The United Nations(UN)has always been a proactive promoter of mainstreaming human rights,while the Charter of the United Nations is the cornerstone and starting point for this endeavor.The mainstreaming of human right...The United Nations(UN)has always been a proactive promoter of mainstreaming human rights,while the Charter of the United Nations is the cornerstone and starting point for this endeavor.The mainstreaming of human rights is a principle and direction of UN reform,as the UN has promoted it through human rights institutions reform and institutional building.Reviewing the UN’s many years of practice in promoting the mainstreaming of human rights,it is evident that its various departments and agencies have formed a united front already,which is specifically manifested in the following ways:The UN Secretary-General puts forward reform plans to promote the mainstreaming of human rights and issues relevant initiatives and calls to action;the mechanism of mainstreaming of human rights provides institutional and financial support;the UN Development Group(later renamed the UN Sustainable Development Group)is the main platform for the UN to promote the mainstreaming of human rights;the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Human Rights Council are the main implementing bodies for the UN to promote the mainstreaming of human rights;and other UN agencies actively respond to and implement the requirements of the mainstreaming of human rights in their respective areas of work.展开更多
In Tanzania 80% of the population live in informal settlements. Most of these settlements are built in areas that are susceptible to extreme weather conditions such as flooding. Such conditions have significantly cont...In Tanzania 80% of the population live in informal settlements. Most of these settlements are built in areas that are susceptible to extreme weather conditions such as flooding. Such conditions have significantly contributed to the destruction of housing stock and other valuable properties. There is considerable awareness amongst people living in the informal settlements, government representatives and other key stakeholders about the various flood risks affecting informal settlements. Based on this understanding, several attempts to minimize flood risks have been initiated in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, yet these initiatives have largely failed to deliver the desired impacts. This article aims to investigate core reasons for this through a case study of Keko Machungwa Informal settlement in Dar es Salaam City. The study explores the extent to which mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in housing development in informal settlements has been considered and implemented, and recommends measures for improvement. Key methods employed for the research included physical observation, household interviews, mapping, photographing, and in-depth interviews. Overall, the study found that mainstreaming of DRR in housing development was hardly practiced at the household level, as houses were predominantly being built without resistant building materials and supervision of relevant professionals. In order to mainstream DRR in housing development in informal settlements, it is recommended that mainstreaming DRR be embedded in laws and policies, highly vulnerable parts of the settlement be declared protected wetland and that the government direct its efforts towards regulating, controlling and monitoring the housing development sector. That letter can be achieved by emphasizing the use of flood resistant building materials and establishing resilient infrastructures for flood mitigation in every flood prone informal settlement.展开更多
The gender mainstreaming policy has developed with the change of culture in Taiwan from 2001 to 2012. Based on literature review, this paper discusses the change of culture and the development of gender mainstreaming ...The gender mainstreaming policy has developed with the change of culture in Taiwan from 2001 to 2012. Based on literature review, this paper discusses the change of culture and the development of gender mainstreaming policy with ＂Gender at Work Framework＂ to explain the difference between change at the formal, organizational level and change at the informal and personal level for addressing the root causes of gender equality. This research finds that to achieve gender mainstreaming policy goal, the government has to foster robust, and sound cultural basis for the society.展开更多
China has made remarkable achievements in poverty governance.It is of far-reaching significance to observe and interpret poverty reduction in China from the perspective of human rights.Mainstreaming human rights provi...China has made remarkable achievements in poverty governance.It is of far-reaching significance to observe and interpret poverty reduction in China from the perspective of human rights.Mainstreaming human rights provides a two-way perspective of observation.It can help observe poverty reduction in the"kaleidoscope"of human rights,and also can help understand human rights through poverty reduction,in particular,observe the status and development trend of human rights in national governance through the"governance revolution"triggered by poverty governance.An examination of poverty governance from the perspective of human rights will reveal that poverty alleviation has become a major"human rights project".The discourse,goals and approaches to poverty reduction have been marked with human rights imprints,and they are ultimately translated into the realization of the right to be free from poverty in the two dimensions of survival and development.To examine human rights through poverty reduction will reveal that the way of poverty governance is changing,which implies a development view based on human rights,and stimulates the subjectivity of citizens in the trend of democratic participation and pluralistic governance.The above change drives and advances the mainstreaming of human rights in the field of national governance and the deep change of governance.Definitely,how these signs and trends continue to thrive in a broader field and obtain more institutional support after 2020 in the post-poverty alleviation era.展开更多
