Ferroptosis can serve as a potent strategy for regulating cell death via lipid peroxidation and the imbalance of the antioxidant system resulting from iron accumulation in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)therapy.Ho...Ferroptosis can serve as a potent strategy for regulating cell death via lipid peroxidation and the imbalance of the antioxidant system resulting from iron accumulation in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)therapy.However,the ferroptosis accompanied with down-regulation of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)lead to CD36-mediated tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells uptaking fatty acids,resulting in the negative action on immunotherapeutic efficacy.Herein,the albumin nanoparticles,abbreviated as LHS NPs,were designed by co-assembly of hemin,linoleic acid-cystamine,and a CD36 inhibitor sulfosuccinimide oleate,to bi-directionally manipulated ferroptosis in tumor and CD8^(+)T cells for TNBC therapy.LHS NPs exerted more efficient reactive oxygen species generation,glutathione depletion and malondialdehyde production by the combinatory strategy of classical and non-classical ferroptosis modes,which amplified the positive action on ferroptosis in tumor cells.Meanwhile,LHS manipulated the negative action of ferroptosis by inhibiting the CD36 mediated-lipid peroxidation in CD8^(+)T cells,thereby activating the immunotherapeutic efficacy with the improvements on induction of immunogenic cell death,proliferation of CD4+CD8^(+)T cells and natural killer cells,alleviation immunosuppressive regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells,and repolarization of the M2-to M1-phenotype tumor-associated macrophages.Thus,LHS NPs demonstrated an improved antitumor efficacy in suppressing the tumor growth and lungmetastasis of 4T1-tumormice.Our work gives novel insights for the bi-directionally manipulating ferroptosis in tumor and CD8^(+)T cells on TNBC chemoimmunotherapy.展开更多
Spinal cord injury（SCI）is a devastating ailment that results in drastic life style alterations for the patients and their family members（Mc Donald and Sadowsky,2002）.Damage post injury causes necrosis,edema,hemorr...Spinal cord injury（SCI）is a devastating ailment that results in drastic life style alterations for the patients and their family members（Mc Donald and Sadowsky,2002）.Damage post injury causes necrosis,edema,hemorrhage and vasospasm.Post injury,secondary damage is caused by ischemia,展开更多
BACKGROUND Alopecia areata(AA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by hair loss.AA appears in extensive forms,such as progressive and diffusing hair loss(diffuse AA),a total loss of scalp hair(alopecia totalis...BACKGROUND Alopecia areata(AA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by hair loss.AA appears in extensive forms,such as progressive and diffusing hair loss(diffuse AA),a total loss of scalp hair(alopecia totalis),and complete loss of hair over the entire body(alopecia universalis).Recently,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been identified as a therapeutic alternative for autoimmune diseases.For this reason,preclinical and case studies of AA and related diseases using MSCs have been conducted.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 55-year-old woman suffered from AA in two areas of the scalp.She was given 15 rounds of minimally manipulated umbilical cord-MSCs(MM-UC-MSCs)over 6 mo.The AA gradually improved 3 mo after the first round.The patient was cured,and AA did not recur.Case 2:A 30-year-old woman,with history of local steroid hormone injections,suffered from AA in one area on the scalp.She was given two rounds of MM-UC-MSCs over 1 mo.The AA immediately improved after the first round.The patient was cured,and AA did not recur.Case 3:A 20-year-old woman,who was diagnosed with alopecia universalis at the age of 12,was given 14 rounds of MM-UC-MSCs over 12 mo.Her hair began to grow about 3 mo after the first round.The patient was cured,and alopecia universalis did not recur.CONCLUSION MM-UC-MSC transplantation potentially treats patients who suffer from AA and related diseases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that usually manifests as a red scaly epidermis,induration,and hyperproliferation of basal keratinocytes.About 2%of the world’s population suffers from psoriasis b...BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that usually manifests as a red scaly epidermis,induration,and hyperproliferation of basal keratinocytes.About 2%of the world’s population suffers from psoriasis but there are no clear therapeutics yet.Recently,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been regarded as a therapeutic alternative for autoimmune diseases,as they possess immunosuppressive effects without risks.Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs effectively regulate immune cells and are characterized by low immunogenicity,which has many advantages in treating immune diseases.CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 47-year-old male,diagnosed with psoriasis in 1995.He had received various treatments for 25 years,but the psoriatic condition was not significantly improved.He was given three rounds of minimally manipulated umbilical cord-derived MSCs over 2 wk.The erythema gradually disappeared.Three months after the 1st round,all erythema completely disappeared,and the psoriasis did not recur.CONCLUSION Minimally manipulated umbilical cord-derived MSC transplantation can potentially treat patients who suffer from psoriasis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Stroke is one of the major causes of disability and death worldwide.Some treatments for stroke exist,but existing treatment methods have limitations such as difficulty in the regeneration of damaged neurona...BACKGROUND Stroke is one of the major causes of disability and death worldwide.Some treatments for stroke exist,but existing treatment methods have limitations such as difficulty in the regeneration of damaged neuronal cells of the brain.Recently,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been studied as a therapeutic alternative for stroke,and various preclinical and case studies have been reported.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old man suffered an acute stroke,causing paralysis in the left upper and lower limbs.He intravenously transplanted the minimally manipulated human umbilical cord-derived MSCs(MM-UC-MSCs)twice with an 8-d interval.At 65 wk after transplantation,the patient returned to his previous occupation as a veterinarian with no adverse reactions.CONCLUSION MM-UC-MSCs transplantation potentially treats patients who suffer from acute ischemic stroke.展开更多
