Wound management continues to present major clinical challenges,often necessitating therapeutic strategies that extend beyond conventional dressings,which provide only passive protection.Magnesium(Mg),a biologically i...Wound management continues to present major clinical challenges,often necessitating therapeutic strategies that extend beyond conventional dressings,which provide only passive protection.Magnesium(Mg),a biologically indispensable element,has attracted considerable attention for its multifaceted role in wound repair,including modulation of inflammatory responses,stimulation of fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation,promotion of angiogenesis,and enhancement of collagen synthesis.However,the direct application of Mg formulations is limited by uncontrolled Mg ion(Mg^(2+))release,localized cytotoxicity at elevated concentrations,and inadequate mechanical stability at the wound site.To address these challenges,Mg-incorporated polymeric scaffolds have been developed as advanced delivery platforms.These systems integrate the regenerative capacity of Mg with the tunable properties of polymers,enabling controlled degradation,mechanical reinforcement,and sustained Mg^(2+)release to establish a favorable microenvironment for tissue repair.This review critically examines the role of Mg in wound healing and the effectiveness of polymeric matrices for controlled Mg^(2+)delivery.It further provides a comprehensive evaluation of recent advances in Mg-incorporated polymeric scaffolds,including nanofibers,hydrogels,and sponges,with emphasis on fabrication strategies,structural characteristics,and therapeutic efficacy.Key challenges,such as optimizing ion release kinetics,enhancing scaffold stability,and facilitating clinical translation,are also discussed.Collectively,this work underscores the potential of Mg-polymeric scaffolds as a next-generation platform for advanced wound care and highlights perspectives for future research and development.展开更多
This comprehensive study investigates the formation and evolution of intermetallic compounds during the solidification process of magnesium alloys using advanced micro X-ray computed tomography.By analyzing both commo...This comprehensive study investigates the formation and evolution of intermetallic compounds during the solidification process of magnesium alloys using advanced micro X-ray computed tomography.By analyzing both common industrial Mg-Al-Zn alloys and a novel rare earth-containing Mg-Ni-Gd-Y alloy,we aim to characterize the nucleation,growth,and distribution of Al-Mn and eutectic intermetallics across various stages of solidification.The non destructive imaging technique employed in this research provides high-resolution,three-dimensional insights into the microstructural development,allowing for a detailed examination of the morphology,spatial arrangement,and interconnectivity of intermetallic phases.This approach overcomes limitations of traditional two-dimensional metallographic methods,offering a more comprehensive understanding of the complex three-dimensional structures formed during solidification.展开更多
Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2)) demonstrates immense potential as a solid-state hydrogen storage material,while its commercial utilization is impeded by the elevated operating temperature and sluggish reaction kinetics.Her...Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2)) demonstrates immense potential as a solid-state hydrogen storage material,while its commercial utilization is impeded by the elevated operating temperature and sluggish reaction kinetics.Herein,a MOF derived multi-phase FeNi_(3)-S catalyst was specially designed for efficient hydrogen storage in MgH_(2).Experiments confirmed that the incorporation of FeNi_(3)-S into MgH_(2) significantly lowered the desorption temperature and accelerated the kinetics of hydrogen desorption and reabsorption.The initial dehydrogenation temperature of the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite was 202 ℃,which was 123 ℃ lower than that of pure MgH_(2).At 325 ℃,the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite released 6.57 wt% H_(2)(fully dehydrogenated) within 1000 s.Remarkably,MgH_(2)+ 10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite initiated rehydrogenation at room temperature and rapidly absorbed 2.49 wt% H_(2) within 30 min at 100 ℃.Moreover,6.3 wt% H_(2) was still retained after 20 cycles at 300 ℃,demonstrating the superior cycling performance of the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite.The activation energy fitting calculations further evidenced the addition of FeNi_(3)-S enhanced the de/resorption kinetics of MgH_(2)(E_(a)= 98.6 k J/mol and 43.3 k J/mol,respectively).Through phase and microstructural analysis,it was determined that the exceptional hydrogen storage performance of the composite was attributed to the in-situ formation of Mg/Mg_(2)Ni + Fe/MgS and MgH_(2)/Mg_(2)NiH_(4)+Fe/MgS hydrogen storage systems.Further mechanistic analysis revealed that Mg_(2)Ni/Mg_(2)NiH_(4) served as “hydrogen pump” and Fe/Mg S served as “hydrogen diffusion channel”,thus accelerating the dissociation and recombination of hydrogen molecules.In conclusion,this work offers insight into catalysts combining transition metal alloys and transition metal sulfide for exerting muti-phase synergistic effect on boosting the dehydrogenation/hydrogenation reactions of MgH_(2),which can also inspire future pioneering work on designing and fabricating high efficient catalysts in other energy storage related areas.展开更多
The thermal and electrical conductivities of magnesium alloys are highly sensitive to composition and microstructure,with thermal conductivity varying by up to 20-fold across different as-cast alloy systems,making rap...The thermal and electrical conductivities of magnesium alloys are highly sensitive to composition and microstructure,with thermal conductivity varying by up to 20-fold across different as-cast alloy systems,making rapid and accurate prediction crucial for high-throughput screening and development of high-performance alloys.This study introduces a physics-informed symbolic regression approach that addresses the limitations of traditional methods,including the high computational cost of first-principles calculations and the poor interpretability of machine learning models.Comprehensive datasets comprising 1512 data points from 60 literature sources were analyzed,including thermal conductivity measurements from 52 alloy systems and electrical conductivity measurements from 36 systems.The derived symbolic regression model achieved Mean Absolute Percentage Errors(MAPEs)of 11.2%and 11.4%for thermal conductivity in low and high-component systems,respectively.When integrated with the Smith-Palmer equation,electrical conductivity predictions reached MAPEs of 15.6%and 16.4%.Independent validation on an entirely separate dataset of 554 data points from 53 additional literature sources,including 37 previously unseen alloy systems,confirmed model generalizability with MAPEs of 10.7%-15.2%.Shapley Additive Explanations(SHAP)analysis was employed to evaluate the relative importance of different features affecting conductivity,while equation decomposition quantified the contribution of individual functional terms.This methodology bridges data-driven prediction with mechanistic understanding,establishing a foundation for knowledge-based design of magnesium alloys with tailored transport properties.展开更多
Joining magnesium(Mg)alloys to steel is difficult due to metallurgical incompatibility.Applying a zinc(Zn)coating to steel enables formation of a thin Mg-Zn eutectic phase layer during welding,which promotes strong bo...Joining magnesium(Mg)alloys to steel is difficult due to metallurgical incompatibility.Applying a zinc(Zn)coating to steel enables formation of a thin Mg-Zn eutectic phase layer during welding,which promotes strong bonding.However,in joints created with Friction-stir assisted scribe technology(FAST),this Mg-Zn eutectic phase layer occasionally extends from the interface to the surface of the Mg sheet.This phenomenon is attributed to the formation of a liquid-state Mg-Zn eutectic phase,coupled with the distinctive material flow induced by the FAST tool.Microstructural analysis confirmed that the Mg-Zn eutectic phase comprisesα-Mg and the Mg_(21)Zn_(25)intermetallic compound.Lap shear tensile tests revealed that when the Mg-Zn eutectic phase migration pathway aligned with the stir zone boundary,it led to reduced joint strength and premature fracture along the eutectic phase pathway.This indicates that liquid metal embrittlement(LME)occurred during FAST joining of Mg alloy and galvanized steel.These findings highlight the critical importance of controlling tool features and process parameters in FAST welding to prevent LME-related failures in dissimilar Mg/steel assemblies.展开更多