This study investigates how artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms enable mainstream media to achieve precise emotional matching and improve communication efficiency through reconstructed communication logic.As digital...This study investigates how artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms enable mainstream media to achieve precise emotional matching and improve communication efficiency through reconstructed communication logic.As digital intelligence technology rapidly evolves,mainstream media organizations are increasingly leveraging AI-driven empathy algorithms to enhance audience engagement and optimize content delivery.This research employs a mixed-methods approach,combining quantitative analysis of algorithmic performance metrics with qualitative examination of media communication patterns.Through systematic review of 150 academic papers and analysis of data from 12 major media platforms,this study reveals that algorithmic empathy systems can improve emotional resonance by 34.7%and increase audience engagement by 28.3%compared to traditional communication methods.The findings demonstrate that AI algorithms reconstruct media communication logic through three primary pathways:emotional pattern recognition,personalized content curation,and real-time sentiment adaptation.However,the study also identifies significant challenges including algorithmic bias,emotional authenticity concerns,and ethical implications of automated empathy.The research contributes to understanding how mainstream media can leverage AI technology to build high-quality empathetic communication while maintaining journalistic integrity and social responsibility.展开更多
Deep Underground Science and Engineering(DUSE)is a new international journal(Online ISSN:2770-1328;Print ISSN:2097-0668)launched by China University of Mining and Technology.The Journal is managed by a renowned intern...Deep Underground Science and Engineering(DUSE)is a new international journal(Online ISSN:2770-1328;Print ISSN:2097-0668)launched by China University of Mining and Technology.The Journal is managed by a renowned international publisher John Wiley&Sons Australia,Ltd.and published quarterly in English.The Journal is devoted to building a mainstream academic exchange platform,focusing on forefront research and striving to become a world class scientifi c and technological journal.展开更多
Deep Underground Science and Engineering(DUSE)is a new international journal(Online ISSN:2770-1328;Print ISSN:2097-0668)launched by China University of Mining and Technology.The Journal is managed by a renowned intern...Deep Underground Science and Engineering(DUSE)is a new international journal(Online ISSN:2770-1328;Print ISSN:2097-0668)launched by China University of Mining and Technology.The Journal is managed by a renowned international publisher John Wiley&Sons Australia,Ltd.and published quarterly in English.The Journal is devoted to building a mainstream academic exchange platform,focusing on forefront research and striving to become a world class scientifi c and technological journal.展开更多
Recent advancements in next generation sequencing have allowed for genetic information become more readily available in the clinical setting for those affected by cancer and by treating clinicians.Given the lack of ac...Recent advancements in next generation sequencing have allowed for genetic information become more readily available in the clinical setting for those affected by cancer and by treating clinicians.Given the lack of access to geneticists,medical oncologists and other treating physicians have begun ordering and interpreting genetic tests for individuals with cancer through the process of"mainstreaming".While this process has allowed for quicker access to genetic tests,the process of"mainstreaming"has also brought several challenges including the dissemination of variants of unknown significance results,ordering of appropriate tests,and accurate interpretation of genetic results with appropriate followup testing and interventions.In this editorial,we seek to explore the process of informed consent of individuals before obtaining genetic testing and offer potential solutions to optimize the informed consent process including categorization of results as well as a layered consent model.展开更多
