Background: The low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is an exceptionally uncommon sarcoma that primarily manifests in the extremities or trunk of young adults, presenting as painless lesions. The histological feature...Background: The low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is an exceptionally uncommon sarcoma that primarily manifests in the extremities or trunk of young adults, presenting as painless lesions. The histological features of this tumor are benign, but it exhibits an exceptionally high rate of late recurrence and a significant potential for metastasis. Imaging examinations serve as a crucial method for detecting LGFMS, while the definitive diagnosis relies on histopathological assessment. Currently, the primary treatment modality for this neoplasm is surgical resection. Early aggressive surgery with negative margins is a critical factor in mitigating the risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis. The present study presented a case of LGFMS located in the right thigh. The patient underwent a mass resection procedure following an MRI examination. During the telephone follow-up one year post-surgery, despite the absence of an imaging review, the surgical site demonstrated satisfactory recovery with no reported abnormal symptoms. Case Presentation: The patient, a 31-year-old male, presented to our hospital for evaluation of an asymptomatic mass in his right thigh that was incidentally discovered 13 years ago. The MRI showed a well-defined mass measuring 8.2 cm × 6.8 cm × 9.6 cm in the right thigh. The tumor signals exhibit a mixed pattern, characterized by predominantly isointense and hypointense signals on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), a central area of hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and peripheral circular enhancement observed on contrast-enhanced scans. The patient underwent surgical resection. Microscopically, the mass was composed of intricately interwoven fibrous matrix and a distinct mucoid region. The tumor cells exhibited a distinctive arrangement in a swirling or wheel-like pattern, with minimal variation in their karyotypic characteristics. The immunohistochemical examination revealed diffuse and intense MUC4 positivity in the tumor cells. The diagnosis of LGFMS was confirmed by post-operative histopathological examination. Conclusions: The LGFMS is an exceptionally uncommon mesenchymal tumor renowned for its benign histological manifestations and malignant behavior. It is crucial to provide a comprehensive summary of the research findings and thoroughly review the existing literature pertaining to this rare disease.展开更多
Myofibroblastic sarcoma, composed primarily of myofibroblast, is a rare malignant tumor. Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma （LGMS） has been defined properly as a distinct entity in the 2002 WHO classification of soft...Myofibroblastic sarcoma, composed primarily of myofibroblast, is a rare malignant tumor. Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma （LGMS） has been defined properly as a distinct entity in the 2002 WHO classification of soft tissue tumors. Primary sarcoma of the chest wall is also a rare disease. This article describes a case of locally recurrent LGMS of the chest wall.展开更多
Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma （LGMS） is a rare, malignant tumor with myofibroblastic differentiation. Despite it being classified as a distinct entity by the World Health Organization, a few cases were reported ...Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma （LGMS） is a rare, malignant tumor with myofibroblastic differentiation. Despite it being classified as a distinct entity by the World Health Organization, a few cases were reported in the oral and maxillofacial region. Here, a LGMS developed on the palate of a 73-year-old man who presented with a 1-cm tumor on the posterior border of the palate. Based on the histological and immunohistochemical features, a diagnosis of LGMS was established. The tumor was resected, and no recurrence was observed over 2 years. Although the tongue is the most preferred site for LGMS, it may occur in any region of the oral cavity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LGESS)classically exhibits a proliferative morphology.However,morphological variation of extrauterine tumors presents a diagnostic challenge.CASE SUMMARY We report the ...BACKGROUND Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LGESS)classically exhibits a proliferative morphology.However,morphological variation of extrauterine tumors presents a diagnostic challenge.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 76-year-old female patient with extensive extrauterine and abdominal neoplastic lesions.Computed tomography showed massive pleural and ascitic fluid,and there was an increase in serum cancer antigen 125.She underwent bilateral adnexectomy and tumor resection.The right ovary had been replaced by a multinodular mass that was 8.5 cm×4.5 cm×3.5 cm in size.In addition,there was a 24 cm×15 cm×13 cm mesenteric mass,which was also multinodular,with local invasion of the intestinal serosa and underlying muscle.Under the microscope,the tumors in different places exhibited two different patterns,thus presenting great challenges to diagnosis and treatment.Thorough pathological assessment eliminated all differential diagnoses in favor of metastatic LGESS derived from a 20-year-old primary tumor initially misdiagnosed as leiomyosarcoma.CONCLUSION LGESS morphology varies according to tumor location.Accurate diagnosis is critical for appropriate treatment and improved prognosis and patient care.展开更多
BACKGROUND The discrepancy between endoscopic biopsy pathology and the overall pathology of gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)presents challenges in developing diagnostic and treatment protocols.AIM To ...BACKGROUND The discrepancy between endoscopic biopsy pathology and the overall pathology of gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)presents challenges in developing diagnostic and treatment protocols.AIM To develop a risk prediction model for the pathological upgrading of gastric LGIN to aid clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from patients newly diagnosed with gastric LGIN who underwent complete endoscopic resection within 6 months at the First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital between January 2008 and December 2023.A risk prediction model for the pathological progression of gastric LGIN was constructed and evaluated for accuracy and clinical applicability.RESULTS A total of 171 patients were included in this study:93 patients with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or early gastric cancer and 78 with LGIN.The logistic stepwise regression model demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 0.868 and 0.800,respectively,while the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression model showed sensitivity and specificity values of 0.842 and 0.840,respectively.The area under the curve(AUC)for the logistic model was 0.896,slightly lower than the AUC of 0.904 for the LASSO model.Internal validation with 30%of the data yielded AUC scores of 0.908 for the logistic model and 0.905 for the LASSO model.The LASSO model provided greater utility in clinical decision-making.CONCLUSION A risk prediction model for the pathological upgrading of gastric LGIN based on white-light and magnifying endoscopic features can accurately and effectively guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Metastatic