With the aging global population,the decline in muscle mass and function among the elderly has emerged as a significant concern.This systemic progressive generalized loss of muscle function and mass is referred to as ...With the aging global population,the decline in muscle mass and function among the elderly has emerged as a significant concern.This systemic progressive generalized loss of muscle function and mass is referred to as sarcopenia(SP).In recent years,a growing number of studies have investigated SP,revealing that many tumor diseases,especially in the digestive system,promote its occurrence due to the influence of the disease itself,diet,and other factors.Moreover,SP patients tend to have poorer postoperative recovery.At present,many diagnostic methods have been developed for SP,but no unified standard has been established.Furthermore,the cutoff values of many diagnostic methods for different populations are still in the exploratory stage,and additional clinical studies are required to explore these issues.This article comprehensively and systematically summarizes the diagnostic methods and criteria mentioned in previous research,focusing on the impact of SP on post-surgical patients with various malignant tumors.展开更多
Objective:To develop a survival prediction model for primary conjunctival malignant tumors.Methods:Detailed information on cases diagnosed with primary conjunctival malignant tumors from 2000 to 2019 was collected fro...Objective:To develop a survival prediction model for primary conjunctival malignant tumors.Methods:Detailed information on cases diagnosed with primary conjunctival malignant tumors from 2000 to 2019 was collected from SEER database.Subsequently,cases meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either the development group(1,216 cases)or validation group(608 cases).Relevant risk factors affecting overall survival(OS)were identified using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.A nomogram was constructed to predict the 1-year,3-year,and 5-year survival rates.The concordance index(C index)was calculated to assess the predictive power of the model.Receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC curves)and calibration curves were plotted.The area under the curve(AUC)was measured.Decision curve analysis(DCA)was also applied.Results:The overall survival rate was 77.8%.Statistically significant differences in the survival time distribution were observed among groups based on age(P<0.001),histology(P<0.001),and stage(P=0.01).According to the multivariate analysis,patients with lymphoma,younger age,and localized lesions exhibited better survival outcomes.The C-index of the constructed model was 0.79.In the training group,the AUC values for predicting 1-year,3-year,and 5-year mortality were 0.824,0.796,and 0.815,respectively.In the validation group,age corresponding AU values were 0.750,0.820,and 0.838.The DCA results demonstrated a significant advantage of the model,while the calibration plots indicated that the predicted OS was in good agreement with the actual OS in both groups.Conclusions:This study presents a satisfying survival prediction model for malignant conjunctival tumors.展开更多
The integration of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of malignant tumors is becoming increasingly widespread.By combining modern medical technology with traditional Chinese medicine,this approach enhances ...The integration of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of malignant tumors is becoming increasingly widespread.By combining modern medical technology with traditional Chinese medicine,this approach enhances therapeutic efficacy while reducing side effects.This paper reviews the principles and mechanisms of integrated therapy and analyzes its clinical applications and advantages.Studies indicate that this approach is effective in treating common malignancies such as lung,stomach,and liver cancer,especially in slowing tumor progression,relieving symptoms,and improving patients’quality of life.Chemotherapy combined with Chinese medicine has shown positive effects on survival rates and immune function.However,limitations remain,including insufficient clinical trial data and differences in efficacy across different cancer types,necessitating further high-quality studies.Overall,integrated Chinese and Western medicine offers advantages such as reduced side effects,improved survival rates,and enhanced immune function,providing a comprehensive treatment strategy and a theoretical foundation for its clinical application.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects and safety of Dioscorea Decoction combined with Coix Seed in treating cancer cachexia(spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome)in malignant tumor patients.Methods:A total...Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects and safety of Dioscorea Decoction combined with Coix Seed in treating cancer cachexia(spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome)in malignant tumor patients.Methods:A total of 90 patients with cancer cachexia admitted between June 2024 and June 2025 were randomly divided into a control group and a study group(45 cases each)using a random number generator.Both groups received antitumor therapy,oral megestrol acetate capsules,and conventional nutritional intervention.The study group additionally received oral Dioscorea Decoction combined with Coix Seed.Differences in TCM syndrome scores,nutritional indicators(serum albumin,hemoglobin),and adverse reactions were compared before and after treatment.Results:Baseline TCM syndrome scores and nutritional indicators were comparable between the two groups before treatment.After treatment,both groups showed significant reductions in TCM syndrome scores and increases in serum albumin and hemoglobin levels.The study group exhibited lower TCM syndrome scores and higher serum albumin and hemoglobin levels than the control group,with statistically significant differences.No significant difference in adverse reaction rates was observed between the two groups.Conclusion:Dioscorea Decoction combined with Coix Seed can further improve nutritional status,alleviate clinical symptoms,and demonstrate good safety in treating cancer cachexia patients.展开更多
This review focuses on the metabolic issues related to mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase(PDP)in malignant tumors and its potential mechanisms.Recent research on tumor metabolic mechanisms has shown that...This review focuses on the metabolic issues related to mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase(PDP)in malignant tumors and its potential mechanisms.Recent research on tumor metabolic mechanisms has shown that PDP dysregulation is closely linked to metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells,and potentially promotes tumor.Research has comprehensively explored the structural-functional characteristics of PDP,its metabolic regulatory mechanisms,and its role in various types of malignant tumors.Nevertheless,several questions still exist regarding its potential mechanisms within acetylation,phosphorylation,hypoxia,immune infiltration,mitochondrial metabolism,drug resistance,oxidative phosphorylation,and tumor prognosis.This article intends to summarize the latest research,examine PDP’s potential as a therapeutic target,and propose future research directions to enhance cancer treatment strategies.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the role of collagen IV and PAS positive substancesecreted by tumor cells in vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and the effects of VM on tumor cells expressingVEGF. Methods: 158 cases of bi-direction ...Objective: To investigate the role of collagen IV and PAS positive substancesecreted by tumor cells in vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and the effects of VM on tumor cells expressingVEGF. Methods: 158 cases of bi-direction differential malignant tumor specimens withparaffin-embedded were enrolled into our study and made tissue microarray which were dual-stainedwith CD31-PAS and stained with collagen IV. The difference of the areas and distribution withpattern surrounded by between CD31 and PAS positive respectively were identified via grid-counting,as well as the difference of VEGF expression with VE absent and present. Results: The basementmembrane of VM was both PAS and collagen IV positive. VEGF expression in the bi-directiondifferential malignant tumor was higher VM-absent than VM-present and the difference wasstatistically significance in malignant melanoma and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (P 【 0.05).Conclusion: PAS positive substance and collagen IV compose the wall of VE and VE could provide theoxygen and nutrition for tumor growth and progression.