We propose that the core mass function(CMF)can be driven by filament fragmentation.To model a star-forming system of filaments and fibers,we develop a fractal and turbulent tree with a fractal dimension of 2 and a Lar...We propose that the core mass function(CMF)can be driven by filament fragmentation.To model a star-forming system of filaments and fibers,we develop a fractal and turbulent tree with a fractal dimension of 2 and a Larson's law exponent(β)of 0.5.The fragmentation driven by convergent flows along the splines of the fractal tree yields a Kroupa-IMF-like CMF that can be divided into three power-law segments with exponentsα=-0.5,-1.5,and-2,respectively.The turnover masses of the derived CMF are approximately four times those of the Kroupa IMF,corresponding to a star formation efficiency of 0.25.Adoptingβ=1/3,which leads to fractional Brownian motion along the filament,may explain a steeper CMF at the high-mass end,withα=-3.33 close to that of the Salpeter IMF.We suggest that the fibers of the tree are basic building blocks of star formation,with similar properties across different clouds,establishing a common density threshold for star formation and leading to a universal CMF.展开更多
The emerging massive binary system associated with AFGL 961 signifies the latest generation of massive star and cluster formation in the Rosette Molecular Complex. We present the detection of a compact cluster of dust...The emerging massive binary system associated with AFGL 961 signifies the latest generation of massive star and cluster formation in the Rosette Molecular Complex. We present the detection of a compact cluster of dusty cores toward the AFGL 961 region based on continuum imaging at 1.3 mm by the Submillimeter Array. The binary components of AFGL 961 are associated with the most intensive millime- ter emission cores or envelopes, confirming that they are indeed in an early stage of evolution. The other massive cores, however, are found to congregate in the close vicinity of the central high-mass protostellar binary. They have no apparent infrared counterparts and are, in particular, well aligned transverse to the bipolar molecular outflows originating from AFGL 961. This provides evidence for a likely triggered origin of the massive cores. All 40 individual cores with masses ranging between 0.6 and 15 Mo were detected above a 3 σ level of 3.6 mJy beam-1 （or 0.4 M⊙）, based on which we derive a total core mass of 107 M⊙ in the AFGL 961 region. As compared to the stellar initial mass function, a shallow slope of 1.8 is, however, derived from the best fit to the mass spectrum of the millimeter cores with a prestellar and/or protostel- lar origin. The flatter core mass distribution in the AFGL 961 region is attributed here to dynamic perturbations from the massive molecular outflows that originated from the massive protostellar binary, which may have altered the otherwise more quiescent conditions of core or star formation, enhanced the formation of more massive cores and, as a result, influenced the core mass distribution in its close vicinity.展开更多
In this paper,a multiscale model is developed for the mass functionally graded(FG)beam-fluid system to investigate its static and dynamic responses based on 3D printed porous beam free vibration tests,which are determ...In this paper,a multiscale model is developed for the mass functionally graded(FG)beam-fluid system to investigate its static and dynamic responses based on 3D printed porous beam free vibration tests,which are determined by two aspects.At the microstructural level,the gradient variation is realized by arbitrary distribution of matrix pores,and the effective moduli under specific distribution are obtained using the micromechanics homogenization theory.In the meantime,at the structural level,the mechanical responses of FG porous beams subjected to mass loading are considered in a static fluid environment.Then,the explicit expressions of local finite-element(FE)expressions corresponding to the static and dynamic responses are given in the appendices.The present results are validated against numerical and experimental results from the literature and mechanical tests of 3D printed structures,with good agreement generally obtained,giving credence to the present model.On this basis,a comprehensive parametric study is carried out,with a particular focus on the effects of boundary conditions,fluid density,and slenderness ratio on the bending and vibration of FG beams with several different gradations.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate and compare the clinical usefulness of 13C-phenylalanine and 13C-methacetin breath tests in quantitating functional hepatic mass in patients with chronic liver disease and to further compare these res...AIM: To evaluate and compare the clinical usefulness of 13C-phenylalanine and 13C-methacetin breath tests in quantitating functional hepatic mass in patients with chronic liver disease and to further compare these results with those of conventional tests, Child-Pugh score and serum bile acid levels.METHODS: One hundred and forty patients (50 HCV-related chronic hepatitis, 90 liver cirrhosis patients) and 40 matched healthy controls were studied. Both breath test and routine liver test, serum levels of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid conjugates were evaluated.RESULTS: Methacetin breath test, expressed as 60 min cumulative percent of oxidation, discriminated the hepatic functional capacity not only between controls and liver disease patients, but also between different categories of chronic liver disease patients. Methacetin breath test was correlated with liver function tests and serum bile acids.Furthermore, methacetin breath test, as well as serum bile acids, were highly predictive of Child-Pugh scores. The diagnostic power of phenylalanine breath test was always less than that of methacetin breath test.CONCLUSION: Methacetin breath test represents a safe and accurate diagnostic tool in the evaluation of hepatic functional mass in chronic liver disease patients.展开更多