Anammox is widely considered as the most cost-effective and sustainable process for nitrogen removal.However,how to achieve the enrichment of anammox biomass remains a challenge for its large-scale application,especia...Anammox is widely considered as the most cost-effective and sustainable process for nitrogen removal.However,how to achieve the enrichment of anammox biomass remains a challenge for its large-scale application,especially in mainstream wastewater treatment.In this study,the feasibility of enrichment of anammox biomass was explored through the realization of partial denitrification and the addition of bio-carriers.By using ordinary activated sludge,a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)followed by an up-fow anaerobic sludge bed(UASB)was operated at 25±2℃ for 214 days.The long-term operation was divided into five phases,in which SBR and UASB were started-up in Phases I and II,respectively.By eliminating oxygen and adjusting the infow ratios in Phases III-V,advanced nitrogen removal was achieved with the effuent total nitrogen being 4.7 mg/L and the nitrogen removal efficiency being 90.5%in Phase V.Both in-situ and ex-situ activity tests demonstrated the occurrence of partial denitrification and anammox.Moreover,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Candidatus Brocadia was enriched from below the detection limit to in biofilms(0.4%in SBR,2.2%in UASB)and the foc sludge(0.2%in SBR,1.3%in UASB),while Thauera was mainly detected in the foc sludge(8.1%in SBR,8.8%in UASB),which might play a key role in partial denitrification.Overall,this study provides a novel strategy to enrich anammox biomass driven by rapid achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers,which will improve large-scale application of anammox processes in mainstream wastewater treatment.展开更多
The transboundary influence of environmental change is a critical issue in the Lancang-Mekong region.As the largest river-connected lake in the lower Mekong,the ecological change and influence of Tonle Sap Lake have r...The transboundary influence of environmental change is a critical issue in the Lancang-Mekong region.As the largest river-connected lake in the lower Mekong,the ecological change and influence of Tonle Sap Lake have received widespread attention and discussion,especially after 2008,when the hydrological regime of the Lancang-Mekong River mainstream underwent distinct changes.However,the linkage and coupling mechanism between the lake riparian environment and mainstream water level change are still unclear.In this study,the interannual spatiotemporal changes in land cover in the Tonle Sap Lake riparian zone(TSLRZ)and their relationship with mainstream water levels were analysed.The results showed that the expansion of farmland was the most notable change in 1988–2020.After 2008,the land cover changes intensified,manifested as accelerated farmland expansion,intensified woodland fragmentation and significant water body shrinkage.Furthermore,the responses of the water body,degraded land,wasteland and grassland areas to the mainstream water levels weakened after 2008.Evidently,the land cover changes in the TSLRZ in the last 30 years were less related to the mainstream water level change than to local reclamation and logging.These results can offer a new scientific basis for the transboundary influence analysis of hydrological change.展开更多
Against the backdrop of escalating social division,ethnic rivalry,and political polarization in recent years,the far-right political movements in the United States have become all the more rampant.Far-right political ...Against the backdrop of escalating social division,ethnic rivalry,and political polarization in recent years,the far-right political movements in the United States have become all the more rampant.Far-right political ideologies have become mainstreamed,and far-right political forces such as the Proud Boys have continued to grow.展开更多
Mediatic sporting events are increasingly used in the geopolitical arena to gain consensus, at the same time emerging as platforms for the discussion of social issues, such as human rights and sustainability. This art...Mediatic sporting events are increasingly used in the geopolitical arena to gain consensus, at the same time emerging as platforms for the discussion of social issues, such as human rights and sustainability. This article presents an investigation into the role of mediatic sporting events and digital platforms in sparking political debate and social engagement to bring about change, including discussions on global and local interests and the performances of activist fans to promote debate on specific issues. The investigation employs a quantitative methodology. The initial inductive analysis uses a matrix of cultural key-frames of the empowerment and protest that accompany media sporting events, verifying their presence and effectiveness in different communication milieus. An analysis of the representation of protests on social media was performed through content analysis. The results of the investigation show that mediatic sporting events are to be understood as a diverse range of generators of multiple political effects: from the exercise of power to mass mobilization and media criticism.展开更多
According to the response relationship between landscape and water resource,the selection principle of important landscapes was determined from the perspectives of nature and history in this study,and determination me...According to the response relationship between landscape and water resource,the selection principle of important landscapes was determined from the perspectives of nature and history in this study,and determination methods or steps of important landscapes along the mainstream of Yellow River were also established to select important landscapes that should be protected.展开更多