To investigate the effects of extrusion temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of WE43 magnesium alloy,extrusion experiments were conducted under 330,380,430,and 450℃,and the extrusion ratio was ...To investigate the effects of extrusion temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of WE43 magnesium alloy,extrusion experiments were conducted under 330,380,430,and 450℃,and the extrusion ratio was 16.The experimental results indicate that,at a low temperature of 330℃,the alloy precipitates a large amount of second phases rich in Zr elements.Moreover,the texture strength and kernel average misorientation value are the highest,with values of 27.77 and 0.71,respectively.The increase in extrusion temperature leads to a gradual decrease in texture strength and kernel average misorientation value.The strength of the alloy is the highest at an extrusion temperature of 330℃.Its tensile yield stress is 254.7 MPa and ultimate tensile strength is 302.7 MPa,respectively.As the extrusion temperature increases,the strength of the alloy gradually decreases.At an extrusion temperature of 450℃,the tensile yield stress is 181.3 MPa and ultimate tensile strength is 265.7 MPa,respectively.The elongation first increases and then decreases,with an elongation of 20.9%at an extrusion temperature of 330℃.At an extrusion temperature of 430℃,the elongation reaches its maximum value,which is 23.6%.At an extrusion temperature of 450℃,the elongation reaches its lowest value,which is 16.4%.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg)and its alloys,known for their low density and high specific strength,are increasingly explored as lightweight structural materials across a broad range of industrial applications.However,their widespread...Magnesium(Mg)and its alloys,known for their low density and high specific strength,are increasingly explored as lightweight structural materials across a broad range of industrial applications.However,their widespread application remains constrained by intrinsic mechanical limitations,fundamentally rooted in the nature of crystallographic defects.Atomic-scale modeling techniques are transforming our ability to unravel the structures,energetics,and dynamics of these defects and to explore their complex interactions,thereby guiding defect engineering in Mg alloys.However,the growing body of available data can make it difficult for researchers to identify critical knowledge gaps and promising areas for further exploration.To address this challenge,we highlight key research domains with significant potential for impactful advancements,aiming to illuminate these areas while inspiring innovative approaches and encouraging deeper exploration of pivotal topics that may shape the future of Mg alloy development.This review presents a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in atomic-scale modeling of defects in Mg and its alloys.We introduce key simulation methodologies,including density functional theory and atomistic simulations,and highlight their applications to defect distribution,defect dynamics,and defect-defect interactions.By bridging fundamental insights in defects with alloy design strategies,this review aims to support and inspire the broader Mg research community and to underscore the growing impact of atomic-scale modeling in the accelerated development of high-performance Mg alloys.展开更多
Investigating effect of recrystallization mechanism on deformation mode and texture evolution is conducive to controlling deformation mechanism and texture in magnesium alloys under medium-high temperature impact load...Investigating effect of recrystallization mechanism on deformation mode and texture evolution is conducive to controlling deformation mechanism and texture in magnesium alloys under medium-high temperature impact loading.In the present study,a Johnson-Cook model incorporating twin strengthening was established to simulate macro-deformation,and a twinning induced recrystallization(TDRX)model and bulging recrystallization(GBBDRX)model are introduced into visco-plastic self consistant(VPSC)framework to quantitatively study the deformation mechanism of pre-twinned AZ31 magnesium alloy during medium-high temperature impact loading.Both TDRX and GBBDRX occur,with basal slip as the dominant slip system,followed by pyramidal〈c+a〉slip and prismatic slip.The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)significantly influences basal and pyramidal〈c+a〉slip systems,with minimal impact on secondary deformation mechanism.In addition,the recrystallization mechanism of grain boundary bowing increases the activity of basal slip and decreases the activity of pyramidal〈c+a〉slip.The nucleation and growth of recrystallized grains enhance basal slip activity and suppress pyramidal〈c+a〉slip,leading to the formation of a strong basal texture.As dynamic recrystallization progresses,a bimodal texture develops,characterized by a reduction in basal component pole density and a more pronounced basal slip.展开更多
The effects of three corrosion inhibitors on Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy corrosion fatigue were investigated.Salicylic acid(SA)induces uniform but rapid corrosion,limiting fatigue life improvement.2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid(2...The effects of three corrosion inhibitors on Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy corrosion fatigue were investigated.Salicylic acid(SA)induces uniform but rapid corrosion,limiting fatigue life improvement.2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid(2,6-PDCA)delays crack initiation under low stress yet fails to fully suppress localized corrosion.Paeonol condensed cysteine Schiff base(PCCys)significantly inhibits both uniform corrosion and localized attacks,enhancing corrosion fatigue life.Localized corrosion behavior,rather than isolated corrosion rate metrics,critically determines mechanical performance under combined corrosive-dynamic stress conditions.A multi-parameter evaluation framework integrating localized corrosion,corrosion rate,and stress effects is proposed for practical screening of corrosion inhibitors for magnesium alloys.展开更多
The influence mechanism of MgO particle fineness on the properties of MOC was comprehensively explored through means of grinding,sieving,hydration and apparent density testing,in conjunction with characterization meth...The influence mechanism of MgO particle fineness on the properties of MOC was comprehensively explored through means of grinding,sieving,hydration and apparent density testing,in conjunction with characterization methods such as setting time,stability,compressive strength,and microscopic morphology.The findings reveal that MOC demonstrates excellent stability and mechanical properties when the particle fineness of MgO is less than 75μm.When the MgO particle fineness exceeds 75μm,MOC exhibits superior fluidity and maneuverability.When 0.75μm MgO is employed as the raw material to prepare MOC,a water-cement ratio of 0.6 proves more favorable.These results can furnish a theoretical foundation for the preparation and application of MOC.展开更多