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the expression levels and significance of TFPI, uPA, uPAR and PAI in malignant patients. Methods: The levels of TFPI, uPA and uPAR were measured by using ELISA and the level of PAI was determ...Objective: To investigate the expression levels and significance of TFPI, uPA, uPAR and PAI in malignant patients. Methods: The levels of TFPI, uPA and uPAR were measured by using ELISA and the level of PAI was determined by method of chromogenic substrates in 44 patients with malignant solid tumors (group A1) and 30 patients with acute leukemia (AL, group A2). Results: The levels of TFPI, uPA, and uPAR in group A1 were higher than those in normal control group (group B). TFPI, uPAR levels in group A2 were higher than those in group B, while the level of PAI in group A2 was lower than that in group B. Among the groups, TFPI was increased in the combined infection group; PAI decreased in the hemorrhage group; TFPI, uPA, uPAR and PAI increased in relapsing and metastasis group; TFPI decreased in one-week dead group, while uPA and uPAR increased. Conclusion: The patients with malignant solid tumor and AL had different anticoagulation or fibrinolysis states. TFPI, uPA, Upar and PAI can be used to evaluate the disease condition and the prognosis.展开更多
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of grain-shaped moxibustion in reinforcing healthy qi and dispelling pathogen and to explore the possible mechanisms of grain-shaped moxibustion in improving immune function ...Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of grain-shaped moxibustion in reinforcing healthy qi and dispelling pathogen and to explore the possible mechanisms of grain-shaped moxibustion in improving immune function of patients through determining the expression level of IL-12 in peripheral blood of patients. Methods Seventy patients undergoing chemotherapy due to deficiency of both qi and blood type of malignant tumor in the departments of traditional Chinese medicine and oncology in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School from January 2014 to January 2015 were randomly divided into a chemotherapy group（group A） and a chemotherapy combined with grain-shaped moxibustion group（group B） by sortition, 35 cases in each one. Patients in both groups received chemotherapy, while patients in group B also received grain-shaped moxibustionat on bilateral Zúsānl（足三里 ST 36）, which was performed once daily, 7 cones every time, for a total of continuous 20 days. Before and after treatment, the expression level of IL-12 in peripheral blood of patients was determined using ELISA method. Results After chemotherapy, the expression level of IL-12 in patients was significantly lower than that before treatment. After two courses of adjuvant therapy of grain-shaped moxibustion, the expression level of IL-12 in chemotherapy patients slightly increased and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Grain-shaped moxibustion can increase the expression of IL-12 in peripheral blood of patients, promote the T cellmediated immune response and achieve immunoregulation and anti-tumor effects.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the clinical presentation,treatment and survival of patients with primary malignant tumor of small bowel(PMTSB).METHODS:Clinicopathologic data about 141 surgically treated PMTSB patients(91 males and 5...AIM:To evaluate the clinical presentation,treatment and survival of patients with primary malignant tumor of small bowel(PMTSB).METHODS:Clinicopathologic data about 141 surgically treated PMTSB patients(91 males and 50 females) at the median age of 53.5 years(range 23-79 years) were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS:The most common initial clinical features of the patients were intermittent abdominal discomfort or vague abdominal pain(67.4%),abdominal mass(31.2%),bowel obstruction(24.1%),hemotochezia(21.3%),jaundice(16.3%),fever(14.2%),coexistence of bowel perforation and peritonitis(5.7%),coexistence of gastrointestinal bleeding and shock(5.0%),and intraabdominal bleeding(1.4%).Ileum was the most common site of tumor(44.7%),followed by jejunum(30.5%)and duodenum(24.8%).PMTSB had a nonspecific clinical presentation.Segmental bowel resection(n=81)was the most common surgical procedure,followed by right hemicolectomy(n=15),pancreaticoduodenectomy(n=10),and others(n=19).Twenty-seven adenocarcinoma patients and 13 malignant lymphoma patients received adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide,adriamycin,vincristine and prednisone,respectively.Information about 120 patients was obtained during the follow-up.The median survival time of PMTSB patients was 20.3 mo.The 1-,3-and 5-year survival rate was 75.0%(90/120),40.0%(48/120)and 20.8%(25/120),respectively.Adenocarcinoma was found in 73.7%(42/57),21.1%(12/57)and 15.8%(9/57)of the patients,respec-tively.Gastrointestinal stromal tumor was observed in 80.0%(20/25),72.0%(18/25)and 36.0%(9/25)of the patients,respectively.Carcinoid was detected in 100.0%(15/15),80.0%(12/15)and 46.7%(7/15)of the patients,respectively.Malignant lymphoma was demonstrated in 69.2%(9/13),30.8%(4/13)and 0%(0/13)of the patients,respectively.CONCLUSION:En bloc resection is the principal therapy for most PMTSB and chemotherapy is the important treatment modality for malignant lymphoma and other malignant tumors of small bowel which cannot be radically removed.展开更多
The treatment and prognosis of malignant tumors are closely related to the time when the tumors are diagnosed;the earlier the diagnosis of the tumor,the better the prognosis.However,most tumors are not detected in the...The treatment and prognosis of malignant tumors are closely related to the time when the tumors are diagnosed;the earlier the diagnosis of the tumor,the better the prognosis.However,most tumors are not detected in the early stages of screening and diagnosis.It is of great clinical significance to study the correlation between multiple pathogeneses of tumors and explore simple,safe,specific,and sensitive molecular indicators for early screening,diagnosis,and prognosis.The Septin 9(SEPT9)gene has been found to be associated with a variety of human diseases,and it plays a role in the development of tumors.SEPT9 is a member of the conserved family of cytoskeletal GTPase,which consists of a P-loop-based GTP-binding domain flanked by a variable N-terminal region and a C-terminal region.SEPT9 is involved in many biological processes such as cytokinesis,polarization,vesicle trafficking,membrane reconstruction,deoxyribonucleic acid repair,cell migration,and apoptosis.Several studies have shown that SEPT9 may serve as a marker for early screening,diagnosis,and prognosis of some malignant tumors,and have the potential to become a new target for anti-cancer therapy.This article reviews the progress in research on the SEPT9 gene in early screening,diagnosis,and prognosis of tumors.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Yishengukang decoction on the expression of the metabolic bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen(PICP), and car...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Yishengukang decoction on the expression of the metabolic bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen(PICP), and carboxyterminal cross-linked telepeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(ICTP), in cancer patients with bone metastasis.METHODS: Patients(n = 180) were divided into three groups:(a) bone metastasis patients treated with Yishengukang and pamidronate disodium injection(treatment group, n = 60);(b) bone metastasis patients treated with pamidronate disodium injection alone(control group, n = 60);(c) cancer patients without metastatic bone lesion(non-bone metastasis group, n = 60). Serum levels of the metabolic markers BAP, PICP, and ICTP were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay pre- and post-therapy.RESULTS: A significant decrease in serum BAP level was observed in the treatment group compared with the control group. However there were no significant differences in serum levels of PICP and ICTP before or after treatment compared with the control group.CONCLUSION: Yishengukang decoction combined with pamidronate disodium injection reduced serum BAP level to a greater extent that pamidronate disodium injection alone. Furthermore, the combined therapy was more beneficial in regulating imbalanced bone metabolism after bone metastasis,and may represent the molecular mechanism underpinning the effects of Yishengukang decoction.展开更多