This paper emphasizes on enacting comprehensive mainstreaming institutional mechanisms to promote the role of women in socio-economic development in the Arab region. Sustainable development could never take place unle...This paper emphasizes on enacting comprehensive mainstreaming institutional mechanisms to promote the role of women in socio-economic development in the Arab region. Sustainable development could never take place unless both the government and civil society are committed towards women empowerment and gender parity to achieve gender mainstreaming. However, cultural legacy, with its socioeconomic and political dimensions, is envisaged as the most challenging impediment. There are three critical areas of concern of substantive nature, which are high rates of women illiteracy, passive representative bureaucracy, as a result of underrepresentation at decision-making levels, as well as gender disparity. To investigate women empowerment challenges in the region, the study first presents the multifaceted hurdle of cultural legacy and identifies the relevant social, economic and political challenges from a multidisciplinary perspective. Thereafter, it looks at two inseparable issues facing women in the Arab region, illiteracy and underrepresentation at decision-making levels. The study, then, indicates the pressing need for policy changes to fill up the massive gender gap existing in the majority of Arab States, where not only a description of gender disparity profile of the Arab region is presented but also a comparative outlook vis-a-vis global trends is highlighted. Finally, the research identifies the indispensible roles of both the government and civil society to address key challenges in synchrony. It does not only call for placing women empowerment among the top priorities on the agenda of policy-makers in setting development plans, but also reiterates the significant role of civil society institutions in the areas of illiteracy eradication, civic education, and women fights advocacy. In this context, a framework of recommended policy actions is presented in an attempt to set effective women empowerment mechanisms to achieve gender mainstreaming and hence contribute to sustainable development.展开更多
The founding of the Communist party of China,especially the founding of pRC and the establishment of the socialist system,opened a new chapter in the development of the Chinese women’s cause.The Communist party of Ch...The founding of the Communist party of China,especially the founding of pRC and the establishment of the socialist system,opened a new chapter in the development of the Chinese women’s cause.The Communist party of China(CpC)and the Chinese government have a strong political will and a sense of political responsibility in realizing gender equality and protecting women’s rights.over the past 100 years,under the leadership of the CpC,the status of Chinese women has been fundamentally changed in the political and legal sense,and a historic breakthrough has been achieved.The development of the Chinese women’s cause has overcome many difficulties.In particular,after the launch of the reform and opening-up,on the basis of economic development,social progress,and continuous promotion of the rule of law,a set of legal protection systems for comprehensive protection of women’s rights have gradually been formed.The concept of social gender has provided new perspectives and approaches for China’s legal studies,and the process of gender mainstreaming in China has continued to deepen.China follows the socialist path of women’s cause with Chinese characteristics and continues to strengthen the legal protection of women’s rights in China,thereby making important contributions to the development of women in the world.展开更多
This paper first introduced the main contents of the movie:Forrest Gump.On one hand,the movie advocates truth as well as honesty.It tries to help people to get rid of the alienation of modern civilization,and find the...This paper first introduced the main contents of the movie:Forrest Gump.On one hand,the movie advocates truth as well as honesty.It tries to help people to get rid of the alienation of modern civilization,and find the true beauty of human nature.On the other hand it makes the movie a classic of contemporary American culture.The essay made some analysis to the years and events which the movie has talked about.Then by detailed analyzing of the main character:Jenny,and the comparison between Jenny and Forrest,their different fates and the values they represent,the paper highlighted the different destiny caused by the values they hold and showed that they were strongly influenced by the mixture of culture values of that period.At last,with the combination of the main characters Jenny and Forrest,it indicates that different life values have melted into one,and the subculture finally gave way to the main culture.展开更多
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy(LC-MS/MS)method was developed for analysis of carbonyl compounds in cigarette mainstream smoke.The cigarette smoke was collected using a Cambridge filter treated with a...A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy(LC-MS/MS)method was developed for analysis of carbonyl compounds in cigarette mainstream smoke.The cigarette smoke was collected using a Cambridge filter treated with acidic solution of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine,then extracted with acetonitrile.The extract was diluted with acetonitrile-water and analyzed by LC-MS/MS in negative electro-spray ionization mode.Formaldehyde,acetaldehyde,acetone,acrolein,propionaldehyde,methyl ethyl ketone,butyraldehyde and crotonaldehyde in mainstream cigarette smoke were analyzed with the recovery at the range of 83% to 103%.The minimum detectable quantity for the carbonyls ranged from 0.08 to 0.28 μg/L,and relative standard deviations were below 6%.This new method had higher selectivity and sensitivity compared to conventional methods.5 kinds of foreign and domestic cigarette were analyzed.展开更多
The hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins are complicated.It is absolutely significant to quantify mountainous runoff for social,economic and ecological purposes.This paper takes the ...The hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins are complicated.It is absolutely significant to quantify mountainous runoff for social,economic and ecological purposes.This paper takes the mountainous watershed of the Heihe Mainstream River as a study area to simulate the hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins by using the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model.SWAT simulation results show that both the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and the determination coefficient values of the calibration period(January 1995 to December 2002)and validation period(January 2002 to December 2009)are higher than 0.90,and the percent bias is controlled within±5%,indicating that the simulation results are satisfactory.According to the SWAT performance,we discussed the yearly and monthly variation trends of the mountainous runoff and the runoff components.The results show that from 1996 to 2009,an indistinctive rising trend was observed for the yearly mountainous runoff,which is mainly recharged by lateral flow,and followed by shallow groundwater runoff and surface runoff.The monthly variation demonstrates that the mountainous runoff decreases slightly from May to July,contrary to other months.The mountainous runoff is mainly recharged by shallow groundwater runoff in January,February,and from October to December,by surface runoff in March and April,and by lateral flow from May to September.展开更多
文摘The United Nations(UN)has always been a proactive promoter of mainstreaming human rights,while the Charter of the United Nations is the cornerstone and starting point for this endeavor.The mainstreaming of human rights is a principle and direction of UN reform,as the UN has promoted it through human rights institutions reform and institutional building.Reviewing the UN’s many years of practice in promoting the mainstreaming of human rights,it is evident that its various departments and agencies have formed a united front already,which is specifically manifested in the following ways:The UN Secretary-General puts forward reform plans to promote the mainstreaming of human rights and issues relevant initiatives and calls to action;the mechanism of mainstreaming of human rights provides institutional and financial support;the UN Development Group(later renamed the UN Sustainable Development Group)is the main platform for the UN to promote the mainstreaming of human rights;the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Human Rights Council are the main implementing bodies for the UN to promote the mainstreaming of human rights;and other UN agencies actively respond to and implement the requirements of the mainstreaming of human rights in their respective areas of work.
文摘In Tanzania 80% of the population live in informal settlements. Most of these settlements are built in areas that are susceptible to extreme weather conditions such as flooding. Such conditions have significantly contributed to the destruction of housing stock and other valuable properties. There is considerable awareness amongst people living in the informal settlements, government representatives and other key stakeholders about the various flood risks affecting informal settlements. Based on this understanding, several attempts to minimize flood risks have been initiated in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, yet these initiatives have largely failed to deliver the desired impacts. This article aims to investigate core reasons for this through a case study of Keko Machungwa Informal settlement in Dar es Salaam City. The study explores the extent to which mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in housing development in informal settlements has been considered and implemented, and recommends measures for improvement. Key methods employed for the research included physical observation, household interviews, mapping, photographing, and in-depth interviews. Overall, the study found that mainstreaming of DRR in housing development was hardly practiced at the household level, as houses were predominantly being built without resistant building materials and supervision of relevant professionals. In order to mainstream DRR in housing development in informal settlements, it is recommended that mainstreaming DRR be embedded in laws and policies, highly vulnerable parts of the settlement be declared protected wetland and that the government direct its efforts towards regulating, controlling and monitoring the housing development sector. That letter can be achieved by emphasizing the use of flood resistant building materials and establishing resilient infrastructures for flood mitigation in every flood prone informal settlement.
文摘The gender mainstreaming policy has developed with the change of culture in Taiwan from 2001 to 2012. Based on literature review, this paper discusses the change of culture and the development of gender mainstreaming policy with ＂Gender at Work Framework＂ to explain the difference between change at the formal, organizational level and change at the informal and personal level for addressing the root causes of gender equality. This research finds that to achieve gender mainstreaming policy goal, the government has to foster robust, and sound cultural basis for the society.