The corrosion resistance of base metal,laser-arc hybrid welded AZ31B magnesium alloys with and without addition of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)was compared.The corrosion behaviors and the underlying improvement mechanism of...The corrosion resistance of base metal,laser-arc hybrid welded AZ31B magnesium alloys with and without addition of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)was compared.The corrosion behaviors and the underlying improvement mechanism of CNTs were systematically investigated.The introduction of CNTs effectively refined the grains,weakened the texture and enhanced the microstructure homogeneity of the weld,which contributed to the enhancement of corrosion resistance.Specifically,the corrosion rates of hydrogen evolution and weight loss of weld decreased by>30%after the addition of CNTs,and the corrosion products were denser due to the formation of Al_(2)O_(3)passive film.The corrosion current density and polarization resistance of weld with addition of CNTs were 1.220μA/cm^(2)and 7155·cm^(2),respectively,in contrast to 2.480μA/cm^(2)and approximately 269.5·cm^(2)for the weld without CNTs.Besides,the content of precipitates in the weld increased from 0.60%to 1.76%after the addition of CNTs,which can release Al^(3+)ions,promoting the formation of a dense Al_(2)O_(3)film that serves to protect the metal matrix from further degradation.展开更多
This study investigates the plastic deformation behaviour of the AZ31 magnesium alloy under various uniaxial loading conditions using in-situ neutron diffraction,the crystallite group method(CGM),and crystal plasticit...This study investigates the plastic deformation behaviour of the AZ31 magnesium alloy under various uniaxial loading conditions using in-situ neutron diffraction,the crystallite group method(CGM),and crystal plasticity modelling.A key novelty of this work is the direct,model independent determination of resolved shear stress(RSS)values for individual slip and twinning systems,as well as their critical values(CRSS),derived from lattice strains in grains with preferred orientations.The experiment was extended beyond the conventional loading paths along the normal direction(ND)and rolling direction(RD)to include compression at angles of 30°and 60°from the ND(referred to as NDC30 and NDC60 tests),which had not been investigated in previous studies.Notably,the NDC30 test,combined with diffraction measurements,was specifically designed to activate basal slip in the majority of grains while minimizing twinning,enabling clear identification of this slip system and accurate determination of its CRSS.For the first time,hardening parameters were determined by comparing the model predicted values of RSS with those obtained from diffraction measurements for each active system.These data,together with the results of macroscopic tests,were used to calibrate an elastic-plastic self-consistent(EPSC)model,which accurately reproduced stress partitioning under applied load,texture evolution,and twin activity.The integrated methodology enhances the reliability of CRSS input and improves the modelling of anisotropic plasticity in magnesium alloys by tuning intergranular interactions based on a modified Eshelby inclusion approach.展开更多
Conventional cross rolling is influenced by the force couple effect of symmetrical rollers,resulting in the c-axis of the plate grains being oriented perpendicular to the rolling surface.This orientation contributes t...Conventional cross rolling is influenced by the force couple effect of symmetrical rollers,resulting in the c-axis of the plate grains being oriented perpendicular to the rolling surface.This orientation contributes to a high degree of work hardening and mechanical anisotropy,thereby complicating subsequent processing.In this study,the hard plate cross rolling(HP-CR)process is put forward for the first time,and the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of rolled AZ31 Magnesium plate were analyzed.The results indicate that,in comparison to traditional cross rolling(CR),the average grain size of the HP-CR is refined to 5.33µm.Additionally,the average yield strength and elongation of the sheet are enhanced by 15.2%and 35.2%,respectively,while the average tensile strength is 283 MPa,and the r value decreases by 39.8%.These changes are attributed to the combined effects of grain refinement,microstructural homogenization,and basal texture weakening.On the one hand,the substantial energy stored in the original lattice distortion serves as a driving force for the dynamic recrystallization process,facilitating the elimination of the deformed grain structure.This process increases the proportion of recrystallized grains from 5%to 82%,reduces the degree of work hardening,and correspondingly decreases the density of geometrically necessary dislocations(ρ^(GND))by 70.8%,accompanied by the formation of high-angle grain boundaries(HAGB).On the other hand,dynamic recrystallization promotes grain rearrangement,resulting in an increased number of grains oriented in the transverse direction(TD),which diminishes the texture strength of the basal plane.Concurrently,the activation of non-basal slip systems reduces the resistance to dislocation sliding in various directions,significantly reduces the degree of mechanical anisotropy and enhancing the plastic deformation capacity of the plate.This research provides valuable scientific insights and technical foundations for the large-scale manufacturing of high-performance AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets.展开更多
Micro-sized anatase TiO_(2) displays inferior capacity as cathode material for magnesium ion batteries because of the higher diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)in anatase TiO_(2) lattice.Herein,we report that nanosize...Micro-sized anatase TiO_(2) displays inferior capacity as cathode material for magnesium ion batteries because of the higher diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)in anatase TiO_(2) lattice.Herein,we report that nanosized anatase TiO_(2) exposed(001)facet doubles the capacity compared to the micro-sized sample ascribed to the interfacial Mg^(2+)ion storage.First-principles calculations reveal that the diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)on the(001)facet is significantly lower than those in the bulk phase and on(100)facet,and the adsorption energy of Mg^(2+)on the(001)facet is also considerably lower than that on(100)facet,which guarantees superior interfacial Mg^(2+)storage of(001)facet.Moreover,anatase TiO_(2) exposed(001)facet displays a significantly higher capacity of 312.9 mAh g^(−1) in Mg-Li dual-salt electrolyte compared to 234.3 mAh g^(−1) in Li salt electrolyte.The adsorption energies of Mg^(2+)on(001)facet are much lower than the adsorption energies of Li+on(001)facet,implying that the Mg^(2+)ion interfacial storage is more favorable.These results highlight that controlling the crystal facet of the nanocrystals effectively enhances the interfacial storage of multivalent ions.This work offers valuable guidance for the rational design of high-capacity storage systems.展开更多
Magnesium-based anode materials have attracted significant attention in the energy storage domain because of their high theoretical capacities and low electrochemical potentials.However,in conventional electrolyte sys...Magnesium-based anode materials have attracted significant attention in the energy storage domain because of their high theoretical capacities and low electrochemical potentials.However,in conventional electrolyte systems,magnesium metal electrodes dynamically generate an ion-blocking surface layer,resulting in prominent voltage polarization,which severely limits their practical applications.In this study,ZIF-8/carbon nanotubes(CNTs)coatings were used to modify the anodes of magnesium batteries.Compared with the unaltered magnesium battery,the voltage lag time of the ZIF-8/CNTs coating was shortened from 4 s before modification to 0.26 s,and the battery impedance was lowered by two orders of magnitude.The duration of the discharge platform was increased from 4 h before modification to 6-10 h,the anode utilization rate was more than doubled,and the specific energy density was significantly enhanced compared with the battery before modification.The mechanism indicates that the ZIF-8/CNTs coating can limit the infiltration of corrosive substances,extend their transmission path,and offer more effective protection to the magnesium anode.The incorporation of CNTs improves the conductivity of the battery,and it significantly improves the electrochemical performance of the magnesium battery.展开更多
