Objective:In general hospitals,pharmaceutical care was carried out to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADR),and this effect was significant.It can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse drug react...Objective:In general hospitals,pharmaceutical care was carried out to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADR),and this effect was significant.It can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions and improve the safety of drug therapy.The Joint Surgery Department and the Department of Neurology of Changle County People's Hospital in Shandong province were investigated for the effect of pharmaceutical care on reducing adverse drug reactions.Methods:120 patients were selected from the Department of Joint Surgery and Neurology,Changle County People's Hospital,Shandong Province from May 2015 to May 2020.According to the random table method,the patients were divided into experimental group(60 cases)and control group(60 cases).Control group:routine drug therapy.Experimental group:pharmaceutical care treatment was carried out jointly,and the incidence of adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of adverse reactions in experimental group was lower than that in control group.Conclusion:In general hospitals,pharmaceutical care is effective in reducing adverse drug reactions,which can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions.At the same time,this improves the safety of drug treatment,which is worthy of clinical promotion.展开更多
Many corporate senior managers have not been fully convinced of successful IT management over a period of decades. In order to clarify the mechanism of IT management in companies, we conducted the surveys on IT manage...Many corporate senior managers have not been fully convinced of successful IT management over a period of decades. In order to clarify the mechanism of IT management in companies, we conducted the surveys on IT management in 2000 and 2002. Through the surveys and analyses, we found the causal structure in IT management, developed 'IT Management Effectiveness' as a new measurement tool, published ranking lists of high scored companies, and analyzed characteristics of industry/sizes of respondents and so on. Based on the surveys and researches so far, we would suggest future works, such as comparison of Japanese companies with overseas companies, time series analyses.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the application value of lean management in the management of flexible endoscopes.Methods:From January to December 2023,routine management was implemented,and 200 flexible endoscopes used for exa...Objective:To evaluate the application value of lean management in the management of flexible endoscopes.Methods:From January to December 2023,routine management was implemented,and 200 flexible endoscopes used for examination and treatment were included in the control group;from January to December 2024,lean management was implemented,and 200 flexible endoscopes used for examination and treatment were included in the observation group.The average daily usage frequency,management effectiveness,and failure rate of flexible endoscopes were compared between the two groups.Results:The average daily usage frequency of flexible endoscopes in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the 3S retrieval rate and spot-check qualification rate of endoscopes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the failure rate of flexible endoscopes in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing lean management during the management of flexible endoscopes can improve the efficiency of endoscope retrieval,increase the average daily usage frequency of flexible endoscopes,and reduce endoscope failures.展开更多
Purpose-Following the regional restructuring,the number of joint-venture railway companies in which the Group participates has significantly increased.This paper aims to explore the challenges faced by China Railway G...Purpose-Following the regional restructuring,the number of joint-venture railway companies in which the Group participates has significantly increased.This paper aims to explore the challenges faced by China Railway Group in managing participation in joint-venture railway companies.The study seeks to propose specific approaches to ensure the effective management of these companies,thereby maximizing the benefits of the regional restructuring and supporting the development of a strong transportation country and a modern infrastructure system.Design/methodology/approach-Based on the change in the shareholding relationship between China Railway Group and the joint-venture railway companies,and considering the current situation of the regional restructuring of these companies,as well as the insights from existing literature and typical case studies,this paper proposes some specific paths for effective management of joint-stock railway companies which China Railway Group participated in.Findings-The problems in participation management are the unclear dual leadership role of the party committee,the lack of discourse power,the lack of synergy between shareholders,the increasing risk of sustainable operation of the loss-making companies and the role of dispatched personnel is not fully played.Based on the theories,combined with the existing research and practical cases,the paper proposed specific approaches,such as perfecting top-level system design,maintaining the discourse power,carrying out differentiated management,arranging personnel rationally,arranging shareholders synergy,and innovating methods to provide references for China Railway Group’s subsequent management of joint venture railway companies.Originality/value-This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the challenges faced by China Railway Group in managing participation in joint-venture railway companies following the regional restructuring.The study offers novel insights and practical recommendations for addressing these challenges.The findings can serve as valuable references for China Railway Group’s subsequent management of joint-venture railway companies which participated in,as well as for other stateowned enterprises facing similar challenges in managing their joint ventures.