To get a better understanding of the location,pathophysiology,etiology and prognosis of multiple malignant tumors (MPMT),we evaluated the medical records of 22 patients with MPMT.Our results suggested that radiotherap...To get a better understanding of the location,pathophysiology,etiology and prognosis of multiple malignant tumors (MPMT),we evaluated the medical records of 22 patients with MPMT.Our results suggested that radiotherapy and chemotherapy might play an important role in the pathogenesis of MPMT and follow up is important in detecting a secondary primary malignant tumor (PMT) at an early stage.Surgical removal of tumors is the first choice therapy for MPMT.展开更多
BACKGROUND Clinical reports of multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)in the digestive system are increasing.In China,although the survival rate of patients with MPMTs is increasing,the quality of life is very low.Ma...BACKGROUND Clinical reports of multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)in the digestive system are increasing.In China,although the survival rate of patients with MPMTs is increasing,the quality of life is very low.Many patients have reached the advanced stage when the second primary tumor is found,resulting in no early intervention and treatment.This is due to the misunderstanding of MPMTs by clinicians,who treat such tumors as metastases.Therefore,before a patient has a second primary tumor,doctors should understand some common combinations of digestive system MPMTs to provide clinical guidance to the patient.AIM To explore the high incidence combination of digestive system MPMTs under heterochronism and synchronization.METHODS A total of 1902 patients with MPMTs at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into metachronous MPMT and synchronous MPMT groups,and then the high incidence combinations of the first primary cancer and the second primary cancer in metachronous cancer and synchronous cancer were sorted.Sex and age differences between metachronous and synchronous tumors were tested by the chi square test and t test,respectively.A P value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant,and SPSS version 26.0(SPSS Inc.,Chicago,Illinois,United States)was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Among the 1902 patients with MPMTs confirmed by pathology,1811(95.2%)cases were secondary primary cancers,89(4.7%)cases were tertiary primary cancers,and 2(0.1%)cases were quaternary primary cancers.Most(88.2%)of the secondary primary cancers were identified as metachronous multiple primary cancers six months after diagnosis of the first primary cancer.The top ten most common MPMTs in the first primary cancer group ranged from high to low as follows:Breast cancer,thyroid cancer,nonuterine cancer,lung cancer,colon cancer,kidney cancer,uterine cancer,bladder cancer,rectal cancer,and gastric cancer.The highest incidence rate of the first primary cancer in male metachronous cancer was lung cancer(11.6%),the highest incidence rate of the second primary cancer was still lung cancer(24.9%),the highest incidence rate of the first primary cancer in female metachronous cancer was breast cancer(32.7%),and the highest incidence rate of the second primary cancer was lung cancer(20.8%).Among them,breast cancer,nonuterine cancer and uterine cancer were female-specific malignant tumor types,and thyroid cancer also accounted for 79.6%of female patients.The top five metachronous cancer combinations,independent of female-specific malignant tumor types and thyroid cancer,were colon cancer and lung cancer(26 cases),kidney cancer and lung cancer(25 cases),rectal cancer and lung cancer(20 cases),gastric cancer and lung cancer(17 cases),and bladder cancer and lung cancer(17 cases).The most common synchronous cancer combination was colon cancer and rectal cancer(15 cases).CONCLUSION Screening for lung cancer should be performed six months after the detection of colon cancer while rectal cancer screening should be performed within six months.展开更多
Objective To characterize Chinese families in which both parents and at least one child are diagnosed with malignant diseases and provide reference for cancer screening or early detection in people whose both parents ...Objective To characterize Chinese families in which both parents and at least one child are diagnosed with malignant diseases and provide reference for cancer screening or early detection in people whose both parents are diagnosed with cancer.Methods Medical records of all clients to the center of cancer screening and prevention of the National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital between January 2008 and February 2018 were screened to select families in which both parents and at least one child were diagnosed with malignant diseases.The cancer profiles of fathers,mothers,sons and daughters,their age distribution at diagnosis,and similarity of cancers between two generations were analyzed.The proportions of each cancer in males and females of the cohort were compared with corresponding data from the National Cancer Center Registry of China(NCCRC)in 2013.Results Totally 13S families were identified from records of 33200 clients.Proportion of lung cancer in fathers(40/135,29.6%)and in mothers(38/135,28.1%)were higher than the national data(23.9%in males and 14.9%in females,respectively).The proportion of breast cancer in daughters(35/109,32.1%)was higher than that of mothers(14/135,10.4%)and the national data(17.1%),In 71 father-son pairs of cancer,46.5%(33/71)were of the same systematic disease,and 16.9%(12/71)were of the same cancer.These two indexes were 31.2%(n=34)and 10.1%(n=l 1),respectively in the 109 father-daughter pairs of cancer,36.6%(n=26)and 8.5%(n=6)respectively in the 71 mother-son pairs of cancer,and 31.2%(n=34)and 20.2%(n=20)respectively in the 109 mother-daughter pairs of cancer.Sons were more likely to suffer from cancers originated from the same system as father s cancer than daughters(χ^(2)=4.299,P<0.05),and daughters were more likely to suffer from the same cancer as their mother's cancer than sons(χ^(2)=4.506,P<0.05).The age(mean±standard deviation)of the daughters(52.4±12.7)and the sons(59.4±10.9)at diagnosis were significantly younger than the fathers(65.5±12.2)and the mothers(65.7±12.5)(all P<0.001)・Conclusions For people whose both parents are diagnosed as cancer,screening or early detection examinations should cover a full range of cancers rather than the cancers their father and mother have suffered,or cancers stemmed from the same system as their parents cancers.We suggest screening or early detection program for these special population start earlier than that for the general population,with emphasis on cancers derived from digestive system for males and women-specific cancers,i.e.,breast cancer,ovarian cancer,cervical cancer and uterine cancer for females.展开更多
Objective To discuss the effect of purulent moxibustion on Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） point on the clinical symptoms and life quality of patients with malignant tumor. Methods Sixty patients with malignant tumor were di...Objective To discuss the effect of purulent moxibustion on Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） point on the clinical symptoms and life quality of patients with malignant tumor. Methods Sixty patients with malignant tumor were divided into an observation group and a control group with 30 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with purulent moxibustion on Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） in combination with herbal medicine; the control group was only treated with herbal medicine. After 80 days, the changes of the clinical symptoms and KPS of the two groups before and after the treatment were observed. Results The effective rates for the improvement of lassitude, poor appetite and insomnia in the observation group were 72.4% （21/29） ,25.0% （15/20） ,71.4% （15/21）, and those in the control group were 42.9%（12/28） ,55.6% （10/18） ,42.9% （6/14）, and there was no statistical significance of difference between the two groups（P〉0.05）. KPS has statistical significance in the two groups after the treatment （P〈0.01）,and the observation group was higher than the control group. Conclusion Purulent moxibustion on the point of Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） has certain effect to improve the clinical symptoms of patients with malignant tumor, and raise KPS and upgrade the life quality of patients.展开更多
