Diamonds were formed in the mantle lithosphere,mostly at depths of 150~200km in the centres of Precambrian cratons,the buoyant ancient cores of continents.From there they were normally transported into the upper crust...Diamonds were formed in the mantle lithosphere,mostly at depths of 150~200km in the centres of Precambrian cratons,the buoyant ancient cores of continents.From there they were normally transported into the upper crust in kimberlite pipes whose diamonds are largely colourless and light yellow related to trace element N(Ia type),although brown,green,and more rarely blue-coloured diamonds are related to lattice defect and trace amounts of H,more rarely B and Ni.Pink diamonds are extremely rare in the approximately 90 diamondiferous pipes mined globally.Although small quantities have been discovered elsewhere,about 90%have been mined from the ca.1.3Ga Argyle diamond pipe in Western Australia,with the Arkhangelskaya diamond pipe in Russia the only other significant source.The pink colour at both Argyle and Arkhangelskaya is unrelated to trace elements and instead results from absorption of light from nanoscale(550nm)defects related to shear stress and plastic deformation.Macroscopically,defects are shown by glide planes,lamellae,and grain lines imposed on the originally colourless diamonds derived from their mantle source.The key question is why these defects were uniquely acquired in diamonds in the Argyle and Arkhangelskaya pipes.Unlike most diamondiferous pipes,Argyle is a rare diamondiferous volatile-rich lamproite pipe that was emplaced into the multiply deformed and rifted NNE-trending Halls Creek Orogen on the margin of the Kimberley Craton.Similarly,Arkhangelskaya in the Devonian Lomonosov kimberlite cluster is a volatile-rich low-Ti type kimberlite,a close relative to lamproite,that was emplaced into the multiply deformed Lapland-Kola Orogen on the rifted margin of the Kola Craton.These craton margins are underlain by subduction-induced volatile-enriched metasomatized mantle lithosphere in contrast to the more primeval mantle under craton centres.It is thus likely that shear stresses were exacerbated at Argyle and Arkangelskaya by rapid vertical emplacement of the anomalous volatile-enriched magmas at supercritical pressures and temperatures,that induced catastrophic phase separation of these volatiles and'mini seismic events'during rapid pressure drops during ascent from 200km depth to the surface.Such a mechanism is consistent with the presence of strongly resorbed and plastically deformed small brown industrial diamonds in the Argyle pipe.From a China perspective,it is potentially important that at 1.3Ga the alkaline Argyle pipe in northern Australia is placed adjacent to the North China Craton(NCC),with numerous world-class mineral deposits including the giant ca.1.4~1.2Ga alkaline Bayan Obo REE system on its margin.However,it is the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Craton and the Jiangnan Orogen with their lamproite pipes derived from metasomatized mantle lithosphere that present the most prospective regions for pink diamond occurrences.展开更多
City,Street and Citizen:The Measure of the Ordinary Author:Suzanne Hall Year:2012Publisher:Routledge ISBN:978-0-415-68865-9(176 pages,in English)1.City streets from a marginal perspective Streets are the most common s...City,Street and Citizen:The Measure of the Ordinary Author:Suzanne Hall Year:2012Publisher:Routledge ISBN:978-0-415-68865-9(176 pages,in English)1.City streets from a marginal perspective Streets are the most common space in a city.However,it is these countless streets that constitute the spatial stage for the social life of the general public in a city.Meanwhile,socially speaking,streets also act as an essential part that builds the public sphere of a city.展开更多
Ecosystems along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(EQTP)are highly fragile and extremely sensitive to climate change and human disturbances.To quantitatively assess climate-induced ecosystem responses,th...Ecosystems along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(EQTP)are highly fragile and extremely sensitive to climate change and human disturbances.To quantitatively assess climate-induced ecosystem responses,this study proposes a Climate-Induced Productivity Index(CIPI)based on the Super Slack-Based Measure(Super-SBM)model using remote sensing data from 2001 to 2020.The results reveal persistently low CIPI values(0.47-0.53)across major ecosystem types,indicating widespread vulnerability to climatic variability.Among these ecosystems,forests exhibit the highest CIPI(0.55),followed by shrublands(0.54),croplands(0.53),grasslands(0.51),and barelands(0.43).The Theil index analysis further demonstrates significant intra-group disparities,suggesting that extreme climatic events amplify CIPI heterogeneity.Moreover,the dominant environmental drivers differ among ecosystem types:the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)primarily constrains grassland productivity,solar radiation(SRAD)strongly influences shrub and cropland systems,whereas subsurface factors exert greater control in forested regions.This study provides a quantitative framework for evaluating climate-ecosystem interactions and offers a scientific basis for long-term ecological monitoring and security planning across the EQTP.展开更多
This paper studies the context of the central area contiguous with the iron bed of medium-sized cities of the northwest region of São Paulo,in Brazil,namely:Presidente Prudente,Araçatuba,Birigüi,Sã...This paper studies the context of the central area contiguous with the iron bed of medium-sized cities of the northwest region of São Paulo,in Brazil,namely:Presidente Prudente,Araçatuba,Birigüi,São Josédo Rio Preto and Marilia.Not surprisingly,the ancient boundaries of railway lines crossing the countryside regions.These urban centers were developed by the expansion of the railway,but with the deactivation of the rail transport,its core areas went into obsolescence and deterioration process and,more recently,are suffering processes of modernization and productive restructuring.At the same time,amid the industrial landscapes and decaying railroad heritage,there are situations and dweller types able to reveal some imaginary,capable of triggering:surprises,dilemmas and entanglements in the analysis of urban composition,the modernization process and its consequent deterioration.Therefore,from the marginal uses present in each city of the northwestern country towns of São Paulo,we try explain a poltical and critical point of view of these urban areas.Thus,the marginal architecture is not only the expression of subaltern subjectivities,reflecting the complexities present in emblematic areas of public importance,affected by degradation processes,but also,the attempt to define a concept strategy:a destabilizing way of reading places filled with meaning,in the counterculture of the hegemonic space to make experimental projects.展开更多
The presence of a positive deep surgical margin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)significantly elevates the risk of local recurrence.Therefore,a prompt and precise intraoperative assessment of margin status is i...The presence of a positive deep surgical margin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)significantly elevates the risk of local recurrence.Therefore,a prompt and precise intraoperative assessment of margin status is imperative to ensure thorough tumor resection.In this study,we integrate Raman imaging technology with an artificial intelligence(AI)generative model,proposing an innovative approach for intraoperative margin status diagnosis.This method utilizes Raman imaging to swiftly and non-invasively capture tissue Raman images,which are then transformed into hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)-stained histopathological images using an AI generative model for histopathological diagnosis.The generated H&E-stained images clearly illustrate the tissue’s pathological conditions.Independently reviewed by three pathologists,the overall diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing between tumor tissue and normal muscle tissue reaches 86.7%.Notably,it outperforms current clinical practices,especially in TSCC with positive lymph node metastasis or moderately differentiated grades.This advancement highlights the potential of AI-enhanced Raman imaging to significantly improve intraoperative assessments and surgical margin evaluations,promising a versatile diagnostic tool beyond TSCC.展开更多