基金the phased findings from the 2016 Doctoral Program in Social Sciences in Chongqing:Evolving Economic Order and Practice of the Right to Development in China(Program No.:2016 BS048)the 2017 Humanities and Social Science Research Base Project of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission:Institutional Innovation and Legal Guarantee in Targeted Poverty Alleviation(Program No.:17 SKJ018)the In-house Research Program of Southwest University of Political Science and Law:Research on Long-term Mechanism of Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas(Program No.:2018 XZQN-26)
文摘China has made remarkable achievements in poverty governance.It is of far-reaching significance to observe and interpret poverty reduction in China from the perspective of human rights.Mainstreaming human rights provides a two-way perspective of observation.It can help observe poverty reduction in the"kaleidoscope"of human rights,and also can help understand human rights through poverty reduction,in particular,observe the status and development trend of human rights in national governance through the"governance revolution"triggered by poverty governance.An examination of poverty governance from the perspective of human rights will reveal that poverty alleviation has become a major"human rights project".The discourse,goals and approaches to poverty reduction have been marked with human rights imprints,and they are ultimately translated into the realization of the right to be free from poverty in the two dimensions of survival and development.To examine human rights through poverty reduction will reveal that the way of poverty governance is changing,which implies a development view based on human rights,and stimulates the subjectivity of citizens in the trend of democratic participation and pluralistic governance.The above change drives and advances the mainstreaming of human rights in the field of national governance and the deep change of governance.Definitely,how these signs and trends continue to thrive in a broader field and obtain more institutional support after 2020 in the post-poverty alleviation era.
文摘This study investigates how artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms enable mainstream media to achieve precise emotional matching and improve communication efficiency through reconstructed communication logic.As digital intelligence technology rapidly evolves,mainstream media organizations are increasingly leveraging AI-driven empathy algorithms to enhance audience engagement and optimize content delivery.This research employs a mixed-methods approach,combining quantitative analysis of algorithmic performance metrics with qualitative examination of media communication patterns.Through systematic review of 150 academic papers and analysis of data from 12 major media platforms,this study reveals that algorithmic empathy systems can improve emotional resonance by 34.7%and increase audience engagement by 28.3%compared to traditional communication methods.The findings demonstrate that AI algorithms reconstruct media communication logic through three primary pathways:emotional pattern recognition,personalized content curation,and real-time sentiment adaptation.However,the study also identifies significant challenges including algorithmic bias,emotional authenticity concerns,and ethical implications of automated empathy.The research contributes to understanding how mainstream media can leverage AI technology to build high-quality empathetic communication while maintaining journalistic integrity and social responsibility.
文摘Deep Underground Science and Engineering(DUSE)is a new international journal(Online ISSN:2770-1328;Print ISSN:2097-0668)launched by China University of Mining and Technology.The Journal is managed by a renowned international publisher John Wiley&Sons Australia,Ltd.and published quarterly in English.The Journal is devoted to building a mainstream academic exchange platform,focusing on forefront research and striving to become a world class scientifi c and technological journal.
文摘Deep Underground Science and Engineering(DUSE)is a new international journal(Online ISSN:2770-1328;Print ISSN:2097-0668)launched by China University of Mining and Technology.The Journal is managed by a renowned international publisher John Wiley&Sons Australia,Ltd.and published quarterly in English.The Journal is devoted to building a mainstream academic exchange platform,focusing on forefront research and striving to become a world class scientifi c and technological journal.
文摘Recent advancements in next generation sequencing have allowed for genetic information become more readily available in the clinical setting for those affected by cancer and by treating clinicians.Given the lack of access to geneticists,medical oncologists and other treating physicians have begun ordering and interpreting genetic tests for individuals with cancer through the process of"mainstreaming".While this process has allowed for quicker access to genetic tests,the process of"mainstreaming"has also brought several challenges including the dissemination of variants of unknown significance results,ordering of appropriate tests,and accurate interpretation of genetic results with appropriate followup testing and interventions.In this editorial,we seek to explore the process of informed consent of individuals before obtaining genetic testing and offer potential solutions to optimize the informed consent process including categorization of results as well as a layered consent model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22176007),the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No.8212022)the fund of innovation and entrepreneurship leading team project in Guangzhou (No.CYLJTD-201607)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2021YFC3200605)。