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the effect of health management on improving the awareness rate of disease prevention and treatment in patients with prehypertension, so as to provide guidance for clinical management of patients...Objective: To analyze the effect of health management on improving the awareness rate of disease prevention and treatment in patients with prehypertension, so as to provide guidance for clinical management of patients with prehypertension. Methods: 108 patients diagnosed with prehypertension in our hospital were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was not given management measures, while the experimental group was given health management. The incidence of hypertension and cognition level of hypertension knowledge were compared between the two groups after management. Results: The incidence of hypertension in the experimental group was 7.41% lower than that in the control group 29.63%. The cognitive level of hypertension in the patients (66.54 ± 1.25) was significantly higher than that in the patients without health management (41.45 ± 2.45), and P < 0.05;Conclusion: For patients with prehypertension, the implementation of health management is helpful to improve their cognition of hypertension, master related prevention knowledge, and reduce the incidence of hypertension.展开更多
Objective: to analyze the effect of detail management in psychiatric ward management. Methods: selected research object is 100 patients of our hospital psychiatric hospital, select period is from January 2020 to Decem...Objective: to analyze the effect of detail management in psychiatric ward management. Methods: selected research object is 100 patients of our hospital psychiatric hospital, select period is from January 2020 to December, according to these wards nursing management of hospitalized psychiatric patients implementation model were divided into control group (routine nursing, 50 cases) and the experimental group (details of care, 50 cases), to compare the effect of nursing management from the two groups. Results: the overall quality of nursing in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the reference group (P<0.05). Nursing satisfaction rate and other indicators of the experimental group were significantly better than the reference group, P<0.05;The number of adverse events in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the reference group (P<0.05). Conclusion: the application of detail nursing in the management of psychiatric wards can significantly improve the overall quality of nursing management in psychiatric wards, avoid too many adverse events in patients with mental illness, and ensure the personal safety of patients, which is worth recommending.展开更多
Dear editor,Mosquito-borne diseases,viz.,malaria,filariasis,dengue hemorrhagic fever,chikungunya,Japanese encephalitis etc.,created huge impact on humans over the world,and the chemical insecticides remain the mainsta...Dear editor,Mosquito-borne diseases,viz.,malaria,filariasis,dengue hemorrhagic fever,chikungunya,Japanese encephalitis etc.,created huge impact on humans over the world,and the chemical insecticides remain the mainstay of effective control.But,indiscriminate and rampant use of the chemical insecticides in controlling mosquito vectors,in order to prevent diseases vectored by them,has resulted problems related to the adverse environmental effects for their(insecticides)potential toxicity,high operational cost,community acceptance,and the development of insecticide resistance among the vectors.The factors mentioned above prompted the search for new means of control strategies.Currently,the botanicals(viz.,plant extracts,essential oils and phytochemicals)with mosquitocidal potential展开更多
<strong>Introduction: </strong>Stress and burnout are a reality which nurses encounter and try to cope with especially in the Emergency Department (ED) so that they can provide optimal patient care. Nurses...<strong>Introduction: </strong>Stress and burnout are a reality which nurses encounter and try to cope with especially in the Emergency Department (ED) so that they can provide optimal patient care. Nurses who work in ED are front line providers of immediate medical care needed to stabilize patients. With the known critical shortage of health workforce in Cameroon, nurses are overloaded with work and often experience stress and burnout. <strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed at determining the causes, effects and management strategies of stress and burnout among nurses working in the ED in hospitals in the Fako Division, Cameroon. <strong>Methods:</strong> This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of seventy nurses from five different hospitals. A purposive sampling technique was used and data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire developed from the International Stress Management Scale. <strong>Results: </strong>The highest reported cause of stress in this study was heavy workload (12.88%) and the least was no experience in handling the challenges of the department. The leading reported effect of stress was the development of musculoskeletal disorders such as joint and back pain (16.48%) and the least effect was contemplating quitting the profession (5.99%). The major management strategy used was humour (8.27%), while the least was crying out stress to feel relieved (2.18%).<strong> Conclusion: </strong>The major cause of stress and burnout among nurses in our study setting was heavy workload, which mostly results in joint and back pain. Moreover, humour was the prime management strategy for stress and burnout among nurses in the emergency department in the study setting. Thus more nurses should be employed and the working conditions of nurses improved to reduce the workload in the study hospitals.展开更多
1.0 Summary
The report is stated the influence of traditional cultural and ideology arouse from old-time feudality system and Confucianism in modern management in China. The features of the culture provide ma... 1.0 Summary
The report is stated the influence of traditional cultural and ideology arouse from old-time feudality system and Confucianism in modern management in China. The features of the culture provide many implications to modern managers in evaluation, motivation and recruitment.……展开更多