A single particle magneto-confined in a one-dimensional （1D） quantum wire experiences a harmonic potential, and imposing a sharply focused laser beam on an appropriate site shapes a δ potential. The theoretical inv...A single particle magneto-confined in a one-dimensional （1D） quantum wire experiences a harmonic potential, and imposing a sharply focused laser beam on an appropriate site shapes a δ potential. The theoretical investigation has demonstrated that for a sufficiently strong δ pulse the quantum motional stationary state of the particle is one of the eigenstates of the free harmonic oscillator, and it is determined by the site of the laser beam uniquely, namely a quantum state is admissible if and only if the laser site is one of its nodes. The numerical computation shows that all the nodes of the lower energy states with quantum numbers n ≤ 20, except the coordinate origin, are mutually different. So we can manipulate the multiphoton transitions between the quantum states by adjusting the position of the laser δ pulse and realize the transition from an unknown higher excitation state to a required lower energy state.展开更多
Dear Editor,Viruses of the genus Orthoebolavirus cause sporadic outbreaks of severe haemorrhagic fever,with case fatality rates ranging from 25%to 90%(Mahanty and Bray,2004).Six species of the virus(Orthoebolavirus za...Dear Editor,Viruses of the genus Orthoebolavirus cause sporadic outbreaks of severe haemorrhagic fever,with case fatality rates ranging from 25%to 90%(Mahanty and Bray,2004).Six species of the virus(Orthoebolavirus zairense,sudanense,bundibugyoense,taiense,restonense,and bombaliense)have so far been identified(Biedenkopf et al.,2023).Among these,Orthoebolavirus zairense,commonly known as Ebola virus(EBOV),stands out as the most virulent.Given its high contagiousness and lethality,EBOV must be manipulated under biosafety level 4(BSL-4)conditions,as stipulated by the the People's Republic of China's list of human pathogenic microorganisms(National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,2023).Prior to being removed from a BSL-4 laboratory,it is imperative that infectious EBOV undergoes complete inactivation.Here we systematically evaluate viral thermostability under BSL-4 containment conditions,demonstrating EBOV's marked thermotolerance.展开更多
Vanadium pentoxide(V_(2)O_(5))displays the characteristics of high theoretical specific capacity,high operating voltage,and adjustable layered structure,possessing the considerable potential as cathode in magnesium me...Vanadium pentoxide(V_(2)O_(5))displays the characteristics of high theoretical specific capacity,high operating voltage,and adjustable layered structure,possessing the considerable potential as cathode in magnesium metal batteries(MMBs).Nevertheless,the large charge-radius ratio of Mg^(2+)induces the strong interactions of Mg^(2+)with solvent molecules of electrolyte and anionic framework of cathode,resulting in a notable voltage polarization and structural deterioration during cycling process.Herein,an in-situ multi-scale structural engineering is proposed to activate the interlayer-expanded V_(2)O_(5)cathode(pillared by tetrabutylammonium cation)via adding hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)additive into electrolyte.During cycling,the in-situ incorporation of CTA^(+)not only enhances the electrostatic shielding effect and Mg species migration,but also stabilizes the interlayer spacing.Besides,CTA^(+)is prone to be adsorbed on cathode surface and induces the loss-free pulverization and amorphization of electroactive grains,leading to the pronounced effect of intercalation pseudocapacitance.CTAB additive also enables to scissor the Mg^(2+)solvation sheath and tailor the insertion mode of Mg species,further endowing V_(2)O_(5)cathode with fast reaction kinetics.Based on these merits,the corresponding V2O5‖Mg full cells exhibit the remarkable rate performance with capacities as high as 317.6,274.4,201.1,and 132.7 mAh g^(-1)at the high current densities of 0.1,0.2,0.5,and 1 A g^(-1),respectively.Moreover,after 1000 cycles,the capacity is still preserved to be 90,4 mAh g^(-1)at 1 A g^(-1)with an average coulombic efficiency of~100%.Our strategy of synergetic modulations of cathode host and electrolyte solvation structures provides new guidance for the development of high-rate,large-capacity,and long-life MMBs.展开更多
Animals exhibit complex responses to external and internal stimuli.The information is computed by interconnected neurons that express numerous ion channels,which modulate the neuronal membrane potential.How can neuron...Animals exhibit complex responses to external and internal stimuli.The information is computed by interconnected neurons that express numerous ion channels,which modulate the neuronal membrane potential.How can neuronal activity orchestrate complex motor patterns or allow learning from previous experience?To answer such questions,we need the ability not only to record,but also to modulate neuronal activity in both space(e.g.,neuronal subsets)and time.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:In recent years,the number of clinical research reports on acupuncture and manipulation for the treatment of greater occipital neuralgia has gradually increased,but the quality is uneven.There is currently n...OBJECTIVE:In recent years,the number of clinical research reports on acupuncture and manipulation for the treatment of greater occipital neuralgia has gradually increased,but the quality is uneven.There is currently no literature evaluating the quality of published reports,which is not conducive to the promotion of clinical use of these therapies.Therefore,this article assessed the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials on acupuncture and manipulation for greater occipital neuralgia.METHODS:Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP,WanFang Data,and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database(CBM)from inception to May 20,2024 were searched.The reporting quality of included randomized controlled trials was independently evaluated by two investigators using the CONSORT statement,STRICTA checklist,and Cochrane bias of risk assessment tool.A third investigator resolved any disagreement.RESULTS:A total of 62 articles were included.Based on the CONSORT statement,59.46%(22/37)of all entries had a reporting rate of less than 50%,mainly including“Identification as a randomized trial in the title(1/62,1.61%),”“How sample size was determined(7/62,11.29%),”“Implementation(1/62,1.61%),”“Blinding(1/62,1.61%),”and“Reports of Funding(4/62,6.45%).”According to the STRICTA checklist,29.41%(5/17)of all entries had a reporting rate of less than 50%,mainly including“Details of other interventions(7/58,12.07%),”“Setting and context of treatment(0/58,0%),”and“Description of participating acupuncturists(0/58,0%).”CONCLUSION:The reporting quality of randomized controlled trials on acupuncture and manipulation therapy for greater occipital neuralgia remains low.Future researchers need to make greater efforts to strictly adhere to the CONSORT statement and STRICTA checklist during trial design,implementation,and reporting.This will facilitate the standardization of research in this field and enhance the reliability and reproducibility of the research results.展开更多