Objective: To examine gender differences in self-reported pain and function before and after hip replacement surgery and the extent to which overweight, comorbidities and muscular status impact pain and function in ad...Objective: To examine gender differences in self-reported pain and function before and after hip replacement surgery and the extent to which overweight, comorbidities and muscular status impact pain and function in adults with disabling end-stage hip joint osteoarthritis. Setting: Orthopedic Hospital Setting on the East Coast of the United States. Study Design: Cross-sectional retrospective chart review. Methods: The desired demographic, physical and psychological attributes of 1040 adults with end-stage hip osteoarthritis hospitalized for hip surgery were recorded and subjected to comparison and correlational analyses. These data included gender, self-reported weight, height, numbers and nature of physical and psychological comorbidities, pain intensity, ambulatory capacity and discharge destination. Sub-group analyses of 808 candidates hospitalized for primary unilateral surgery were also conducted using SPSS 16. Results: There were significant (p 【0.05) associations between gender, pain scores, comorbidity numbers and ambulatory capacity. Specifically, women who exhibited higher comorbid disease rates than men, exhibited higher pre-surgery pain levels and greater functional limitations in walking ability before and after surgery than men with the same condition. In sub-group analyses of men and women with the same mean age, comorbid prevalence rates, and body mass indices, women were found to have significantly higher ideal weights on average than men, and those with higher ideal weights recovered more slowly after surgery (p 【0.05). Conclusion: The presentation of hip joint osteoarthritis is not uniform, and may be impacted differentially by gender. Women with high ideal body weights, may be specifically impacted. Whether genetic or other factors account for gender differences in pain and function among adults with disabling hip osteoarthritis observation needs to be examined.展开更多
Spontaneous alpha oscillations are a ubiquitous phenomenon in the brain and play a key role in neural information processing and various cognitive functions.Jansen＇s neural mass model（NMM） was initially proposed to...Spontaneous alpha oscillations are a ubiquitous phenomenon in the brain and play a key role in neural information processing and various cognitive functions.Jansen＇s neural mass model（NMM） was initially proposed to study the origin of alpha oscillations.Most of previous studies of the spontaneous alpha oscillations in the NMM were conducted using numerical methods.In this study,we aim to propose an analytical approach using the describing function method to elucidate the spontaneous alpha oscillation mechanism in the NMM.First,the sigmoid nonlinear function in the NMM is approximated by its describing function,allowing us to reformulate the NMM and derive its standard form composed of one nonlinear part and one linear part.Second,by conducting a theoretical analysis,we can assess whether or not the spontaneous alpha oscillation would occur in the NMM and,furthermore,accurately determine its amplitude and frequency.The results reveal analytically that the interaction between linearity and nonlinearity of the NMM plays a key role in generating the spontaneous alpha oscillations.Furthermore,strong nonlinearity and large linear strength are required to generate the spontaneous alpha oscillations.展开更多
A water mass in the sea area under investigation is defined as a fuzzy subset in the discourse universe. Possible forms of membership function of water masses in the mixing modified process are discussed with the mixi...A water mass in the sea area under investigation is defined as a fuzzy subset in the discourse universe. Possible forms of membership function of water masses in the mixing modified process are discussed with the mixing theory for conservative concentration of sea water. It may provide bases for making membership functions. Results in this paper may be extended and applied to shallow water. Examples and discussion are given in this paper.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the body mass index(BMI) change in arthroplasty patients and its impact on the patients' functional results. METHODS: Between October 2010 and May 2013, 606 patients who were operated due to gonar...AIM: To evaluate the body mass index(BMI) change in arthroplasty patients and its impact on the patients' functional results. METHODS: Between October 2010 and May 2013, 606 patients who were operated due to gonarthrosis, coxarthrosis, aseptic loosening of the total knee and hip prosthesis were evaluated prospectively. Patients were operated by three surgeons in three medical centers. Patients who were between 30-90 years of age and who were underwent total knee arthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty, revision knee arthroplasty, or revision hip arthroplasty were included in the study. We excluded the patients who cannot tolerate our standard postoperative rehabilitation program. Additionally, patients who had systemic inflammatory diseases, diabetes mellitus, or endochrinopathies were excluded from the study. The remaining 513 patients comprised our study group. Preoperative functional joint scores, height, weightand BMI of all patients were recorded. We used the Knee Society Score(KSS) for knee and Harris Hip Score(HHS) for hip patients. Postoperative functional scores were measured at 1^(st), 6^(th) and 12^(th) months and recorded separately at outpatient visits. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 64.7(range: 30-90) years(207 males/306 females) and the mean follow-up duration was 14.3(range: 12-26) mo. We found that arthroplasty patients had weight gain and had an increase in BMI at the postoperative 1^(st), 6^(th) and 12^(th) months. The mean BMI of the patients was 27.7 preoperatively, 27.8 at the postoperative 1^(st) month, 28.1 at the 6^(th) month and 28.6 at the 12^(th) month(P < 0.01). At the last visit, the mean postoperative HHS of the hip arthroplasty patients was 82.2 ± 7.12(preoperatively, 52.3; 1st month, 78.2; 6^(th) month, 81.1; 12^(th) month, 82.2), and the mean KSS of the knee arthroplasty patients was 79.3 ± 4.31(preoperatively, 35.8; 1^(st) month, 75.2; 6^(th) month, 79.1; 12^(th) month, 79.3). Worse functional results were noted in the patients who had a BMI increase, however, this correlation was statistically significant only at the postoperative 6^(th) month(P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: To prevent the negative functional effects of this weight gain during the postoperative period, arthroplasty patients should be advised for weight control and risky patients should consult with a dietician.展开更多
This paper has presented results of calculations of optical functions for e||c and e^c polarizations in 0 - 12 eV energy interval, band structure and effective masses of electrons and holes of ternary compound InGaTe2...This paper has presented results of calculations of optical functions for e||c and e^c polarizations in 0 - 12 eV energy interval, band structure and effective masses of electrons and holes of ternary compound InGaTe2. Genesis of valence band was investigated by using group-theoretical analyses. The main features of spectra of optical functions, the parameters of transition and their theoretical nature were found out. Identified interband transitions are responsible for the main peaks in the optical functions. Calculated results are in good agreement with the known experimental data.展开更多
Securing restricted zones such as airports,research facilities,and military bases requires robust and reliable access control mechanisms to prevent unauthorized entry and safeguard critical assets.Face recognition has...Securing restricted zones such as airports,research facilities,and military bases requires robust and reliable access control mechanisms to prevent unauthorized entry and safeguard critical assets.Face recognition has emerged as a key biometric approach for this purpose;however,existing systems are often sensitive to variations in illumination,occlusion,and pose,which degrade their performance in real-world conditions.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel hybrid face recognition method that integrates complementary feature descriptors such as Fuzzy-Gabor 2D Fisher Linear Discriminant(FG-2DFLD),Generalized 2D Linear Discriminant Analysis(G2DLDA),andModular-Local Binary Patterns(Modular-LBP)with Dempster–Shafer(DS)evidence theory for decision fusion.The proposed framework extracts global,structural,and local texture features,models them using Gaussian distributions to estimate belief factors,and fuses these belief factors through DS theory to explicitly handle uncertainty and conflict among descriptors.Experimental validation was performed on two widely used benchmark datasets,ORL and Cropped Yale B,achieving recognition rates exceeding 98%,which outperform traditional methods as well as recent deep learning-based approaches.Furthermore,the method demonstrated strong robustness under noisy conditions,maintaining accuracies above 96%with salt-and-pepper and Gaussian noise.These results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed integration strategy in enhancing accuracy,reliability,and resilience compared to single-descriptor and conventional fusion methods.Given its high performance and efficiency,the proposed method shows strong potential for deployment in real-world restricted-zone applications such as smart parking systems,secure facility access,and other high-security domains.展开更多
The aim of this theoretical investigation is the description of the multicomponent mass transfer process in the Nano- Composites (NC)—novel materials with the bi-functional matrix. The new theoretical NC Model is ass...The aim of this theoretical investigation is the description of the multicomponent mass transfer process in the Nano- Composites (NC)—novel materials with the bi-functional matrix. The new theoretical NC Model is assigned for the modern theoretical investigations of the multicomponent mass transfer kinetics in the bi-functional NC materials. This NC Model for the multicomponent mass transfer in the bi-functional NC matrix includes into the consideration the proposed key conception—two co-existing routes: I—chemical reactions onto the active NC centers-sites, and II—diffusion mass transfer inside the bi-functional NC matrix. All the results are presented in the terms of the additional key concept: propagating multicomponent concentration waves (W+) in the NC matrix. The used W+ concept for the description of the multicomponent NC mass transfer kinetics give the clear interpretation of the computerized results. The mass transfer process in the NC matrix has been described theoretically by computerized simulation. The results of the calculations are new and illustrated by author’s animations showing visually the propagation of the multicomponent concentration waves (W) inside the various NC matrixes: r-beads, cylindrical ro-fibers, or planar L-membranes. Two variants of modeling for mass transfer diffusion kinetics in the bi-functional NC matrixes with one (Variant 1), or two (Variant 2) dissociation-association reactions at the active nano-sites (R0) are considered theoretically.展开更多