Mapping human footprint(HF)is crucial for understanding the cumulative anthropogenic pressures on the envi-ronment.However,its effectiveness is often hampered by the absence of fine-scale,high-quality spatio-temporal ...Mapping human footprint(HF)is crucial for understanding the cumulative anthropogenic pressures on the envi-ronment.However,its effectiveness is often hampered by the absence of fine-scale,high-quality spatio-temporal datasets.Addressing this gap,we present the first annual HF maps for the Qingzang Plateau(QP)from 1990 to 2020,at a 100 m×100 m resolution,boasting an accuracy exceeding 80%.Our findings reveal that the QP’s human-induced modifications were relatively low,with a median HF of 3.39 in 2020,significantly lower than the global average of 7.56.The northeast and mid-south regions of the QP emerged as hotspots for anthropogenic impact.Notably,over two-thirds(68.2%)of the QP registered an HF score below 4,classifying them as largely intact.However,the QP’s average HF score has escalated more swiftly than the global mean(0.0348/yr vs.0.0186/yr),particularly in the last decade,indicating escalating human pressures.In terms of stability,montane grasslands and shrublands comprised 75.1%of moderately or highly altered biomes in 2020.In contrast,tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests witnessed the most substantial HF increases.Encouragingly,26.29%of the QP experienced HF reductions over the past thirty years,highlighting potential conservation opportunities.展开更多
An effective evaluation system can provide specific and practical suggestions to the deep groundwater management. But such kind of evaluation system has not been proposed in China. In this study, an evaluation index s...An effective evaluation system can provide specific and practical suggestions to the deep groundwater management. But such kind of evaluation system has not been proposed in China. In this study, an evaluation index system is specifically developed to evaluate deep groundwater management efficiency. It is composed of three first-level indicators(law enforcement capability, management ability, and management effectiveness) and eleven second-level indicators. The second-level indicators include seven mandatory indicators and four optional indicators. Piecewise linear function is used to normalize the quantitative indicators, and expert scoring method and questionnaire survey method are used to normalize the qualitative indicators. Then a comprehensive indicator weighting evaluation method is used to evaluate the first-level indicators and the target topic. A case study is carried out to evaluate deep groundwater management efficiency in Tianjin City. According to the evaluation score in each period, the management efficiency of every district in Tianjin City gradually improved. The overall evaluation score in the early deep groundwater extraction period is 0.12. After a series of deep groundwater protection efforts, this score reached to 0.61 in 2007, and met the regulation criteria. The evaluation results also showed that the further groundwater management efforts in Tianjin City should be focused on building a dynamic database to collect comprehensive deep well-log data; and on a reasonable design and distribution of the groundwater monitoring network. It demonstrated that the index system is suitable to locate the deficiencies of current groundwater management systems and to guide further improvements. It can then be used to protect deep groundwater.展开更多
Objective: to analyze the quality control methods of disinfection supply room in CDC. Methods: 100 subjects examined in CDC from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the control group, and 100 subjects exam...Objective: to analyze the quality control methods of disinfection supply room in CDC. Methods: 100 subjects examined in CDC from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the control group, and 100 subjects examined in CDC from February 2021 to February 2022 as the observation group. The control group was given routine management, while the observation group was given quality control. Results: the management quality of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: in the process of disinfection of the disinfection supply room of CDC, effective theoretical control should be adhered to ensure that the examinee receives effective quality management in CDC, and the quality of disinfection and sterilization in CDC should be controlled, so as to avoid cross-infection in the hospital, and at the same time, improve the safety of the examinees inspection, which has a high clinical mechanism. In the process of operation, the effective inspection mechanism should be continuously operated, so as to improve the working ability of the disinfection supply room in an all-round way, which has a high clinical value and ensures disease control.展开更多
Energy efficiency can be improved by reducing the amount of energy that we demand, and by changing our behaviors to reduce the amount of energy that we waste. This scheme manipulates the problem of incremental demand,...Energy efficiency can be improved by reducing the amount of energy that we demand, and by changing our behaviors to reduce the amount of energy that we waste. This scheme manipulates the problem of incremental demand, and low Power Factor （PF） for industrial plants, starting with walk through surveys, data analysis, providing advices to insure personnel involvement, and suggestions of practical circuits to attain the target. Elements of effective energy management program can be configured of management commitment, audit, analysis and implementation. Energy management opportunities can he operational and maintenance strategies, retrofit or modification strategies and new design strategies. The new technique of Power Factor Correction （PFC） that has been designed was the High Active Boost Power Factor Correction Pre-regulator Circuit, which was resulted in single / three phase PFC of about unity, in hand with a regulated output single phase voltage of about 220 VAC.展开更多