文摘Anammox is widely considered as the most cost-effective and sustainable process for nitrogen removal.However,how to achieve the enrichment of anammox biomass remains a challenge for its large-scale application,especially in mainstream wastewater treatment.In this study,the feasibility of enrichment of anammox biomass was explored through the realization of partial denitrification and the addition of bio-carriers.By using ordinary activated sludge,a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)followed by an up-fow anaerobic sludge bed(UASB)was operated at 25±2℃ for 214 days.The long-term operation was divided into five phases,in which SBR and UASB were started-up in Phases I and II,respectively.By eliminating oxygen and adjusting the infow ratios in Phases III-V,advanced nitrogen removal was achieved with the effuent total nitrogen being 4.7 mg/L and the nitrogen removal efficiency being 90.5%in Phase V.Both in-situ and ex-situ activity tests demonstrated the occurrence of partial denitrification and anammox.Moreover,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that Candidatus Brocadia was enriched from below the detection limit to in biofilms(0.4%in SBR,2.2%in UASB)and the foc sludge(0.2%in SBR,1.3%in UASB),while Thauera was mainly detected in the foc sludge(8.1%in SBR,8.8%in UASB),which might play a key role in partial denitrification.Overall,this study provides a novel strategy to enrich anammox biomass driven by rapid achievement of partial denitrification through the addition of bio-carriers,which will improve large-scale application of anammox processes in mainstream wastewater treatment.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2016YFA0601600Yunnan Scientist Workstation for Daming He International River Research,No.KXJGZS-2019-005。
文摘The transboundary influence of environmental change is a critical issue in the Lancang-Mekong region.As the largest river-connected lake in the lower Mekong,the ecological change and influence of Tonle Sap Lake have received widespread attention and discussion,especially after 2008,when the hydrological regime of the Lancang-Mekong River mainstream underwent distinct changes.However,the linkage and coupling mechanism between the lake riparian environment and mainstream water level change are still unclear.In this study,the interannual spatiotemporal changes in land cover in the Tonle Sap Lake riparian zone(TSLRZ)and their relationship with mainstream water levels were analysed.The results showed that the expansion of farmland was the most notable change in 1988–2020.After 2008,the land cover changes intensified,manifested as accelerated farmland expansion,intensified woodland fragmentation and significant water body shrinkage.Furthermore,the responses of the water body,degraded land,wasteland and grassland areas to the mainstream water levels weakened after 2008.Evidently,the land cover changes in the TSLRZ in the last 30 years were less related to the mainstream water level change than to local reclamation and logging.These results can offer a new scientific basis for the transboundary influence analysis of hydrological change.
文摘Against the backdrop of escalating social division,ethnic rivalry,and political polarization in recent years,the far-right political movements in the United States have become all the more rampant.Far-right political ideologies have become mainstreamed,and far-right political forces such as the Proud Boys have continued to grow.
文摘Mediatic sporting events are increasingly used in the geopolitical arena to gain consensus, at the same time emerging as platforms for the discussion of social issues, such as human rights and sustainability. This article presents an investigation into the role of mediatic sporting events and digital platforms in sparking political debate and social engagement to bring about change, including discussions on global and local interests and the performances of activist fans to promote debate on specific issues. The investigation employs a quantitative methodology. The initial inductive analysis uses a matrix of cultural key-frames of the empowerment and protest that accompany media sporting events, verifying their presence and effectiveness in different communication milieus. An analysis of the representation of protests on social media was performed through content analysis. The results of the investigation show that mediatic sporting events are to be understood as a diverse range of generators of multiple political effects: from the exercise of power to mass mobilization and media criticism.
基金Supported by Modern Water Science Innovation Project of Ministry of Water Resources(XD2004-03-05)Key Project for National Science and Technology Supporting Plan during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2006BAB06B08-04)~~
文摘According to the response relationship between landscape and water resource,the selection principle of important landscapes was determined from the perspectives of nature and history in this study,and determination methods or steps of important landscapes along the mainstream of Yellow River were also established to select important landscapes that should be protected.
文摘This paper emphasizes on enacting comprehensive mainstreaming institutional mechanisms to promote the role of women in socio-economic development in the Arab region. Sustainable development could never take place unless both the government and civil society are committed towards women empowerment and gender parity to achieve gender mainstreaming. However, cultural legacy, with its socioeconomic and political dimensions, is envisaged as the most challenging impediment. There are three critical areas of concern of substantive nature, which are high rates of women illiteracy, passive representative bureaucracy, as a result of underrepresentation at decision-making levels, as well as gender disparity. To investigate women empowerment challenges in the region, the study first presents the multifaceted hurdle of cultural legacy and identifies the relevant social, economic and political challenges from a multidisciplinary perspective. Thereafter, it looks at two inseparable issues facing women in the Arab region, illiteracy and underrepresentation at decision-making levels. The study, then, indicates the pressing need for policy changes to fill up the massive gender gap existing in the majority of Arab States, where not only a description of gender disparity profile of the Arab region is presented but also a comparative outlook vis-a-vis global trends is highlighted. Finally, the research identifies the indispensible roles of both the government and civil society to address key challenges in synchrony. It does not only call for placing women empowerment among the top priorities on the agenda of policy-makers in setting development plans, but also reiterates the significant role of civil society institutions in the areas of illiteracy eradication, civic education, and women fights advocacy. In this context, a framework of recommended policy actions is presented in an attempt to set effective women empowerment mechanisms to achieve gender mainstreaming and hence contribute to sustainable development.
