BACKGROUND Low rectal cancer poses a significant surgical challenge because of its close proximity to the anal sphincter,often requiring radical resection with permanent colostomy to achieve oncological safety.Revisit...BACKGROUND Low rectal cancer poses a significant surgical challenge because of its close proximity to the anal sphincter,often requiring radical resection with permanent colostomy to achieve oncological safety.Revisited rectal anatomy,advances in surgical techniques and neoadjuvant therapies have enabled the possibility of sphincter-preserving procedures,however,it is uniformly not applicable.Selecting appropriate candidates for sphincter preservation is crucial,as an illadvised approach may compromise oncological outcome or lead to poor functional outcomes.Currently there is no consensus-which clinical,anatomical,or molecular factors most accurately predict the feasibility of sphincter-preserving surgery(SPS)in this subset of patients.By identifying these predictors,the study seeks to support improved patient selection,enhance surgical planning,and ultimately contribute to better functional and oncological outcomes in patients with low rectal cancer.AIM To identify predictive factors that determine the feasibility of SPS in patients with low rectal cancer.METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE databases.The search focused on various factors influencing the feasibility of SPS in low rectal cancer.These included patient-related factors,anatomical considerations,findings from different imaging modalities,advancements in diagnostic tools and techniques,and the role of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.The relevance of each factor in predicting the potential for sphincter preservation was critically analyzed and presented based on the current evidence RESULTS Multiple studies have identified a range of predictive factors influencing the feasibility of SPS in low rectal cancer.Patient-related factors include age,sex,preoperative continence status,comorbidities,and body mass index.Anatomical considerations,such as tumor distance from the anal verge,involvement of the external anal sphincter,and levator ani muscles,also play a critical role.Additionally,a favourable response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been associated with improved suitability for sphincter preservation.Several biomarkers,such as inflammatory markers like interleukins and C-reactive protein,as well as tumor markers like carcinoembryonic antigen,are important.Molecular markers,including BRAF and KRAS mutations and microsatellite instability status,have been linked to prognosis and may further guide decision-making regarding sphincter-preserving approaches.Artificial intelligence(AI)can further add in to select an ideal patient for sphincter preservation.CONCLUSION SPS is feasible in low rectal cancer and depends on patient factors,tumor anatomy and biology,preoperative treatment response,and biomarkers.In addition,tools and technology including AI can further help in selecting an ideal patient for long term optimal outcome.展开更多
Introduction: Common low-back pain is a frequent reason for consultation and a genuine public health problem. Preserving quality of life remains one of the main challenges. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life o...Introduction: Common low-back pain is a frequent reason for consultation and a genuine public health problem. Preserving quality of life remains one of the main challenges. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with low back pain seen in rheumatology consultations at Brazzaville University Hospital. Patients and Method: Cross-sectional, analytical study with control group, conducted at the Brazzaville University Hospital, from January 2 to September 30, 2023. Patients over 30 years of age, seen for documented common low-back pain, were included. Study variables were epidemiological, clinical and functional. The EIFEL and SF-36 scores were used to assess functional impact and quality of life, respectively. Results: We included 96 people divided into two groups: 48 patients with low back pain and 48 controls. The frequency of common low-back pain was 12.8%. The mean age of patients with low back pain was 59.14 ± 11.86 years. Women predominated (sex ratio 0.3). Degenerative disc disease was the main etiology. Common low-back pain had a moderate impact on functional abilities, with a mean EIFEL score of 11 +/− 5.51. Quality of life was impaired in patients with low back pain (overall SF-36 at 43.95%) compared with the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P Conclusion: Common low back pain affects patients’ overall quality of life, particularly in terms of physical pain and limitations due to physical condition.