Optical field manipulation,an emerging frontier in photonics,demonstrates significant potential in biomedical microscopy,quantum state engineering,and micro-nano fabrication.To address the critical limitations of curr...Optical field manipulation,an emerging frontier in photonics,demonstrates significant potential in biomedical microscopy,quantum state engineering,and micro-nano fabrication.To address the critical limitations of current optical modulation technologies in achieving full-parameter precision control,we proposed a novel approach for dynamic azimuthal optical field modulation based on dual-spiral arrays.By designing spatially interleaved spiral structures with different initial radii while maintaining identical periodic parameters,we achieved continuous optical modulation spanning the full 0-2πrange in azimuthal field distribution.Through rigorous numerical simulations,we systematically established a quantitative correlation between the structural parameters and azimuthal optical field patterns,revealing,for the first time,a quasi-linear relationship between the radius difference and the resultant optical distribution.This theoretical framework advances our fundamental understanding of structured optical field manipulation as well as provides a new paradigm for programmable photonic device design,with distinct technical advantages in super-resolution imaging and optical tweezer systems.展开更多
Purpose–The study aims to build a high-precision longitudinal dynamics model for heavy-haul trains and validate it with line test data,present an optimization method for multi-stage cyclic brakes based on the model a...Purpose–The study aims to build a high-precision longitudinal dynamics model for heavy-haul trains and validate it with line test data,present an optimization method for multi-stage cyclic brakes based on the model and conduct a multi-objective detailed evaluation of the driver’s manipulation during cyclic braking.Design/methodology/approach–The high-precision longitudinal train dynamics model was established and verified by the cyclic braking test data of the 20,000 t heavy-haul combination train on the long and steep downgrade.Then the genetic algorithm is employed for optimization subsequent to decoupling multiple cyclic braking procedures,with due consideration of driver operation rules.For evaluation,key manipulation assessments in the scenario are prioritized,supplemented by multi-objective evaluation requirements,and the computational model is employed for detailed evaluation analysis.Findings–Based on the model,experimental data reveal that the probability of longitudinal force error being less than 64.6 kN is approximately 68%,95%for less than 129.2 kN and 99.7%for less than 193.8 kN.Upon optimizing manipulations during the cyclic braking,the maximum reduction in coupler force spans from 21%∼23.9%.Andtheevaluation scoresimply that a proper elevationof the releasingspeed favorssafety.A high electric braking force,although beneficial to some extent for energy-saving,is detrimental to reducing coupler force.Originality/value–The results will provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for further ensuring the safety and energy-efficient operation of heavy haul trains on long downhill sections and improving the operational quality of heavy-haul trains.展开更多
This paper is an attempt to explore the root of the modern paradox across multiple registers in order to uncover a persuasive pattern of contradiction that runs through the very fabric of contemporary existence.We dis...This paper is an attempt to explore the root of the modern paradox across multiple registers in order to uncover a persuasive pattern of contradiction that runs through the very fabric of contemporary existence.We discover that the very logic meant to emancipate the human subject-scientific mastery,bureaucratic order,economic growth,and many others,often recoil upon the subject,generating conditions of fragmentation,depersonalization,and spiritual aridity.Far from rejecting modernity wholesale,our task is a diagnostic one-to enter into the deep fabric of modernity and to decode its operating metaphors and interrogate what holds up the“scaffolding of collective life”.This is in a bid to find the rootedness of genuine human flourishing.Part of the answer,from our analysis,lies in a critical re-thinking within modernity without being subsumed by it.展开更多
Objective:To characterize mosquito larval habitats and the influence of meteorological factors on their prevalence,and to suggest alternatives for vector control in Makkah Al-Mukarramah.Methods:A mosquito survey was c...Objective:To characterize mosquito larval habitats and the influence of meteorological factors on their prevalence,and to suggest alternatives for vector control in Makkah Al-Mukarramah.Methods:A mosquito survey was conducted within the 16 municipalities of Makkah Al-Mukarramah,from November 2022 to October 2023.The characteristics of larval habitats used by all reported species as oviposition sites were determined.Seasonal house,container,and breteau indices were used to determine larval abundance.Results:16 Species belonging to five genera[Aedes(3 spp.),Anopheles(3 spp.),Culex(8 spp.),Culiseta(1 sp.),and Lutzia(1 sp.)]were collected.A total of 185608 potential mosquito larval habitats were surveyed.Of these,95853(67.4%)were Aedes,45522(32%)were Culex,718(0.5%)were Anopheles,and 38(0.03%)were other species;154726(83.4%)were water sources for mosquito larvae,and among these sources,7663(5.0%)were positive for larvae,with 45.9%indoors and 54.1%outdoors.Most of the positive larval habitats were recorded in Al-Shawqiya(1093,14.3%),Al-Sharayia(1003,13.1%)and Al-Umrah(984,12.8%).A total of 142131 mosquito larvae and pupae were collected.The majority number of positive residences for all mosquito larvae was observed in January 2023(1658,21.6%).Conclusions:New appropriate alternatives for vector control are proposed,such as mechanical,biological,and environmental control.展开更多
Serial-parallel manipulators are of great interest to academic community in recent years,especially those composed of classical parallel mechanisms.There have been many studies around 2(3RPS)and 2(3SPR)S-PMs,but unfor...Serial-parallel manipulators are of great interest to academic community in recent years,especially those composed of classical parallel mechanisms.There have been many studies around 2(3RPS)and 2(3SPR)S-PMs,but unfortunately their inverse kinematics have not yet been resolved.This paper discovers that the unknown kinematic parameters of middle platform are responsible for the unresolvable of inverse kinematics,meanwhile the unknown kinematic parameters of middle platform also have huge coupling relationships.Therefore,to break through this challenges,the huge coupling relationships are decoupled layer by layer,the kinematic parameters of middle platform are solved by combining Sylvester's elimination method,and the inverse displacements of 2(3RPS)and 2(3SPR)S-PMs are obtained subsequently.This paper not only solves the inverse kinematics of classical 2(3RPS)and 2(3SPR)S-PMs,but also reveals the essence of the inverse kinematics of general(3-DOF)+(3-DOF)6-DOF S-PMs and proposes a corresponding solution.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the effects of Visceral Manipulation combined with Enhanced Recovery after Surgery on postoperative recovery in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery,and to evaluate its impacts on in...