Soft and wearable electronics for monitoring health in hot outdoor environments are highly desirable due to their effective-ness in safeguarding individuals against escalating heat-related illnesses associated with gl...Soft and wearable electronics for monitoring health in hot outdoor environments are highly desirable due to their effective-ness in safeguarding individuals against escalating heat-related illnesses associated with global climate change.However,traditional wearable devices have limitations when exposed to outdoor solar radiation,including reduced electrical perfor-mance,shortened lifespan,and the risk of skin burns.In this work,we introduce a novel approach known as the cooling E-textile(CET),which ensures reliable and accurate tracking of uninterrupted physiological signals in intense external conditions while maintaining the device at a consistently cool temperature.Through a co-designed architecture comprising a spectrally selective passive cooling structure and intricate hierarchical sensing construction,the monolithic integrated CET demonstrates superior sensitivity(6.67×10^(3)kPa^(-1)),remarkable stability,and excellent wearable properties,such as flexibility,lightweightness,and thermal comfort,while achieving maximum temperature reduction of 21°C.In contrast to the limitations faced by existing devices that offer low signal quality during overheating,CET presents accurately stable performance output even in rugged external environments.This work presents an innovative method for effective thermal management in next-generation textile electronics tailored for outdoor applications.展开更多
In addition to pests and diseases, weeds are a major problem in poplar nursery production. The possibilities of herbicide application in juvenile poplar growth were researched, taking into account that weeds are one o...In addition to pests and diseases, weeds are a major problem in poplar nursery production. The possibilities of herbicide application in juvenile poplar growth were researched, taking into account that weeds are one of the main limiting factors. The following pre-emergence herbicides were tested： acetochlor, S-metolachlor, metribuzin,oxifluorfen, and dimethenamid during two vegetation seasons at two locations, which differed by the soil physicochemical characteristics. The study results show that the number of weeds on sample plots was significantly reduced by the tested herbicides when compared to control plots. The highest reduction in the number of weeds was achieved using the herbicides acetochlor and metribuzin. However, metribuzin showed a phytotoxic effect on sandy soil. Metribuzin application is recommended only on the soils with higher contents of organic matter, where the phytotoxic effect was absent. Acetochlor, S-metolachlor, oxifluorfen, and dimethenamid were not phytotoxic to poplars and can be used for weed suppression in the production of poplar plants.展开更多
This study is of conceptual nature and analyzes the annual reports of agriculture ministry. Albania is an economy characterized by a high percentage of agriculture of gross domestic product （GDP） with 25%. Actually,...This study is of conceptual nature and analyzes the annual reports of agriculture ministry. Albania is an economy characterized by a high percentage of agriculture of gross domestic product （GDP） with 25%. Actually, Albania for many decades and varied reasons will remain, to the future, a country where agriculture and especially livestock will play an important role. This paper starts from the actual situation and tries to find solutions to any effective management＇s problems. Treatments in this paper are based on literature reviews and combined with empirical research. Part of this article clarifies the scope of modem agricultural business and the impacts of circumstances of biological parameters on a sustainable livestock.展开更多
Effective water management in large river basins requires a comprehensive understanding of policy effectiveness and regulatory frameworks.However,quantitative assessments of water-related policies remain limited.Here,...Effective water management in large river basins requires a comprehensive understanding of policy effectiveness and regulatory frameworks.However,quantitative assessments of water-related policies remain limited.Here,we propose a novel quantitative framework for evaluating water policies in large river basins,providing an intuitive and systematic approach for decision-makers.Using the Yellow River Basindthe second-largest river basin in Chinadas a case study,we constructed a database of 1271 water-related policies spanning 68 cities.We assessed the completeness of nine representative policies,identifying key gaps in water environment governance.To evaluate management effectiveness,we developed a system integrating two key subsystems:water resource utilization and water environment treatment,incorporating climatic,economic,and industrial factors.Our findings reveal that water environment governance policies were more effective than those targeting water resource utilization,though their impact was delayed by one to two years.Furthermore,a risk-based analysis pinpointed critical water management challenges in each city,offering actionable insights for policy optimization.This framework provides a robust and scalable approach for assessing the effectiveness of complex water policies in large river basins,with global applicability for improving water governance.展开更多
Accurate quantification of tree populations within regions is critical for evaluating forest ecosystem conditions and developing effective forest management strategies[1].High-quality tree census data,collected throug...Accurate quantification of tree populations within regions is critical for evaluating forest ecosystem conditions and developing effective forest management strategies[1].High-quality tree census data,collected through field surveys and remote sensing technologies,is fundamental to China's sustainable development and environmental conservation initiatives.This data facilitates the monitoring of forest structural changes,carbon sequestration dynamics,and ecosystem health evaluations.Notably,China maintains the world's largest managed forest area,achieved through comprehensive national afforestation and reforestation programs[2,3].Consequently,precise tree enumeration is crucial for formulating effective forest management policies,monitoring and protecting wildlife habitats,and preventing natural disasters in China.展开更多
基金Key Research Project of Scientific and Educational Innovation in the Institute of Educational Science,Chinese Academy of Management Sciences(Grant No:KJCX5406).