目的分析1990—2023年中国归因于高身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)和肾脏功能受损的痛风疾病负担变化趋势,并预测2024—2035年中国归因于高BMI和肾脏功能受损的痛风疾病负担,为痛风防控提供科学依据。方法基于2023年全球疾病负担研...目的分析1990—2023年中国归因于高身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)和肾脏功能受损的痛风疾病负担变化趋势,并预测2024—2035年中国归因于高BMI和肾脏功能受损的痛风疾病负担,为痛风防控提供科学依据。方法基于2023年全球疾病负担研究(Global Burden of Disease,GBD)数据,分性别和年龄组解析高BMI和肾脏功能受损所致痛风的疾病负担特征,运用Joinpoint回归模型分析年龄标化伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALYs)率变化趋势,并通过自回归积分滑动平均(autoregressive integrated moving average,ARIMA)模型预测2024—2035年的疾病负担趋势。结果1990—2023年中国归因于高BMI的年龄标化DALYs率上升(1990年:3.79/10万,95%UI:2.15/10万-6.24/10万;2023年:7.34/10万,95%UI:4.22/10万-11.39/10万)。Joinpoint分析结果示,1990—2023年中国归因于高BMI的痛风年龄标化DALYs率总体呈上升趋势[男性整体平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)=2.12%,95%CI:2.02%-2.22%;女性AAPC=1.92%,95%CI:1.79%-2.04%;均P<0.05],归因于肾脏功能受损的年龄标化DALYs率男性整体缓慢上升,女性整体变化不显著(男性AAPC=0.36%,95%CI:0.27%-0.45%,P<0.05;女性AAPC=0.11%,95%CI:-0.11%-0.33%)。根据ARIMA模型预测结果,归因于高BMI的男性与女性痛风年龄标化DALYs率和归因于肾脏功能受损的女性痛风年龄标化DALYs率在2035年分别预计稳定在10.85/10万、3.48/10万、1.75/10万;而归因于肾脏功能受损的男性痛风年龄标化DALYs率将持续上升至2035年,预测值达到5.98/10万。结论高BMI和肾脏功能受损相关痛风疾病负担在中国持续加重,归因于肾脏功能受损的男性痛风年龄标化DALYs率或将持续上升至2035年,因此亟需完善人群BMI管理策略与肾脏疾病患者的医疗支持,对中年肥胖人群、中老年肾脏疾病患者等特定群体施加重点干预。展开更多
背景:骨骼系统除了作为运动系统的重要组成部分,也是骨髓的重要支撑结构。众所周知,骨髓微环境是维持造血干细胞功能的关键场所,而造血过程本身也可调控骨骼系统的重塑,维持骨量的稳定。骨骼与造血系统间的精密协同效应维持着血液和骨...背景:骨骼系统除了作为运动系统的重要组成部分,也是骨髓的重要支撑结构。众所周知,骨髓微环境是维持造血干细胞功能的关键场所,而造血过程本身也可调控骨骼系统的重塑,维持骨量的稳定。骨骼与造血系统间的精密协同效应维持着血液和骨骼系统的健康,而目前针对这两系统间的相互作用仍缺乏系统的归纳总结。目的:系统梳理骨骼与造血系统间相互作用的研究进展,旨在为这两者间的相互调控作用提供参考,并通过分析既往文献,为贫血、白血病等血液系统相关疾病和骨质疏松、骨关节炎等骨骼系统疾病探寻潜在的治疗靶点。方法:检索中国知网、万方及PubMed数据库在2000年1月至2025年7月与文章主题相关的文献, 以“骨量调控,造血功能,骨髓微环境,骨血轴”及“bone mass regulation,hematopoietic function,bone marrow microenvironment,bone and blood axis”等为检索词,选择著作、研究性论文和综述等文献,最终纳入115篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①系统阐述了骨髓微环境中“骨-血轴”的双向调控网络及其核心机制;②研究结果显示,骨髓微环境作为一个由多种细胞与非细胞成分构成的动态系统,不仅通过Wnt/β-连环蛋白、Notch、核因子κB受体活化因子/核因子κB受体活化因子配体/骨保护素及Hippo-Yes相关蛋白等核心信号通路精密调控造血干细胞的静息、自我更新与分化,同时接受造血系统的反向调控;③这种双向对话同样主导着骨重塑过程,其中免疫细胞(如巨噬细胞与T淋巴细胞)通过分泌特定因子成为连接骨骼系统与造血系统的关键桥梁;④该对话网络的失衡是导致骨质疏松、骨髓纤维化及白血病等跨系统疾病发生的重要病理基础;⑤此文以“骨-血轴”为框架理解骨髓微环境,为揭示血液疾病与骨骼疾病的共发病机制提供了全新视角;靶向该轴心的关键信号节点或利用协同干预策略(如地诺单抗、恩西地平等),有望为未来跨系统疾病的整合性治疗开辟新路径。展开更多
We construct a multiple-population discrete axisymmetric Jeans model for the Andromeda(M31)galaxy,considering three populations of kinematic tracers:48 supergiants and 721 planetary nebulae(PNe)in the bulge and disk r...We construct a multiple-population discrete axisymmetric Jeans model for the Andromeda(M31)galaxy,considering three populations of kinematic tracers:48 supergiants and 721 planetary nebulae(PNe)in the bulge and disk regions,554 globular clusters extending to~30 kpc,and halo stars extending to~150 kpc of the galaxy.The three populations of tracers are organized in the same gravitational potential,while each population is allowed to have its own spatial distribution,rotation,and internal velocity anisotropy.The gravitational potential is a combination of stellar mass and a generalized NFW dark matter halo.We created two sets of models,one with a cusped dark matter halo and one with a cored dark matter halo.Both the cusped and cored model fit kinematics of all the three populations well,but the cored model is not preferred due to a too high concentration compared to that predicted from cosmological simulations.With a cusped dark matter halo,we obtained total stellar mass of 1.0±0.1×10^(11)M_(☉),dark matter halo virial mass of M_(200)=7.0±0.9×10^(11)M_(☉),virial radius of r_(200)=184±4 kpc,and concentration of c=20±4.The mass of M31 we obtained is at the lower side of the allowed ranges in the literature and consistent with the previous results obtained from the HⅠrotation curve and PNe kinematics.Velocity dispersion profile of the outer stellar halo is important in constraining the total mass while it is still largely uncertain.Further proper motion of bright sources from Gaia or the Chinese Space Station Telescope might help on improving the data and lead to stronger constraints on the total mass of M31.展开更多
The mass-luminosity relation is a fundamental law of astrophysics.We have suggested that the currently used mass-luminosity relation is not correct for the M/M⊙>2.7 range of mass since it was created utilizing dou...The mass-luminosity relation is a fundamental law of astrophysics.We have suggested that the currently used mass-luminosity relation is not correct for the M/M⊙>2.7 range of mass since it was created utilizing double-lined eclipsing binaries,where the components are synchronized and consequently change each other's evolutionary path.To exclude this effect,we have started a project to study longperiod massive eclipsing binaries in order to construct radial velocity curves and determine masses for the components.We outline our project and present the selected test sample together with the first HRS/SALT spectral observations and the software package,FITTING BINARY STARS(FBS),that we developed for the analysis of our spectral data.As the first result,we present the radial velocity curves and best-fit orbital elements for the two components of the FP Car binary system from our test sample.展开更多