Based on the comprehensive analysis of data from petrology and mineralogy,well logging,seismic surveys,paleontology,and geochemistry,a detailed research was conducted on paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions...Based on the comprehensive analysis of data from petrology and mineralogy,well logging,seismic surveys,paleontology,and geochemistry,a detailed research was conducted on paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions,and modeling of the source rocks in the second member of the Eocene Wenchang Formation(Wen 2 Member)in the Northern Shunde Subsag at the southwestern margin of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.The Wen 2 Member hosts excellent,thick lacustrine source rocks with strong longitudinal heterogeneity and an average total organic carbon(TOC)content of over 4.9%.The Wen 2 Member can be divided into three units(I,II,III)from bottom to top.Unit I features excellent source rocks with Type I organic matters(average TOC of 5.9%)primarily sourced from lake organisms;Unit II hosts source rocks dominated by Type II2 organic matters(average TOC of 2.2%),which are originated from mixed sources dominated by terrestrial input.Unit III contains good to excellent source rocks dominated by Type II1 organic matters(average TOC of 4.9%),which are mainly contributed by lake organisms and partially by terrestrial input.Under the background of rapid subsidence and limited source supply during intense rifting period in the Eocene,excellent source rocks were developed in Wen 2 Member in the Northern Shunde Subsag under the coordinated control of warm and humid climate,volcanic activity,and deep-water reducing conditions.During the deposition of Unit I,the warm and humid climate and volcanic activity promoted the proliferation of lake algaes,primarily Granodiscus,resulting in high initial productivity,and deep-water reducing conditions enabled satisfactory preservation of organic matters.These factors jointly controlled the development and occurrence of excellent source rocks.During the deposition of Unit II,a transition from warm to cool and semi-arid paleoclimatic conditions led to a decrease in lake algaes and initial productivity.Additionally,enhanced terrestrial input and shallow-water,weakly oxidizing water conditions caused a significant dilution and decomposition of organic matters,degrading the quality of source rocks.During the deposition of Unit III,when the paleoclimatic conditions are cool and humid,Pediastrum and Botryococcus began to thrive,leading to an increase in productivity.Meanwhile,the reducing environment of semi-deep water facilitated the preservation of excellent source rocks,albeit slightly inferior to those in Unit I.The study results clarify the differential origins and development models of various source rocks in the Shunde Sag,offering valuable guidance for evaluating source rocks and selecting petroleum exploration targets in similar marginal sags.展开更多
Based on a set of high-resolution 3D seismic data from the northern continental margin of the South China Sea,the lithospheric structure,thinning mechanisms and related syn-rift tectonic deformation response processes...Based on a set of high-resolution 3D seismic data from the northern continental margin of the South China Sea,the lithospheric structure,thinning mechanisms and related syn-rift tectonic deformation response processes in the crustal necking zone in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin were systematically analyzed,and the petroleum geological significance was discussed.The necking zone investigated in the study is located in the Baiyun Sag and Kaiping Sag in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.These areas show extreme crustal thinned geometries of central thinning and flank thickening,characterized by multi-level and multi-dipping detachment fault systems.The necking zone exhibits pronounced lateral heterogeneity in structural architectures,which can be classified into four types of thinned crustal architectures,i.e.the wedge-shaped extremely thinned crustal architecture in the Baiyun Main Sub-sag,dumbbell-shaped moderately thinned crustal architecture in the Baiyun West Sub-sag,box-shaped weakly thinned crustal architecture in eastern Baiyun Sag,and metamorphic core complex weakly thinned crustal architecture in the Kaiping Sag.This shows great variations in the degree and style of crustal thinning,types of detachment faults,distribution of syn-rift sedimentary sequences,and intensity of magmatism.The thinning of the necking zone is controlled by the heterogeneous rheological stratification of lithosphere,intensity of mantle-derived magmatism,and deformation modes of detachment faults.The syn-rift tectonic deformation of the necking zone evolved through three phases,i.e.uniform stretching during the early Wenchang Formation deposition period,necking during the late Wenchang Formation deposition period,and hyperextension during the Enping Formation deposition period.The crustal thinning extent and architectural differentiation in these phases were primarily controlled by three distinct mechanisms,i.e.the pure shear deformation activation of pre-existing thrust faults,the simple shear deformation of crust-mantle and inter-crust detachment faults,and differential coupling of lower crustal flow and ductile domes with main detachment faults.The hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment in the necking zone exhibit marked spatial heterogeneity.Four distinct crustal thinned architecture-hydrocarbon accumulation models were identified in this study.The hydrocarbon accumulations in the shallow part exhibit significant correlations with their deep crustal thinned architectures.The unique lithospheric structure and deformation process predominantly control the favorable hydrocarbon accumulation zones with excellent source-fault-ridge-sand configurations,which is critical to reservoir-forming.The most promising exploration targets are mainly identified on the uplift zones and their seaward-dipping flanks associated with the middle and lower crustal domes.This research provides additional insights into lithospheric thinning-breakup process at intermediate continental margins of marine sedimentary basins,being significant for guiding the deepwater petroleum exploration in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.展开更多
Large-scale Danian-age(post-K/Pg boundary)Deccan magmatism is well known from the Mumbai metropolitan area,located in the structurally complex Panvel flexure zone along the western Indian rifted continental margin.Thi...Large-scale Danian-age(post-K/Pg boundary)Deccan magmatism is well known from the Mumbai metropolitan area,located in the structurally complex Panvel flexure zone along the western Indian rifted continental margin.This compositionally diverse late-Deccan magmatic suite contains subaerial tholeiitic lavas and dykes typical of the main Deccan province,with many features atypical of the Deccan,such as spilitic pillow lavas,“intertrappean”sediments(often containing considerable volcanic ash),rhyolitic lavas and tuffs,gabbro-granophyre intrusions,and trachyte intrusions containing alkali basalt enclaves.Most of these units,previously dated at 62.5 Ma to 61 Ma,are contemporaneous with or slightly postdate the 62.5 Ma India-Seychelles continental breakup and Panvel flexure formation.In the Dongri-Uttan area,two samples of a>50-m-thick,columnar-jointed rhyolite from the Darkhan Quarry and from a section behind the current Uttan Sagari Police Station have previously been dated at 62.6±0.6 Ma and 62.9±0.2 Ma(^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar,2r errors).New exposures reveal that these two statistically indistinguishable 40 Ar/39 Ar ages correspond to two distinct rhyolite units,separated by well-bedded silicic ash.The columnar rhyolites are microcrystalline,composed of quartz and alkali feldspar,with rare small(1–2 mm),altered feldspar phenocrysts,and no recognisable relict vitroclasts.Given the westerly structural dip,most of their lateral extent is submerged under the Arabian Sea,and we consider them to be possible flood rhyolite lavas.We interpret the ash beds,composed of pumice clasts and glass shards,as a low-grade(nonwelded)vitric ash,derived from a possibly distal Plinian eruption and deposited by fallout.The lavas and ash are peraluminous rhyolites.The lavas are Sr-Ba-poor and Rb-Zr-Nb-rich,and show“seagull-shaped”rare earth element patterns with deep negative europium anomalies.These crystal-poor lavas are“hot-dry-reduced”rhyolites typical of intraplate,continental rift and rifted margin settings.The very different high-field strength element contents of the lavas and the ash indicate compositionally distinct magma batches.The 62.5 Ma Dongri-Uttan sequence provides clear evidence for rapid silicic eruptions of effusive and explosive nature,alternating with each other and sourced from distinct magma chambers and eruptive vents.A newly identified,highly feldspar-phyric trachyte intrusion marks the last phase of magmatic activity in the area,corresponding with late-stage trachyte-syenite intrusions exposed in coastal western India and the Seychelles,and shows that the Mumbai rhyolites and trachytes form a compositional continuum.展开更多