low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LG-ESS) with sex cord-like and smooth muscle-like differentiation is rare. This article reports such a case with multiple recurrences and with extensive pelv...BACKGROUND Metastatic low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LG-ESS) with sex cord-like and smooth muscle-like differentiation is rare. This article reports such a case with multiple recurrences and with extensive pelvic and abdominal metastasis.CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old female patient was diagnosed with multiple cystic masses in the pelvic cavity by magnetic resonance imaging examination. Based on the postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the surgical specimen, she was diagnosed with a metastatic low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with sex cord and smooth muscle differentiation.CONCLUSION LG-ESS is a low-grade malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and metastasis probability. It is easily misdiagnosed initially. It is essential to distinguish LG-ESS with sex cord-like differentiation from uterine tumour resembling ovarian sex cord tumour.展开更多
A 49-year-old woman, who had undergone hysterectomy for low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) 3 years ago, presented with a 2-wk history of lower abdominal pain. Barium enema and sigmoidoscopy disclosed a polypo...A 49-year-old woman, who had undergone hysterectomy for low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) 3 years ago, presented with a 2-wk history of lower abdominal pain. Barium enema and sigmoidoscopy disclosed a polypoid submucosal tumor. Histopathologic features of biopsy specimens from the lesion were similar to those of the resected uterine ESS. Under the diagnosis of metastatic ESS of the sigmoid colon, sigmoidectomy was performed. Microscopic examination demonstrated dense proliferation of spindle cells with little nuclear atypia, which were sometimes arranged in whorled pattern around abundant arterioles. Mitotic count is below 1 in 10 highpower fields. Immunohi-stochemically, the neoplastic cells were strongly positive for vimentin, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor but negative for α-smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein and CD34. Thus, a final diagnosis of low-grade ESS metastasis to the sigmoid colon was made.Her postoperative course was uneventful and hormonal therapy with progestational agents is entertained.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LGESS)is a rare indolent tumor with a favorable prognosis.With the importance of improving quality of life recognized,fertility-sparing surgery may be an option for tho...BACKGROUND Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LGESS)is a rare indolent tumor with a favorable prognosis.With the importance of improving quality of life recognized,fertility-sparing surgery may be an option for those young women.However,most of the reports suggested that stage IA patients might be candidates for fertility-sparing surgery,and adjuvant hormonal treatment was considered a feasible adjuvant therapy for reducing the recurrence risk of patients with LGESS and hysterectomy was recommended after the completion of pregnancy and delivery.CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old pregnant woman diagnosed with stage IB LGESS was treated by fertility-sparing surgery when term cesarean section delivery was performed.Without any adjuvant treatment,she had the other successful term pregnancy and cesarean section 45 mo after first fertility-sparing surgery.Moreover,only hysteroscopic resection was performed to retain fertility again even when the tumor recurred after 6 years.So far the patient’s fertility and disease-free status have remained for more than 8 years without any adjuvant therapy despite local resection of the sarcoma.And the two babies were in good health.CONCLUSION For young patients with stage I LGESS,it seems that repeated fertility-sparing surgeries could be performed even after two term deliveries and the tumor recurrence,and it might be attempted without adjuvant therapy but the counseling should be considered as mandatory.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma(LGFMS)is a rare and benign mesenchymal tumor with indolent course,most commonly found in young or middle-aged men.The majority of the LGFMSs are located in the trunk and deep s...BACKGROUND Low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma(LGFMS)is a rare and benign mesenchymal tumor with indolent course,most commonly found in young or middle-aged men.The majority of the LGFMSs are located in the trunk and deep soft tissue of the lower extremities.They appear as well circumscribed,although not encapsulated,which often leads to incomplete surgical resection.Despite their seemingly benign appearance,these tumors have aggressive behavior with high metastatic and recurrence rates.Accurate histopathologic examination of the specimen and its immunohistochemical analysis are mandatory for a precise diagnosis.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 38 year-old-man who presented with jaundice and upper abdominal discomfort.Multi-detector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a large left liver tumor mass,extending to the hepatoduodenal ligament.Left hepatectomy was performed with resection and reconstruction of hepatic artery and preservation of middle hepatic vein.Histopathologic examination confirmed the tumor being a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma.Three and a half years after surgery,the patient died after being diagnosed with spine metastasis.CONCLUSION Due to poor response to all modalities of adjuvant treatment,we consider that the focus of treatment should be on surgery as the only option for curing the disease.展开更多
Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma is a recently characterized tumor showing features of myofibroblastic differen-tiation that is part of the spectrum of malignant mesenchymal tumors. This extremely rare type of tumor ...Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma is a recently characterized tumor showing features of myofibroblastic differen-tiation that is part of the spectrum of malignant mesenchymal tumors. This extremely rare type of tumor occurs most commonly in superficial locations. The case we describe herein is that of a 60- year-old man with two large hepatic masses. The patient＇s tumor was removed radically through an incision due to the inconclusive imaging findings. Follow-up computed tomography showed no recurrence and metastasis after 37 months, suggesting that enucleation was adequate for tumor eradication. To our knowl-edge, this is the first reported case of low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma in the liver in the English language literature.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is a rare spindle cell sarcoma espe-cially in the pancreas,with myofibroblastic differentiation.Hitherto,only a few cases have been reported.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we rep...BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is a rare spindle cell sarcoma espe-cially in the pancreas,with myofibroblastic differentiation.Hitherto,only a few cases have been reported.