基金support of the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under grant No.XDB0800303the National Key R&D Program of China under grant No.2022YFA1603100the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.12203086)。
文摘We propose that the core mass function(CMF)can be driven by filament fragmentation.To model a star-forming system of filaments and fibers,we develop a fractal and turbulent tree with a fractal dimension of 2 and a Larson's law exponent(β)of 0.5.The fragmentation driven by convergent flows along the splines of the fractal tree yields a Kroupa-IMF-like CMF that can be divided into three power-law segments with exponentsα=-0.5,-1.5,and-2,respectively.The turnover masses of the derived CMF are approximately four times those of the Kroupa IMF,corresponding to a star formation efficiency of 0.25.Adoptingβ=1/3,which leads to fractional Brownian motion along the filament,may explain a steeper CMF at the high-mass end,withα=-3.33 close to that of the Salpeter IMF.We suggest that the fibers of the tree are basic building blocks of star formation,with similar properties across different clouds,establishing a common density threshold for star formation and leading to a universal CMF.
基金supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11073027 and10503006)especially the Department of International Cooperation of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China through Grant 2010DFA02710
文摘The emerging massive binary system associated with AFGL 961 signifies the latest generation of massive star and cluster formation in the Rosette Molecular Complex. We present the detection of a compact cluster of dusty cores toward the AFGL 961 region based on continuum imaging at 1.3 mm by the Submillimeter Array. The binary components of AFGL 961 are associated with the most intensive millime- ter emission cores or envelopes, confirming that they are indeed in an early stage of evolution. The other massive cores, however, are found to congregate in the close vicinity of the central high-mass protostellar binary. They have no apparent infrared counterparts and are, in particular, well aligned transverse to the bipolar molecular outflows originating from AFGL 961. This provides evidence for a likely triggered origin of the massive cores. All 40 individual cores with masses ranging between 0.6 and 15 Mo were detected above a 3 σ level of 3.6 mJy beam-1 （or 0.4 M⊙）, based on which we derive a total core mass of 107 M⊙ in the AFGL 961 region. As compared to the stellar initial mass function, a shallow slope of 1.8 is, however, derived from the best fit to the mass spectrum of the millimeter cores with a prestellar and/or protostel- lar origin. The flatter core mass distribution in the AFGL 961 region is attributed here to dynamic perturbations from the massive molecular outflows that originated from the massive protostellar binary, which may have altered the otherwise more quiescent conditions of core or star formation, enhanced the formation of more massive cores and, as a result, influenced the core mass distribution in its close vicinity.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0711700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12322206,No.52378158,No.12302205)ZJU-ZCCC Institute of Collaborative Innovation(No.ZDJG2021002).
文摘In this paper,a multiscale model is developed for the mass functionally graded(FG)beam-fluid system to investigate its static and dynamic responses based on 3D printed porous beam free vibration tests,which are determined by two aspects.At the microstructural level,the gradient variation is realized by arbitrary distribution of matrix pores,and the effective moduli under specific distribution are obtained using the micromechanics homogenization theory.In the meantime,at the structural level,the mechanical responses of FG porous beams subjected to mass loading are considered in a static fluid environment.Then,the explicit expressions of local finite-element(FE)expressions corresponding to the static and dynamic responses are given in the appendices.The present results are validated against numerical and experimental results from the literature and mechanical tests of 3D printed structures,with good agreement generally obtained,giving credence to the present model.On this basis,a comprehensive parametric study is carried out,with a particular focus on the effects of boundary conditions,fluid density,and slenderness ratio on the bending and vibration of FG beams with several different gradations.
文摘AIM: To evaluate and compare the clinical usefulness of 13C-phenylalanine and 13C-methacetin breath tests in quantitating functional hepatic mass in patients with chronic liver disease and to further compare these results with those of conventional tests, Child-Pugh score and serum bile acid levels.METHODS: One hundred and forty patients (50 HCV-related chronic hepatitis, 90 liver cirrhosis patients) and 40 matched healthy controls were studied. Both breath test and routine liver test, serum levels of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid conjugates were evaluated.RESULTS: Methacetin breath test, expressed as 60 min cumulative percent of oxidation, discriminated the hepatic functional capacity not only between controls and liver disease patients, but also between different categories of chronic liver disease patients. Methacetin breath test was correlated with liver function tests and serum bile acids.Furthermore, methacetin breath test, as well as serum bile acids, were highly predictive of Child-Pugh scores. The diagnostic power of phenylalanine breath test was always less than that of methacetin breath test.CONCLUSION: Methacetin breath test represents a safe and accurate diagnostic tool in the evaluation of hepatic functional mass in chronic liver disease patients.