Many digestive system malignant tumors are characterized by high incidence and mortality rate.Increasing evidence has revealed that the tumor microenvironment(TME)is involved in cancer initiation and tumor progression...Many digestive system malignant tumors are characterized by high incidence and mortality rate.Increasing evidence has revealed that the tumor microenvironment(TME)is involved in cancer initiation and tumor progression.Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)are a predominant constituent of the TME,and participate in the regulation of various biological behaviors and influence the prognosis of digestive system cancer.TAMs can be mainly classified into the antitumor M1 phenotype and protumor M2 phenotype.The latter especially are crucial drivers of tumor invasion,growth,angiogenesis,metastasis,immunosuppression,and resistance to therapy.TAMs are of importance in the occurrence,development,diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of common digestive system malignant tumors.In this review,we summarize the role of TAMs in common digestive system malignant tumors,including esophageal,gastric,colorectal,pancreatic and liver cancers.How TAMs promote the development of tumors,and how they act as potential therapeutic targets and their clinical applications are also described.展开更多
Malignant tumors are major causes of morbidity and mortality in China.Despite advances in surgical,radiological,chemotherapeutic,molecular targeting,and immunotherapeutic treatments,patients with malignant tumors stil...Malignant tumors are major causes of morbidity and mortality in China.Despite advances in surgical,radiological,chemotherapeutic,molecular targeting,and immunotherapeutic treatments,patients with malignant tumors still have poor prognoses.Low-dose-rate brachytherapy,specifically 125I seed implantation,is beneficial because of its high local delivery dose and minimal damage to surrounding tissues.Consequently,it has gained increasing acceptance as a treatment modality for various malignant tumors.In this study,we explored the fundamental principles,clinical applications,and new technologies associated with 125I radioactive seed implantation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)was first described by Billroth as early as 1889,with the first report published by Warren and Gates in 1932.Since then,numerous cases have been reported.A literature...BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)was first described by Billroth as early as 1889,with the first report published by Warren and Gates in 1932.Since then,numerous cases have been reported.A literature review of 1104269 patients with cancer revealed that the incidence of MPMTs ranged from 0.73 to 11.7%.In recent years,however,there has been a significant upward trend in the incidence of this phenomenon,which may be associated with many different factors,including the advancement of modern diagnostic procedures facilitating the examination and diagnosis of more MPMTs,increased exposure to chemotherapy and radiotherapy that exacerbate the risk of new malignant tumors in patients with cancer,and prolonged survival of patients with cancer allowing sufficient time for the development of new primary cancers.AIM To analyze the incidence,clinical features,treatment factors,prevalence,and prognosis of patients with MPMTs in the gastrointestinal tract treated in a single center.Additionally,we analyzed the different tumor combinations,time interval between the occurrence of tumors,and staging.METHODS This retrospective cohort study analyzed 8059 patients with pathologically confirmed gastrointestinal malignant tumors treated at the Gansu Province Hospital in Lanzhou,Gansu,China between June 2011 and June 2020.Of these,85 patients had MPMTs.The clinical features,treatment factors,prevalence,and prognosis of this latter cohort were analyzed.RESULTS The incidence of MPMTs in patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors was 1.05%(85/8059),including 83 double primary malignant tumors and two triple primary malignant tumors of which 57(67.06%)were synchronous MPMTs(SMPMTs)and 28(32.94%)were metachronous MPMTs(MMPMTs).The most frequent associations were found between the rectum colon cancers within the SMPMT category and the gastric-colon cancers within the MMPMT category.For the MMPMTs,the median interval was 53 months.The overall 1-,3-and 5-year survival rates from diagnosis of the first primary cancer were 91.36%,65.41%,and 45.97%,respectively;those from diagnosis of the second primary cancer were 67.90%,29.90%,and 17.37%,respectively.CONCLUSION MPMTs in the gastrointestinal tract have a high incidence and poor prognosis.Thus,it is necessary to perform both gastroscopy and colonoscopy in patients with gastrointestinal tumors.Multidisciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment may improve the diagnosis rate and treatment efficiency of MPMTs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Few relevant literature reports on applying acupoint press-needle embedding combined with emotional nursing in patients with a gynecological malignant tumor.AIM To explore the effect of traditional Chinese ...BACKGROUND Few relevant literature reports on applying acupoint press-needle embedding combined with emotional nursing in patients with a gynecological malignant tumor.AIM To explore the effect of traditional Chinese medicine acupoint needle embedding combined with emotional nursing on chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting(CINV),cancer-related fatigue(CRF)and psychological state in patients with gynecological malignant tumors.METHODS Retrospective analysis of the clinical information of 84 patients with gynecological malignant tumors treated in our hospital from August 2020 to December 2022 Led to the development of an observation group(n=42)and a control group(n=42)based on various nursing approaches.Ondansetron hydrochloride injection was administered to the individuals in the control group.However,the observation group received emotional nursing based on the control group and acupoint pressneedle embedding of traditional Chinese medicine.Patients in both groups received the chemotherapy regimen of paclitaxel liposome+carbo-platin/cisplatin.For four weeks,both groups intervened.The CINV grade,quality of life,CRF,psychological status and sleep quality scores of the two groups before and RESULTS After intervention,the degree of CINV in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group.After intervention,the scores of each dimension and total score of FLIE scale were significantly higher than those in the control group.After intervention,the scores of each dimension and total score of Piper Fatigue Scale were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of avoidance and yield dimensions in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the scores of confrontation dimension were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the sleep quality score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the Karnofsky Performance Status scale score was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The acupuncture point needle embedding of traditional Chinese medicine combined with emotional nursing can further reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in patients with gynecological malignant tumors,improve the quality of life and the degree of CRF,alleviate the bad psychological state,adopt a positive way to face the disease and treatment,and improve the quality of sleep and quality of life.展开更多
文摘With the aging global population,the decline in muscle mass and function among the elderly has emerged as a significant concern.This systemic progressive generalized loss of muscle function and mass is referred to as sarcopenia(SP).In recent years,a growing number of studies have investigated SP,revealing that many tumor diseases,especially in the digestive system,promote its occurrence due to the influence of the disease itself,diet,and other factors.Moreover,SP patients tend to have poorer postoperative recovery.At present,many diagnostic methods have been developed for SP,but no unified standard has been established.Furthermore,the cutoff values of many diagnostic methods for different populations are still in the exploratory stage,and additional clinical studies are required to explore these issues.This article comprehensively and systematically summarizes the diagnostic methods and criteria mentioned in previous research,focusing on the impact of SP on post-surgical patients with various malignant tumors.