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report a case involving the discovery of a pancreatic mass detected during a routine physical examination.Subsequent imaging and pathological tests of the patient led to the diagnosis of LGMS of the pancreas.Following surgical intervention,the patient experienced recurrence and metastasis.Conventional treatment is not effective for postoperative recurrent pancreatic LGMS with multiple metastases.After communicating with the patients and their families,informed consent was obtained for the treatment of anlotinib combined with pembrolizumab.Evaluation of imaging and clinical symptoms post-treatment revealed a relatively favorable response to the combination of anlotinib and pembrolizumab.CONCLUSION Based on the comprehensive literature review,our report aimed to provide evidence for a better understanding of the disease characteristics,diagnostic criteria,imaging findings,and identification of LGMS.And explore novel treatment strategies for this disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is an extremely rare tumor characterized by the malignant proliferation of myofibroblasts.LGMS most commonly develops in adults,predominantly in males,in the head and ...BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is an extremely rare tumor characterized by the malignant proliferation of myofibroblasts.LGMS most commonly develops in adults,predominantly in males,in the head and neck region,oral cavity,especially on the tongue,mandible,and larynx.This article presents 2 cases of LGMS localized to the maxillary sinus and provides an overview of the available literature.CASE SUMMARY Two patients with LGMS located in the maxillary sinus underwent surgery at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery.Case 1:A 46-year-old patient was admitted to the clinic with suspected LGMS recurrence in the right maxillary sinus(rT4aN0M0),with symptoms of pain in the suborbital area,watering of the right eye,thick discharge from the right nostril,and augmented facial asymmetry.After open biopsy-confirmed LGMS,the patient underwent expanded maxillectomy of the right side with immediate palate reconstruction using a microvascular skin flap harvested surgically from the middle arm.The patient qualified for adjuvant radiotherapy for the postoperative bed,with an additional margin.Currently,the patient is under 1.5 years of observation with no evidence of disease.Case 2:A 45-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with facial asymmetry,strabismus,exophthalmos,and visual impairment in the right eye.Six months earlier,the patient had undergone partial jaw resection at another hospital for fibromatosis.A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed a tumor mass in the postoperative log after an earlier procedure.An open biopsy confirmed lowgrade fibrosarcoma(rT4aN0M0).The patient qualified for an extended total right maxillectomy with orbital excision and right hemimandibulectomy with immediate microvascular reconstruction using an anterolateral thigh flap.The patient subsequently underwent adjuvant radiotherapy to the postoperative area.After 9 months,recurrence occurred in the right mandibular arch below the irradiated area.The lesion infiltrated the base of the skull,which warranted the withdrawal of radiotherapy and salvage surgery.The patient qualified for palliative chemotherapy with a regimen of doxorubicin+dacarbazine+cyclophosphamide and palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases.The patient died 26 months after surgical treatment.The cases have been assessed and compared with cases in the literature.CONCLUSION No specific diagnostic criteria or treatment strategies have been developed for LGMS.The treatment used for LGMS is the same as that used for sinonasal cancer radical tumor excision;adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy should also be considered.They have low malignant potential but are highly invasive,tend to recur,and metastasize to distant sites.Patients should undergo regular follow-up examinations to detect recurrence or metastasis at an early stage.Patients should be treated and observed at the highest referral centers.展开更多
Bioleaching is confronted with problems,such as low efficiency,long production cycle length,and vegetation destruction.In order to solve problems above,fly ash and low-grade copper sulfide ores were used to investigat...Bioleaching is confronted with problems,such as low efficiency,long production cycle length,and vegetation destruction.In order to solve problems above,fly ash and low-grade copper sulfide ores were used to investigate bioleaching behaviors and bacterial community succession.Results showed that copper recovery,bacterial concentration,total proportion of main leaching bacteria including Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,Acidibacillus ferrooxidans,and Leptospirillum ferriphilum,were improved through using appropriate dosage of fly ash.The maximum copper recovery of 79.87%and bacterial concentration of 7.08×10^(7)cells·mL^(-1)were obtained after us-ing 0.8 g·L^(-1)fly ash.Exclusive precipitation including Zn(Fe_(3)(SO_(4))_(2)(OH)_(6))_(2)and Mg(Fe_(3)(SO_(4))_(2)(OH)_(6))_(2)was found in sample added 0.8 g·L^(-1)fly ash,which reduced the effect of hazardous ions on bacteria and thus contributing to bacterial proliferation.Bacterial com-munity structure was differentiated,which indicated difference between original inoculation and sample used 0.8 g·L^(-1)fly ash was less than others.Total proportion of the three microorganism above accounted for more than 95%in all tests,especially in sample with 0.8 g·L^(-1)fly ash up to 99.81%.Cl^(-)and Ag^(+)contained in fly ash can act as catalytic agent,which contributed to conversion from smooth and dense passivation layer to sparse and scattered one,and therefore improving contact between ores,lixiviant,and bacteria.Using appropri-ate dosage of fly ash showed prospects in bioleaching.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms are papillary or flat mucinous tumors with low-grade cytologic atypia.They are the most frequent source of pseudomyxoma peritonei.They can be easily misdiagnosed,due...BACKGROUND Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms are papillary or flat mucinous tumors with low-grade cytologic atypia.They are the most frequent source of pseudomyxoma peritonei.They can be easily misdiagnosed,due to unspecific symptoms,with acute appendicitis,retroperitoneal tumors or adnexal mass.Cases of huge appendiceal mucinous neoplasms are even more extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY We report a 54-year-old patient who presented with a 10-month history of constant dull distension accompanied by nausea.A surgical procedure of total hysterectomy,bilateral adnexectomy,appendectomy,greater omentectomy and right hemicolectomy was performed as a result of the findings on ultrasound,computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging.Diagnosis was made after the pathological examination,which revealed low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm.The patient received hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with cisplatin and was discharged from the hospital.CONCLUSION Low-grade appendiceal mucinous adenomas are rare tumors that are easily misdiagnosed,and a more thorough clinical workup is required to make a defi-nitive diagnosis.展开更多