文摘Objective:In general hospitals,pharmaceutical care was carried out to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADR),and this effect was significant.It can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions and improve the safety of drug therapy.The Joint Surgery Department and the Department of Neurology of Changle County People's Hospital in Shandong province were investigated for the effect of pharmaceutical care on reducing adverse drug reactions.Methods:120 patients were selected from the Department of Joint Surgery and Neurology,Changle County People's Hospital,Shandong Province from May 2015 to May 2020.According to the random table method,the patients were divided into experimental group(60 cases)and control group(60 cases).Control group:routine drug therapy.Experimental group:pharmaceutical care treatment was carried out jointly,and the incidence of adverse reactions was compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of adverse reactions in experimental group was lower than that in control group.Conclusion:In general hospitals,pharmaceutical care is effective in reducing adverse drug reactions,which can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions.At the same time,this improves the safety of drug treatment,which is worthy of clinical promotion.
文摘Many corporate senior managers have not been fully convinced of successful IT management over a period of decades. In order to clarify the mechanism of IT management in companies, we conducted the surveys on IT management in 2000 and 2002. Through the surveys and analyses, we found the causal structure in IT management, developed 'IT Management Effectiveness' as a new measurement tool, published ranking lists of high scored companies, and analyzed characteristics of industry/sizes of respondents and so on. Based on the surveys and researches so far, we would suggest future works, such as comparison of Japanese companies with overseas companies, time series analyses.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the application value of lean management in the management of flexible endoscopes.Methods:From January to December 2023,routine management was implemented,and 200 flexible endoscopes used for examination and treatment were included in the control group;from January to December 2024,lean management was implemented,and 200 flexible endoscopes used for examination and treatment were included in the observation group.The average daily usage frequency,management effectiveness,and failure rate of flexible endoscopes were compared between the two groups.Results:The average daily usage frequency of flexible endoscopes in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the 3S retrieval rate and spot-check qualification rate of endoscopes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the failure rate of flexible endoscopes in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing lean management during the management of flexible endoscopes can improve the efficiency of endoscope retrieval,increase the average daily usage frequency of flexible endoscopes,and reduce endoscope failures.
基金China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.has supported this work as a critical project(Grant No.:N2022Z020).
文摘Purpose-Following the regional restructuring,the number of joint-venture railway companies in which the Group participates has significantly increased.This paper aims to explore the challenges faced by China Railway Group in managing participation in joint-venture railway companies.The study seeks to propose specific approaches to ensure the effective management of these companies,thereby maximizing the benefits of the regional restructuring and supporting the development of a strong transportation country and a modern infrastructure system.Design/methodology/approach-Based on the change in the shareholding relationship between China Railway Group and the joint-venture railway companies,and considering the current situation of the regional restructuring of these companies,as well as the insights from existing literature and typical case studies,this paper proposes some specific paths for effective management of joint-stock railway companies which China Railway Group participated in.Findings-The problems in participation management are the unclear dual leadership role of the party committee,the lack of discourse power,the lack of synergy between shareholders,the increasing risk of sustainable operation of the loss-making companies and the role of dispatched personnel is not fully played.Based on the theories,combined with the existing research and practical cases,the paper proposed specific approaches,such as perfecting top-level system design,maintaining the discourse power,carrying out differentiated management,arranging personnel rationally,arranging shareholders synergy,and innovating methods to provide references for China Railway Group’s subsequent management of joint venture railway companies.Originality/value-This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the challenges faced by China Railway Group in managing participation in joint-venture railway companies following the regional restructuring.The study offers novel insights and practical recommendations for addressing these challenges.The findings can serve as valuable references for China Railway Group’s subsequent management of joint-venture railway companies which participated in,as well as for other stateowned enterprises facing similar challenges in managing their joint ventures.