[Objectives]To investigate the effects of Visceral Manipulation combined with Enhanced Recovery after Surgery on postoperative recovery in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery,and to evaluate its impacts on inflammatory stress response,gastrointestinal motility recovery,and blood oxygen levels.[Methods]A prospective randomized controlled design was adopted.Eighty patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group(40 cases)and a control group(40 cases).The observation group received Visceral Manipulation therapy in addition to routine Enhanced Recovery after Surgery care,while the control group received only routine Enhanced Recovery after Surgery care.Clinical indicators,inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,hs-CRP),traumatic stress hormones(cortisol,epinephrine,norepinephrine),gastrointestinal motility indicators(GAS,MTL,GIP),and blood oxygen levels were measured and compared between the two groups on postoperative days 1,5,and 10.[Results]The observation group showed significantly better outcomes in postoperative abdominal distension,time to first flatus and defecation,and hospital stay compared to the control group(P<0.05).Inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,hs-CRP),traumatic stress hormones(cortisol,epinephrine,norepinephrine),and gastrointestinal motility indicators(GAS,MTL,GIP)were significantly improved in the observation group(P<0.05).Postoperative blood oxygen levels were also significantly higher in the observation group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Visceral Manipulation combined with Enhanced Recovery after Surgery can significantly improve postoperative recovery in gastrointestinal surgery patients,alleviate inflammatory stress responses,promote gastrointestinal functional recovery,and enhance blood oxygen levels,demonstrating promising clinical application prospects.展开更多
The existing research on rescue robots has focused mainly on reconnaissance,detection,and firefighting,and a small number of robots that can achieve human rescue have problems such as poor safety and stability and ins...The existing research on rescue robots has focused mainly on reconnaissance,detection,and firefighting,and a small number of robots that can achieve human rescue have problems such as poor safety and stability and insufficient carrying capacity.This article addresses the above issues and cleverly combines the advantages of soft robotic arms,underactuated robotic arms,and suction cups based on the principles of bionics.A new design for a robotic arm was proposed,and its working principle was explained.Then,the human rescue process was divided into two stages,and the grasping force of the robotic arm in each stage was analyzed separately.Finally,a prototype of the principle was developed,and the feasibility of the design principle of the robotic arm was verified through grasping experiments on a cross-sectional contour model of the human chest.At the same time,grasping experiments were conducted on different objects to demonstrate the potential application of the robotic arm in grasping ground objects.This research proposes a stress envelope adsorption rescue robot arm inspired by the adhesion ability of the Drosera plant and the stress envelope effect,which can apply force to the entire surface of the human body,reduce local force on the human body,ensure load-bearing capacity and adaptability,and improve the safety and stability of rescue grasping.展开更多
The original intention of the algorithmic recommender system is to grapple with the negative impacts caused by information overload,but the system also can be used as"hypernudge",a new form of online manipul...The original intention of the algorithmic recommender system is to grapple with the negative impacts caused by information overload,but the system also can be used as"hypernudge",a new form of online manipulation,to inten⁃tionally exploit people's cognitive and decision-making gaps to influence their decisions in practice,which is particu⁃larly detrimental to the sustainable development of the digital market.Limiting harmful algorithmic online manipula⁃tion in digital markets has become a challenging task.Globally,both the EU and China have responded to this issue,and the differences between them are so evident that their governance measures can serve as the typical case.The EU focuses on improving citizens'digital literacy and their ability to integrate into digital social life to independently ad⁃dress this issue,and expects to address harmful manipulation behavior through binding and applicable hard law,which is part of the digital strategy.By comparison,although there exist certain legal norms that have made relevant stipula⁃tions on manipulation issues,China continues to issue specific departmental regulations to regulate algorithmic recom⁃mender services,and pays more attention to addressing collective harm caused by algorithmic online manipulation through a multiple co-governance approach led by the government or industry associations to implement supervision.展开更多
Nanomaterials provide an ideal platform for biomolecular display due to their dimensions approach the molecular scale,facilitating binding behavior akin to that observed in solution-based processes.DNA nanoprobes hold...Nanomaterials provide an ideal platform for biomolecular display due to their dimensions approach the molecular scale,facilitating binding behavior akin to that observed in solution-based processes.DNA nanoprobes hold great promise as miniature detectives capable of detecting mi RNAs within cells.However,current nanoprobes face a challenge in achieving the required precision for accurate miRNA detection,particularly within the intricate confines of the cellular microenvironment,due to interference with biological autofluorescence,off-target effects,and a lack of spatiotemporal control.Here,we have designed a dual-stimuli responsive DNA tracker,synergistically utilizing specific intracellular cues and external triggers,which enables spatiotemporal-controlled and precise detection and imaging of miRNAs"on demand".The tracker,which combines zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67)and unique hairpin DNA structures,effectively anchored onto the ZIF-67 through electrostatic interactions,remains in a dormant state until activated by abundant cellular ATP,resulting in the release of the hairpin structures that include a PC linker incorporated into the loop region.Subsequent irradiation triggers specific recognition of the target miRNA.The newly developed HP-PC-BT@ZIF-67 tracker demonstrates precise spatiotemporal mi RNA detection and exhibits excellent biocompatibility,enabling specific mi RNA recognition"on demand"within cancer cells.This research presents a reliable mi RNA imaging platform in the intricate cellular environment,opening up the possibilities for precise biomedical analysis and disease diagnosis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(NO.82260699)the Science and Technology Leading Talents of Ningxia(NO.2022GKLRLX011)the West Light Foundation of The Chinese Academy of Sciences(the Science and Technology Department of Ningxia,Department of Science and Technology Cooperation[2021]NO.2).