基金the phased result of the research program“A Human Rights Dimension of the Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law”undertaken by China Society for Human Rights Studies
文摘The founding of the Communist party of China,especially the founding of pRC and the establishment of the socialist system,opened a new chapter in the development of the Chinese women’s cause.The Communist party of China(CpC)and the Chinese government have a strong political will and a sense of political responsibility in realizing gender equality and protecting women’s rights.over the past 100 years,under the leadership of the CpC,the status of Chinese women has been fundamentally changed in the political and legal sense,and a historic breakthrough has been achieved.The development of the Chinese women’s cause has overcome many difficulties.In particular,after the launch of the reform and opening-up,on the basis of economic development,social progress,and continuous promotion of the rule of law,a set of legal protection systems for comprehensive protection of women’s rights have gradually been formed.The concept of social gender has provided new perspectives and approaches for China’s legal studies,and the process of gender mainstreaming in China has continued to deepen.China follows the socialist path of women’s cause with Chinese characteristics and continues to strengthen the legal protection of women’s rights in China,thereby making important contributions to the development of women in the world.
文摘This paper first introduced the main contents of the movie:Forrest Gump.On one hand,the movie advocates truth as well as honesty.It tries to help people to get rid of the alienation of modern civilization,and find the true beauty of human nature.On the other hand it makes the movie a classic of contemporary American culture.The essay made some analysis to the years and events which the movie has talked about.Then by detailed analyzing of the main character:Jenny,and the comparison between Jenny and Forrest,their different fates and the values they represent,the paper highlighted the different destiny caused by the values they hold and showed that they were strongly influenced by the mixture of culture values of that period.At last,with the combination of the main characters Jenny and Forrest,it indicates that different life values have melted into one,and the subculture finally gave way to the main culture.
文摘A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy(LC-MS/MS)method was developed for analysis of carbonyl compounds in cigarette mainstream smoke.The cigarette smoke was collected using a Cambridge filter treated with acidic solution of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine,then extracted with acetonitrile.The extract was diluted with acetonitrile-water and analyzed by LC-MS/MS in negative electro-spray ionization mode.Formaldehyde,acetaldehyde,acetone,acrolein,propionaldehyde,methyl ethyl ketone,butyraldehyde and crotonaldehyde in mainstream cigarette smoke were analyzed with the recovery at the range of 83% to 103%.The minimum detectable quantity for the carbonyls ranged from 0.08 to 0.28 μg/L,and relative standard deviations were below 6%.This new method had higher selectivity and sensitivity compared to conventional methods.5 kinds of foreign and domestic cigarette were analyzed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41240002,91125025,91225302,Y211121001)the National Science and Technology Support Projects(2011BAC07B05)
文摘The hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins are complicated.It is absolutely significant to quantify mountainous runoff for social,economic and ecological purposes.This paper takes the mountainous watershed of the Heihe Mainstream River as a study area to simulate the hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins by using the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model.SWAT simulation results show that both the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and the determination coefficient values of the calibration period(January 1995 to December 2002)and validation period(January 2002 to December 2009)are higher than 0.90,and the percent bias is controlled within±5%,indicating that the simulation results are satisfactory.According to the SWAT performance,we discussed the yearly and monthly variation trends of the mountainous runoff and the runoff components.The results show that from 1996 to 2009,an indistinctive rising trend was observed for the yearly mountainous runoff,which is mainly recharged by lateral flow,and followed by shallow groundwater runoff and surface runoff.The monthly variation demonstrates that the mountainous runoff decreases slightly from May to July,contrary to other months.The mountainous runoff is mainly recharged by shallow groundwater runoff in January,February,and from October to December,by surface runoff in March and April,and by lateral flow from May to September.