文摘Objective: To analyze the effect of health management on improving the awareness rate of disease prevention and treatment in patients with prehypertension, so as to provide guidance for clinical management of patients with prehypertension. Methods: 108 patients diagnosed with prehypertension in our hospital were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was not given management measures, while the experimental group was given health management. The incidence of hypertension and cognition level of hypertension knowledge were compared between the two groups after management. Results: The incidence of hypertension in the experimental group was 7.41% lower than that in the control group 29.63%. The cognitive level of hypertension in the patients (66.54 ± 1.25) was significantly higher than that in the patients without health management (41.45 ± 2.45), and P < 0.05;Conclusion: For patients with prehypertension, the implementation of health management is helpful to improve their cognition of hypertension, master related prevention knowledge, and reduce the incidence of hypertension.
文摘Objective: to analyze the effect of detail management in psychiatric ward management. Methods: selected research object is 100 patients of our hospital psychiatric hospital, select period is from January 2020 to December, according to these wards nursing management of hospitalized psychiatric patients implementation model were divided into control group (routine nursing, 50 cases) and the experimental group (details of care, 50 cases), to compare the effect of nursing management from the two groups. Results: the overall quality of nursing in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the reference group (P<0.05). Nursing satisfaction rate and other indicators of the experimental group were significantly better than the reference group, P<0.05;The number of adverse events in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the reference group (P<0.05). Conclusion: the application of detail nursing in the management of psychiatric wards can significantly improve the overall quality of nursing management in psychiatric wards, avoid too many adverse events in patients with mental illness, and ensure the personal safety of patients, which is worth recommending.
文摘Dear editor,Mosquito-borne diseases,viz.,malaria,filariasis,dengue hemorrhagic fever,chikungunya,Japanese encephalitis etc.,created huge impact on humans over the world,and the chemical insecticides remain the mainstay of effective control.But,indiscriminate and rampant use of the chemical insecticides in controlling mosquito vectors,in order to prevent diseases vectored by them,has resulted problems related to the adverse environmental effects for their(insecticides)potential toxicity,high operational cost,community acceptance,and the development of insecticide resistance among the vectors.The factors mentioned above prompted the search for new means of control strategies.Currently,the botanicals(viz.,plant extracts,essential oils and phytochemicals)with mosquitocidal potential
文摘<strong>Introduction: </strong>Stress and burnout are a reality which nurses encounter and try to cope with especially in the Emergency Department (ED) so that they can provide optimal patient care. Nurses who work in ED are front line providers of immediate medical care needed to stabilize patients. With the known critical shortage of health workforce in Cameroon, nurses are overloaded with work and often experience stress and burnout. <strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed at determining the causes, effects and management strategies of stress and burnout among nurses working in the ED in hospitals in the Fako Division, Cameroon. <strong>Methods:</strong> This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of seventy nurses from five different hospitals. A purposive sampling technique was used and data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire developed from the International Stress Management Scale. <strong>Results: </strong>The highest reported cause of stress in this study was heavy workload (12.88%) and the least was no experience in handling the challenges of the department. The leading reported effect of stress was the development of musculoskeletal disorders such as joint and back pain (16.48%) and the least effect was contemplating quitting the profession (5.99%). The major management strategy used was humour (8.27%), while the least was crying out stress to feel relieved (2.18%).<strong> Conclusion: </strong>The major cause of stress and burnout among nurses in our study setting was heavy workload, which mostly results in joint and back pain. Moreover, humour was the prime management strategy for stress and burnout among nurses in the emergency department in the study setting. Thus more nurses should be employed and the working conditions of nurses improved to reduce the workload in the study hospitals.
文摘 1.0 Summary
The report is stated the influence of traditional cultural and ideology arouse from old-time feudality system and Confucianism in modern management in China. The features of the culture provide many implications to modern managers in evaluation, motivation and recruitment.……
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant No.42071238)the Second Qingzang Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(Grant No.2019QZKK0402).