The Cambrian platform margin in the Tarim Basin boasts favorable source-reservoir-cap assemblages,making it a significant target for hydrocarbon exploration in ultra-to extra-deep facies-controlled for-mations.Of the ...The Cambrian platform margin in the Tarim Basin boasts favorable source-reservoir-cap assemblages,making it a significant target for hydrocarbon exploration in ultra-to extra-deep facies-controlled for-mations.Of the three major basins in western China,Tarim is the only basin with large-scale platform margin where no exploration breakthrough has been achieved yet.This study determines the vertical and lateral differential evolution of the platform margin(in the Manxi area hereafter referred to as the Cambrian Manxi platform margin)through fine-scale sequence stratigraphic division and a segmented analysis.The platform margin can be divided into the Yuqi,Tahe,Shunbei,and Gucheng segments,from north to south,based on the development of different ancient landforms and the evolutionary process of the platform.The Yuqi and Shunbei segments exhibit relatively low-elevation ancient landforms.Both segments were in a submarine buildup stage during the Early Cambrian,resulting in overall limited scales of their reservoirs.The Gucheng segment features the highest-elevation ancient landforms and accordingly limited accommodation spaces.As a result,the rapid lateral migration of high-energy facies zones leads to the development of large-scale reservoirs with only limited thicknesses.In contrast,the Tahe segment,exhibiting comparatively high-elevation ancient landforms,is identified as the most favorable segment for the formation of large-scale reservoirs.The cap rocks of the platform margin are dominated by back-reef dolomitic flats and tight carbonate rocks formed in transgressive periods.A comprehensive evaluation of source rocks,reservoirs,and cap rocks indicates that the Tahe segment boasts the optimal hydrocarbon accumulation conditions along the platform margin.In this segment,the Shayilike Formation transgressive deposits and the high-energy mound-shoal complexes along the platform margin of the Wusonggeer Formation constitute the optimal reservoir-cap rock assemblage,establishing this segment as the most promising target for hydrocarbon exploration in the platform margin.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage is one of the most severe and life-threatening complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy.We present four cases of gastrointestinal bleeding patients to clarify its appropriat...BACKGROUND Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage is one of the most severe and life-threatening complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy.We present four cases of gastrointestinal bleeding patients to clarify its appropriate treatment and prevention.CASE SUMMARY The main symptoms included black stool,hematochezia,haematemesis,blood in the nasogastric tube,and hemorrhagic shock.The mean age was 66.25 years old and the median onset time was 340 d after the surgery.The bleeding location comprised gastrointestinal anastomosis,bile duct-jejunum anastomosis,and extraluminal bleeding.The possible causes included marginal ulcer,jejunal varix,and abdominal infection.Endoscopic hemostatic clips,as well as a covered stent using angiography,were utilized to stop the bleeding and three patients survived.Only one patient died of gastrointestinal bleeding,abdominal bleeding,abdominal infection,hypovolemic shock,and disseminated intravascular coagulation.CONCLUSION Early and effective endoscopic intervention is the key to successful hemostasis in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding after pancreatoduodenectomy.展开更多
Objective:Microscopically positive resection margins(R1)in gastric cancer have been associated with poor outcomes,but evidence regarding its prognostic significance across different stages remains inconsistent.This st...Objective:Microscopically positive resection margins(R1)in gastric cancer have been associated with poor outcomes,but evidence regarding its prognostic significance across different stages remains inconsistent.This study investigated the impact of R1 resection on survival outcomes and evaluated the prognostic significance of detailed pathological characteristics of margin involvement.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed 10,165 patients who underwent curative-intent gastrectomy for gastric cancer between 2007 and 2021.Propensity score matching was performed at a 1:3 ratio between R1(n=45)and R0(n=130)cases.For R1 margins,detailed pathological assessment included involvement length,proportion,depth,and histological features.Survival outcomes were evaluated across all stages,and the impact of subsequent resection was analyzed.Results:After propensity score matching,R1 resection showed significantly lower 5-year overall survival rates compared to R0 resection across all stages(stageⅠ:60.0%vs.90.9%,P=0.008;stageⅡ:40.0%vs.83.3%,P=0.001;stageⅢ:20.0%vs.35.4%,P<0.001).In R1 cases,tumor involvement length≤1 cm(P<0.001),proportion≤10%(P=0.012),and mucosal-only involvement(P=0.004)were associated with better survival.Patients who underwent subsequent resection to achieve R0 status showed better survival than those with persistent R1 resection(53.8%vs.26.7%,P<0.001)and comparable survival to matched R0 cases(53.8%vs.46.9%,P=0.320).Conclusions:R1 resection significantly impairs survival across all stages of gastric cancer,with the extent and depth of microscopic involvement influencing prognosis.When R1 status is discovered postoperatively,subsequent resection should be considered to improve survival outcomes.展开更多
Climate change has significantly increased the frequency and severity of droughts and risk of tree death worldwide.Differences in leaf habit,plant size,and species diversity are associated with differences in the risk...Climate change has significantly increased the frequency and severity of droughts and risk of tree death worldwide.Differences in leaf habit,plant size,and species diversity are associated with differences in the risk of drought-induced mortality,but the relative contributions of these factors to the risk of mortality are unclear.In a study of the mortality of tree and shrub species during the extreme drought of 2019 in a savanna ecosystem in Southwest China,we assessed the relative contributions of evergreen and deciduous leaf habit,plant size,and species richness and diversity to the mortality of shrubs and trees after the 2019 extreme drought.The deciduous species had significantly lower hydraulic safety margins than the coexisting evergreen species,resulting in a higher mortality risk.Additionally,species and individuals with taller canopies tended to have deeper root systems,an advantage during extreme drought that reduced mortality risk.Notably,mortality risk was largely independent of stand species richness and diversity.Overall,leaf habit and plant height were better predictors of mortality risk than species richness and diversity.These novel insights provide a better understanding of the mechanisms driving drought-induced mortality in the ecosystems with a low canopy and weak interspecific and intraspecific competition for shared resources.Leaf habit and tree size should be incorporated into hypotheses on the mechanisms underlying drought-induced tree mortality.展开更多
