Ecosystems are complex systems shaped by both self-organization and anthropogenic regulation,emerging from the dynamic interplay among water,land,climate,biota,and human activities.As the foundational habitat for huma...Ecosystems are complex systems shaped by both self-organization and anthropogenic regulation,emerging from the dynamic interplay among water,land,climate,biota,and human activities.As the foundational habitat for human well-being,they provide essential services including ecological goods,natural resources,cultural value,and livable environments.Amid accelerating global change,intensifying environmental pressures,and deepening disciplinary integration,ecosystem science is entering a period of transformative development.This study identifies macrosystems ecology,grounded in the principles of large-scale ecological processes,as a pivotal framework for driving the future of ecosystem science.We propose an integrated theoretical,epistemological,engineering and technological system to support this evolution,and retrospectively examine the origins and scientific mission of macrosystems ecology.Core questions,practical applications,research subjects,paradigms,and methodological systems are systematically outlined.In addition,we articulate the multidisciplinary principles,epistemological framework,and axiomatic system that underpin a coherent structure for macrosystems ecology.Together,these components offer strategic guidance for advancing both theoretical understanding and practical innovation in sustainable ecosystem management.展开更多
采用B-IBI(benthic index of biotic integrity,底栖动物完整性指数)结合UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle,无人机)遥感技术,对辽河保护区干流上游河流生态系统健康进行评价.根据16个采样点的UAV遥感正射影像、水质参数、水体理化指标和土...采用B-IBI(benthic index of biotic integrity,底栖动物完整性指数)结合UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle,无人机)遥感技术,对辽河保护区干流上游河流生态系统健康进行评价.根据16个采样点的UAV遥感正射影像、水质参数、水体理化指标和土地利用类型等信息,从中筛选出4个采样点作为参照点,其余为受损点;通过分布范围、判别能力和相关性分析,从32个候选生物指标中筛选出6个核心指标,包括总分类单元数、摇蚊分类单元数、寡毛类分类单元数、敏感类群、前3位优势分类单元和均匀度指数.B-IBI评价结果显示,辽河干流上游处于健康(B-IBI>3.90)的河段占0.82%,亚健康(2.93<B-IBI≤3.90)的河段占31.26%,一般(1.95<B-IBI≤2.93)的河段占43.43%,较差(0.98<B-IBI≤1.95)的河段占23.57%,极差(0<B-IBI≤0.98)的河段占0.92%.B-IBI与栖境质量综合评分呈显著线性正相关(R2=0.55,P<0.01).辽河干流上游底栖动物群落以中污染水体指示种为主.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.32588202,32222052 and 42261144688).
文摘Ecosystems are complex systems shaped by both self-organization and anthropogenic regulation,emerging from the dynamic interplay among water,land,climate,biota,and human activities.As the foundational habitat for human well-being,they provide essential services including ecological goods,natural resources,cultural value,and livable environments.Amid accelerating global change,intensifying environmental pressures,and deepening disciplinary integration,ecosystem science is entering a period of transformative development.This study identifies macrosystems ecology,grounded in the principles of large-scale ecological processes,as a pivotal framework for driving the future of ecosystem science.We propose an integrated theoretical,epistemological,engineering and technological system to support this evolution,and retrospectively examine the origins and scientific mission of macrosystems ecology.Core questions,practical applications,research subjects,paradigms,and methodological systems are systematically outlined.In addition,we articulate the multidisciplinary principles,epistemological framework,and axiomatic system that underpin a coherent structure for macrosystems ecology.Together,these components offer strategic guidance for advancing both theoretical understanding and practical innovation in sustainable ecosystem management.
文摘采用B-IBI(benthic index of biotic integrity,底栖动物完整性指数)结合UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle,无人机)遥感技术,对辽河保护区干流上游河流生态系统健康进行评价.根据16个采样点的UAV遥感正射影像、水质参数、水体理化指标和土地利用类型等信息,从中筛选出4个采样点作为参照点,其余为受损点;通过分布范围、判别能力和相关性分析,从32个候选生物指标中筛选出6个核心指标,包括总分类单元数、摇蚊分类单元数、寡毛类分类单元数、敏感类群、前3位优势分类单元和均匀度指数.B-IBI评价结果显示,辽河干流上游处于健康(B-IBI>3.90)的河段占0.82%,亚健康(2.93<B-IBI≤3.90)的河段占31.26%,一般(1.95<B-IBI≤2.93)的河段占43.43%,较差(0.98<B-IBI≤1.95)的河段占23.57%,极差(0<B-IBI≤0.98)的河段占0.92%.B-IBI与栖境质量综合评分呈显著线性正相关(R2=0.55,P<0.01).辽河干流上游底栖动物群落以中污染水体指示种为主.