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the phenotype and genotype of a family with X-linked recessive Lowe syndrome. METHODS: All the members in the Chinese pedigree underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic and systemic examinations. Geno...AIM: To investigate the phenotype and genotype of a family with X-linked recessive Lowe syndrome. METHODS: All the members in the Chinese pedigree underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic and systemic examinations. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of the pedigree members and 100 unrelated healthy Chinese subjects. Direct sequencing was performed to screen the exons and intron boundaries of OCRL.RESULTS: The ophthalmological and systemic exami nations suggested that the affected individual had Lowe syndrome. The phenotype in the pedigree is severe and consistent among all the affected individuals except for an individual who additionally suffered from congenital heart disease and laryngeal cartilage dysplasia. Directio nal San ger sequenci ng identified a complex mutation c.(2368_2368delG;c.2370A>C) in the Rho-GTPase activating protein domain. This complex mutation causes termination of protein synthesis at amino acid 824 and result in a new peptide with 823 amino acids (p.Ala790ProfsX34). This mutation was not detected in 100 unrelated healthy Chinese subjects.CONCLUSION: Our findings expand the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of Lowe syndrome.展开更多
Lowe氏眼、脑、肾综合症(Oculo—cerebro—renal syndrome of Lowe)首先由Lowe氏于1952年所报道。由于患者尿液明显的生化所见是该综合症特点之一,故一般把它分属于肾小管转运功能障碍的遗传性代谢疾病。在Lowe原始文献中载有对三名患...Lowe氏眼、脑、肾综合症(Oculo—cerebro—renal syndrome of Lowe)首先由Lowe氏于1952年所报道。由于患者尿液明显的生化所见是该综合症特点之一,故一般把它分属于肾小管转运功能障碍的遗传性代谢疾病。在Lowe原始文献中载有对三名患儿尿液全面检查的资料;但由于当时的生化分析技术有限和检测仪器贫乏,对于尿中像氨基酸和蛋白质这样含量微少、种类复杂的物质的分析结果是不够精确的。在以后的一些国外报道中。展开更多
In situ measurements of the vertical structure of ozone were made in Changchun （43.53°N, 125.13°E）, China, by the Institute of Atmosphere Physics, in the summers of 2010-13. Analysis of the 89 validated oz...In situ measurements of the vertical structure of ozone were made in Changchun （43.53°N, 125.13°E）, China, by the Institute of Atmosphere Physics, in the summers of 2010-13. Analysis of the 89 validated ozone profiles shows the vari- ation of ozone concentration in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere （UTLS） caused by cut-off lows （COLs） over Changchun. During the COL events, an increase of the ozone concentration and a lower height of the tropopause are observed. Backward simulations with a trajectory model show that the ozone-rich airmass brought by the COL is from Siberia. A case study proves that stratosphere-troposphere exchange （STE） occurs in the COL. The ozone-rich air mass transported from the stratosphere to the troposphere first becomes unstable, then loses its high ozone concentration. This process usually happens during the decay stage of COLs. In order to understand the influence of COLs on the ozone in the UTLS, statistical analysis of the ozone profiles within COLs, and other profiles, are employed. The results indicate that the ozone concentrations of the in-COL profiles are significantly higher than those of the other profiles between ±4 km around the tropopause. The COLs induce an increase in UTLS column ozone by 32% on average. Meanwhile, the COLs depress the lapse-rate tropopause （LRT）/dynamical tropopause height by 1.4/1.7 km and cause the atmosphere above the tropopause to be less stable. The influence of COLs is durable because the increased ozone concentration lasts at least one day after the COL has passed over Changchun. Furthermore, the relative coefficient between LRT height and lower stratosphere （LS） column ozone is -0.62, which implies a positive correlation between COL strength and LS ozone concentration.展开更多
Despite the absence of regional cap rocks in the Lower Paleozoic for the entire Tazhong Low Rise,several sets of effective local cap rocks are well preserved on the Northern Slope.Of these the best is the Ordovician m...Despite the absence of regional cap rocks in the Lower Paleozoic for the entire Tazhong Low Rise,several sets of effective local cap rocks are well preserved on the Northern Slope.Of these the best is the Ordovician mudstone of the Sangtamu Formation; the second is the Silurian Red Mudstone Member of the Tatairtag Formation and the marl of the Ordovician Lianglitag Formation; and the third is the gray mudstone of the Silurian Kepingtag Formation.The dense limestone of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation and the gypsum of the Middle Cambrian have shown initial sealing capacity.These