The trace element selenium(Se)occurs naturally throughout the earth.Se deficiency has been linked to impaired breast health and other diseases in human and animals.Compared to severe Se deficiency,marginal dietary Se ...The trace element selenium(Se)occurs naturally throughout the earth.Se deficiency has been linked to impaired breast health and other diseases in human and animals.Compared to severe Se deficiency,marginal dietary Se deficiency accusers more frequently in low-Se regions.Therefore,to investigate the Se status and inflammatory response of the mammary gland under marginal dietary Se levels,an lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced mouse mastitis model was established.Mice were fed with moderate Se diet(0.087 mg•kg^(-1) Se),adequate Se diet(0.15 mg•kg^(-1) Se)or excessive Se diet(1.5 mg•kg^(-1) Se)for 60 days.Se status and inflammatory factors were investigated.Results showed that the Se status of mammary gland correlated with dietary Se levels.Marginal Se deficiency exacerbated mammary tissue histopathology;increased the mRNA level of inflammatory genes tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2);and enhanced the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in mammary gland tissues.Supplementation of Se in diet higher than recommended levels reduced the inflammatory reaction of mammary glands in LPS-induced mastitis model and provided a protective effect.展开更多
Recently,Luolai Group released its Q12025 quarterly report.As a leading Chinese home textile enterprise listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2009,the company covers the research,design,production,and sales of home...Recently,Luolai Group released its Q12025 quarterly report.As a leading Chinese home textile enterprise listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2009,the company covers the research,design,production,and sales of home textile products,and has multiple brands covering different consumer markets.It has expanded its online and offline comprehensive multichannel sales system and is committed to creating a win-win home furnishings and textile industry ecosystem.展开更多
In semi-arid regions where climatic limitations hinder open-field vegetable production,greenhouse-based lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)cultivation plays a vital role in ensuring off-season supply.In this study,the potentia...In semi-arid regions where climatic limitations hinder open-field vegetable production,greenhouse-based lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)cultivation plays a vital role in ensuring off-season supply.In this study,the potential of sustainable input combinations was evaluated to enhance lettuce productivity,quality,and profitability under unheated greenhouse conditions in Southeastern Türkiye.Treatments included farmer practice and a mycorrhizal biofertilizer(ERS,a water-soluble arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus product)applied alone or in combination with organic-based biostimulants(IS and NM).Evaluated parameters were plant height,leaf pigmentation(a^(*),h°),SPAD values,vitamin C,nitrogen and phosphorus content,and gross margin.The ERS2+IS&NM treatment significantly enhanced plant height(32.5 cm),vitamin C content(28.63 mg 100 g^(−1) FW),and gross margin($616.09 da^(−1)),along with improved nutrient uptake and leaf coloration.These findings highlight the synergistic benefits of integrating mycorrhizal inoculants with organic-based biostimulants in greenhouse-grown lettuce systems.The results contribute to the development of eco-friendly,climate-resilient production strategies for protected cultivation in semi-arid environments.展开更多
Type I interferon(IFN-I)is highly prevalent in autoimmune disorders and is intricately involved in disease pathogenesis,including Sjögren's disease(SjD),also known as Sjögren's syndrome.Although the ...Type I interferon(IFN-I)is highly prevalent in autoimmune disorders and is intricately involved in disease pathogenesis,including Sjögren's disease(SjD),also known as Sjögren's syndrome.Although the T follicular helper(Tfh)cell response has been shown to drive SjD development in a mouse model of experimental Sjögren's syndrome(ESS),the connection between IFN-I and the Tfh cell response remains unclear.As the activation of stimulator of interferon genes(STING)induces IFN-I production,we first demonstrated that mice deficient in STING or IFN-I signaling presented diminished Tfh cells and were completely resistant to ESS development.However,the STING-IFN-I axis does not directly influence Tfh cell differentiation.Instead,IFN-I signaling in B cells was essential for mounting Tfh cell responses,as evidenced in Cd19CreIfnar1flox mice,which also showed resistance to ESS development.Mechanistic analyses revealed that IFN-I drove CXCR5 expression in innate-like marginal zone B cells via the MEKK3-OCT2 axis,facilitating their migration into the follicular area.Additionally,IFN-I promoted interleukin-6 production in B cells via the MEKK3-ERK5 axis,resulting in hyperactive Tfh cell responses.In SjD patients,STING activation was predominantly observed in circulating CD14+monocytes and was positively correlated with disease activity and effector T-cell responses.Pharmaceutical inhibition of either STING or IFNAR1 yielded moderate improvements in ESS mice with chronic inflammation,but combination therapy markedly improved outcomes and led to signs of disease remission.Our findings elucidate a novel mechanism by which IFN-I bridges innate and Tfh cell responses,suggesting new therapeutic avenues for SjD and related autoimmune disorders.展开更多
Magmatism at continental margins is of great significance in understanding the continental rifting.We present a twodimensional P-wave velocity model derived from an ocean bottom seismometer experiment,conducted across...Magmatism at continental margins is of great significance in understanding the continental rifting.We present a twodimensional P-wave velocity model derived from an ocean bottom seismometer experiment,conducted across the middle northern continental margin of the South China Sea(SCS).The detailed velocity structures reveal significant heterogeneities extending from the continental shelf to the continent-ocean transition zone.The crust exhibits its greatest thickness below the continental shelf,measuring~23 km and gradually thins to~13 km at the distal margin.Furthermore,a narrow and distinct continent-ocean transition with only 40-km width is revealed.We also observe a high-velocity layer within the transition zone,reaching thickness of up to 4 km,characterized by P-wave velocities ranging from 7.0 km/s to 7.6 km/s in the lower crust.Based on the syn-rift melt generation using decompression melting model,we ascertain that syn-rift magmatism cannot fully account for the observed thick high-velocity layer.By integrating findings from previous geophysical and geochemical studies presenting extensive volcanic edifice on the seafloor at the northern margin,as well as ocean-island-basalt-type magmaticsamples in the SCS area,we propose that post-rifting magmatism associated with the Hainan Plume may have influenced theformation of the high-velocity lower crust within the transition zone and the northern margin of the SCS can thus be recognizedas magma-poor type margin.展开更多
Compared to discrete continental marginal basins,the mechanisms of hydrocarbon migration and enrichment in transform continental marginal basins are poorly understood.In this study,we conducted a comprehensive analysi...Compared to discrete continental marginal basins,the mechanisms of hydrocarbon migration and enrichment in transform continental marginal basins are poorly understood.In this study,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the main source rocks,reservoirs,and vertical migration pathways within the Rovuma(RB)and Tanzania(TB)basins in East Africa utilizing drilling,logging,seismic,and geochemical data.The results indicate that the enhanced preservation conditions of the Lower Jurassic source rocks in the southwest could lead to the discovery of large natural gas fields in the southern TB and RB.The primary reservoir is a deep-water turbidite sandstone.Due to topographic differences,the expanse of the turbidite sandstones in the RB is significantly larger than those in Tanzania.The main vertical migration pathways are the western boundary fault zone of the Kerimbas Graben(WBFZ)and the Seagap fault zone(SFZ).In the RB,natural gas migrates vertically along the WBFZ and preferentially accumulates in the deep-water turbidite sandstones of the footwall under the control of the fluid potential.Conversely,in the southern TB,the deep natural gas first migrates upward along the SFZ,then moves along the shallow branch faults in the sandstones on both sides of the SFZ.展开更多