This study proposes a multi-scale simplified residual convolutional neural network(MS-SRCNN)for the precise prediction of Mg-Nd binary alloy compositions from scanning electron microscope(SEM)images.A multi-scale data...This study proposes a multi-scale simplified residual convolutional neural network(MS-SRCNN)for the precise prediction of Mg-Nd binary alloy compositions from scanning electron microscope(SEM)images.A multi-scale data structure is established by spatially aligning and stacking SEM images at different magnifications.The MS-SRCNN significantly reduces computational runtime by over 90%compared to traditional architectures like ResNet50,VGG16,and VGG19,without compromising prediction accuracy.The model demonstrates more excellent predictive performance,achieving a>5%increase in R^(2) compared to single-scale models.Furthermore,the MS-SRCNN exhibits robust composition prediction capability across other Mg-based binary alloys,including Mg-La,Mg-Sn,Mg-Ce,Mg-Sm,Mg-Ag,and Mg-Y,thereby emphasizing its generalization and extrapolation potential.This research establishes a non-destructive,microstructure-informed composition analysis framework,reduces characterization time compared to traditional experiment methods and provides insights into the composition-microstructure relationship in diverse material systems.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have attracted much attention due to the high theoretical capacity(3833 mAh cm−3)of magnesium metal negative electrode and abundant resources.However,the preparation of ultra-thin...Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have attracted much attention due to the high theoretical capacity(3833 mAh cm−3)of magnesium metal negative electrode and abundant resources.However,the preparation of ultra-thin magnesium foils faces the problems of rolling difficulty and high processing cost,while the use of thick magnesium foils leads to low utilization of magnesium and reduces the energy density.To tackle the above problems,we successfully prepared ultra-thin magnesium foils based on electrolytic process and investigated the effect of different substrates.The magnesium foils prepared using Mo substrate have more uniform surface morphology and lower surface roughness,which is attributed to the lower magnesium nucleation overpotential of Mo substrate.Meanwhile,density functional theory calculations show that the adsorption energy of Mo on Mg is more negative,which is conducive to achieving uniform nucleation and deposition of Mg.The Mg deposition on Mo substrate undergoes the characteristic stages of transient nucleation,nucleus accretion,multidirectional heterotopic growth,and columnar crystal stacking,and ultimately the formation of a dense deposited layer.In addition,the prepared ultra-thin Mg foil with Mo substrate can stably cycle for 1000 h at 3 mA cm^(-2) with high utilization of 50% in the symmetric cell.This study develops a facile method for the preparation of ultra-thin Mg foils,which opens up a new path for developing high-performance ultra-thin negative electrodes for RMBs.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)are considered promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity.However,the non-uniform deposition/stripping behavior of Mg m...Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)are considered promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity.However,the non-uniform deposition/stripping behavior of Mg metal hinders the practical application of RMBs.This study demonstrates that the designed interfacial electric field effect,driven by a copper phthalocyanine(CuPc)conductive interlayer,enhances the kinetics and stability of the Mg anode.In situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy coupled with distribution of relaxation times analysis reveals that the highly delocalized electron cloud network of CuPc establishes a low-energy-barrier electron transport pathway,significantly reducing charge transfer resistance.Electrochemical characterization and density functional theory calculations indicate that the interfacial electric field effect effectively improves interfacial Mg^(2+)diffusion by enhancing electron delocalization and reducing the Mg^(2+)migration energy barrier.Furthermore,finite element simulations substantiate that the interfacial electric field imparts uniform interfacial charge distribution and homogeneous Mg deposition during plating/stripping processes.Consequently,the symmetric cell with CuPc@Mg achieves an ultra-long lifetime(1,400h at 5mAcm^(−2))and a high Coulombic efficiency(99.3%).Furthermore,the CuPc@Mg||Mo6S8 cell achieves high capacity retention(92%).This work highlights the potential of metal phthalocyanines in stabilizing Mg anodes.展开更多
In the extraction of potassium from salt lakes,Mg is abundant in the form of bischofite(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),which is not utilized effectively,resulting in the waste of resources and environmental pressure.Anhydrous...In the extraction of potassium from salt lakes,Mg is abundant in the form of bischofite(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),which is not utilized effectively,resulting in the waste of resources and environmental pressure.Anhydrous MgCl_(2) prepared by the dehydration of bischofite is a high-quality raw material for the production of Mg.However,direct calcination of MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O in industrial dehydration processes leads to a large amount of hydrolysis.The by-products are harmful to the electrolysis process of Mg,causing problems such as sludge formation,low current efficiency,and corrosion in the electrodes.To obtain high-purity anhydrous MgCl_(2),different advanced dehydration processes have been proposed.In this review,we focus on the recent progress of the dehydration process.Firstly,we discuss the molecular structure of MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O and explain the reason why much hydrolysis occurs in dehydration.Secondly,we introduce the specific dehydration processes,mainly divided into direct dehydration processes and indirect dehydration processes.The direct dehydration processes are classified into gas protection heating and molecular sieve dehydration process.Indirect dehydration processes are classified into thermal dehydration of ammonium carnallite(NH_(4)Cl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),thermal dehydration of potassium carnallite(KCl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),thermal decomposition of the[HAE]Cl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O,organic solvent distillation,ionic liquid dehydration process and ammonia complexation process.In the meanwhile,purity of anhydrous MgCl_(2) of each dehydration process,as well as the advantages and disadvantages,is discussed.The characteristics of different processes with a simple economic budget are also given in this paper.Finally,the main challenges are evaluated with suggested directions in the future,aiming to guide the synthesis of high-purity anhydrous MgCl_(2).展开更多
基金supported by Health and Medical Research Fund(18190481)Research Impact Fund(R4034-23F)+6 种基金Areas of Excellence(AoE/M-402/20)General Research Fund(14120924)Co-funding Mechanism on Joint Laboratories with the CAS(JLFS/M-401/24)the Knowledge Transfer Project Fund(KPF24GWP05)the IdeaBooster Fund(IDBF25MED07)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Guangdong 2021A15150112042021A1515011285).
文摘Magnesium(Mg)-based biomaterials transform inherent limitations—rapid degradation and suboptimal strength—into therapeutic advantages for orthopedic regeneration.Contrary to industrial perceptions,the moderate corrosion rate and bone-mimetic stiffness(~30 GPa)of Mg synergistically support tissue repair:degradation products activate multiple pathways to enhance functional bone regeneration.Clinical translation milestones include China’s first NMPA-approved Mg-based 3D-printed scaffold.Future advancement hinges on three pillars:biomimetic structural design,material refinement,and smart implants.By redefining the“shortcomings”of Mg as regenerative assets,this paradigm accelerates functional bone reconstruction across orthopedic scenarios.