文摘Objective:To develop a survival prediction model for primary conjunctival malignant tumors.Methods:Detailed information on cases diagnosed with primary conjunctival malignant tumors from 2000 to 2019 was collected from SEER database.Subsequently,cases meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either the development group(1,216 cases)or validation group(608 cases).Relevant risk factors affecting overall survival(OS)were identified using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.A nomogram was constructed to predict the 1-year,3-year,and 5-year survival rates.The concordance index(C index)was calculated to assess the predictive power of the model.Receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC curves)and calibration curves were plotted.The area under the curve(AUC)was measured.Decision curve analysis(DCA)was also applied.Results:The overall survival rate was 77.8%.Statistically significant differences in the survival time distribution were observed among groups based on age(P<0.001),histology(P<0.001),and stage(P=0.01).According to the multivariate analysis,patients with lymphoma,younger age,and localized lesions exhibited better survival outcomes.The C-index of the constructed model was 0.79.In the training group,the AUC values for predicting 1-year,3-year,and 5-year mortality were 0.824,0.796,and 0.815,respectively.In the validation group,age corresponding AU values were 0.750,0.820,and 0.838.The DCA results demonstrated a significant advantage of the model,while the calibration plots indicated that the predicted OS was in good agreement with the actual OS in both groups.Conclusions:This study presents a satisfying survival prediction model for malignant conjunctival tumors.
文摘The integration of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of malignant tumors is becoming increasingly widespread.By combining modern medical technology with traditional Chinese medicine,this approach enhances therapeutic efficacy while reducing side effects.This paper reviews the principles and mechanisms of integrated therapy and analyzes its clinical applications and advantages.Studies indicate that this approach is effective in treating common malignancies such as lung,stomach,and liver cancer,especially in slowing tumor progression,relieving symptoms,and improving patients’quality of life.Chemotherapy combined with Chinese medicine has shown positive effects on survival rates and immune function.However,limitations remain,including insufficient clinical trial data and differences in efficacy across different cancer types,necessitating further high-quality studies.Overall,integrated Chinese and Western medicine offers advantages such as reduced side effects,improved survival rates,and enhanced immune function,providing a comprehensive treatment strategy and a theoretical foundation for its clinical application.
文摘Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects and safety of Dioscorea Decoction combined with Coix Seed in treating cancer cachexia(spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome)in malignant tumor patients.Methods:A total of 90 patients with cancer cachexia admitted between June 2024 and June 2025 were randomly divided into a control group and a study group(45 cases each)using a random number generator.Both groups received antitumor therapy,oral megestrol acetate capsules,and conventional nutritional intervention.The study group additionally received oral Dioscorea Decoction combined with Coix Seed.Differences in TCM syndrome scores,nutritional indicators(serum albumin,hemoglobin),and adverse reactions were compared before and after treatment.Results:Baseline TCM syndrome scores and nutritional indicators were comparable between the two groups before treatment.After treatment,both groups showed significant reductions in TCM syndrome scores and increases in serum albumin and hemoglobin levels.The study group exhibited lower TCM syndrome scores and higher serum albumin and hemoglobin levels than the control group,with statistically significant differences.No significant difference in adverse reaction rates was observed between the two groups.Conclusion:Dioscorea Decoction combined with Coix Seed can further improve nutritional status,alleviate clinical symptoms,and demonstrate good safety in treating cancer cachexia patients.
基金funded by National Social Science Foundation if Gansu Province(24JRRA694)Scientific and Technological Development Guiding Plan Project of Lanzhou City(2023-ZD-62,2024-9-52)GanSu Health Industry Planning Project(GSWSKY2024-51).
文摘This review focuses on the metabolic issues related to mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase(PDP)in malignant tumors and its potential mechanisms.Recent research on tumor metabolic mechanisms has shown that PDP dysregulation is closely linked to metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells,and potentially promotes tumor.Research has comprehensively explored the structural-functional characteristics of PDP,its metabolic regulatory mechanisms,and its role in various types of malignant tumors.Nevertheless,several questions still exist regarding its potential mechanisms within acetylation,phosphorylation,hypoxia,immune infiltration,mitochondrial metabolism,drug resistance,oxidative phosphorylation,and tumor prognosis.This article intends to summarize the latest research,examine PDP’s potential as a therapeutic target,and propose future research directions to enhance cancer treatment strategies.
基金This work was partially supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30370378)
文摘Objective: To investigate the role of collagen IV and PAS positive substancesecreted by tumor cells in vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and the effects of VM on tumor cells expressingVEGF. Methods: 158 cases of bi-direction differential malignant tumor specimens withparaffin-embedded were enrolled into our study and made tissue microarray which were dual-stainedwith CD31-PAS and stained with collagen IV. The difference of the areas and distribution withpattern surrounded by between CD31 and PAS positive respectively were identified via grid-counting,as well as the difference of VEGF expression with VE absent and present. Results: The basementmembrane of VM was both PAS and collagen IV positive. VEGF expression in the bi-directiondifferential malignant tumor was higher VM-absent than VM-present and the difference wasstatistically significance in malignant melanoma and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (P 【 0.05).Conclusion: PAS positive substance and collagen IV compose the wall of VE and VE could provide theoxygen and nutrition for tumor growth and progression.