As PEGylated liposomes have witnessed remarkable advancements in drug delivery,their immunogenicity has emerged as a notable challenge.In this study,we discovered that a simple pre-injection of folic acid(FA)effective...As PEGylated liposomes have witnessed remarkable advancements in drug delivery,their immunogenicity has emerged as a notable challenge.In this study,we discovered that a simple pre-injection of folic acid(FA)effectively mitigated the immunogenicity of PEGylated liposomes and enhanced their in vivo performance by tolerating splenic marginal zone B cells.FA specifically inhibited the internalization of PEGylated liposomes by splenic marginal zone B cells,thereby reducing splenic lymphocyte proliferation and specific IgM secretion.This modulation alleviated Ig M-mediated accelerated blood clearance and adverse accumulation of the PEGylated liposomes in the skin.These findings provide new insights into the immunomodulatory effects of FA and promising avenues to enhance the efficacy and safety of PEGylated liposomal nanomedicines.展开更多
文摘Diamonds were formed in the mantle lithosphere,mostly at depths of 150~200km in the centres of Precambrian cratons,the buoyant ancient cores of continents.From there they were normally transported into the upper crust in kimberlite pipes whose diamonds are largely colourless and light yellow related to trace element N(Ia type),although brown,green,and more rarely blue-coloured diamonds are related to lattice defect and trace amounts of H,more rarely B and Ni.Pink diamonds are extremely rare in the approximately 90 diamondiferous pipes mined globally.Although small quantities have been discovered elsewhere,about 90%have been mined from the ca.1.3Ga Argyle diamond pipe in Western Australia,with the Arkhangelskaya diamond pipe in Russia the only other significant source.The pink colour at both Argyle and Arkhangelskaya is unrelated to trace elements and instead results from absorption of light from nanoscale(550nm)defects related to shear stress and plastic deformation.Macroscopically,defects are shown by glide planes,lamellae,and grain lines imposed on the originally colourless diamonds derived from their mantle source.The key question is why these defects were uniquely acquired in diamonds in the Argyle and Arkhangelskaya pipes.Unlike most diamondiferous pipes,Argyle is a rare diamondiferous volatile-rich lamproite pipe that was emplaced into the multiply deformed and rifted NNE-trending Halls Creek Orogen on the margin of the Kimberley Craton.Similarly,Arkhangelskaya in the Devonian Lomonosov kimberlite cluster is a volatile-rich low-Ti type kimberlite,a close relative to lamproite,that was emplaced into the multiply deformed Lapland-Kola Orogen on the rifted margin of the Kola Craton.These craton margins are underlain by subduction-induced volatile-enriched metasomatized mantle lithosphere in contrast to the more primeval mantle under craton centres.It is thus likely that shear stresses were exacerbated at Argyle and Arkangelskaya by rapid vertical emplacement of the anomalous volatile-enriched magmas at supercritical pressures and temperatures,that induced catastrophic phase separation of these volatiles and'mini seismic events'during rapid pressure drops during ascent from 200km depth to the surface.Such a mechanism is consistent with the presence of strongly resorbed and plastically deformed small brown industrial diamonds in the Argyle pipe.From a China perspective,it is potentially important that at 1.3Ga the alkaline Argyle pipe in northern Australia is placed adjacent to the North China Craton(NCC),with numerous world-class mineral deposits including the giant ca.1.4~1.2Ga alkaline Bayan Obo REE system on its margin.However,it is the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Craton and the Jiangnan Orogen with their lamproite pipes derived from metasomatized mantle lithosphere that present the most prospective regions for pink diamond occurrences.
文摘City,Street and Citizen:The Measure of the Ordinary Author:Suzanne Hall Year:2012Publisher:Routledge ISBN:978-0-415-68865-9(176 pages,in English)1.City streets from a marginal perspective Streets are the most common space in a city.However,it is these countless streets that constitute the spatial stage for the social life of the general public in a city.Meanwhile,socially speaking,streets also act as an essential part that builds the public sphere of a city.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,No.2022YFF1302401National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42271007。
文摘Ecosystems along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(EQTP)are highly fragile and extremely sensitive to climate change and human disturbances.To quantitatively assess climate-induced ecosystem responses,this study proposes a Climate-Induced Productivity Index(CIPI)based on the Super Slack-Based Measure(Super-SBM)model using remote sensing data from 2001 to 2020.The results reveal persistently low CIPI values(0.47-0.53)across major ecosystem types,indicating widespread vulnerability to climatic variability.Among these ecosystems,forests exhibit the highest CIPI(0.55),followed by shrublands(0.54),croplands(0.53),grasslands(0.51),and barelands(0.43).The Theil index analysis further demonstrates significant intra-group disparities,suggesting that extreme climatic events amplify CIPI heterogeneity.Moreover,the dominant environmental drivers differ among ecosystem types:the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)primarily constrains grassland productivity,solar radiation(SRAD)strongly influences shrub and cropland systems,whereas subsurface factors exert greater control in forested regions.This study provides a quantitative framework for evaluating climate-ecosystem interactions and offers a scientific basis for long-term ecological monitoring and security planning across the EQTP.
文摘This paper studies the context of the central area contiguous with the iron bed of medium-sized cities of the northwest region of São Paulo,in Brazil,namely:Presidente Prudente,Araçatuba,Birigüi,São Josédo Rio Preto and Marilia.Not surprisingly,the ancient boundaries of railway lines crossing the countryside regions.These urban centers were developed by the expansion of the railway,but with the deactivation of the rail transport,its core areas went into obsolescence and deterioration process and,more recently,are suffering processes of modernization and productive restructuring.At the same time,amid the industrial landscapes and decaying railroad heritage,there are situations and dweller types able to reveal some imaginary,capable of triggering:surprises,dilemmas and entanglements in the analysis of urban composition,the modernization process and its consequent deterioration.Therefore,from the marginal uses present in each city of the northwestern country towns of São Paulo,we try explain a poltical and critical point of view of these urban areas.Thus,the marginal architecture is not only the expression of subaltern subjectivities,reflecting the complexities present in emblematic areas of public importance,affected by degradation processes,but also,the attempt to define a concept strategy:a destabilizing way of reading places filled with meaning,in the counterculture of the hegemonic space to make experimental projects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82272955 and 22203057)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Grant No.2021J011361).
文摘The presence of a positive deep surgical margin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)significantly elevates the risk of local recurrence.Therefore,a prompt and precise intraoperative assessment of margin status is imperative to ensure thorough tumor resection.In this study,we integrate Raman imaging technology with an artificial intelligence(AI)generative model,proposing an innovative approach for intraoperative margin status diagnosis.This method utilizes Raman imaging to swiftly and non-invasively capture tissue Raman images,which are then transformed into hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)-stained histopathological images using an AI generative model for histopathological diagnosis.The generated H&E-stained images clearly illustrate the tissue’s pathological conditions.Independently reviewed by three pathologists,the overall diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing between tumor tissue and normal muscle tissue reaches 86.7%.Notably,it outperforms current clinical practices,especially in TSCC with positive lymph node metastasis or moderately differentiated grades.This advancement highlights the potential of AI-enhanced Raman imaging to significantly improve intraoperative assessments and surgical margin evaluations,promising a versatile diagnostic tool beyond TSCC.