文摘Wound management continues to present major clinical challenges,often necessitating therapeutic strategies that extend beyond conventional dressings,which provide only passive protection.Magnesium(Mg),a biologically indispensable element,has attracted considerable attention for its multifaceted role in wound repair,including modulation of inflammatory responses,stimulation of fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation,promotion of angiogenesis,and enhancement of collagen synthesis.However,the direct application of Mg formulations is limited by uncontrolled Mg ion(Mg^(2+))release,localized cytotoxicity at elevated concentrations,and inadequate mechanical stability at the wound site.To address these challenges,Mg-incorporated polymeric scaffolds have been developed as advanced delivery platforms.These systems integrate the regenerative capacity of Mg with the tunable properties of polymers,enabling controlled degradation,mechanical reinforcement,and sustained Mg^(2+)release to establish a favorable microenvironment for tissue repair.This review critically examines the role of Mg in wound healing and the effectiveness of polymeric matrices for controlled Mg^(2+)delivery.It further provides a comprehensive evaluation of recent advances in Mg-incorporated polymeric scaffolds,including nanofibers,hydrogels,and sponges,with emphasis on fabrication strategies,structural characteristics,and therapeutic efficacy.Key challenges,such as optimizing ion release kinetics,enhancing scaffold stability,and facilitating clinical translation,are also discussed.Collectively,this work underscores the potential of Mg-polymeric scaffolds as a next-generation platform for advanced wound care and highlights perspectives for future research and development.
基金Project(2023YFB4606200)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2023-SSRF-HZ-503114-2)supported by Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility,Instrument BL16U2,China。
文摘This comprehensive study investigates the formation and evolution of intermetallic compounds during the solidification process of magnesium alloys using advanced micro X-ray computed tomography.By analyzing both common industrial Mg-Al-Zn alloys and a novel rare earth-containing Mg-Ni-Gd-Y alloy,we aim to characterize the nucleation,growth,and distribution of Al-Mn and eutectic intermetallics across various stages of solidification.The non destructive imaging technique employed in this research provides high-resolution,three-dimensional insights into the microstructural development,allowing for a detailed examination of the morphology,spatial arrangement,and interconnectivity of intermetallic phases.This approach overcomes limitations of traditional two-dimensional metallographic methods,offering a more comprehensive understanding of the complex three-dimensional structures formed during solidification.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2022YFB3803703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52071141,52271212,52201250,51771056,22305104)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20210893)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (No.G2023014022L)。
文摘Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2)) demonstrates immense potential as a solid-state hydrogen storage material,while its commercial utilization is impeded by the elevated operating temperature and sluggish reaction kinetics.Herein,a MOF derived multi-phase FeNi_(3)-S catalyst was specially designed for efficient hydrogen storage in MgH_(2).Experiments confirmed that the incorporation of FeNi_(3)-S into MgH_(2) significantly lowered the desorption temperature and accelerated the kinetics of hydrogen desorption and reabsorption.The initial dehydrogenation temperature of the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite was 202 ℃,which was 123 ℃ lower than that of pure MgH_(2).At 325 ℃,the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite released 6.57 wt% H_(2)(fully dehydrogenated) within 1000 s.Remarkably,MgH_(2)+ 10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite initiated rehydrogenation at room temperature and rapidly absorbed 2.49 wt% H_(2) within 30 min at 100 ℃.Moreover,6.3 wt% H_(2) was still retained after 20 cycles at 300 ℃,demonstrating the superior cycling performance of the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite.The activation energy fitting calculations further evidenced the addition of FeNi_(3)-S enhanced the de/resorption kinetics of MgH_(2)(E_(a)= 98.6 k J/mol and 43.3 k J/mol,respectively).Through phase and microstructural analysis,it was determined that the exceptional hydrogen storage performance of the composite was attributed to the in-situ formation of Mg/Mg_(2)Ni + Fe/MgS and MgH_(2)/Mg_(2)NiH_(4)+Fe/MgS hydrogen storage systems.Further mechanistic analysis revealed that Mg_(2)Ni/Mg_(2)NiH_(4) served as “hydrogen pump” and Fe/Mg S served as “hydrogen diffusion channel”,thus accelerating the dissociation and recombination of hydrogen molecules.In conclusion,this work offers insight into catalysts combining transition metal alloys and transition metal sulfide for exerting muti-phase synergistic effect on boosting the dehydrogenation/hydrogenation reactions of MgH_(2),which can also inspire future pioneering work on designing and fabricating high efficient catalysts in other energy storage related areas.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3712401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274301)+2 种基金the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2023Z0530S6005)Academician Workstation of Kunming University of Science and Technology(2024),Ningbo Yongjiang Talent-Introduction Program(No.2022A-023C)Zhejiang Phenomenological Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,China.
文摘The thermal and electrical conductivities of magnesium alloys are highly sensitive to composition and microstructure,with thermal conductivity varying by up to 20-fold across different as-cast alloy systems,making rapid and accurate prediction crucial for high-throughput screening and development of high-performance alloys.This study introduces a physics-informed symbolic regression approach that addresses the limitations of traditional methods,including the high computational cost of first-principles calculations and the poor interpretability of machine learning models.Comprehensive datasets comprising 1512 data points from 60 literature sources were analyzed,including thermal conductivity measurements from 52 alloy systems and electrical conductivity measurements from 36 systems.The derived symbolic regression model achieved Mean Absolute Percentage Errors(MAPEs)of 11.2%and 11.4%for thermal conductivity in low and high-component systems,respectively.When integrated with the Smith-Palmer equation,electrical conductivity predictions reached MAPEs of 15.6%and 16.4%.Independent validation on an entirely separate dataset of 554 data points from 53 additional literature sources,including 37 previously unseen alloy systems,confirmed model generalizability with MAPEs of 10.7%-15.2%.Shapley Additive Explanations(SHAP)analysis was employed to evaluate the relative importance of different features affecting conductivity,while equation decomposition quantified the contribution of individual functional terms.This methodology bridges data-driven prediction with mechanistic understanding,establishing a foundation for knowledge-based design of magnesium alloys with tailored transport properties.
基金PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S.Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830sponsored by the DOEEERE,Vehicle Technology Office,through the Joining Core Program.