文摘Objective: To examine gender differences in self-reported pain and function before and after hip replacement surgery and the extent to which overweight, comorbidities and muscular status impact pain and function in adults with disabling end-stage hip joint osteoarthritis. Setting: Orthopedic Hospital Setting on the East Coast of the United States. Study Design: Cross-sectional retrospective chart review. Methods: The desired demographic, physical and psychological attributes of 1040 adults with end-stage hip osteoarthritis hospitalized for hip surgery were recorded and subjected to comparison and correlational analyses. These data included gender, self-reported weight, height, numbers and nature of physical and psychological comorbidities, pain intensity, ambulatory capacity and discharge destination. Sub-group analyses of 808 candidates hospitalized for primary unilateral surgery were also conducted using SPSS 16. Results: There were significant (p 【0.05) associations between gender, pain scores, comorbidity numbers and ambulatory capacity. Specifically, women who exhibited higher comorbid disease rates than men, exhibited higher pre-surgery pain levels and greater functional limitations in walking ability before and after surgery than men with the same condition. In sub-group analyses of men and women with the same mean age, comorbid prevalence rates, and body mass indices, women were found to have significantly higher ideal weights on average than men, and those with higher ideal weights recovered more slowly after surgery (p 【0.05). Conclusion: The presentation of hip joint osteoarthritis is not uniform, and may be impacted differentially by gender. Women with high ideal body weights, may be specifically impacted. Whether genetic or other factors account for gender differences in pain and function among adults with disabling hip osteoarthritis observation needs to be examined.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61473208)the Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology,China(Grant No.15JCYBJC47700)+1 种基金the National Institutes of Health,USA(Grant Nos.R01DA040990 and R01EY027544)the Project of Humanities and Social Sciences from the Ministry of Education,China(Grant No.17YJAZH092)
文摘Spontaneous alpha oscillations are a ubiquitous phenomenon in the brain and play a key role in neural information processing and various cognitive functions.Jansen＇s neural mass model（NMM） was initially proposed to study the origin of alpha oscillations.Most of previous studies of the spontaneous alpha oscillations in the NMM were conducted using numerical methods.In this study,we aim to propose an analytical approach using the describing function method to elucidate the spontaneous alpha oscillation mechanism in the NMM.First,the sigmoid nonlinear function in the NMM is approximated by its describing function,allowing us to reformulate the NMM and derive its standard form composed of one nonlinear part and one linear part.Second,by conducting a theoretical analysis,we can assess whether or not the spontaneous alpha oscillation would occur in the NMM and,furthermore,accurately determine its amplitude and frequency.The results reveal analytically that the interaction between linearity and nonlinearity of the NMM plays a key role in generating the spontaneous alpha oscillations.Furthermore,strong nonlinearity and large linear strength are required to generate the spontaneous alpha oscillations.
文摘A water mass in the sea area under investigation is defined as a fuzzy subset in the discourse universe. Possible forms of membership function of water masses in the mixing modified process are discussed with the mixing theory for conservative concentration of sea water. It may provide bases for making membership functions. Results in this paper may be extended and applied to shallow water. Examples and discussion are given in this paper.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the body mass index(BMI) change in arthroplasty patients and its impact on the patients' functional results. METHODS: Between October 2010 and May 2013, 606 patients who were operated due to gonarthrosis, coxarthrosis, aseptic loosening of the total knee and hip prosthesis were evaluated prospectively. Patients were operated by three surgeons in three medical centers. Patients who were between 30-90 years of age and who were underwent total knee arthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty, revision knee arthroplasty, or revision hip arthroplasty were included in the study. We excluded the patients who cannot tolerate our standard postoperative rehabilitation program. Additionally, patients who had systemic inflammatory diseases, diabetes mellitus, or endochrinopathies were excluded from the study. The remaining 513 patients comprised our study group. Preoperative functional joint scores, height, weightand BMI of all patients were recorded. We used the Knee Society Score(KSS) for knee and Harris Hip Score(HHS) for hip patients. Postoperative functional scores were measured at 1^(st), 6^(th) and 12^(th) months and recorded separately at outpatient visits. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 64.7(range: 30-90) years(207 males/306 females) and the mean follow-up duration was 14.3(range: 12-26) mo. We found that arthroplasty patients had weight gain and had an increase in BMI at the postoperative 1^(st), 6^(th) and 12^(th) months. The mean BMI of the patients was 27.7 preoperatively, 27.8 at the postoperative 1^(st) month, 28.1 at the 6^(th) month and 28.6 at the 12^(th) month(P < 0.01). At the last visit, the mean postoperative HHS of the hip arthroplasty patients was 82.2 ± 7.12(preoperatively, 52.3; 1st month, 78.2; 6^(th) month, 81.1; 12^(th) month, 82.2), and the mean KSS of the knee arthroplasty patients was 79.3 ± 4.31(preoperatively, 35.8; 1^(st) month, 75.2; 6^(th) month, 79.1; 12^(th) month, 79.3). Worse functional results were noted in the patients who had a BMI increase, however, this correlation was statistically significant only at the postoperative 6^(th) month(P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: To prevent the negative functional effects of this weight gain during the postoperative period, arthroplasty patients should be advised for weight control and risky patients should consult with a dietician.