基金Supported by the Research Project of China National Offshore Oil Corporation(SCKY-2023-HN-3)。
文摘Based on the comprehensive analysis of data from petrology and mineralogy,well logging,seismic surveys,paleontology,and geochemistry,a detailed research was conducted on paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions,and modeling of the source rocks in the second member of the Eocene Wenchang Formation(Wen 2 Member)in the Northern Shunde Subsag at the southwestern margin of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.The Wen 2 Member hosts excellent,thick lacustrine source rocks with strong longitudinal heterogeneity and an average total organic carbon(TOC)content of over 4.9%.The Wen 2 Member can be divided into three units(I,II,III)from bottom to top.Unit I features excellent source rocks with Type I organic matters(average TOC of 5.9%)primarily sourced from lake organisms;Unit II hosts source rocks dominated by Type II2 organic matters(average TOC of 2.2%),which are originated from mixed sources dominated by terrestrial input.Unit III contains good to excellent source rocks dominated by Type II1 organic matters(average TOC of 4.9%),which are mainly contributed by lake organisms and partially by terrestrial input.Under the background of rapid subsidence and limited source supply during intense rifting period in the Eocene,excellent source rocks were developed in Wen 2 Member in the Northern Shunde Subsag under the coordinated control of warm and humid climate,volcanic activity,and deep-water reducing conditions.During the deposition of Unit I,the warm and humid climate and volcanic activity promoted the proliferation of lake algaes,primarily Granodiscus,resulting in high initial productivity,and deep-water reducing conditions enabled satisfactory preservation of organic matters.These factors jointly controlled the development and occurrence of excellent source rocks.During the deposition of Unit II,a transition from warm to cool and semi-arid paleoclimatic conditions led to a decrease in lake algaes and initial productivity.Additionally,enhanced terrestrial input and shallow-water,weakly oxidizing water conditions caused a significant dilution and decomposition of organic matters,degrading the quality of source rocks.During the deposition of Unit III,when the paleoclimatic conditions are cool and humid,Pediastrum and Botryococcus began to thrive,leading to an increase in productivity.Meanwhile,the reducing environment of semi-deep water facilitated the preservation of excellent source rocks,albeit slightly inferior to those in Unit I.The study results clarify the differential origins and development models of various source rocks in the Shunde Sag,offering valuable guidance for evaluating source rocks and selecting petroleum exploration targets in similar marginal sags.
基金Supported by the Prospective Basic Research Project of CNOOC China Limited(KJQZ-2023-2001)Major Science and Technology Project of CNOOC(KJGG2022-0103-03).
文摘Based on a set of high-resolution 3D seismic data from the northern continental margin of the South China Sea,the lithospheric structure,thinning mechanisms and related syn-rift tectonic deformation response processes in the crustal necking zone in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin were systematically analyzed,and the petroleum geological significance was discussed.The necking zone investigated in the study is located in the Baiyun Sag and Kaiping Sag in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.These areas show extreme crustal thinned geometries of central thinning and flank thickening,characterized by multi-level and multi-dipping detachment fault systems.The necking zone exhibits pronounced lateral heterogeneity in structural architectures,which can be classified into four types of thinned crustal architectures,i.e.the wedge-shaped extremely thinned crustal architecture in the Baiyun Main Sub-sag,dumbbell-shaped moderately thinned crustal architecture in the Baiyun West Sub-sag,box-shaped weakly thinned crustal architecture in eastern Baiyun Sag,and metamorphic core complex weakly thinned crustal architecture in the Kaiping Sag.This shows great variations in the degree and style of crustal thinning,types of detachment faults,distribution of syn-rift sedimentary sequences,and intensity of magmatism.The thinning of the necking zone is controlled by the heterogeneous rheological stratification of lithosphere,intensity of mantle-derived magmatism,and deformation modes of detachment faults.The syn-rift tectonic deformation of the necking zone evolved through three phases,i.e.uniform stretching during the early Wenchang Formation deposition period,necking during the late Wenchang Formation deposition period,and hyperextension during the Enping Formation deposition period.The crustal thinning extent and architectural differentiation in these phases were primarily controlled by three distinct mechanisms,i.e.the pure shear deformation activation of pre-existing thrust faults,the simple shear deformation of crust-mantle and inter-crust detachment faults,and differential coupling of lower crustal flow and ductile domes with main detachment faults.The hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment in the necking zone exhibit marked spatial heterogeneity.Four distinct crustal thinned architecture-hydrocarbon accumulation models were identified in this study.The hydrocarbon accumulations in the shallow part exhibit significant correlations with their deep crustal thinned architectures.The unique lithospheric structure and deformation process predominantly control the favorable hydrocarbon accumulation zones with excellent source-fault-ridge-sand configurations,which is critical to reservoir-forming.The most promising exploration targets are mainly identified on the uplift zones and their seaward-dipping flanks associated with the middle and lower crustal domes.This research provides additional insights into lithospheric thinning-breakup process at intermediate continental margins of marine sedimentary basins,being significant for guiding the deepwater petroleum exploration in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.
基金supported by the research award project RI/0220-10000618-001 to Sheth from the Industrial Research and Consultancy Centre(IRCC)IIT Bombay.Shekhar and Astha were supported by Prime Minister’s Research Fellowships(PMRF,File Nos.1303100 and 1303103,respectively)+4 种基金Naik was initially supported by an IIT Bombay Institute Post-Doctoral Fellowship(File No.HR-1(HRM-1)/Rect/33/2022/20003002)subsequently by a Goa State Research Foundation Post-doctoral Fellowship(File No.PDF2024003)We express our sincere gratitude to Prof.N.Prabhakar for kindly granting us access to the WD-XRF spectrometry facility(SIP ProjectWBS Code:IN/22-1111039E-01)the ICP-MS facility,and the SERB-funded EPMA National Facility(IRPHA Grant No.IR/S4/ESF-16/2009(G))in the Department of Earth Sciences,IIT Bombay.
文摘Large-scale Danian-age(post-K/Pg boundary)Deccan magmatism is well known from the Mumbai metropolitan area,located in the structurally complex Panvel flexure zone along the western Indian rifted continental margin.This compositionally diverse late-Deccan magmatic suite contains subaerial tholeiitic lavas and dykes typical of the main Deccan province,with many features atypical of the Deccan,such as spilitic pillow lavas,“intertrappean”sediments(often containing considerable volcanic ash),rhyolitic lavas and tuffs,gabbro-granophyre intrusions,and trachyte intrusions containing alkali basalt enclaves.Most of these units,previously dated at 62.5 Ma to 61 Ma,are contemporaneous with or slightly postdate the 62.5 Ma India-Seychelles continental breakup and Panvel flexure formation.In the Dongri-Uttan area,two samples of a>50-m-thick,columnar-jointed rhyolite from the Darkhan Quarry and from a section behind the current Uttan Sagari Police Station have previously been dated at 62.6±0.6 Ma and 62.9±0.2 Ma(^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar,2r errors).New exposures reveal that these two statistically indistinguishable 40 Ar/39 Ar ages correspond to two distinct rhyolite units,separated by well-bedded silicic ash.The columnar rhyolites are microcrystalline,composed of quartz and alkali feldspar,with rare small(1–2 mm),altered feldspar phenocrysts,and no recognisable relict vitroclasts.Given the westerly structural dip,most of their lateral extent is submerged under the Arabian Sea,and we consider them to be possible flood rhyolite lavas.We interpret the ash beds,composed of pumice clasts and glass shards,as a low-grade(nonwelded)vitric ash,derived from a possibly distal Plinian eruption and deposited by fallout.The lavas and ash are peraluminous rhyolites.The lavas are Sr-Ba-poor and Rb-Zr-Nb-rich,and show“seagull-shaped”rare earth element patterns with deep negative europium anomalies.These crystal-poor lavas are“hot-dry-reduced”rhyolites typical of intraplate,continental rift and rifted margin settings.The very different high-field strength element contents of the lavas and the ash indicate compositionally distinct magma batches.The 62.5 Ma Dongri-Uttan sequence provides clear evidence for rapid silicic eruptions of effusive and explosive nature,alternating with each other and sourced from distinct magma chambers and eruptive vents.A newly identified,highly feldspar-phyric trachyte intrusion marks the last phase of magmatic activity in the area,corresponding with late-stage trachyte-syenite intrusions exposed in coastal western India and the Seychelles,and shows that the Mumbai rhyolites and trachytes form a compositional continuum.