文摘Ferroptosis can serve as a potent strategy for regulating cell death via lipid peroxidation and the imbalance of the antioxidant system resulting from iron accumulation in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)therapy.However,the ferroptosis accompanied with down-regulation of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)lead to CD36-mediated tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells uptaking fatty acids,resulting in the negative action on immunotherapeutic efficacy.Herein,the albumin nanoparticles,abbreviated as LHS NPs,were designed by co-assembly of hemin,linoleic acid-cystamine,and a CD36 inhibitor sulfosuccinimide oleate,to bi-directionally manipulated ferroptosis in tumor and CD8^(+)T cells for TNBC therapy.LHS NPs exerted more efficient reactive oxygen species generation,glutathione depletion and malondialdehyde production by the combinatory strategy of classical and non-classical ferroptosis modes,which amplified the positive action on ferroptosis in tumor cells.Meanwhile,LHS manipulated the negative action of ferroptosis by inhibiting the CD36 mediated-lipid peroxidation in CD8^(+)T cells,thereby activating the immunotherapeutic efficacy with the improvements on induction of immunogenic cell death,proliferation of CD4+CD8^(+)T cells and natural killer cells,alleviation immunosuppressive regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells,and repolarization of the M2-to M1-phenotype tumor-associated macrophages.Thus,LHS NPs demonstrated an improved antitumor efficacy in suppressing the tumor growth and lungmetastasis of 4T1-tumormice.Our work gives novel insights for the bi-directionally manipulating ferroptosis in tumor and CD8^(+)T cells on TNBC chemoimmunotherapy.
文摘Spinal cord injury（SCI）is a devastating ailment that results in drastic life style alterations for the patients and their family members（Mc Donald and Sadowsky,2002）.Damage post injury causes necrosis,edema,hemorrhage and vasospasm.Post injury,secondary damage is caused by ischemia,
文摘BACKGROUND Alopecia areata(AA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by hair loss.AA appears in extensive forms,such as progressive and diffusing hair loss(diffuse AA),a total loss of scalp hair(alopecia totalis),and complete loss of hair over the entire body(alopecia universalis).Recently,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been identified as a therapeutic alternative for autoimmune diseases.For this reason,preclinical and case studies of AA and related diseases using MSCs have been conducted.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 55-year-old woman suffered from AA in two areas of the scalp.She was given 15 rounds of minimally manipulated umbilical cord-MSCs(MM-UC-MSCs)over 6 mo.The AA gradually improved 3 mo after the first round.The patient was cured,and AA did not recur.Case 2:A 30-year-old woman,with history of local steroid hormone injections,suffered from AA in one area on the scalp.She was given two rounds of MM-UC-MSCs over 1 mo.The AA immediately improved after the first round.The patient was cured,and AA did not recur.Case 3:A 20-year-old woman,who was diagnosed with alopecia universalis at the age of 12,was given 14 rounds of MM-UC-MSCs over 12 mo.Her hair began to grow about 3 mo after the first round.The patient was cured,and alopecia universalis did not recur.CONCLUSION MM-UC-MSC transplantation potentially treats patients who suffer from AA and related diseases.
文摘BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that usually manifests as a red scaly epidermis,induration,and hyperproliferation of basal keratinocytes.About 2%of the world’s population suffers from psoriasis but there are no clear therapeutics yet.Recently,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been regarded as a therapeutic alternative for autoimmune diseases,as they possess immunosuppressive effects without risks.Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs effectively regulate immune cells and are characterized by low immunogenicity,which has many advantages in treating immune diseases.CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 47-year-old male,diagnosed with psoriasis in 1995.He had received various treatments for 25 years,but the psoriatic condition was not significantly improved.He was given three rounds of minimally manipulated umbilical cord-derived MSCs over 2 wk.The erythema gradually disappeared.Three months after the 1st round,all erythema completely disappeared,and the psoriasis did not recur.CONCLUSION Minimally manipulated umbilical cord-derived MSC transplantation can potentially treat patients who suffer from psoriasis.