Renewable energy storage technologies are critical for transitioning to sustainable energy systems,with salt caverns playing a significant role in large-scale solutions.In water-soluble mining of low-grade salt format...Renewable energy storage technologies are critical for transitioning to sustainable energy systems,with salt caverns playing a significant role in large-scale solutions.In water-soluble mining of low-grade salt formations,insoluble impurities and interlayers detach during salt dissolution and accumulate as sediment at the cavern base,thereby reducing the storage capacity and economic viability of salt cavern gas storage(SCGS).This study investigates sediment formation mechanisms,void distribution,and voidage in the Huai'an low-grade salt mine,introducing a novel self-developed physical simulation device for two butted-well horizontal(TWH)caverns that replicates compressed air injection and brine discharge.Experiments comparing“one injection and one discharge”and“two injections and one discharge”modes revealed that(1)compressed air effectively displaces brine from sediment voids,(2)a 0.5 MPa injection pressure corresponds to a 10.3 MPa operational lower limit in practice,aligning with field data,and(3)sediment voidage is approximately 46%,validated via air-brine interface theory.The“two injections and one discharge”mode outperformed in both discharge volume and rate.Additionally,a mathematical model for brine displacement via compressed air was established.These results provide foundational insights for optimizing compressed air energy storage(CAES)in low-grade salt mines,advancing their role in renewable energy integration.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms(LAMNs)are a class of histolo-gically well-differentiated adenomas that can proliferate outside the appendix in the form of malignant tumours,resulting in the accumul...BACKGROUND Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms(LAMNs)are a class of histolo-gically well-differentiated adenomas that can proliferate outside the appendix in the form of malignant tumours,resulting in the accumulation of external appen-diceal mucus.They may present as an extra-appendiceal mass-like bulge,mucus or polypoid tissue at the appendiceal orifice,or even with abdominal dissem-ination.The surgical approach is usually appendectomy,ileocecal resection or right hemicolectomy.It is essential to raise awareness of LAMNs and choose an appropriate treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old man underwent a routine physical examination at our hospital on May 17,2022.The patient had no symptoms of abdominal pain,bloating,or weight loss,and his tumour marker levels were normal.The faecal occult blood test was negative,and no abnormalities were identified on physical examination.Colonoscopy revealed a submucosal protrusion at the appendiceal orifice.During endoscopic ultrasound,uneven echoes were observed in the appendix cavity.A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a nodular thickening at the base of the appendix,with a diameter of approximately 1 cm.When all the examination results were considered,we suspected the lesion to be an appendiceal mucinous tumour.Laparoscopic surgery was performed using the double purse-string suture method.Postoperative pathology suggested a low-grade mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix with no involvement of the margins.A repeat colonoscopy 18 months after surgery revealed no significant abnormality at the appendiceal orifice.A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen suggested only postoperative changes.CONCLUSION This study describes a case of LAMN that was treated by resecting the mass at the appendiceal orifice via the double purse-string suture technique and provides new insights on the diagnosis and treatment of LAMNs.展开更多
Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a slowly growing soft tissue neoplasm, mostly affecting young individuals. It usually arises in a deep soft tissue of the lower limbs and trunk, but few cases of low-grade fibromyxoid ...Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a slowly growing soft tissue neoplasm, mostly affecting young individuals. It usually arises in a deep soft tissue of the lower limbs and trunk, but few cases of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma that presents sciatic nerve pain have been reported. We report a 34-year-old woman with a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma originating in the left gluteal region that initially presented as sciatic nerve pain;she had experienced this type of pain for 5 years before visiting our hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the left gluteal region. After needle biopsy revealed it to be a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, we performed the wide resection. Intra-operative findings revealed no tumor invasion into the sciatic nerve. No recurrence or metastasis has been detected 6 months post-surgery. Oncologists who encounter patients with sciatic nerve pain should consider the possibility of less common causes such as the low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma found in our patient.展开更多
BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is a rare malignant tumor.It has no specific clinical manifestations and commonly occurs in the head and neck,extremities and other body parts,with the liver not as it...BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is a rare malignant tumor.It has no specific clinical manifestations and commonly occurs in the head and neck,extremities and other body parts,with the liver not as its predisposing site.CASE SUMMARY We report a case report of a 58-year-old man with right upper abdominal pain for 11 d.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT),CE magnetic resonance imaging and CE ultrasound(US)all showed a cystic-solid mass in the right liver.As the initial clinical diagnosis was hepatic cystadenoma,surgical resection was performed,and the postoperative pathology indicated hepatic LGMS.The 3-mo follow-up showed favorable recovery of the patient.However,at 7-mo follow-up,two-dimensional US and CECT showed a suspected metastatic lesion in the rightmiddle abdomen.CONCLUSION Hepatic MS is particularly rare and easily misdiagnosed,more cases will contribute to the understanding and the diagnosis accuracy.展开更多
A 47-year-old woman, who had undergone cardiac myxoma removal surgery six years ago, was readmitted due to a 2-week history of chest distress, and dyspnea with the change of body position. Both the examinations and th...A 47-year-old woman, who had undergone cardiac myxoma removal surgery six years ago, was readmitted due to a 2-week history of chest distress, and dyspnea with the change of body position. Both the examinations and the surgery confirmed a cardiac tumor relapse. Histology demonstrated that the mass resected in surgery had a pathologic change from myxoma to a low-grade malignant myofibroblastic sarcoma. The patient received heart transplantation 2 years later due to tumor recurrence, and finally died of cerebral hemorrhage.展开更多
The oxidation process of low-grade vanadium slag in the presence of Na2CO3 was investigated by XRD,SEM/EDS and TG-DSC techniques.The results show that the vanadium slag is oxidized in a temperature range from 273 to 7...The oxidation process of low-grade vanadium slag in the presence of Na2CO3 was investigated by XRD,SEM/EDS and TG-DSC techniques.The results show that the vanadium slag is oxidized in a temperature range from 273 to 700 °C.Olivine phases and spinel phases are completely decomposed at 500 and 600 °C,respectively.Most of water-soluble sodium vanadates are formed between 500 and 600 °C.When roasting temperature reaches above 700 °C,the vanadium-rich phases of sodium vanadates can be obviously observed.However,at temperature above 800 °C,the samples are sintered.Most of the vanadium is enwrapped by glassy phase compounds which lead to the decrease of the leaching rate of vanadium.At the same time,the effect of roasting temperature on extraction of vanadium and characterization of leach residues were discussed.展开更多