文摘Joining magnesium(Mg)alloys to steel is difficult due to metallurgical incompatibility.Applying a zinc(Zn)coating to steel enables formation of a thin Mg-Zn eutectic phase layer during welding,which promotes strong bonding.However,in joints created with Friction-stir assisted scribe technology(FAST),this Mg-Zn eutectic phase layer occasionally extends from the interface to the surface of the Mg sheet.This phenomenon is attributed to the formation of a liquid-state Mg-Zn eutectic phase,coupled with the distinctive material flow induced by the FAST tool.Microstructural analysis confirmed that the Mg-Zn eutectic phase comprisesα-Mg and the Mg_(21)Zn_(25)intermetallic compound.Lap shear tensile tests revealed that when the Mg-Zn eutectic phase migration pathway aligned with the stir zone boundary,it led to reduced joint strength and premature fracture along the eutectic phase pathway.This indicates that liquid metal embrittlement(LME)occurred during FAST joining of Mg alloy and galvanized steel.These findings highlight the critical importance of controlling tool features and process parameters in FAST welding to prevent LME-related failures in dissimilar Mg/steel assemblies.
基金Funded by the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(No.202203021211191)。
文摘To investigate the effects of extrusion temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of WE43 magnesium alloy,extrusion experiments were conducted under 330,380,430,and 450℃,and the extrusion ratio was 16.The experimental results indicate that,at a low temperature of 330℃,the alloy precipitates a large amount of second phases rich in Zr elements.Moreover,the texture strength and kernel average misorientation value are the highest,with values of 27.77 and 0.71,respectively.The increase in extrusion temperature leads to a gradual decrease in texture strength and kernel average misorientation value.The strength of the alloy is the highest at an extrusion temperature of 330℃.Its tensile yield stress is 254.7 MPa and ultimate tensile strength is 302.7 MPa,respectively.As the extrusion temperature increases,the strength of the alloy gradually decreases.At an extrusion temperature of 450℃,the tensile yield stress is 181.3 MPa and ultimate tensile strength is 265.7 MPa,respectively.The elongation first increases and then decreases,with an elongation of 20.9%at an extrusion temperature of 330℃.At an extrusion temperature of 430℃,the elongation reaches its maximum value,which is 23.6%.At an extrusion temperature of 450℃,the elongation reaches its lowest value,which is 16.4%.
基金support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG)-Projektnummer 505716422the French National Research Agency(ANR)grants ANR22-CE92-0058-01(SILA)and ANR-21-CE08-0001(ATOUUM)+2 种基金support by the DFG through the projects A05 of the SFB1394 StructuralChemical Atomic Complexity-From Defect Phase Diagrams to Material Properties,project ID 409476157support funded by the DFG-Projektnummer 562592407 and 555365333.
文摘Magnesium(Mg)and its alloys,known for their low density and high specific strength,are increasingly explored as lightweight structural materials across a broad range of industrial applications.However,their widespread application remains constrained by intrinsic mechanical limitations,fundamentally rooted in the nature of crystallographic defects.Atomic-scale modeling techniques are transforming our ability to unravel the structures,energetics,and dynamics of these defects and to explore their complex interactions,thereby guiding defect engineering in Mg alloys.However,the growing body of available data can make it difficult for researchers to identify critical knowledge gaps and promising areas for further exploration.To address this challenge,we highlight key research domains with significant potential for impactful advancements,aiming to illuminate these areas while inspiring innovative approaches and encouraging deeper exploration of pivotal topics that may shape the future of Mg alloy development.This review presents a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in atomic-scale modeling of defects in Mg and its alloys.We introduce key simulation methodologies,including density functional theory and atomistic simulations,and highlight their applications to defect distribution,defect dynamics,and defect-defect interactions.By bridging fundamental insights in defects with alloy design strategies,this review aims to support and inspire the broader Mg research community and to underscore the growing impact of atomic-scale modeling in the accelerated development of high-performance Mg alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52471132,52475356,12272192,52475344,U21A20130)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province for Distinguished Young Scholars(2024J010031)as well as the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(grant number CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0886).
文摘Investigating effect of recrystallization mechanism on deformation mode and texture evolution is conducive to controlling deformation mechanism and texture in magnesium alloys under medium-high temperature impact loading.In the present study,a Johnson-Cook model incorporating twin strengthening was established to simulate macro-deformation,and a twinning induced recrystallization(TDRX)model and bulging recrystallization(GBBDRX)model are introduced into visco-plastic self consistant(VPSC)framework to quantitatively study the deformation mechanism of pre-twinned AZ31 magnesium alloy during medium-high temperature impact loading.Both TDRX and GBBDRX occur,with basal slip as the dominant slip system,followed by pyramidal〈c+a〉slip and prismatic slip.The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)significantly influences basal and pyramidal〈c+a〉slip systems,with minimal impact on secondary deformation mechanism.In addition,the recrystallization mechanism of grain boundary bowing increases the activity of basal slip and decreases the activity of pyramidal〈c+a〉slip.The nucleation and growth of recrystallized grains enhance basal slip activity and suppress pyramidal〈c+a〉slip,leading to the formation of a strong basal texture.As dynamic recrystallization progresses,a bimodal texture develops,characterized by a reduction in basal component pole density and a more pronounced basal slip.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52301107,52571107)the Joint Fund Project of Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Plan(242301420036)supported by the Training Program for Young Backbone Teachers in Higher Education Institutions of Zhengzhou University.
文摘The effects of three corrosion inhibitors on Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy corrosion fatigue were investigated.Salicylic acid(SA)induces uniform but rapid corrosion,limiting fatigue life improvement.2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid(2,6-PDCA)delays crack initiation under low stress yet fails to fully suppress localized corrosion.Paeonol condensed cysteine Schiff base(PCCys)significantly inhibits both uniform corrosion and localized attacks,enhancing corrosion fatigue life.Localized corrosion behavior,rather than isolated corrosion rate metrics,critically determines mechanical performance under combined corrosive-dynamic stress conditions.A multi-parameter evaluation framework integrating localized corrosion,corrosion rate,and stress effects is proposed for practical screening of corrosion inhibitors for magnesium alloys.