文摘BACKGROUND Stroke is one of the major causes of disability and death worldwide.Some treatments for stroke exist,but existing treatment methods have limitations such as difficulty in the regeneration of damaged neuronal cells of the brain.Recently,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been studied as a therapeutic alternative for stroke,and various preclinical and case studies have been reported.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old man suffered an acute stroke,causing paralysis in the left upper and lower limbs.He intravenously transplanted the minimally manipulated human umbilical cord-derived MSCs(MM-UC-MSCs)twice with an 8-d interval.At 65 wk after transplantation,the patient returned to his previous occupation as a veterinarian with no adverse reactions.CONCLUSION MM-UC-MSCs transplantation potentially treats patients who suffer from acute ischemic stroke.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10575034）, and the Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics of China （Grant No T152504）.
文摘A single particle magneto-confined in a one-dimensional （1D） quantum wire experiences a harmonic potential, and imposing a sharply focused laser beam on an appropriate site shapes a δ potential. The theoretical investigation has demonstrated that for a sufficiently strong δ pulse the quantum motional stationary state of the particle is one of the eigenstates of the free harmonic oscillator, and it is determined by the site of the laser beam uniquely, namely a quantum state is admissible if and only if the laser site is one of its nodes. The numerical computation shows that all the nodes of the lower energy states with quantum numbers n ≤ 20, except the coordinate origin, are mutually different. So we can manipulate the multiphoton transitions between the quantum states by adjusting the position of the laser δ pulse and realize the transition from an unknown higher excitation state to a required lower energy state.
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2023350 to Xiaoxiao Gao).
文摘Dear Editor,Viruses of the genus Orthoebolavirus cause sporadic outbreaks of severe haemorrhagic fever,with case fatality rates ranging from 25%to 90%(Mahanty and Bray,2004).Six species of the virus(Orthoebolavirus zairense,sudanense,bundibugyoense,taiense,restonense,and bombaliense)have so far been identified(Biedenkopf et al.,2023).Among these,Orthoebolavirus zairense,commonly known as Ebola virus(EBOV),stands out as the most virulent.Given its high contagiousness and lethality,EBOV must be manipulated under biosafety level 4(BSL-4)conditions,as stipulated by the the People's Republic of China's list of human pathogenic microorganisms(National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,2023).Prior to being removed from a BSL-4 laboratory,it is imperative that infectious EBOV undergoes complete inactivation.Here we systematically evaluate viral thermostability under BSL-4 containment conditions,demonstrating EBOV's marked thermotolerance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52372249)support by the Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(21XD1424400)。
文摘Vanadium pentoxide(V_(2)O_(5))displays the characteristics of high theoretical specific capacity,high operating voltage,and adjustable layered structure,possessing the considerable potential as cathode in magnesium metal batteries(MMBs).Nevertheless,the large charge-radius ratio of Mg^(2+)induces the strong interactions of Mg^(2+)with solvent molecules of electrolyte and anionic framework of cathode,resulting in a notable voltage polarization and structural deterioration during cycling process.Herein,an in-situ multi-scale structural engineering is proposed to activate the interlayer-expanded V_(2)O_(5)cathode(pillared by tetrabutylammonium cation)via adding hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)additive into electrolyte.During cycling,the in-situ incorporation of CTA^(+)not only enhances the electrostatic shielding effect and Mg species migration,but also stabilizes the interlayer spacing.Besides,CTA^(+)is prone to be adsorbed on cathode surface and induces the loss-free pulverization and amorphization of electroactive grains,leading to the pronounced effect of intercalation pseudocapacitance.CTAB additive also enables to scissor the Mg^(2+)solvation sheath and tailor the insertion mode of Mg species,further endowing V_(2)O_(5)cathode with fast reaction kinetics.Based on these merits,the corresponding V2O5‖Mg full cells exhibit the remarkable rate performance with capacities as high as 317.6,274.4,201.1,and 132.7 mAh g^(-1)at the high current densities of 0.1,0.2,0.5,and 1 A g^(-1),respectively.Moreover,after 1000 cycles,the capacity is still preserved to be 90,4 mAh g^(-1)at 1 A g^(-1)with an average coulombic efficiency of~100%.Our strategy of synergetic modulations of cathode host and electrolyte solvation structures provides new guidance for the development of high-rate,large-capacity,and long-life MMBs.
文摘Animals exhibit complex responses to external and internal stimuli.The information is computed by interconnected neurons that express numerous ion channels,which modulate the neuronal membrane potential.How can neuronal activity orchestrate complex motor patterns or allow learning from previous experience?To answer such questions,we need the ability not only to record,but also to modulate neuronal activity in both space(e.g.,neuronal subsets)and time.
文摘OBJECTIVE:In recent years,the number of clinical research reports on acupuncture and manipulation for the treatment of greater occipital neuralgia has gradually increased,but the quality is uneven.There is currently no literature evaluating the quality of published reports,which is not conducive to the promotion of clinical use of these therapies.Therefore,this article assessed the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials on acupuncture and manipulation for greater occipital neuralgia.METHODS:Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP,WanFang Data,and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database(CBM)from inception to May 20,2024 were searched.The reporting quality of included randomized controlled trials was independently evaluated by two investigators using the CONSORT statement,STRICTA checklist,and Cochrane bias of risk assessment tool.A third investigator resolved any disagreement.RESULTS:A total of 62 articles were included.Based on the CONSORT statement,59.46%(22/37)of all entries had a reporting rate of less than 50%,mainly including“Identification as a randomized trial in the title(1/62,1.61%),”“How sample size was determined(7/62,11.29%),”“Implementation(1/62,1.61%),”“Blinding(1/62,1.61%),”and“Reports of Funding(4/62,6.45%).”According to the STRICTA checklist,29.41%(5/17)of all entries had a reporting rate of less than 50%,mainly including“Details of other interventions(7/58,12.07%),”“Setting and context of treatment(0/58,0%),”and“Description of participating acupuncturists(0/58,0%).”CONCLUSION:The reporting quality of randomized controlled trials on acupuncture and manipulation therapy for greater occipital neuralgia remains low.Future researchers need to make greater efforts to strictly adhere to the CONSORT statement and STRICTA checklist during trial design,implementation,and reporting.This will facilitate the standardization of research in this field and enhance the reliability and reproducibility of the research results.