基金funded by SINOPEC Science and Technology Research Program (project Nos:P24226, P24077)Northwest Oil Field Company,SINOPEC.
文摘The Cambrian platform margin in the Tarim Basin boasts favorable source-reservoir-cap assemblages,making it a significant target for hydrocarbon exploration in ultra-to extra-deep facies-controlled for-mations.Of the three major basins in western China,Tarim is the only basin with large-scale platform margin where no exploration breakthrough has been achieved yet.This study determines the vertical and lateral differential evolution of the platform margin(in the Manxi area hereafter referred to as the Cambrian Manxi platform margin)through fine-scale sequence stratigraphic division and a segmented analysis.The platform margin can be divided into the Yuqi,Tahe,Shunbei,and Gucheng segments,from north to south,based on the development of different ancient landforms and the evolutionary process of the platform.The Yuqi and Shunbei segments exhibit relatively low-elevation ancient landforms.Both segments were in a submarine buildup stage during the Early Cambrian,resulting in overall limited scales of their reservoirs.The Gucheng segment features the highest-elevation ancient landforms and accordingly limited accommodation spaces.As a result,the rapid lateral migration of high-energy facies zones leads to the development of large-scale reservoirs with only limited thicknesses.In contrast,the Tahe segment,exhibiting comparatively high-elevation ancient landforms,is identified as the most favorable segment for the formation of large-scale reservoirs.The cap rocks of the platform margin are dominated by back-reef dolomitic flats and tight carbonate rocks formed in transgressive periods.A comprehensive evaluation of source rocks,reservoirs,and cap rocks indicates that the Tahe segment boasts the optimal hydrocarbon accumulation conditions along the platform margin.In this segment,the Shayilike Formation transgressive deposits and the high-energy mound-shoal complexes along the platform margin of the Wusonggeer Formation constitute the optimal reservoir-cap rock assemblage,establishing this segment as the most promising target for hydrocarbon exploration in the platform margin.
文摘BACKGROUND Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage is one of the most severe and life-threatening complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy.We present four cases of gastrointestinal bleeding patients to clarify its appropriate treatment and prevention.CASE SUMMARY The main symptoms included black stool,hematochezia,haematemesis,blood in the nasogastric tube,and hemorrhagic shock.The mean age was 66.25 years old and the median onset time was 340 d after the surgery.The bleeding location comprised gastrointestinal anastomosis,bile duct-jejunum anastomosis,and extraluminal bleeding.The possible causes included marginal ulcer,jejunal varix,and abdominal infection.Endoscopic hemostatic clips,as well as a covered stent using angiography,were utilized to stop the bleeding and three patients survived.Only one patient died of gastrointestinal bleeding,abdominal bleeding,abdominal infection,hypovolemic shock,and disseminated intravascular coagulation.CONCLUSION Early and effective endoscopic intervention is the key to successful hemostasis in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding after pancreatoduodenectomy.
文摘Objective:Microscopically positive resection margins(R1)in gastric cancer have been associated with poor outcomes,but evidence regarding its prognostic significance across different stages remains inconsistent.This study investigated the impact of R1 resection on survival outcomes and evaluated the prognostic significance of detailed pathological characteristics of margin involvement.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed 10,165 patients who underwent curative-intent gastrectomy for gastric cancer between 2007 and 2021.Propensity score matching was performed at a 1:3 ratio between R1(n=45)and R0(n=130)cases.For R1 margins,detailed pathological assessment included involvement length,proportion,depth,and histological features.Survival outcomes were evaluated across all stages,and the impact of subsequent resection was analyzed.Results:After propensity score matching,R1 resection showed significantly lower 5-year overall survival rates compared to R0 resection across all stages(stageⅠ:60.0%vs.90.9%,P=0.008;stageⅡ:40.0%vs.83.3%,P=0.001;stageⅢ:20.0%vs.35.4%,P<0.001).In R1 cases,tumor involvement length≤1 cm(P<0.001),proportion≤10%(P=0.012),and mucosal-only involvement(P=0.004)were associated with better survival.Patients who underwent subsequent resection to achieve R0 status showed better survival than those with persistent R1 resection(53.8%vs.26.7%,P<0.001)and comparable survival to matched R0 cases(53.8%vs.46.9%,P=0.320).Conclusions:R1 resection significantly impairs survival across all stages of gastric cancer,with the extent and depth of microscopic involvement influencing prognosis.When R1 status is discovered postoperatively,subsequent resection should be considered to improve survival outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31600479,32371576)the Key R&D Program of Yunnan Province(202403AC100028)+1 种基金the Youth Academic and Technical Leading Talent Reserve Program in Yunnan Province(202405AC350012)the 14th Five-Year Plans of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences(XTBG-1450101,E3ZKFF2B01).
文摘Climate change has significantly increased the frequency and severity of droughts and risk of tree death worldwide.Differences in leaf habit,plant size,and species diversity are associated with differences in the risk of drought-induced mortality,but the relative contributions of these factors to the risk of mortality are unclear.In a study of the mortality of tree and shrub species during the extreme drought of 2019 in a savanna ecosystem in Southwest China,we assessed the relative contributions of evergreen and deciduous leaf habit,plant size,and species richness and diversity to the mortality of shrubs and trees after the 2019 extreme drought.The deciduous species had significantly lower hydraulic safety margins than the coexisting evergreen species,resulting in a higher mortality risk.Additionally,species and individuals with taller canopies tended to have deeper root systems,an advantage during extreme drought that reduced mortality risk.Notably,mortality risk was largely independent of stand species richness and diversity.Overall,leaf habit and plant height were better predictors of mortality risk than species richness and diversity.These novel insights provide a better understanding of the mechanisms driving drought-induced mortality in the ecosystems with a low canopy and weak interspecific and intraspecific competition for shared resources.Leaf habit and tree size should be incorporated into hypotheses on the mechanisms underlying drought-induced tree mortality.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Heilongjiang Province of China(C2016003)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2015M581415)Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(LBH-Z15005)。
文摘The trace element selenium(Se)occurs naturally throughout the earth.Se deficiency has been linked to impaired breast health and other diseases in human and animals.Compared to severe Se deficiency,marginal dietary Se deficiency accusers more frequently in low-Se regions.Therefore,to investigate the Se status and inflammatory response of the mammary gland under marginal dietary Se levels,an lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced mouse mastitis model was established.Mice were fed with moderate Se diet(0.087 mg•kg^(-1) Se),adequate Se diet(0.15 mg•kg^(-1) Se)or excessive Se diet(1.5 mg•kg^(-1) Se)for 60 days.Se status and inflammatory factors were investigated.Results showed that the Se status of mammary gland correlated with dietary Se levels.Marginal Se deficiency exacerbated mammary tissue histopathology;increased the mRNA level of inflammatory genes tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2);and enhanced the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in mammary gland tissues.Supplementation of Se in diet higher than recommended levels reduced the inflammatory reaction of mammary glands in LPS-induced mastitis model and provided a protective effect.