effective cap rocks are closely related to the distribution of Lower Palaeozoic hydrocarbons in the Tazhong Low Rise.With well-preserved Sangtamu Formation mudstone and its location close to migration pathways,rich Lower Paleozoic hydrocarbon accumulation can be found on the Northem Slope.Vertically,most of the reserves are distributed below the Sangtamu Formation mudstone; areally,hydrocarbons are mainly found in the areas with well-developed Sangtamu Formation mudstone and Lianglitag Formation marl.Burial history and hydrocarbon charging history show that the evolution of Lower Palaeozoic cap rocks controlled the accumulation of hydrocarbon in the Tazhong Low Rise.Take the Red Mudstone Member of the Tatairtag Formation and Sangtamu Formation mudstone for examples：1） In the hydrocarbon charging time of the Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian,with top surfaces at burial depths of over 1,100 m,the cap rocks were able to seal oil and gas; 2） During the intense uplifting of the Devonian,the cap rocks with top surfaces at burial depths of 200-800 m and 500-1,100 m respectively were denuded in local areas,thus hydrocarbons trapped in earlier time were degraded to widespread bitumen; 3） In the hydrocarbon charging time of the Late Hercynian and Himalayan,the top surfaces of the cap rocks were at burial depths of over 2,000 m without intense uplifting and denudation thereafter,so trapped hydrocarbons were preserved.Based on cap rocks,the Ordovician Penglaiba Formation and Lower Cambrian dolomite could be potential targets for exploration on the Tazhong Northern Slope,and combined with hydrocarbon migration,less risk would be involved.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the ophthalmic and anesthesiologic management of cataract surgery in children with Lowe syndrome receiving lens removal, the development and management of secondary glaucoma.METHODS: This retrospectiv...AIM: To evaluate the ophthalmic and anesthesiologic management of cataract surgery in children with Lowe syndrome receiving lens removal, the development and management of secondary glaucoma.METHODS: This retrospective case series included 12 eyes of 6 children with genetically verified Lowe syndrome receiving cataract removal. Information regarding the type and duration of surgery and total anesthesia time were recorded. Additionally, intra-and postoperative complications were noted as well as clinical examinations such as visual acuity and funduscopy. RESULTS: All children received simultaneous bilateral cataract surgery at the mean age of 8.98±3.58 wk. Lensectomy combined with posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy was performed in all children. The mean time for cataract surgery per eye was 35.83±8.86 min, whereas the total time of surgery was 153.33±22.11 min. The mean extubation time and duration at recovery room was 42.33±22.60 min and 130.00±64.37 min, respectively. During surgery, a decrease of oxygen saturation below 93% was found in only one child. During the postoperative followup, nystagmus(6 children) and strabismus(5 children) was commonly found in contrast to no case of visual axis opacification. Secondary glaucoma developed in five eyes of three children, which was treated with topical eye drops in only one child. A trabeculectomy was performed in both eyes of one child, whereas removal of syechia and an iridectomy in one eye of one child. CONCLUSION: Bilateral simultaneous cataract surgery under general anesthesia is a safe surgical procedure in Lowe syndrome children. The glaucoma screening with intraocular pressure measurements is crucial in the postoperative management of Lowe syndrome patients to avoid additional visual impairment.展开更多
Background:?To clarify the pudendal motor (PMN) and sensory (PSN) nerves?play in preventing fecal incontinence (FI) after low anterior resection (LAR) for lower rectal cancer, the PMN and PSN functions were studied. M...Background:?To clarify the pudendal motor (PMN) and sensory (PSN) nerves?play in preventing fecal incontinence (FI) after low anterior resection (LAR) for lower rectal cancer, the PMN and PSN functions were studied. Methods:?Sixty patients were divided into groups A (n = 20, FI) and B (n = 40, continence). These were compared with group C (n = 30, control subjects). PMN latency (PMNL) (right, left, and posterior sides of the anal canal) was studied by sacral magnetic stimulation. Anal mucosal electric sensitivity (AMES) was measured at the lower, dentate line (DL), and upper zones. Results:?The distance of anastomosis from anal verge (DAAV) in group A was significantly shorter than in group B (p?value p?value p?value p?value Conclusion:?FI after LAR with a short DAAV?may?lead to?external anal sphincter dysfunction due to damage of both PMN and PSN.展开更多