文摘This paper has presented results of calculations of optical functions for e||c and e^c polarizations in 0 - 12 eV energy interval, band structure and effective masses of electrons and holes of ternary compound InGaTe2. Genesis of valence band was investigated by using group-theoretical analyses. The main features of spectra of optical functions, the parameters of transition and their theoretical nature were found out. Identified interband transitions are responsible for the main peaks in the optical functions. Calculated results are in good agreement with the known experimental data.
文摘Securing restricted zones such as airports,research facilities,and military bases requires robust and reliable access control mechanisms to prevent unauthorized entry and safeguard critical assets.Face recognition has emerged as a key biometric approach for this purpose;however,existing systems are often sensitive to variations in illumination,occlusion,and pose,which degrade their performance in real-world conditions.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel hybrid face recognition method that integrates complementary feature descriptors such as Fuzzy-Gabor 2D Fisher Linear Discriminant(FG-2DFLD),Generalized 2D Linear Discriminant Analysis(G2DLDA),andModular-Local Binary Patterns(Modular-LBP)with Dempster–Shafer(DS)evidence theory for decision fusion.The proposed framework extracts global,structural,and local texture features,models them using Gaussian distributions to estimate belief factors,and fuses these belief factors through DS theory to explicitly handle uncertainty and conflict among descriptors.Experimental validation was performed on two widely used benchmark datasets,ORL and Cropped Yale B,achieving recognition rates exceeding 98%,which outperform traditional methods as well as recent deep learning-based approaches.Furthermore,the method demonstrated strong robustness under noisy conditions,maintaining accuracies above 96%with salt-and-pepper and Gaussian noise.These results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed integration strategy in enhancing accuracy,reliability,and resilience compared to single-descriptor and conventional fusion methods.Given its high performance and efficiency,the proposed method shows strong potential for deployment in real-world restricted-zone applications such as smart parking systems,secure facility access,and other high-security domains.
文摘The aim of this theoretical investigation is the description of the multicomponent mass transfer process in the Nano- Composites (NC)—novel materials with the bi-functional matrix. The new theoretical NC Model is assigned for the modern theoretical investigations of the multicomponent mass transfer kinetics in the bi-functional NC materials. This NC Model for the multicomponent mass transfer in the bi-functional NC matrix includes into the consideration the proposed key conception—two co-existing routes: I—chemical reactions onto the active NC centers-sites, and II—diffusion mass transfer inside the bi-functional NC matrix. All the results are presented in the terms of the additional key concept: propagating multicomponent concentration waves (W+) in the NC matrix. The used W+ concept for the description of the multicomponent NC mass transfer kinetics give the clear interpretation of the computerized results. The mass transfer process in the NC matrix has been described theoretically by computerized simulation. The results of the calculations are new and illustrated by author’s animations showing visually the propagation of the multicomponent concentration waves (W) inside the various NC matrixes: r-beads, cylindrical ro-fibers, or planar L-membranes. Two variants of modeling for mass transfer diffusion kinetics in the bi-functional NC matrixes with one (Variant 1), or two (Variant 2) dissociation-association reactions at the active nano-sites (R0) are considered theoretically.