基金Funded by the Ten National-level Science and Technology Innovation Platform Cultivation and Construction Projects in Qinghai Province(No.2025-ZJ-J01)the Leader of Natural Science and Engineering Technology in Qinghai Province(2023)the Western Young Scholars Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2024)。
文摘The influence mechanism of MgO particle fineness on the properties of MOC was comprehensively explored through means of grinding,sieving,hydration and apparent density testing,in conjunction with characterization methods such as setting time,stability,compressive strength,and microscopic morphology.The findings reveal that MOC demonstrates excellent stability and mechanical properties when the particle fineness of MgO is less than 75μm.When the MgO particle fineness exceeds 75μm,MOC exhibits superior fluidity and maneuverability.When 0.75μm MgO is employed as the raw material to prepare MOC,a water-cement ratio of 0.6 proves more favorable.These results can furnish a theoretical foundation for the preparation and application of MOC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.52275364 and 52025052)。
文摘The corrosion resistance of base metal,laser-arc hybrid welded AZ31B magnesium alloys with and without addition of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)was compared.The corrosion behaviors and the underlying improvement mechanism of CNTs were systematically investigated.The introduction of CNTs effectively refined the grains,weakened the texture and enhanced the microstructure homogeneity of the weld,which contributed to the enhancement of corrosion resistance.Specifically,the corrosion rates of hydrogen evolution and weight loss of weld decreased by>30%after the addition of CNTs,and the corrosion products were denser due to the formation of Al_(2)O_(3)passive film.The corrosion current density and polarization resistance of weld with addition of CNTs were 1.220μA/cm^(2)and 7155·cm^(2),respectively,in contrast to 2.480μA/cm^(2)and approximately 269.5·cm^(2)for the weld without CNTs.Besides,the content of precipitates in the weld increased from 0.60%to 1.76%after the addition of CNTs,which can release Al^(3+)ions,promoting the formation of a dense Al_(2)O_(3)film that serves to protect the metal matrix from further degradation.
基金founded by the National Science Centre,Poland(NCN),under grant no.UMO-2023/49/B/ST11/00774The research(neutron diffraction experiments)leading to this result has been co-funded by the project NEPHEWS under grant agreement no.101131414 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon Europe+6 种基金Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s)only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union.Neither the European Union nor the granting authorities can be held responsible for them.Measurements were carried out at the CANAM infrastructure of the NPI CAS Rez.The employment of the CICRR infrastructure supported by MEYS project LM2023041 is acknowledgedThe Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic(MEYS),support of large research infrastructures LM2023057K.M.acknowledges support of the Czech Grant Agency under project no.25-16210SP.K.acknowledges support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the NOMATEN teaming grant agreement no.857470the European Regional Development Fund via the Foundation for Polish Science International Research Agenda Plus Program grant no.MAB PLUS/2018/8the Ministry of Science and Higher Education's initiative“Support for the Activities of Centers of Excellence Established in Poland under the Horizon 2020 Program”under agreement no.MEiN/2023/DIR/3795K.W.was partly supported by the program“Excellence initiative-research university”for the AGH University of Krakow.
文摘This study investigates the plastic deformation behaviour of the AZ31 magnesium alloy under various uniaxial loading conditions using in-situ neutron diffraction,the crystallite group method(CGM),and crystal plasticity modelling.A key novelty of this work is the direct,model independent determination of resolved shear stress(RSS)values for individual slip and twinning systems,as well as their critical values(CRSS),derived from lattice strains in grains with preferred orientations.The experiment was extended beyond the conventional loading paths along the normal direction(ND)and rolling direction(RD)to include compression at angles of 30°and 60°from the ND(referred to as NDC30 and NDC60 tests),which had not been investigated in previous studies.Notably,the NDC30 test,combined with diffraction measurements,was specifically designed to activate basal slip in the majority of grains while minimizing twinning,enabling clear identification of this slip system and accurate determination of its CRSS.For the first time,hardening parameters were determined by comparing the model predicted values of RSS with those obtained from diffraction measurements for each active system.These data,together with the results of macroscopic tests,were used to calibrate an elastic-plastic self-consistent(EPSC)model,which accurately reproduced stress partitioning under applied load,texture evolution,and twin activity.The integrated methodology enhances the reliability of CRSS input and improves the modelling of anisotropic plasticity in magnesium alloys by tuning intergranular interactions based on a modified Eshelby inclusion approach.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.JQ2022E004).
文摘Conventional cross rolling is influenced by the force couple effect of symmetrical rollers,resulting in the c-axis of the plate grains being oriented perpendicular to the rolling surface.This orientation contributes to a high degree of work hardening and mechanical anisotropy,thereby complicating subsequent processing.In this study,the hard plate cross rolling(HP-CR)process is put forward for the first time,and the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of rolled AZ31 Magnesium plate were analyzed.The results indicate that,in comparison to traditional cross rolling(CR),the average grain size of the HP-CR is refined to 5.33µm.Additionally,the average yield strength and elongation of the sheet are enhanced by 15.2%and 35.2%,respectively,while the average tensile strength is 283 MPa,and the r value decreases by 39.8%.These changes are attributed to the combined effects of grain refinement,microstructural homogenization,and basal texture weakening.On the one hand,the substantial energy stored in the original lattice distortion serves as a driving force for the dynamic recrystallization process,facilitating the elimination of the deformed grain structure.This process increases the proportion of recrystallized grains from 5%to 82%,reduces the degree of work hardening,and correspondingly decreases the density of geometrically necessary dislocations(ρ^(GND))by 70.8%,accompanied by the formation of high-angle grain boundaries(HAGB).On the other hand,dynamic recrystallization promotes grain rearrangement,resulting in an increased number of grains oriented in the transverse direction(TD),which diminishes the texture strength of the basal plane.Concurrently,the activation of non-basal slip systems reduces the resistance to dislocation sliding in various directions,significantly reduces the degree of mechanical anisotropy and enhancing the plastic deformation capacity of the plate.This research provides valuable scientific insights and technical foundations for the large-scale manufacturing of high-performance AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3809500)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024CDJXY003)+1 种基金the Venture&Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees(cx2023087)The Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Project(No.2024TIAD-KPX0003).
文摘Micro-sized anatase TiO_(2) displays inferior capacity as cathode material for magnesium ion batteries because of the higher diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)in anatase TiO_(2) lattice.Herein,we report that nanosized anatase TiO_(2) exposed(001)facet doubles the capacity compared to the micro-sized sample ascribed to the interfacial Mg^(2+)ion storage.First-principles calculations reveal that the diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)on the(001)facet is significantly lower than those in the bulk phase and on(100)facet,and the adsorption energy of Mg^(2+)on the(001)facet is also considerably lower than that on(100)facet,which guarantees superior interfacial Mg^(2+)storage of(001)facet.Moreover,anatase TiO_(2) exposed(001)facet displays a significantly higher capacity of 312.9 mAh g^(−1) in Mg-Li dual-salt electrolyte compared to 234.3 mAh g^(−1) in Li salt electrolyte.The adsorption energies of Mg^(2+)on(001)facet are much lower than the adsorption energies of Li+on(001)facet,implying that the Mg^(2+)ion interfacial storage is more favorable.These results highlight that controlling the crystal facet of the nanocrystals effectively enhances the interfacial storage of multivalent ions.This work offers valuable guidance for the rational design of high-capacity storage systems.
基金supported by the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2020GXNSFAA 159011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51664011).