文摘Optical field manipulation,an emerging frontier in photonics,demonstrates significant potential in biomedical microscopy,quantum state engineering,and micro-nano fabrication.To address the critical limitations of current optical modulation technologies in achieving full-parameter precision control,we proposed a novel approach for dynamic azimuthal optical field modulation based on dual-spiral arrays.By designing spatially interleaved spiral structures with different initial radii while maintaining identical periodic parameters,we achieved continuous optical modulation spanning the full 0-2πrange in azimuthal field distribution.Through rigorous numerical simulations,we systematically established a quantitative correlation between the structural parameters and azimuthal optical field patterns,revealing,for the first time,a quasi-linear relationship between the radius difference and the resultant optical distribution.This theoretical framework advances our fundamental understanding of structured optical field manipulation as well as provides a new paradigm for programmable photonic device design,with distinct technical advantages in super-resolution imaging and optical tweezer systems.
文摘Purpose–The study aims to build a high-precision longitudinal dynamics model for heavy-haul trains and validate it with line test data,present an optimization method for multi-stage cyclic brakes based on the model and conduct a multi-objective detailed evaluation of the driver’s manipulation during cyclic braking.Design/methodology/approach–The high-precision longitudinal train dynamics model was established and verified by the cyclic braking test data of the 20,000 t heavy-haul combination train on the long and steep downgrade.Then the genetic algorithm is employed for optimization subsequent to decoupling multiple cyclic braking procedures,with due consideration of driver operation rules.For evaluation,key manipulation assessments in the scenario are prioritized,supplemented by multi-objective evaluation requirements,and the computational model is employed for detailed evaluation analysis.Findings–Based on the model,experimental data reveal that the probability of longitudinal force error being less than 64.6 kN is approximately 68%,95%for less than 129.2 kN and 99.7%for less than 193.8 kN.Upon optimizing manipulations during the cyclic braking,the maximum reduction in coupler force spans from 21%∼23.9%.Andtheevaluation scoresimply that a proper elevationof the releasingspeed favorssafety.A high electric braking force,although beneficial to some extent for energy-saving,is detrimental to reducing coupler force.Originality/value–The results will provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for further ensuring the safety and energy-efficient operation of heavy haul trains on long downhill sections and improving the operational quality of heavy-haul trains.
文摘This paper is an attempt to explore the root of the modern paradox across multiple registers in order to uncover a persuasive pattern of contradiction that runs through the very fabric of contemporary existence.We discover that the very logic meant to emancipate the human subject-scientific mastery,bureaucratic order,economic growth,and many others,often recoil upon the subject,generating conditions of fragmentation,depersonalization,and spiritual aridity.Far from rejecting modernity wholesale,our task is a diagnostic one-to enter into the deep fabric of modernity and to decode its operating metaphors and interrogate what holds up the“scaffolding of collective life”.This is in a bid to find the rootedness of genuine human flourishing.Part of the answer,from our analysis,lies in a critical re-thinking within modernity without being subsumed by it.
文摘Objective:To characterize mosquito larval habitats and the influence of meteorological factors on their prevalence,and to suggest alternatives for vector control in Makkah Al-Mukarramah.Methods:A mosquito survey was conducted within the 16 municipalities of Makkah Al-Mukarramah,from November 2022 to October 2023.The characteristics of larval habitats used by all reported species as oviposition sites were determined.Seasonal house,container,and breteau indices were used to determine larval abundance.Results:16 Species belonging to five genera[Aedes(3 spp.),Anopheles(3 spp.),Culex(8 spp.),Culiseta(1 sp.),and Lutzia(1 sp.)]were collected.A total of 185608 potential mosquito larval habitats were surveyed.Of these,95853(67.4%)were Aedes,45522(32%)were Culex,718(0.5%)were Anopheles,and 38(0.03%)were other species;154726(83.4%)were water sources for mosquito larvae,and among these sources,7663(5.0%)were positive for larvae,with 45.9%indoors and 54.1%outdoors.Most of the positive larval habitats were recorded in Al-Shawqiya(1093,14.3%),Al-Sharayia(1003,13.1%)and Al-Umrah(984,12.8%).A total of 142131 mosquito larvae and pupae were collected.The majority number of positive residences for all mosquito larvae was observed in January 2023(1658,21.6%).Conclusions:New appropriate alternatives for vector control are proposed,such as mechanical,biological,and environmental control.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52275033)National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China(Grant No.52205033)Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.E2021203019)。
文摘Serial-parallel manipulators are of great interest to academic community in recent years,especially those composed of classical parallel mechanisms.There have been many studies around 2(3RPS)and 2(3SPR)S-PMs,but unfortunately their inverse kinematics have not yet been resolved.This paper discovers that the unknown kinematic parameters of middle platform are responsible for the unresolvable of inverse kinematics,meanwhile the unknown kinematic parameters of middle platform also have huge coupling relationships.Therefore,to break through this challenges,the huge coupling relationships are decoupled layer by layer,the kinematic parameters of middle platform are solved by combining Sylvester's elimination method,and the inverse displacements of 2(3RPS)and 2(3SPR)S-PMs are obtained subsequently.This paper not only solves the inverse kinematics of classical 2(3RPS)and 2(3SPR)S-PMs,but also reveals the essence of the inverse kinematics of general(3-DOF)+(3-DOF)6-DOF S-PMs and proposes a corresponding solution.