Considering the high filling ratios,high densities,and narrow absorbing bandwidths of the current electromagnetic wave(EMW) absorbers,in this work,we successfully synthesized a 3 D hierarchical NiCo_(2) O_(4) nanoflow...Considering the high filling ratios,high densities,and narrow absorbing bandwidths of the current electromagnetic wave(EMW) absorbers,in this work,we successfully synthesized a 3 D hierarchical NiCo_(2) O_(4) nanoflowers/reduced graphene oxide(NiCo_(2) O_(4)/RGO) composite foam by a simple method under gentle condition.The NiCo_(2) O_(4) nanoflowers and unique 3 D foam structure are beneficial to the refraction and scattering of EMW,which endows the prepared 3 D foam with highly efficient EMW absorption performance.When the ratio between NiCo_(2) O_(4) and RGO in the foam is 1:1,5% mass fraction of NiCo_(2) O_(4/)RGO foam in paraffin wax can reach a minimum reflection loss(RL_(min)) value of-52.2 dB with a thin thickness merely 2.6 mm.Simultaneously,the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB,RL exceeding-10 dB) is7.04 GHz that covers the whole Ku band(10.96-18 GHz).Moreover,the effects of the thickness of the absorber and the loading ratios of the foam in paraffin wax matrix on the EMW absorption properties are also carefully investigated.The results indicate that the optimum EMW absorption performance of NiCo_(2) O_(4/)RGO can be tuned in different bands.The EMW absorption mechanism is ascribed to the proper impedance matching and larger dielectric and magnetic loss produced by the synergy of NiCo_(2) O_(4) and RGO.Therefore,the NiCo_(2) O_(4/)RGO hybrid foam is ideal candidate to be used as high-efficient EMW absorbers with low filling ratio,light weight,and broad frequency bandwidths.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Low rectal cancer poses a significant surgical challenge because of its close proximity to the anal sphincter,often requiring radical resection with permanent colostomy to achieve oncological safety.Revisited rectal anatomy,advances in surgical techniques and neoadjuvant therapies have enabled the possibility of sphincter-preserving procedures,however,it is uniformly not applicable.Selecting appropriate candidates for sphincter preservation is crucial,as an illadvised approach may compromise oncological outcome or lead to poor functional outcomes.Currently there is no consensus-which clinical,anatomical,or molecular factors most accurately predict the feasibility of sphincter-preserving surgery(SPS)in this subset of patients.By identifying these predictors,the study seeks to support improved patient selection,enhance surgical planning,and ultimately contribute to better functional and oncological outcomes in patients with low rectal cancer.AIM To identify predictive factors that determine the feasibility of SPS in patients with low rectal cancer.METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE databases.The search focused on various factors influencing the feasibility of SPS in low rectal cancer.These included patient-related factors,anatomical considerations,findings from different imaging modalities,advancements in diagnostic tools and techniques,and the role of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.The relevance of each factor in predicting the potential for sphincter preservation was critically analyzed and presented based on the current evidence RESULTS Multiple studies have identified a range of predictive factors influencing the feasibility of SPS in low rectal cancer.Patient-related factors include age,sex,preoperative continence status,comorbidities,and body mass index.Anatomical considerations,such as tumor distance from the anal verge,involvement of the external anal sphincter,and levator ani muscles,also play a critical role.Additionally,a favourable response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been associated with improved suitability for sphincter preservation.Several biomarkers,such as inflammatory markers like interleukins and C-reactive protein,as well as tumor markers like carcinoembryonic antigen,are important.Molecular markers,including BRAF and KRAS mutations and microsatellite instability status,have been linked to prognosis and may further guide decision-making regarding sphincter-preserving approaches.Artificial intelligence(AI)can further add in to select an ideal patient for sphincter preservation.CONCLUSION SPS is feasible in low rectal cancer and depends on patient factors,tumor anatomy and biology,preoperative treatment response,and biomarkers.In addition,tools and technology including AI can further help in selecting an ideal patient for long term optimal outcome.