文摘Recently,Luolai Group released its Q12025 quarterly report.As a leading Chinese home textile enterprise listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2009,the company covers the research,design,production,and sales of home textile products,and has multiple brands covering different consumer markets.It has expanded its online and offline comprehensive multichannel sales system and is committed to creating a win-win home furnishings and textile industry ecosystem.
文摘In semi-arid regions where climatic limitations hinder open-field vegetable production,greenhouse-based lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)cultivation plays a vital role in ensuring off-season supply.In this study,the potential of sustainable input combinations was evaluated to enhance lettuce productivity,quality,and profitability under unheated greenhouse conditions in Southeastern Türkiye.Treatments included farmer practice and a mycorrhizal biofertilizer(ERS,a water-soluble arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus product)applied alone or in combination with organic-based biostimulants(IS and NM).Evaluated parameters were plant height,leaf pigmentation(a^(*),h°),SPAD values,vitamin C,nitrogen and phosphorus content,and gross margin.The ERS2+IS&NM treatment significantly enhanced plant height(32.5 cm),vitamin C content(28.63 mg 100 g^(−1) FW),and gross margin($616.09 da^(−1)),along with improved nutrient uptake and leaf coloration.These findings highlight the synergistic benefits of integrating mycorrhizal inoculants with organic-based biostimulants in greenhouse-grown lettuce systems.The results contribute to the development of eco-friendly,climate-resilient production strategies for protected cultivation in semi-arid environments.
基金supported by the General Research Fund,Hong Kong Research Grants Council(17109123,17116521 and 27111820)the Mainland-Hong Kong Joint Funding Scheme(MHP/104/22)and the Health and Medical Research Fund(20212601 and 19201121).
文摘Type I interferon(IFN-I)is highly prevalent in autoimmune disorders and is intricately involved in disease pathogenesis,including Sjögren's disease(SjD),also known as Sjögren's syndrome.Although the T follicular helper(Tfh)cell response has been shown to drive SjD development in a mouse model of experimental Sjögren's syndrome(ESS),the connection between IFN-I and the Tfh cell response remains unclear.As the activation of stimulator of interferon genes(STING)induces IFN-I production,we first demonstrated that mice deficient in STING or IFN-I signaling presented diminished Tfh cells and were completely resistant to ESS development.However,the STING-IFN-I axis does not directly influence Tfh cell differentiation.Instead,IFN-I signaling in B cells was essential for mounting Tfh cell responses,as evidenced in Cd19CreIfnar1flox mice,which also showed resistance to ESS development.Mechanistic analyses revealed that IFN-I drove CXCR5 expression in innate-like marginal zone B cells via the MEKK3-OCT2 axis,facilitating their migration into the follicular area.Additionally,IFN-I promoted interleukin-6 production in B cells via the MEKK3-ERK5 axis,resulting in hyperactive Tfh cell responses.In SjD patients,STING activation was predominantly observed in circulating CD14+monocytes and was positively correlated with disease activity and effector T-cell responses.Pharmaceutical inhibition of either STING or IFNAR1 yielded moderate improvements in ESS mice with chronic inflammation,but combination therapy markedly improved outcomes and led to signs of disease remission.Our findings elucidate a novel mechanism by which IFN-I bridges innate and Tfh cell responses,suggesting new therapeutic avenues for SjD and related autoimmune disorders.
基金supported by the Guangdong Pearl River Talent Program(No.017TZ07Z066)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.2019QZKK0701)+4 种基金the Southern Marine Laboratory(Zhuhai)Innovative R&D Program(No.311021003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42106067)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2022A1515010090)Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory(No.SSOP202102)Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(No.202102020456).
文摘Magmatism at continental margins is of great significance in understanding the continental rifting.We present a twodimensional P-wave velocity model derived from an ocean bottom seismometer experiment,conducted across the middle northern continental margin of the South China Sea(SCS).The detailed velocity structures reveal significant heterogeneities extending from the continental shelf to the continent-ocean transition zone.The crust exhibits its greatest thickness below the continental shelf,measuring~23 km and gradually thins to~13 km at the distal margin.Furthermore,a narrow and distinct continent-ocean transition with only 40-km width is revealed.We also observe a high-velocity layer within the transition zone,reaching thickness of up to 4 km,characterized by P-wave velocities ranging from 7.0 km/s to 7.6 km/s in the lower crust.Based on the syn-rift melt generation using decompression melting model,we ascertain that syn-rift magmatism cannot fully account for the observed thick high-velocity layer.By integrating findings from previous geophysical and geochemical studies presenting extensive volcanic edifice on the seafloor at the northern margin,as well as ocean-island-basalt-type magmaticsamples in the SCS area,we propose that post-rifting magmatism associated with the Hainan Plume may have influenced theformation of the high-velocity lower crust within the transition zone and the northern margin of the SCS can thus be recognizedas magma-poor type margin.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42002150)the Open Foundation of Cooperative Innovation Center of Unconventional Oil and Gas,Yangtze University(Ministry of Education&Hubei Province,Grant No.UOG2024-12)+1 种基金the Open Foundation Project of the Key Laboratory of Polar Geology and Marine Mineral Resources(China University of Geosciences,Beijing,China),Ministry of Education(Grant No.PGMR-2023-201)the National Key Research Program of China(Grant No.2017ZX05032-002)。
文摘Compared to discrete continental marginal basins,the mechanisms of hydrocarbon migration and enrichment in transform continental marginal basins are poorly understood.In this study,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the main source rocks,reservoirs,and vertical migration pathways within the Rovuma(RB)and Tanzania(TB)basins in East Africa utilizing drilling,logging,seismic,and geochemical data.The results indicate that the enhanced preservation conditions of the Lower Jurassic source rocks in the southwest could lead to the discovery of large natural gas fields in the southern TB and RB.The primary reservoir is a deep-water turbidite sandstone.Due to topographic differences,the expanse of the turbidite sandstones in the RB is significantly larger than those in Tanzania.The main vertical migration pathways are the western boundary fault zone of the Kerimbas Graben(WBFZ)and the Seagap fault zone(SFZ).In the RB,natural gas migrates vertically along the WBFZ and preferentially accumulates in the deep-water turbidite sandstones of the footwall under the control of the fluid potential.Conversely,in the southern TB,the deep natural gas first migrates upward along the SFZ,then moves along the shallow branch faults in the sandstones on both sides of the SFZ.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82373817 and 82003659)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(No.23ZR1477500)Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai(No.YC-2023-0401)。
文摘As PEGylated liposomes have witnessed remarkable advancements in drug delivery,their immunogenicity has emerged as a notable challenge.In this study,we discovered that a simple pre-injection of folic acid(FA)effectively mitigated the immunogenicity of PEGylated liposomes and enhanced their in vivo performance by tolerating splenic marginal zone B cells.FA specifically inhibited the internalization of PEGylated liposomes by splenic marginal zone B cells,thereby reducing splenic lymphocyte proliferation and specific IgM secretion.This modulation alleviated Ig M-mediated accelerated blood clearance and adverse accumulation of the PEGylated liposomes in the skin.These findings provide new insights into the immunomodulatory effects of FA and promising avenues to enhance the efficacy and safety of PEGylated liposomal nanomedicines.