文摘Mapping human footprint(HF)is crucial for understanding the cumulative anthropogenic pressures on the envi-ronment.However,its effectiveness is often hampered by the absence of fine-scale,high-quality spatio-temporal datasets.Addressing this gap,we present the first annual HF maps for the Qingzang Plateau(QP)from 1990 to 2020,at a 100 m×100 m resolution,boasting an accuracy exceeding 80%.Our findings reveal that the QP’s human-induced modifications were relatively low,with a median HF of 3.39 in 2020,significantly lower than the global average of 7.56.The northeast and mid-south regions of the QP emerged as hotspots for anthropogenic impact.Notably,over two-thirds(68.2%)of the QP registered an HF score below 4,classifying them as largely intact.However,the QP’s average HF score has escalated more swiftly than the global mean(0.0348/yr vs.0.0186/yr),particularly in the last decade,indicating escalating human pressures.In terms of stability,montane grasslands and shrublands comprised 75.1%of moderately or highly altered biomes in 2020.In contrast,tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests witnessed the most substantial HF increases.Encouragingly,26.29%of the QP experienced HF reductions over the past thirty years,highlighting potential conservation opportunities.
基金Under the auspices of National Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB428804)
文摘An effective evaluation system can provide specific and practical suggestions to the deep groundwater management. But such kind of evaluation system has not been proposed in China. In this study, an evaluation index system is specifically developed to evaluate deep groundwater management efficiency. It is composed of three first-level indicators(law enforcement capability, management ability, and management effectiveness) and eleven second-level indicators. The second-level indicators include seven mandatory indicators and four optional indicators. Piecewise linear function is used to normalize the quantitative indicators, and expert scoring method and questionnaire survey method are used to normalize the qualitative indicators. Then a comprehensive indicator weighting evaluation method is used to evaluate the first-level indicators and the target topic. A case study is carried out to evaluate deep groundwater management efficiency in Tianjin City. According to the evaluation score in each period, the management efficiency of every district in Tianjin City gradually improved. The overall evaluation score in the early deep groundwater extraction period is 0.12. After a series of deep groundwater protection efforts, this score reached to 0.61 in 2007, and met the regulation criteria. The evaluation results also showed that the further groundwater management efforts in Tianjin City should be focused on building a dynamic database to collect comprehensive deep well-log data; and on a reasonable design and distribution of the groundwater monitoring network. It demonstrated that the index system is suitable to locate the deficiencies of current groundwater management systems and to guide further improvements. It can then be used to protect deep groundwater.
文摘Objective: to analyze the quality control methods of disinfection supply room in CDC. Methods: 100 subjects examined in CDC from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the control group, and 100 subjects examined in CDC from February 2021 to February 2022 as the observation group. The control group was given routine management, while the observation group was given quality control. Results: the management quality of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: in the process of disinfection of the disinfection supply room of CDC, effective theoretical control should be adhered to ensure that the examinee receives effective quality management in CDC, and the quality of disinfection and sterilization in CDC should be controlled, so as to avoid cross-infection in the hospital, and at the same time, improve the safety of the examinees inspection, which has a high clinical mechanism. In the process of operation, the effective inspection mechanism should be continuously operated, so as to improve the working ability of the disinfection supply room in an all-round way, which has a high clinical value and ensures disease control.
文摘Energy efficiency can be improved by reducing the amount of energy that we demand, and by changing our behaviors to reduce the amount of energy that we waste. This scheme manipulates the problem of incremental demand, and low Power Factor （PF） for industrial plants, starting with walk through surveys, data analysis, providing advices to insure personnel involvement, and suggestions of practical circuits to attain the target. Elements of effective energy management program can be configured of management commitment, audit, analysis and implementation. Energy management opportunities can he operational and maintenance strategies, retrofit or modification strategies and new design strategies. The new technique of Power Factor Correction （PFC） that has been designed was the High Active Boost Power Factor Correction Pre-regulator Circuit, which was resulted in single / three phase PFC of about unity, in hand with a regulated output single phase voltage of about 220 VAC.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.62171094,62175026,62175082)Project of the Sichuan provincial science and technology(Grant No.24NSFSC5775,24NSFSC1465)+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3805800,2023YFB3611400)Multidisciplinary Research Support Program of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Grant No.2023JCYJ039)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20230024080001).
