution pattern of subsect. Gerardianae were also discussed.
文摘AIM To analyze sequences of the nuclear ribosomal RNA small subunit (18S rRNA) gene and the chloroplast mat K gene of crude drug Patchouli ( Pogostemon cablin ) in order to provide molecular evidence for identification of Patchouli drug. METHODS To sequence the entire 18S rRNA gene and partial mat K gene of Patchouli from Guangzhou and its substitute Wrinkled Gianthyssop ( Agastache rugosa ) from S ichuan using PCR direct sequencing and to detect the homology of two gene sequen ces between these two crude drugs. RESULTS The complete 18S rRNA gene sequence is 1 805 bp in length for Patchouli from Guangzhou whereas 1 794 bp for Wrinkled Gianthyssop from Sichuan. The 3′ end sequence of mat K gene is 521 bp (747～ 1 268 nt from upstream of ma t K gene) for these two crude drugs. Based on multiple sequence alignment, it i s found that there are 18 variable sites and 11 aligned gap sites in 18S rRNA se quence, 49 variable sites in 3′ mat K sequence between these two crude drug s. The homology is 98 4% for 18S rRNA and 90 6% for 3′ mat K between two crude drugs, respectively. CONCLUSION DNA sequencing can provide an accurate and reliable tool in the crude drug ident ification of Patchouli and its substitute Wrinkled Gianthyssop.