文摘Background: The low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is an exceptionally uncommon sarcoma that primarily manifests in the extremities or trunk of young adults, presenting as painless lesions. The histological features of this tumor are benign, but it exhibits an exceptionally high rate of late recurrence and a significant potential for metastasis. Imaging examinations serve as a crucial method for detecting LGFMS, while the definitive diagnosis relies on histopathological assessment. Currently, the primary treatment modality for this neoplasm is surgical resection. Early aggressive surgery with negative margins is a critical factor in mitigating the risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis. The present study presented a case of LGFMS located in the right thigh. The patient underwent a mass resection procedure following an MRI examination. During the telephone follow-up one year post-surgery, despite the absence of an imaging review, the surgical site demonstrated satisfactory recovery with no reported abnormal symptoms. Case Presentation: The patient, a 31-year-old male, presented to our hospital for evaluation of an asymptomatic mass in his right thigh that was incidentally discovered 13 years ago. The MRI showed a well-defined mass measuring 8.2 cm × 6.8 cm × 9.6 cm in the right thigh. The tumor signals exhibit a mixed pattern, characterized by predominantly isointense and hypointense signals on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), a central area of hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and peripheral circular enhancement observed on contrast-enhanced scans. The patient underwent surgical resection. Microscopically, the mass was composed of intricately interwoven fibrous matrix and a distinct mucoid region. The tumor cells exhibited a distinctive arrangement in a swirling or wheel-like pattern, with minimal variation in their karyotypic characteristics. The immunohistochemical examination revealed diffuse and intense MUC4 positivity in the tumor cells. The diagnosis of LGFMS was confirmed by post-operative histopathological examination. Conclusions: The LGFMS is an exceptionally uncommon mesenchymal tumor renowned for its benign histological manifestations and malignant behavior. It is crucial to provide a comprehensive summary of the research findings and thoroughly review the existing literature pertaining to this rare disease.
文摘Myofibroblastic sarcoma, composed primarily of myofibroblast, is a rare malignant tumor. Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma （LGMS） has been defined properly as a distinct entity in the 2002 WHO classification of soft tissue tumors. Primary sarcoma of the chest wall is also a rare disease. This article describes a case of locally recurrent LGMS of the chest wall.
文摘Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma （LGMS） is a rare, malignant tumor with myofibroblastic differentiation. Despite it being classified as a distinct entity by the World Health Organization, a few cases were reported in the oral and maxillofacial region. Here, a LGMS developed on the palate of a 73-year-old man who presented with a 1-cm tumor on the posterior border of the palate. Based on the histological and immunohistochemical features, a diagnosis of LGMS was established. The tumor was resected, and no recurrence was observed over 2 years. Although the tongue is the most preferred site for LGMS, it may occur in any region of the oral cavity.
文摘BACKGROUND Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LGESS)classically exhibits a proliferative morphology.However,morphological variation of extrauterine tumors presents a diagnostic challenge.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 76-year-old female patient with extensive extrauterine and abdominal neoplastic lesions.Computed tomography showed massive pleural and ascitic fluid,and there was an increase in serum cancer antigen 125.She underwent bilateral adnexectomy and tumor resection.The right ovary had been replaced by a multinodular mass that was 8.5 cm×4.5 cm×3.5 cm in size.In addition,there was a 24 cm×15 cm×13 cm mesenteric mass,which was also multinodular,with local invasion of the intestinal serosa and underlying muscle.Under the microscope,the tumors in different places exhibited two different patterns,thus presenting great challenges to diagnosis and treatment.Thorough pathological assessment eliminated all differential diagnoses in favor of metastatic LGESS derived from a 20-year-old primary tumor initially misdiagnosed as leiomyosarcoma.CONCLUSION LGESS morphology varies according to tumor location.Accurate diagnosis is critical for appropriate treatment and improved prognosis and patient care.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2022YFC2503600。
文摘BACKGROUND The discrepancy between endoscopic biopsy pathology and the overall pathology of gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)presents challenges in developing diagnostic and treatment protocols.AIM To develop a risk prediction model for the pathological upgrading of gastric LGIN to aid clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from patients newly diagnosed with gastric LGIN who underwent complete endoscopic resection within 6 months at the First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital between January 2008 and December 2023.A risk prediction model for the pathological progression of gastric LGIN was constructed and evaluated for accuracy and clinical applicability.RESULTS A total of 171 patients were included in this study:93 patients with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or early gastric cancer and 78 with LGIN.The logistic stepwise regression model demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 0.868 and 0.800,respectively,while the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression model showed sensitivity and specificity values of 0.842 and 0.840,respectively.The area under the curve(AUC)for the logistic model was 0.896,slightly lower than the AUC of 0.904 for the LASSO model.Internal validation with 30%of the data yielded AUC scores of 0.908 for the logistic model and 0.905 for the LASSO model.The LASSO model provided greater utility in clinical decision-making.CONCLUSION A risk prediction model for the pathological upgrading of gastric LGIN based on white-light and magnifying endoscopic features can accurately and effectively guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND Metastatic low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LG-ESS) with sex cord-like and smooth muscle-like differentiation is rare. This article reports such a case with multiple recurrences and with extensive pelvic and abdominal metastasis.CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old female patient was diagnosed with multiple cystic masses in the pelvic cavity by magnetic resonance imaging examination. Based on the postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical analyses of the surgical specimen, she was diagnosed with a metastatic low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with sex cord and smooth muscle differentiation.CONCLUSION LG-ESS is a low-grade malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and metastasis probability. It is easily misdiagnosed initially. It is essential to distinguish LG-ESS with sex cord-like differentiation from uterine tumour resembling ovarian sex cord tumour.