文摘目的分析1990—2023年中国归因于高身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)和肾脏功能受损的痛风疾病负担变化趋势,并预测2024—2035年中国归因于高BMI和肾脏功能受损的痛风疾病负担,为痛风防控提供科学依据。方法基于2023年全球疾病负担研究(Global Burden of Disease,GBD)数据,分性别和年龄组解析高BMI和肾脏功能受损所致痛风的疾病负担特征,运用Joinpoint回归模型分析年龄标化伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALYs)率变化趋势,并通过自回归积分滑动平均(autoregressive integrated moving average,ARIMA)模型预测2024—2035年的疾病负担趋势。结果1990—2023年中国归因于高BMI的年龄标化DALYs率上升(1990年:3.79/10万,95%UI:2.15/10万-6.24/10万;2023年:7.34/10万,95%UI:4.22/10万-11.39/10万)。Joinpoint分析结果示,1990—2023年中国归因于高BMI的痛风年龄标化DALYs率总体呈上升趋势[男性整体平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)=2.12%,95%CI:2.02%-2.22%;女性AAPC=1.92%,95%CI:1.79%-2.04%;均P<0.05],归因于肾脏功能受损的年龄标化DALYs率男性整体缓慢上升,女性整体变化不显著(男性AAPC=0.36%,95%CI:0.27%-0.45%,P<0.05;女性AAPC=0.11%,95%CI:-0.11%-0.33%)。根据ARIMA模型预测结果,归因于高BMI的男性与女性痛风年龄标化DALYs率和归因于肾脏功能受损的女性痛风年龄标化DALYs率在2035年分别预计稳定在10.85/10万、3.48/10万、1.75/10万;而归因于肾脏功能受损的男性痛风年龄标化DALYs率将持续上升至2035年,预测值达到5.98/10万。结论高BMI和肾脏功能受损相关痛风疾病负担在中国持续加重,归因于肾脏功能受损的男性痛风年龄标化DALYs率或将持续上升至2035年,因此亟需完善人群BMI管理策略与肾脏疾病患者的医疗支持,对中年肥胖人群、中老年肾脏疾病患者等特定群体施加重点干预。
文摘背景:骨骼系统除了作为运动系统的重要组成部分,也是骨髓的重要支撑结构。众所周知,骨髓微环境是维持造血干细胞功能的关键场所,而造血过程本身也可调控骨骼系统的重塑,维持骨量的稳定。骨骼与造血系统间的精密协同效应维持着血液和骨骼系统的健康,而目前针对这两系统间的相互作用仍缺乏系统的归纳总结。目的:系统梳理骨骼与造血系统间相互作用的研究进展,旨在为这两者间的相互调控作用提供参考,并通过分析既往文献,为贫血、白血病等血液系统相关疾病和骨质疏松、骨关节炎等骨骼系统疾病探寻潜在的治疗靶点。方法:检索中国知网、万方及PubMed数据库在2000年1月至2025年7月与文章主题相关的文献, 以“骨量调控,造血功能,骨髓微环境,骨血轴”及“bone mass regulation,hematopoietic function,bone marrow microenvironment,bone and blood axis”等为检索词,选择著作、研究性论文和综述等文献,最终纳入115篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①系统阐述了骨髓微环境中“骨-血轴”的双向调控网络及其核心机制;②研究结果显示,骨髓微环境作为一个由多种细胞与非细胞成分构成的动态系统,不仅通过Wnt/β-连环蛋白、Notch、核因子κB受体活化因子/核因子κB受体活化因子配体/骨保护素及Hippo-Yes相关蛋白等核心信号通路精密调控造血干细胞的静息、自我更新与分化,同时接受造血系统的反向调控;③这种双向对话同样主导着骨重塑过程,其中免疫细胞(如巨噬细胞与T淋巴细胞)通过分泌特定因子成为连接骨骼系统与造血系统的关键桥梁;④该对话网络的失衡是导致骨质疏松、骨髓纤维化及白血病等跨系统疾病发生的重要病理基础;⑤此文以“骨-血轴”为框架理解骨髓微环境,为揭示血液疾病与骨骼疾病的共发病机制提供了全新视角;靶向该轴心的关键信号节点或利用协同干预策略(如地诺单抗、恩西地平等),有望为未来跨系统疾病的整合性治疗开辟新路径。
基金the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project with No.CMS-CSST-2021-B03the Grant with No.12033003。
文摘We construct a multiple-population discrete axisymmetric Jeans model for the Andromeda(M31)galaxy,considering three populations of kinematic tracers:48 supergiants and 721 planetary nebulae(PNe)in the bulge and disk regions,554 globular clusters extending to~30 kpc,and halo stars extending to~150 kpc of the galaxy.The three populations of tracers are organized in the same gravitational potential,while each population is allowed to have its own spatial distribution,rotation,and internal velocity anisotropy.The gravitational potential is a combination of stellar mass and a generalized NFW dark matter halo.We created two sets of models,one with a cusped dark matter halo and one with a cored dark matter halo.Both the cusped and cored model fit kinematics of all the three populations well,but the cored model is not preferred due to a too high concentration compared to that predicted from cosmological simulations.With a cusped dark matter halo,we obtained total stellar mass of 1.0±0.1×10^(11)M_(☉),dark matter halo virial mass of M_(200)=7.0±0.9×10^(11)M_(☉),virial radius of r_(200)=184±4 kpc,and concentration of c=20±4.The mass of M31 we obtained is at the lower side of the allowed ranges in the literature and consistent with the previous results obtained from the HⅠrotation curve and PNe kinematics.Velocity dispersion profile of the outer stellar halo is important in constraining the total mass while it is still largely uncertain.Further proper motion of bright sources from Gaia or the Chinese Space Station Telescope might help on improving the data and lead to stronger constraints on the total mass of M31.
基金the National Research Foundation of South Africasupport by the Russian Foundation for Basic Researches(Grant No.20-52-53009)+1 种基金support by the Russian Science Foundation(Grant No.17-72-20119)support by the Russian Science Foundation(Grant Nos.18-02-00890 and 19-02-00611)。
文摘The mass-luminosity relation is a fundamental law of astrophysics.We have suggested that the currently used mass-luminosity relation is not correct for the M/M⊙>2.7 range of mass since it was created utilizing double-lined eclipsing binaries,where the components are synchronized and consequently change each other's evolutionary path.To exclude this effect,we have started a project to study longperiod massive eclipsing binaries in order to construct radial velocity curves and determine masses for the components.We outline our project and present the selected test sample together with the first HRS/SALT spectral observations and the software package,FITTING BINARY STARS(FBS),that we developed for the analysis of our spectral data.As the first result,we present the radial velocity curves and best-fit orbital elements for the two components of the FP Car binary system from our test sample.