文摘Introduction: Common low-back pain is a frequent reason for consultation and a genuine public health problem. Preserving quality of life remains one of the main challenges. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with low back pain seen in rheumatology consultations at Brazzaville University Hospital. Patients and Method: Cross-sectional, analytical study with control group, conducted at the Brazzaville University Hospital, from January 2 to September 30, 2023. Patients over 30 years of age, seen for documented common low-back pain, were included. Study variables were epidemiological, clinical and functional. The EIFEL and SF-36 scores were used to assess functional impact and quality of life, respectively. Results: We included 96 people divided into two groups: 48 patients with low back pain and 48 controls. The frequency of common low-back pain was 12.8%. The mean age of patients with low back pain was 59.14 ± 11.86 years. Women predominated (sex ratio 0.3). Degenerative disc disease was the main etiology. Common low-back pain had a moderate impact on functional abilities, with a mean EIFEL score of 11 +/− 5.51. Quality of life was impaired in patients with low back pain (overall SF-36 at 43.95%) compared with the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P Conclusion: Common low back pain affects patients’ overall quality of life, particularly in terms of physical pain and limitations due to physical condition.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81700812)the Ph.D.Start-up Fund of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2017A030310214)the Guangdong Provincial Foundation for Medical Scientific Research(No.A2017016)
文摘AIM: To investigate the phenotype and genotype of a family with X-linked recessive Lowe syndrome. METHODS: All the members in the Chinese pedigree underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic and systemic examinations. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of the pedigree members and 100 unrelated healthy Chinese subjects. Direct sequencing was performed to screen the exons and intron boundaries of OCRL.RESULTS: The ophthalmological and systemic exami nations suggested that the affected individual had Lowe syndrome. The phenotype in the pedigree is severe and consistent among all the affected individuals except for an individual who additionally suffered from congenital heart disease and laryngeal cartilage dysplasia. Directio nal San ger sequenci ng identified a complex mutation c.(2368_2368delG;c.2370A>C) in the Rho-GTPase activating protein domain. This complex mutation causes termination of protein synthesis at amino acid 824 and result in a new peptide with 823 amino acids (p.Ala790ProfsX34). This mutation was not detected in 100 unrelated healthy Chinese subjects.CONCLUSION: Our findings expand the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of Lowe syndrome.