文摘A 49-year-old woman, who had undergone hysterectomy for low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) 3 years ago, presented with a 2-wk history of lower abdominal pain. Barium enema and sigmoidoscopy disclosed a polypoid submucosal tumor. Histopathologic features of biopsy specimens from the lesion were similar to those of the resected uterine ESS. Under the diagnosis of metastatic ESS of the sigmoid colon, sigmoidectomy was performed. Microscopic examination demonstrated dense proliferation of spindle cells with little nuclear atypia, which were sometimes arranged in whorled pattern around abundant arterioles. Mitotic count is below 1 in 10 highpower fields. Immunohi-stochemically, the neoplastic cells were strongly positive for vimentin, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor but negative for α-smooth muscle actin, S-100 protein and CD34. Thus, a final diagnosis of low-grade ESS metastasis to the sigmoid colon was made.Her postoperative course was uneventful and hormonal therapy with progestational agents is entertained.
基金Supported by Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China,No.2018KF003.
文摘BACKGROUND Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma(LGESS)is a rare indolent tumor with a favorable prognosis.With the importance of improving quality of life recognized,fertility-sparing surgery may be an option for those young women.However,most of the reports suggested that stage IA patients might be candidates for fertility-sparing surgery,and adjuvant hormonal treatment was considered a feasible adjuvant therapy for reducing the recurrence risk of patients with LGESS and hysterectomy was recommended after the completion of pregnancy and delivery.CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old pregnant woman diagnosed with stage IB LGESS was treated by fertility-sparing surgery when term cesarean section delivery was performed.Without any adjuvant treatment,she had the other successful term pregnancy and cesarean section 45 mo after first fertility-sparing surgery.Moreover,only hysteroscopic resection was performed to retain fertility again even when the tumor recurred after 6 years.So far the patient’s fertility and disease-free status have remained for more than 8 years without any adjuvant therapy despite local resection of the sarcoma.And the two babies were in good health.CONCLUSION For young patients with stage I LGESS,it seems that repeated fertility-sparing surgeries could be performed even after two term deliveries and the tumor recurrence,and it might be attempted without adjuvant therapy but the counseling should be considered as mandatory.
文摘BACKGROUND Low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma(LGFMS)is a rare and benign mesenchymal tumor with indolent course,most commonly found in young or middle-aged men.The majority of the LGFMSs are located in the trunk and deep soft tissue of the lower extremities.They appear as well circumscribed,although not encapsulated,which often leads to incomplete surgical resection.Despite their seemingly benign appearance,these tumors have aggressive behavior with high metastatic and recurrence rates.Accurate histopathologic examination of the specimen and its immunohistochemical analysis are mandatory for a precise diagnosis.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 38 year-old-man who presented with jaundice and upper abdominal discomfort.Multi-detector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a large left liver tumor mass,extending to the hepatoduodenal ligament.Left hepatectomy was performed with resection and reconstruction of hepatic artery and preservation of middle hepatic vein.Histopathologic examination confirmed the tumor being a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma.Three and a half years after surgery,the patient died after being diagnosed with spine metastasis.CONCLUSION Due to poor response to all modalities of adjuvant treatment,we consider that the focus of treatment should be on surgery as the only option for curing the disease.
文摘Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma is a recently characterized tumor showing features of myofibroblastic differen-tiation that is part of the spectrum of malignant mesenchymal tumors. This extremely rare type of tumor occurs most commonly in superficial locations. The case we describe herein is that of a 60- year-old man with two large hepatic masses. The patient＇s tumor was removed radically through an incision due to the inconclusive imaging findings. Follow-up computed tomography showed no recurrence and metastasis after 37 months, suggesting that enucleation was adequate for tumor eradication. To our knowl-edge, this is the first reported case of low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma in the liver in the English language literature.
文摘BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is a rare spindle cell sarcoma espe-cially in the pancreas,with myofibroblastic differentiation.Hitherto,only a few cases have been reported.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report a case involving the discovery of a pancreatic mass detected during a routine physical examination.Subsequent imaging and pathological tests of the patient led to the diagnosis of LGMS of the pancreas.Following surgical intervention,the patient experienced recurrence and metastasis.Conventional treatment is not effective for postoperative recurrent pancreatic LGMS with multiple metastases.After communicating with the patients and their families,informed consent was obtained for the treatment of anlotinib combined with pembrolizumab.Evaluation of imaging and clinical symptoms post-treatment revealed a relatively favorable response to the combination of anlotinib and pembrolizumab.CONCLUSION Based on the comprehensive literature review,our report aimed to provide evidence for a better understanding of the disease characteristics,diagnostic criteria,imaging findings,and identification of LGMS.And explore novel treatment strategies for this disease.