文摘Soft and wearable electronics for monitoring health in hot outdoor environments are highly desirable due to their effective-ness in safeguarding individuals against escalating heat-related illnesses associated with global climate change.However,traditional wearable devices have limitations when exposed to outdoor solar radiation,including reduced electrical perfor-mance,shortened lifespan,and the risk of skin burns.In this work,we introduce a novel approach known as the cooling E-textile(CET),which ensures reliable and accurate tracking of uninterrupted physiological signals in intense external conditions while maintaining the device at a consistently cool temperature.Through a co-designed architecture comprising a spectrally selective passive cooling structure and intricate hierarchical sensing construction,the monolithic integrated CET demonstrates superior sensitivity(6.67×10^(3)kPa^(-1)),remarkable stability,and excellent wearable properties,such as flexibility,lightweightness,and thermal comfort,while achieving maximum temperature reduction of 21°C.In contrast to the limitations faced by existing devices that offer low signal quality during overheating,CET presents accurately stable performance output even in rugged external environments.This work presents an innovative method for effective thermal management in next-generation textile electronics tailored for outdoor applications.
基金realized as a part of the project "Biosenzing technology and global system for continuous research and integrated management of ecosystems’’(43002)financed by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia
文摘In addition to pests and diseases, weeds are a major problem in poplar nursery production. The possibilities of herbicide application in juvenile poplar growth were researched, taking into account that weeds are one of the main limiting factors. The following pre-emergence herbicides were tested： acetochlor, S-metolachlor, metribuzin,oxifluorfen, and dimethenamid during two vegetation seasons at two locations, which differed by the soil physicochemical characteristics. The study results show that the number of weeds on sample plots was significantly reduced by the tested herbicides when compared to control plots. The highest reduction in the number of weeds was achieved using the herbicides acetochlor and metribuzin. However, metribuzin showed a phytotoxic effect on sandy soil. Metribuzin application is recommended only on the soils with higher contents of organic matter, where the phytotoxic effect was absent. Acetochlor, S-metolachlor, oxifluorfen, and dimethenamid were not phytotoxic to poplars and can be used for weed suppression in the production of poplar plants.
文摘This study is of conceptual nature and analyzes the annual reports of agriculture ministry. Albania is an economy characterized by a high percentage of agriculture of gross domestic product （GDP） with 25%. Actually, Albania for many decades and varied reasons will remain, to the future, a country where agriculture and especially livestock will play an important role. This paper starts from the actual situation and tries to find solutions to any effective management＇s problems. Treatments in this paper are based on literature reviews and combined with empirical research. Part of this article clarifies the scope of modem agricultural business and the impacts of circumstances of biological parameters on a sustainable livestock.
基金support from the financial support from the Joint Research Program for Ecological Conservation and High Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin(Grant No.2022-YRUC-01-0204)the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.52321005)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52170073)the Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(Grant No.YXQQ2440402223).
文摘Effective water management in large river basins requires a comprehensive understanding of policy effectiveness and regulatory frameworks.However,quantitative assessments of water-related policies remain limited.Here,we propose a novel quantitative framework for evaluating water policies in large river basins,providing an intuitive and systematic approach for decision-makers.Using the Yellow River Basindthe second-largest river basin in Chinadas a case study,we constructed a database of 1271 water-related policies spanning 68 cities.We assessed the completeness of nine representative policies,identifying key gaps in water environment governance.To evaluate management effectiveness,we developed a system integrating two key subsystems:water resource utilization and water environment treatment,incorporating climatic,economic,and industrial factors.Our findings reveal that water environment governance policies were more effective than those targeting water resource utilization,though their impact was delayed by one to two years.Furthermore,a risk-based analysis pinpointed critical water management challenges in each city,offering actionable insights for policy optimization.This framework provides a robust and scalable approach for assessing the effectiveness of complex water policies in large river basins,with global applicability for improving water governance.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1300203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42371329 and 32301285)。
文摘Accurate quantification of tree populations within regions is critical for evaluating forest ecosystem conditions and developing effective forest management strategies[1].High-quality tree census data,collected through field surveys and remote sensing technologies,is fundamental to China's sustainable development and environmental conservation initiatives.This data facilitates the monitoring of forest structural changes,carbon sequestration dynamics,and ecosystem health evaluations.Notably,China maintains the world's largest managed forest area,achieved through comprehensive national afforestation and reforestation programs[2,3].Consequently,precise tree enumeration is crucial for formulating effective forest management policies,monitoring and protecting wildlife habitats,and preventing natural disasters in China.