文摘Objective: To investigate the expression levels and significance of TFPI, uPA, uPAR and PAI in malignant patients. Methods: The levels of TFPI, uPA and uPAR were measured by using ELISA and the level of PAI was determined by method of chromogenic substrates in 44 patients with malignant solid tumors (group A1) and 30 patients with acute leukemia (AL, group A2). Results: The levels of TFPI, uPA, and uPAR in group A1 were higher than those in normal control group (group B). TFPI, uPAR levels in group A2 were higher than those in group B, while the level of PAI in group A2 was lower than that in group B. Among the groups, TFPI was increased in the combined infection group; PAI decreased in the hemorrhage group; TFPI, uPA, uPAR and PAI increased in relapsing and metastasis group; TFPI decreased in one-week dead group, while uPA and uPAR increased. Conclusion: The patients with malignant solid tumor and AL had different anticoagulation or fibrinolysis states. TFPI, uPA, Upar and PAI can be used to evaluate the disease condition and the prognosis.
文摘Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of grain-shaped moxibustion in reinforcing healthy qi and dispelling pathogen and to explore the possible mechanisms of grain-shaped moxibustion in improving immune function of patients through determining the expression level of IL-12 in peripheral blood of patients. Methods Seventy patients undergoing chemotherapy due to deficiency of both qi and blood type of malignant tumor in the departments of traditional Chinese medicine and oncology in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School from January 2014 to January 2015 were randomly divided into a chemotherapy group（group A） and a chemotherapy combined with grain-shaped moxibustion group（group B） by sortition, 35 cases in each one. Patients in both groups received chemotherapy, while patients in group B also received grain-shaped moxibustionat on bilateral Zúsānl（足三里 ST 36）, which was performed once daily, 7 cones every time, for a total of continuous 20 days. Before and after treatment, the expression level of IL-12 in peripheral blood of patients was determined using ELISA method. Results After chemotherapy, the expression level of IL-12 in patients was significantly lower than that before treatment. After two courses of adjuvant therapy of grain-shaped moxibustion, the expression level of IL-12 in chemotherapy patients slightly increased and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Grain-shaped moxibustion can increase the expression of IL-12 in peripheral blood of patients, promote the T cellmediated immune response and achieve immunoregulation and anti-tumor effects.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the clinical presentation,treatment and survival of patients with primary malignant tumor of small bowel(PMTSB).METHODS:Clinicopathologic data about 141 surgically treated PMTSB patients(91 males and 50 females) at the median age of 53.5 years(range 23-79 years) were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS:The most common initial clinical features of the patients were intermittent abdominal discomfort or vague abdominal pain(67.4%),abdominal mass(31.2%),bowel obstruction(24.1%),hemotochezia(21.3%),jaundice(16.3%),fever(14.2%),coexistence of bowel perforation and peritonitis(5.7%),coexistence of gastrointestinal bleeding and shock(5.0%),and intraabdominal bleeding(1.4%).Ileum was the most common site of tumor(44.7%),followed by jejunum(30.5%)and duodenum(24.8%).PMTSB had a nonspecific clinical presentation.Segmental bowel resection(n=81)was the most common surgical procedure,followed by right hemicolectomy(n=15),pancreaticoduodenectomy(n=10),and others(n=19).Twenty-seven adenocarcinoma patients and 13 malignant lymphoma patients received adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide,adriamycin,vincristine and prednisone,respectively.Information about 120 patients was obtained during the follow-up.The median survival time of PMTSB patients was 20.3 mo.The 1-,3-and 5-year survival rate was 75.0%(90/120),40.0%(48/120)and 20.8%(25/120),respectively.Adenocarcinoma was found in 73.7%(42/57),21.1%(12/57)and 15.8%(9/57)of the patients,respec-tively.Gastrointestinal stromal tumor was observed in 80.0%(20/25),72.0%(18/25)and 36.0%(9/25)of the patients,respectively.Carcinoid was detected in 100.0%(15/15),80.0%(12/15)and 46.7%(7/15)of the patients,respectively.Malignant lymphoma was demonstrated in 69.2%(9/13),30.8%(4/13)and 0%(0/13)of the patients,respectively.CONCLUSION:En bloc resection is the principal therapy for most PMTSB and chemotherapy is the important treatment modality for malignant lymphoma and other malignant tumors of small bowel which cannot be radically removed.
文摘The treatment and prognosis of malignant tumors are closely related to the time when the tumors are diagnosed;the earlier the diagnosis of the tumor,the better the prognosis.However,most tumors are not detected in the early stages of screening and diagnosis.It is of great clinical significance to study the correlation between multiple pathogeneses of tumors and explore simple,safe,specific,and sensitive molecular indicators for early screening,diagnosis,and prognosis.The Septin 9(SEPT9)gene has been found to be associated with a variety of human diseases,and it plays a role in the development of tumors.SEPT9 is a member of the conserved family of cytoskeletal GTPase,which consists of a P-loop-based GTP-binding domain flanked by a variable N-terminal region and a C-terminal region.SEPT9 is involved in many biological processes such as cytokinesis,polarization,vesicle trafficking,membrane reconstruction,deoxyribonucleic acid repair,cell migration,and apoptosis.Several studies have shown that SEPT9 may serve as a marker for early screening,diagnosis,and prognosis of some malignant tumors,and have the potential to become a new target for anti-cancer therapy.This article reviews the progress in research on the SEPT9 gene in early screening,diagnosis,and prognosis of tumors.