文摘BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is an extremely rare tumor characterized by the malignant proliferation of myofibroblasts.LGMS most commonly develops in adults,predominantly in males,in the head and neck region,oral cavity,especially on the tongue,mandible,and larynx.This article presents 2 cases of LGMS localized to the maxillary sinus and provides an overview of the available literature.CASE SUMMARY Two patients with LGMS located in the maxillary sinus underwent surgery at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery.Case 1:A 46-year-old patient was admitted to the clinic with suspected LGMS recurrence in the right maxillary sinus(rT4aN0M0),with symptoms of pain in the suborbital area,watering of the right eye,thick discharge from the right nostril,and augmented facial asymmetry.After open biopsy-confirmed LGMS,the patient underwent expanded maxillectomy of the right side with immediate palate reconstruction using a microvascular skin flap harvested surgically from the middle arm.The patient qualified for adjuvant radiotherapy for the postoperative bed,with an additional margin.Currently,the patient is under 1.5 years of observation with no evidence of disease.Case 2:A 45-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with facial asymmetry,strabismus,exophthalmos,and visual impairment in the right eye.Six months earlier,the patient had undergone partial jaw resection at another hospital for fibromatosis.A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed a tumor mass in the postoperative log after an earlier procedure.An open biopsy confirmed lowgrade fibrosarcoma(rT4aN0M0).The patient qualified for an extended total right maxillectomy with orbital excision and right hemimandibulectomy with immediate microvascular reconstruction using an anterolateral thigh flap.The patient subsequently underwent adjuvant radiotherapy to the postoperative area.After 9 months,recurrence occurred in the right mandibular arch below the irradiated area.The lesion infiltrated the base of the skull,which warranted the withdrawal of radiotherapy and salvage surgery.The patient qualified for palliative chemotherapy with a regimen of doxorubicin+dacarbazine+cyclophosphamide and palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases.The patient died 26 months after surgical treatment.The cases have been assessed and compared with cases in the literature.CONCLUSION No specific diagnostic criteria or treatment strategies have been developed for LGMS.The treatment used for LGMS is the same as that used for sinonasal cancer radical tumor excision;adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy should also be considered.They have low malignant potential but are highly invasive,tend to recur,and metastasize to distant sites.Patients should undergo regular follow-up examinations to detect recurrence or metastasis at an early stage.Patients should be treated and observed at the highest referral centers.
基金supported by China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20230041)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M750186)+1 种基金the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52034001)Open Foundation of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control(No.HB202303).
文摘Bioleaching is confronted with problems,such as low efficiency,long production cycle length,and vegetation destruction.In order to solve problems above,fly ash and low-grade copper sulfide ores were used to investigate bioleaching behaviors and bacterial community succession.Results showed that copper recovery,bacterial concentration,total proportion of main leaching bacteria including Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,Acidibacillus ferrooxidans,and Leptospirillum ferriphilum,were improved through using appropriate dosage of fly ash.The maximum copper recovery of 79.87%and bacterial concentration of 7.08×10^(7)cells·mL^(-1)were obtained after us-ing 0.8 g·L^(-1)fly ash.Exclusive precipitation including Zn(Fe_(3)(SO_(4))_(2)(OH)_(6))_(2)and Mg(Fe_(3)(SO_(4))_(2)(OH)_(6))_(2)was found in sample added 0.8 g·L^(-1)fly ash,which reduced the effect of hazardous ions on bacteria and thus contributing to bacterial proliferation.Bacterial com-munity structure was differentiated,which indicated difference between original inoculation and sample used 0.8 g·L^(-1)fly ash was less than others.Total proportion of the three microorganism above accounted for more than 95%in all tests,especially in sample with 0.8 g·L^(-1)fly ash up to 99.81%.Cl^(-)and Ag^(+)contained in fly ash can act as catalytic agent,which contributed to conversion from smooth and dense passivation layer to sparse and scattered one,and therefore improving contact between ores,lixiviant,and bacteria.Using appropri-ate dosage of fly ash showed prospects in bioleaching.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82204123.
文摘BACKGROUND Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms are papillary or flat mucinous tumors with low-grade cytologic atypia.They are the most frequent source of pseudomyxoma peritonei.They can be easily misdiagnosed,due to unspecific symptoms,with acute appendicitis,retroperitoneal tumors or adnexal mass.Cases of huge appendiceal mucinous neoplasms are even more extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY We report a 54-year-old patient who presented with a 10-month history of constant dull distension accompanied by nausea.A surgical procedure of total hysterectomy,bilateral adnexectomy,appendectomy,greater omentectomy and right hemicolectomy was performed as a result of the findings on ultrasound,computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging.Diagnosis was made after the pathological examination,which revealed low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm.The patient received hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with cisplatin and was discharged from the hospital.CONCLUSION Low-grade appendiceal mucinous adenomas are rare tumors that are easily misdiagnosed,and a more thorough clinical workup is required to make a defi-nitive diagnosis.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB4007100)the Basic ForwardLooking Project of the Sinopec Science and Technology Department,“Research on the Long-Term Sealing Mechanism of Multi-layer Salt Cavern Hydrogen Storage”(No.P24197-4)。
文摘Renewable energy storage technologies are critical for transitioning to sustainable energy systems,with salt caverns playing a significant role in large-scale solutions.In water-soluble mining of low-grade salt formations,insoluble impurities and interlayers detach during salt dissolution and accumulate as sediment at the cavern base,thereby reducing the storage capacity and economic viability of salt cavern gas storage(SCGS).This study investigates sediment formation mechanisms,void distribution,and voidage in the Huai'an low-grade salt mine,introducing a novel self-developed physical simulation device for two butted-well horizontal(TWH)caverns that replicates compressed air injection and brine discharge.Experiments comparing“one injection and one discharge”and“two injections and one discharge”modes revealed that(1)compressed air effectively displaces brine from sediment voids,(2)a 0.5 MPa injection pressure corresponds to a 10.3 MPa operational lower limit in practice,aligning with field data,and(3)sediment voidage is approximately 46%,validated via air-brine interface theory.The“two injections and one discharge”mode outperformed in both discharge volume and rate.Additionally,a mathematical model for brine displacement via compressed air was established.These results provide foundational insights for optimizing compressed air energy storage(CAES)in low-grade salt mines,advancing their role in renewable energy integration.