文摘Lowe氏眼、脑、肾综合症(Oculo—cerebro—renal syndrome of Lowe)首先由Lowe氏于1952年所报道。由于患者尿液明显的生化所见是该综合症特点之一,故一般把它分属于肾小管转运功能障碍的遗传性代谢疾病。在Lowe原始文献中载有对三名患儿尿液全面检查的资料;但由于当时的生化分析技术有限和检测仪器贫乏,对于尿中像氨基酸和蛋白质这样含量微少、种类复杂的物质的分析结果是不够精确的。在以后的一些国外报道中。
基金jointly supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2010CB428602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.41275046 and 41025017)
文摘In situ measurements of the vertical structure of ozone were made in Changchun （43.53°N, 125.13°E）, China, by the Institute of Atmosphere Physics, in the summers of 2010-13. Analysis of the 89 validated ozone profiles shows the vari- ation of ozone concentration in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere （UTLS） caused by cut-off lows （COLs） over Changchun. During the COL events, an increase of the ozone concentration and a lower height of the tropopause are observed. Backward simulations with a trajectory model show that the ozone-rich airmass brought by the COL is from Siberia. A case study proves that stratosphere-troposphere exchange （STE） occurs in the COL. The ozone-rich air mass transported from the stratosphere to the troposphere first becomes unstable, then loses its high ozone concentration. This process usually happens during the decay stage of COLs. In order to understand the influence of COLs on the ozone in the UTLS, statistical analysis of the ozone profiles within COLs, and other profiles, are employed. The results indicate that the ozone concentrations of the in-COL profiles are significantly higher than those of the other profiles between ±4 km around the tropopause. The COLs induce an increase in UTLS column ozone by 32% on average. Meanwhile, the COLs depress the lapse-rate tropopause （LRT）/dynamical tropopause height by 1.4/1.7 km and cause the atmosphere above the tropopause to be less stable. The influence of COLs is durable because the increased ozone concentration lasts at least one day after the COL has passed over Changchun. Furthermore, the relative coefficient between LRT height and lower stratosphere （LS） column ozone is -0.62, which implies a positive correlation between COL strength and LS ozone concentration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41072102)National Key Basic Research Development Plan("973"Project,No.2005CB422108)National Major Projects(Nos.2008ZX05004-004,2011ZX05005-001)
文摘Despite the absence of regional cap rocks in the Lower Paleozoic for the entire Tazhong Low Rise,several sets of effective local cap rocks are well preserved on the Northern Slope.Of these the best is the Ordovician mudstone of the Sangtamu Formation; the second is the Silurian Red Mudstone Member of the Tatairtag Formation and the marl of the Ordovician Lianglitag Formation; and the third is the gray mudstone of the Silurian Kepingtag Formation.The dense limestone of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation and the gypsum of the Middle Cambrian have shown initial sealing capacity.These effective cap rocks are closely related to the distribution of Lower Palaeozoic hydrocarbons in the Tazhong Low Rise.With well-preserved Sangtamu Formation mudstone and its location close to migration pathways,rich Lower Paleozoic hydrocarbon accumulation can be found on the Northem Slope.Vertically,most of the reserves are distributed below the Sangtamu Formation mudstone; areally,hydrocarbons are mainly found in the areas with well-developed Sangtamu Formation mudstone and Lianglitag Formation marl.Burial history and hydrocarbon charging history show that the evolution of Lower Palaeozoic cap rocks controlled the accumulation of hydrocarbon in the Tazhong Low Rise.Take the Red Mudstone Member of the Tatairtag Formation and Sangtamu Formation mudstone for examples：1） In the hydrocarbon charging time of the Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian,with top surfaces at burial depths of over 1,100 m,the cap rocks were able to seal oil and gas; 2） During the intense uplifting of the Devonian,the cap rocks with top surfaces at burial depths of 200-800 m and 500-1,100 m respectively were denuded in local areas,thus hydrocarbons trapped in earlier time were degraded to widespread bitumen; 3） In the hydrocarbon charging time of the Late Hercynian and Himalayan,the top surfaces of the cap rocks were at burial depths of over 2,000 m without intense uplifting and denudation thereafter,so trapped hydrocarbons were preserved.Based on cap rocks,the Ordovician Penglaiba Formation and Lower Cambrian dolomite could be potential targets for exploration on the Tazhong Northern Slope,and combined with hydrocarbon migration,less risk would be involved.