基金Wangjing Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Program:Clinical Study on Improving the Life Quality of Cancer Patients by Nourishing Yin and Tonifying the Kidney(No.2007-01)Specific Science and Technology Improvement Project of Beijing Traditional Chinese Medical Science and Technology Development Fund:Clinical Study on Chinese Herbs of Bushen Huayu Combined with Hyperthermia in Treating Bone Metastatic Pain(No.KJTS2011-13)Beijing Science and Technology Program"the Capital of special":Clinical Study on Chinese Herbs of Fuzheng Jiedu Huayu in Treating Cancer Pain(Z141107002514045)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Yishengukang decoction on the expression of the metabolic bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), carboxyterminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen(PICP), and carboxyterminal cross-linked telepeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(ICTP), in cancer patients with bone metastasis.METHODS: Patients(n = 180) were divided into three groups:(a) bone metastasis patients treated with Yishengukang and pamidronate disodium injection(treatment group, n = 60);(b) bone metastasis patients treated with pamidronate disodium injection alone(control group, n = 60);(c) cancer patients without metastatic bone lesion(non-bone metastasis group, n = 60). Serum levels of the metabolic markers BAP, PICP, and ICTP were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay pre- and post-therapy.RESULTS: A significant decrease in serum BAP level was observed in the treatment group compared with the control group. However there were no significant differences in serum levels of PICP and ICTP before or after treatment compared with the control group.CONCLUSION: Yishengukang decoction combined with pamidronate disodium injection reduced serum BAP level to a greater extent that pamidronate disodium injection alone. Furthermore, the combined therapy was more beneficial in regulating imbalanced bone metabolism after bone metastasis,and may represent the molecular mechanism underpinning the effects of Yishengukang decoction.
文摘To get a better understanding of the location,pathophysiology,etiology and prognosis of multiple malignant tumors (MPMT),we evaluated the medical records of 22 patients with MPMT.Our results suggested that radiotherapy and chemotherapy might play an important role in the pathogenesis of MPMT and follow up is important in detecting a secondary primary malignant tumor (PMT) at an early stage.Surgical removal of tumors is the first choice therapy for MPMT.
基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,No.2021-I2M-1-061 and 2021-1-I2M-003CSCOhengrui Cancer Research Fund,No.Y-HR2019-0239+1 种基金CSCO-MSD Cancer Research Fund,No.Y-MSDZD2021-0213National Ten-thousand Talent Program。
文摘BACKGROUND Clinical reports of multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)in the digestive system are increasing.In China,although the survival rate of patients with MPMTs is increasing,the quality of life is very low.Many patients have reached the advanced stage when the second primary tumor is found,resulting in no early intervention and treatment.This is due to the misunderstanding of MPMTs by clinicians,who treat such tumors as metastases.Therefore,before a patient has a second primary tumor,doctors should understand some common combinations of digestive system MPMTs to provide clinical guidance to the patient.AIM To explore the high incidence combination of digestive system MPMTs under heterochronism and synchronization.METHODS A total of 1902 patients with MPMTs at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into metachronous MPMT and synchronous MPMT groups,and then the high incidence combinations of the first primary cancer and the second primary cancer in metachronous cancer and synchronous cancer were sorted.Sex and age differences between metachronous and synchronous tumors were tested by the chi square test and t test,respectively.A P value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant,and SPSS version 26.0(SPSS Inc.,Chicago,Illinois,United States)was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Among the 1902 patients with MPMTs confirmed by pathology,1811(95.2%)cases were secondary primary cancers,89(4.7%)cases were tertiary primary cancers,and 2(0.1%)cases were quaternary primary cancers.Most(88.2%)of the secondary primary cancers were identified as metachronous multiple primary cancers six months after diagnosis of the first primary cancer.The top ten most common MPMTs in the first primary cancer group ranged from high to low as follows:Breast cancer,thyroid cancer,nonuterine cancer,lung cancer,colon cancer,kidney cancer,uterine cancer,bladder cancer,rectal cancer,and gastric cancer.The highest incidence rate of the first primary cancer in male metachronous cancer was lung cancer(11.6%),the highest incidence rate of the second primary cancer was still lung cancer(24.9%),the highest incidence rate of the first primary cancer in female metachronous cancer was breast cancer(32.7%),and the highest incidence rate of the second primary cancer was lung cancer(20.8%).Among them,breast cancer,nonuterine cancer and uterine cancer were female-specific malignant tumor types,and thyroid cancer also accounted for 79.6%of female patients.The top five metachronous cancer combinations,independent of female-specific malignant tumor types and thyroid cancer,were colon cancer and lung cancer(26 cases),kidney cancer and lung cancer(25 cases),rectal cancer and lung cancer(20 cases),gastric cancer and lung cancer(17 cases),and bladder cancer and lung cancer(17 cases).The most common synchronous cancer combination was colon cancer and rectal cancer(15 cases).CONCLUSION Screening for lung cancer should be performed six months after the detection of colon cancer while rectal cancer screening should be performed within six months.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC1308700)Peking Union Medical College Discipline Development Project(201920200303).
文摘Objective To characterize Chinese families in which both parents and at least one child are diagnosed with malignant diseases and provide reference for cancer screening or early detection in people whose both parents are diagnosed with cancer.Methods Medical records of all clients to the center of cancer screening and prevention of the National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital between January 2008 and February 2018 were screened to select families in which both parents and at least one child were diagnosed with malignant diseases.The cancer profiles of fathers,mothers,sons and daughters,their age distribution at diagnosis,and similarity of cancers between two generations were analyzed.The proportions of each cancer in males and females of the cohort were compared with corresponding data from the National Cancer Center Registry of China(NCCRC)in 2013.Results Totally 13S families were identified from records of 33200 clients.Proportion of lung cancer in fathers(40/135,29.6%)and in mothers(38/135,28.1%)were higher than the national data(23.9%in males and 14.9%in females,respectively).The proportion of breast cancer in daughters(35/109,32.1%)was higher than that of mothers(14/135,10.4%)and the national data(17.1%),In 71 father-son pairs of cancer,46.5%(33/71)were of the same systematic disease,and 16.9%(12/71)were of the same cancer.These two indexes were 31.2%(n=34)and 10.1%(n=l 1),respectively in the 109 father-daughter pairs of cancer,36.6%(n=26)and 8.5%(n=6)respectively in the 71 mother-son pairs of cancer,and 31.2%(n=34)and 20.2%(n=20)respectively in the 109 mother-daughter pairs of cancer.Sons were more likely to suffer from cancers originated from the same system as father s cancer than daughters(χ^(2)=4.299,P<0.05),and daughters were more likely to suffer from the same cancer as their mother's cancer than sons(χ^(2)=4.506,P<0.05).The age(mean±standard deviation)of the daughters(52.4±12.7)and the sons(59.4±10.9)at diagnosis were significantly younger than the fathers(65.5±12.2)and the mothers(65.7±12.5)(all P<0.001)・Conclusions For people whose both parents are diagnosed as cancer,screening or early detection examinations should cover a full range of cancers rather than the cancers their father and mother have suffered,or cancers stemmed from the same system as their parents cancers.We suggest screening or early detection program for these special population start earlier than that for the general population,with emphasis on cancers derived from digestive system for males and women-specific cancers,i.e.,breast cancer,ovarian cancer,cervical cancer and uterine cancer for females.