基金Supported by Guiding Project of Shiyan City,Hubei Province in 2022(22Y30).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the effects of Visceral Manipulation combined with Enhanced Recovery after Surgery on postoperative recovery in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery,and to evaluate its impacts on inflammatory stress response,gastrointestinal motility recovery,and blood oxygen levels.[Methods]A prospective randomized controlled design was adopted.Eighty patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group(40 cases)and a control group(40 cases).The observation group received Visceral Manipulation therapy in addition to routine Enhanced Recovery after Surgery care,while the control group received only routine Enhanced Recovery after Surgery care.Clinical indicators,inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,hs-CRP),traumatic stress hormones(cortisol,epinephrine,norepinephrine),gastrointestinal motility indicators(GAS,MTL,GIP),and blood oxygen levels were measured and compared between the two groups on postoperative days 1,5,and 10.[Results]The observation group showed significantly better outcomes in postoperative abdominal distension,time to first flatus and defecation,and hospital stay compared to the control group(P<0.05).Inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,hs-CRP),traumatic stress hormones(cortisol,epinephrine,norepinephrine),and gastrointestinal motility indicators(GAS,MTL,GIP)were significantly improved in the observation group(P<0.05).Postoperative blood oxygen levels were also significantly higher in the observation group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Visceral Manipulation combined with Enhanced Recovery after Surgery can significantly improve postoperative recovery in gastrointestinal surgery patients,alleviate inflammatory stress responses,promote gastrointestinal functional recovery,and enhance blood oxygen levels,demonstrating promising clinical application prospects.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52475032)Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(Grant No.246Z2001G)Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation Key Projects(Grant No.E2021203125).
文摘The existing research on rescue robots has focused mainly on reconnaissance,detection,and firefighting,and a small number of robots that can achieve human rescue have problems such as poor safety and stability and insufficient carrying capacity.This article addresses the above issues and cleverly combines the advantages of soft robotic arms,underactuated robotic arms,and suction cups based on the principles of bionics.A new design for a robotic arm was proposed,and its working principle was explained.Then,the human rescue process was divided into two stages,and the grasping force of the robotic arm in each stage was analyzed separately.Finally,a prototype of the principle was developed,and the feasibility of the design principle of the robotic arm was verified through grasping experiments on a cross-sectional contour model of the human chest.At the same time,grasping experiments were conducted on different objects to demonstrate the potential application of the robotic arm in grasping ground objects.This research proposes a stress envelope adsorption rescue robot arm inspired by the adhesion ability of the Drosera plant and the stress envelope effect,which can apply force to the entire surface of the human body,reduce local force on the human body,ensure load-bearing capacity and adaptability,and improve the safety and stability of rescue grasping.
文摘The original intention of the algorithmic recommender system is to grapple with the negative impacts caused by information overload,but the system also can be used as"hypernudge",a new form of online manipulation,to inten⁃tionally exploit people's cognitive and decision-making gaps to influence their decisions in practice,which is particu⁃larly detrimental to the sustainable development of the digital market.Limiting harmful algorithmic online manipula⁃tion in digital markets has become a challenging task.Globally,both the EU and China have responded to this issue,and the differences between them are so evident that their governance measures can serve as the typical case.The EU focuses on improving citizens'digital literacy and their ability to integrate into digital social life to independently ad⁃dress this issue,and expects to address harmful manipulation behavior through binding and applicable hard law,which is part of the digital strategy.By comparison,although there exist certain legal norms that have made relevant stipula⁃tions on manipulation issues,China continues to issue specific departmental regulations to regulate algorithmic recom⁃mender services,and pays more attention to addressing collective harm caused by algorithmic online manipulation through a multiple co-governance approach led by the government or industry associations to implement supervision.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21904095,22004089)Peiyang Talents Project of Tianjin University+1 种基金Young Thousand Talented ProgramProgram of Tianjin Science and Technology Major Project and Engineering(No.19ZXYXSY00090)。
文摘Nanomaterials provide an ideal platform for biomolecular display due to their dimensions approach the molecular scale,facilitating binding behavior akin to that observed in solution-based processes.DNA nanoprobes hold great promise as miniature detectives capable of detecting mi RNAs within cells.However,current nanoprobes face a challenge in achieving the required precision for accurate miRNA detection,particularly within the intricate confines of the cellular microenvironment,due to interference with biological autofluorescence,off-target effects,and a lack of spatiotemporal control.Here,we have designed a dual-stimuli responsive DNA tracker,synergistically utilizing specific intracellular cues and external triggers,which enables spatiotemporal-controlled and precise detection and imaging of miRNAs"on demand".The tracker,which combines zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67)and unique hairpin DNA structures,effectively anchored onto the ZIF-67 through electrostatic interactions,remains in a dormant state until activated by abundant cellular ATP,resulting in the release of the hairpin structures that include a PC linker incorporated into the loop region.Subsequent irradiation triggers specific recognition of the target miRNA.The newly developed HP-PC-BT@ZIF-67 tracker demonstrates precise spatiotemporal mi RNA detection and exhibits excellent biocompatibility,enabling specific mi RNA recognition"on demand"within cancer cells.This research presents a reliable mi RNA imaging platform in the intricate cellular environment,opening up the possibilities for precise biomedical analysis and disease diagnosis.