基金Supported by Jinhua City Science and Technology Plan Projects“Improve the Polarization of Cancer-related Fatigue:Clinical Efficacy Study”,No.2018-4-049.
文摘BACKGROUND Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms(LAMNs)are a class of histolo-gically well-differentiated adenomas that can proliferate outside the appendix in the form of malignant tumours,resulting in the accumulation of external appen-diceal mucus.They may present as an extra-appendiceal mass-like bulge,mucus or polypoid tissue at the appendiceal orifice,or even with abdominal dissem-ination.The surgical approach is usually appendectomy,ileocecal resection or right hemicolectomy.It is essential to raise awareness of LAMNs and choose an appropriate treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old man underwent a routine physical examination at our hospital on May 17,2022.The patient had no symptoms of abdominal pain,bloating,or weight loss,and his tumour marker levels were normal.The faecal occult blood test was negative,and no abnormalities were identified on physical examination.Colonoscopy revealed a submucosal protrusion at the appendiceal orifice.During endoscopic ultrasound,uneven echoes were observed in the appendix cavity.A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a nodular thickening at the base of the appendix,with a diameter of approximately 1 cm.When all the examination results were considered,we suspected the lesion to be an appendiceal mucinous tumour.Laparoscopic surgery was performed using the double purse-string suture method.Postoperative pathology suggested a low-grade mucinous cystadenoma of the appendix with no involvement of the margins.A repeat colonoscopy 18 months after surgery revealed no significant abnormality at the appendiceal orifice.A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen suggested only postoperative changes.CONCLUSION This study describes a case of LAMN that was treated by resecting the mass at the appendiceal orifice via the double purse-string suture technique and provides new insights on the diagnosis and treatment of LAMNs.
文摘Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a slowly growing soft tissue neoplasm, mostly affecting young individuals. It usually arises in a deep soft tissue of the lower limbs and trunk, but few cases of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma that presents sciatic nerve pain have been reported. We report a 34-year-old woman with a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma originating in the left gluteal region that initially presented as sciatic nerve pain;she had experienced this type of pain for 5 years before visiting our hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the left gluteal region. After needle biopsy revealed it to be a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, we performed the wide resection. Intra-operative findings revealed no tumor invasion into the sciatic nerve. No recurrence or metastasis has been detected 6 months post-surgery. Oncologists who encounter patients with sciatic nerve pain should consider the possibility of less common causes such as the low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma found in our patient.
文摘BACKGROUND Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma(LGMS)is a rare malignant tumor.It has no specific clinical manifestations and commonly occurs in the head and neck,extremities and other body parts,with the liver not as its predisposing site.CASE SUMMARY We report a case report of a 58-year-old man with right upper abdominal pain for 11 d.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT),CE magnetic resonance imaging and CE ultrasound(US)all showed a cystic-solid mass in the right liver.As the initial clinical diagnosis was hepatic cystadenoma,surgical resection was performed,and the postoperative pathology indicated hepatic LGMS.The 3-mo follow-up showed favorable recovery of the patient.However,at 7-mo follow-up,two-dimensional US and CECT showed a suspected metastatic lesion in the rightmiddle abdomen.CONCLUSION Hepatic MS is particularly rare and easily misdiagnosed,more cases will contribute to the understanding and the diagnosis accuracy.
文摘A 47-year-old woman, who had undergone cardiac myxoma removal surgery six years ago, was readmitted due to a 2-week history of chest distress, and dyspnea with the change of body position. Both the examinations and the surgery confirmed a cardiac tumor relapse. Histology demonstrated that the mass resected in surgery had a pathologic change from myxoma to a low-grade malignant myofibroblastic sarcoma. The patient received heart transplantation 2 years later due to tumor recurrence, and finally died of cerebral hemorrhage.
基金Project (2008AA031104) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China Project (2010063003) supported by the Sharing Fund of Large-scale Equipment of Chongqing University,China
文摘The oxidation process of low-grade vanadium slag in the presence of Na2CO3 was investigated by XRD,SEM/EDS and TG-DSC techniques.The results show that the vanadium slag is oxidized in a temperature range from 273 to 700 °C.Olivine phases and spinel phases are completely decomposed at 500 and 600 °C,respectively.Most of water-soluble sodium vanadates are formed between 500 and 600 °C.When roasting temperature reaches above 700 °C,the vanadium-rich phases of sodium vanadates can be obviously observed.However,at temperature above 800 °C,the samples are sintered.Most of the vanadium is enwrapped by glassy phase compounds which lead to the decrease of the leaching rate of vanadium.At the same time,the effect of roasting temperature on extraction of vanadium and characterization of leach residues were discussed.