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the ophthalmic and anesthesiologic management of cataract surgery in children with Lowe syndrome receiving lens removal, the development and management of secondary glaucoma.METHODS: This retrospective case series included 12 eyes of 6 children with genetically verified Lowe syndrome receiving cataract removal. Information regarding the type and duration of surgery and total anesthesia time were recorded. Additionally, intra-and postoperative complications were noted as well as clinical examinations such as visual acuity and funduscopy. RESULTS: All children received simultaneous bilateral cataract surgery at the mean age of 8.98±3.58 wk. Lensectomy combined with posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy was performed in all children. The mean time for cataract surgery per eye was 35.83±8.86 min, whereas the total time of surgery was 153.33±22.11 min. The mean extubation time and duration at recovery room was 42.33±22.60 min and 130.00±64.37 min, respectively. During surgery, a decrease of oxygen saturation below 93% was found in only one child. During the postoperative followup, nystagmus(6 children) and strabismus(5 children) was commonly found in contrast to no case of visual axis opacification. Secondary glaucoma developed in five eyes of three children, which was treated with topical eye drops in only one child. A trabeculectomy was performed in both eyes of one child, whereas removal of syechia and an iridectomy in one eye of one child. CONCLUSION: Bilateral simultaneous cataract surgery under general anesthesia is a safe surgical procedure in Lowe syndrome children. The glaucoma screening with intraocular pressure measurements is crucial in the postoperative management of Lowe syndrome patients to avoid additional visual impairment.
文摘Background:?To clarify the pudendal motor (PMN) and sensory (PSN) nerves?play in preventing fecal incontinence (FI) after low anterior resection (LAR) for lower rectal cancer, the PMN and PSN functions were studied. Methods:?Sixty patients were divided into groups A (n = 20, FI) and B (n = 40, continence). These were compared with group C (n = 30, control subjects). PMN latency (PMNL) (right, left, and posterior sides of the anal canal) was studied by sacral magnetic stimulation. Anal mucosal electric sensitivity (AMES) was measured at the lower, dentate line (DL), and upper zones. Results:?The distance of anastomosis from anal verge (DAAV) in group A was significantly shorter than in group B (p?value p?value p?value p?value Conclusion:?FI after LAR with a short DAAV?may?lead to?external anal sphincter dysfunction due to damage of both PMN and PSN.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 202065001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51572249)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation Joint Fund (No. U1806223)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Coatings (GZ-19-0004)。
文摘Considering the high filling ratios,high densities,and narrow absorbing bandwidths of the current electromagnetic wave(EMW) absorbers,in this work,we successfully synthesized a 3 D hierarchical NiCo_(2) O_(4) nanoflowers/reduced graphene oxide(NiCo_(2) O_(4)/RGO) composite foam by a simple method under gentle condition.The NiCo_(2) O_(4) nanoflowers and unique 3 D foam structure are beneficial to the refraction and scattering of EMW,which endows the prepared 3 D foam with highly efficient EMW absorption performance.When the ratio between NiCo_(2) O_(4) and RGO in the foam is 1:1,5% mass fraction of NiCo_(2) O_(4/)RGO foam in paraffin wax can reach a minimum reflection loss(RL_(min)) value of-52.2 dB with a thin thickness merely 2.6 mm.Simultaneously,the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB,RL exceeding-10 dB) is7.04 GHz that covers the whole Ku band(10.96-18 GHz).Moreover,the effects of the thickness of the absorber and the loading ratios of the foam in paraffin wax matrix on the EMW absorption properties are also carefully investigated.The results indicate that the optimum EMW absorption performance of NiCo_(2) O_(4/)RGO can be tuned in different bands.The EMW absorption mechanism is ascribed to the proper impedance matching and larger dielectric and magnetic loss produced by the synergy of NiCo_(2) O_(4) and RGO.Therefore,the NiCo_(2) O_(4/)RGO hybrid foam is ideal candidate to be used as high-efficient EMW absorbers with low filling ratio,light weight,and broad frequency bandwidths.