文摘Objective To discuss the effect of purulent moxibustion on Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） point on the clinical symptoms and life quality of patients with malignant tumor. Methods Sixty patients with malignant tumor were divided into an observation group and a control group with 30 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with purulent moxibustion on Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） in combination with herbal medicine; the control group was only treated with herbal medicine. After 80 days, the changes of the clinical symptoms and KPS of the two groups before and after the treatment were observed. Results The effective rates for the improvement of lassitude, poor appetite and insomnia in the observation group were 72.4% （21/29） ,25.0% （15/20） ,71.4% （15/21）, and those in the control group were 42.9%（12/28） ,55.6% （10/18） ,42.9% （6/14）, and there was no statistical significance of difference between the two groups（P〉0.05）. KPS has statistical significance in the two groups after the treatment （P〈0.01）,and the observation group was higher than the control group. Conclusion Purulent moxibustion on the point of Zusanli （足三里 ST 36） has certain effect to improve the clinical symptoms of patients with malignant tumor, and raise KPS and upgrade the life quality of patients.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82272396Suzhou Medical and Health Science and Technology Innovation Project,No.SKY2022057The Youth Medical Talent of Jiangsu Province,No.QNRC2016475.
文摘Many digestive system malignant tumors are characterized by high incidence and mortality rate.Increasing evidence has revealed that the tumor microenvironment(TME)is involved in cancer initiation and tumor progression.Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)are a predominant constituent of the TME,and participate in the regulation of various biological behaviors and influence the prognosis of digestive system cancer.TAMs can be mainly classified into the antitumor M1 phenotype and protumor M2 phenotype.The latter especially are crucial drivers of tumor invasion,growth,angiogenesis,metastasis,immunosuppression,and resistance to therapy.TAMs are of importance in the occurrence,development,diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of common digestive system malignant tumors.In this review,we summarize the role of TAMs in common digestive system malignant tumors,including esophageal,gastric,colorectal,pancreatic and liver cancers.How TAMs promote the development of tumors,and how they act as potential therapeutic targets and their clinical applications are also described.
文摘Malignant tumors are major causes of morbidity and mortality in China.Despite advances in surgical,radiological,chemotherapeutic,molecular targeting,and immunotherapeutic treatments,patients with malignant tumors still have poor prognoses.Low-dose-rate brachytherapy,specifically 125I seed implantation,is beneficial because of its high local delivery dose and minimal damage to surrounding tissues.Consequently,it has gained increasing acceptance as a treatment modality for various malignant tumors.In this study,we explored the fundamental principles,clinical applications,and new technologies associated with 125I radioactive seed implantation.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,No.23JRRA1317,and No.22JR11RA252.
文摘BACKGROUND Multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)was first described by Billroth as early as 1889,with the first report published by Warren and Gates in 1932.Since then,numerous cases have been reported.A literature review of 1104269 patients with cancer revealed that the incidence of MPMTs ranged from 0.73 to 11.7%.In recent years,however,there has been a significant upward trend in the incidence of this phenomenon,which may be associated with many different factors,including the advancement of modern diagnostic procedures facilitating the examination and diagnosis of more MPMTs,increased exposure to chemotherapy and radiotherapy that exacerbate the risk of new malignant tumors in patients with cancer,and prolonged survival of patients with cancer allowing sufficient time for the development of new primary cancers.AIM To analyze the incidence,clinical features,treatment factors,prevalence,and prognosis of patients with MPMTs in the gastrointestinal tract treated in a single center.Additionally,we analyzed the different tumor combinations,time interval between the occurrence of tumors,and staging.METHODS This retrospective cohort study analyzed 8059 patients with pathologically confirmed gastrointestinal malignant tumors treated at the Gansu Province Hospital in Lanzhou,Gansu,China between June 2011 and June 2020.Of these,85 patients had MPMTs.The clinical features,treatment factors,prevalence,and prognosis of this latter cohort were analyzed.RESULTS The incidence of MPMTs in patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors was 1.05%(85/8059),including 83 double primary malignant tumors and two triple primary malignant tumors of which 57(67.06%)were synchronous MPMTs(SMPMTs)and 28(32.94%)were metachronous MPMTs(MMPMTs).The most frequent associations were found between the rectum colon cancers within the SMPMT category and the gastric-colon cancers within the MMPMT category.For the MMPMTs,the median interval was 53 months.The overall 1-,3-and 5-year survival rates from diagnosis of the first primary cancer were 91.36%,65.41%,and 45.97%,respectively;those from diagnosis of the second primary cancer were 67.90%,29.90%,and 17.37%,respectively.CONCLUSION MPMTs in the gastrointestinal tract have a high incidence and poor prognosis.Thus,it is necessary to perform both gastroscopy and colonoscopy in patients with gastrointestinal tumors.Multidisciplinary comprehensive diagnosis and treatment may improve the diagnosis rate and treatment efficiency of MPMTs.
文摘BACKGROUND Few relevant literature reports on applying acupoint press-needle embedding combined with emotional nursing in patients with a gynecological malignant tumor.AIM To explore the effect of traditional Chinese medicine acupoint needle embedding combined with emotional nursing on chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting(CINV),cancer-related fatigue(CRF)and psychological state in patients with gynecological malignant tumors.METHODS Retrospective analysis of the clinical information of 84 patients with gynecological malignant tumors treated in our hospital from August 2020 to December 2022 Led to the development of an observation group(n=42)and a control group(n=42)based on various nursing approaches.Ondansetron hydrochloride injection was administered to the individuals in the control group.However,the observation group received emotional nursing based on the control group and acupoint pressneedle embedding of traditional Chinese medicine.Patients in both groups received the chemotherapy regimen of paclitaxel liposome+carbo-platin/cisplatin.For four weeks,both groups intervened.The CINV grade,quality of life,CRF,psychological status and sleep quality scores of the two groups before and RESULTS After intervention,the degree of CINV in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group.After intervention,the scores of each dimension and total score of FLIE scale were significantly higher than those in the control group.After intervention,the scores of each dimension and total score of Piper Fatigue Scale were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of avoidance and yield dimensions in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the scores of confrontation dimension were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the sleep quality score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the Karnofsky Performance Status scale score was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The acupuncture point needle embedding of traditional Chinese medicine combined with emotional nursing can further reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in patients with gynecological malignant tumors,improve the quality of life and the degree of CRF,alleviate the bad psychological state,adopt a positive way to face the disease and treatment,and improve the quality of sleep and quality of life.