文摘Magnesium-based anode materials have attracted significant attention in the energy storage domain because of their high theoretical capacities and low electrochemical potentials.However,in conventional electrolyte systems,magnesium metal electrodes dynamically generate an ion-blocking surface layer,resulting in prominent voltage polarization,which severely limits their practical applications.In this study,ZIF-8/carbon nanotubes(CNTs)coatings were used to modify the anodes of magnesium batteries.Compared with the unaltered magnesium battery,the voltage lag time of the ZIF-8/CNTs coating was shortened from 4 s before modification to 0.26 s,and the battery impedance was lowered by two orders of magnitude.The duration of the discharge platform was increased from 4 h before modification to 6-10 h,the anode utilization rate was more than doubled,and the specific energy density was significantly enhanced compared with the battery before modification.The mechanism indicates that the ZIF-8/CNTs coating can limit the infiltration of corrosive substances,extend their transmission path,and offer more effective protection to the magnesium anode.The incorporation of CNTs improves the conductivity of the battery,and it significantly improves the electrochemical performance of the magnesium battery.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204407)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220595)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723689).
文摘This study proposes a multi-scale simplified residual convolutional neural network(MS-SRCNN)for the precise prediction of Mg-Nd binary alloy compositions from scanning electron microscope(SEM)images.A multi-scale data structure is established by spatially aligning and stacking SEM images at different magnifications.The MS-SRCNN significantly reduces computational runtime by over 90%compared to traditional architectures like ResNet50,VGG16,and VGG19,without compromising prediction accuracy.The model demonstrates more excellent predictive performance,achieving a>5%increase in R^(2) compared to single-scale models.Furthermore,the MS-SRCNN exhibits robust composition prediction capability across other Mg-based binary alloys,including Mg-La,Mg-Sn,Mg-Ce,Mg-Sm,Mg-Ag,and Mg-Y,thereby emphasizing its generalization and extrapolation potential.This research establishes a non-destructive,microstructure-informed composition analysis framework,reduces characterization time compared to traditional experiment methods and provides insights into the composition-microstructure relationship in diverse material systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2037601)the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2023YFB3809500)the Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Project(No.CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0028).
文摘Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have attracted much attention due to the high theoretical capacity(3833 mAh cm−3)of magnesium metal negative electrode and abundant resources.However,the preparation of ultra-thin magnesium foils faces the problems of rolling difficulty and high processing cost,while the use of thick magnesium foils leads to low utilization of magnesium and reduces the energy density.To tackle the above problems,we successfully prepared ultra-thin magnesium foils based on electrolytic process and investigated the effect of different substrates.The magnesium foils prepared using Mo substrate have more uniform surface morphology and lower surface roughness,which is attributed to the lower magnesium nucleation overpotential of Mo substrate.Meanwhile,density functional theory calculations show that the adsorption energy of Mo on Mg is more negative,which is conducive to achieving uniform nucleation and deposition of Mg.The Mg deposition on Mo substrate undergoes the characteristic stages of transient nucleation,nucleus accretion,multidirectional heterotopic growth,and columnar crystal stacking,and ultimately the formation of a dense deposited layer.In addition,the prepared ultra-thin Mg foil with Mo substrate can stably cycle for 1000 h at 3 mA cm^(-2) with high utilization of 50% in the symmetric cell.This study develops a facile method for the preparation of ultra-thin Mg foils,which opens up a new path for developing high-performance ultra-thin negative electrodes for RMBs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274295)Hebei Province Science and Technology Research and Development Platform Special Innovation Capability Enhancement Plan Project(24464402D)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N2423051,N2423005)the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(QN2024238)The Basic Research Program Project of Shijiazhuang City for Universities Stationed in Hebei Province(241790937A)2025 Hebei Provincial Post-graduate Student Innovation Ability Training Funding Project(CXZZBS2025202,CXZZSS2025157).
文摘Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)are considered promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity.However,the non-uniform deposition/stripping behavior of Mg metal hinders the practical application of RMBs.This study demonstrates that the designed interfacial electric field effect,driven by a copper phthalocyanine(CuPc)conductive interlayer,enhances the kinetics and stability of the Mg anode.In situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy coupled with distribution of relaxation times analysis reveals that the highly delocalized electron cloud network of CuPc establishes a low-energy-barrier electron transport pathway,significantly reducing charge transfer resistance.Electrochemical characterization and density functional theory calculations indicate that the interfacial electric field effect effectively improves interfacial Mg^(2+)diffusion by enhancing electron delocalization and reducing the Mg^(2+)migration energy barrier.Furthermore,finite element simulations substantiate that the interfacial electric field imparts uniform interfacial charge distribution and homogeneous Mg deposition during plating/stripping processes.Consequently,the symmetric cell with CuPc@Mg achieves an ultra-long lifetime(1,400h at 5mAcm^(−2))and a high Coulombic efficiency(99.3%).Furthermore,the CuPc@Mg||Mo6S8 cell achieves high capacity retention(92%).This work highlights the potential of metal phthalocyanines in stabilizing Mg anodes.
基金funded by Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022D01F60)Tianshan Talents Plan of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022TSYCJC0001)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22368051)Science and Technology Plan Project of Karamay(20232023hjcxrc0038 and 2024hjcxrc0118)Projects of Talents Recruitment of GDUPT(2023rcyj2005)。
文摘In the extraction of potassium from salt lakes,Mg is abundant in the form of bischofite(MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),which is not utilized effectively,resulting in the waste of resources and environmental pressure.Anhydrous MgCl_(2) prepared by the dehydration of bischofite is a high-quality raw material for the production of Mg.However,direct calcination of MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O in industrial dehydration processes leads to a large amount of hydrolysis.The by-products are harmful to the electrolysis process of Mg,causing problems such as sludge formation,low current efficiency,and corrosion in the electrodes.To obtain high-purity anhydrous MgCl_(2),different advanced dehydration processes have been proposed.In this review,we focus on the recent progress of the dehydration process.Firstly,we discuss the molecular structure of MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O and explain the reason why much hydrolysis occurs in dehydration.Secondly,we introduce the specific dehydration processes,mainly divided into direct dehydration processes and indirect dehydration processes.The direct dehydration processes are classified into gas protection heating and molecular sieve dehydration process.Indirect dehydration processes are classified into thermal dehydration of ammonium carnallite(NH_(4)Cl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),thermal dehydration of potassium carnallite(KCl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O),thermal decomposition of the[HAE]Cl·MgCl_(2)·6H_(2)O,organic solvent distillation,ionic liquid dehydration process and ammonia complexation process.In the meanwhile,purity of anhydrous MgCl_(2) of each dehydration process,as well as the advantages and disadvantages,is discussed.The characteristics of different processes with a simple economic budget are also given in this paper.Finally,the main challenges are evaluated with suggested directions in the future,aiming to guide the synthesis of high-purity anhydrous MgCl_(2).
