A wide passband frequency selective surface(FSS)is proposed using a five-layer stacked structure.The proposed structure applies four layers of dielectric plates and five layers of metal patches to provide a passband a...A wide passband frequency selective surface(FSS)is proposed using a five-layer stacked structure.The proposed structure applies four layers of dielectric plates and five layers of metal patches to provide a passband and exhibits more stable frequency responses and lower insertion loss under wide-angle oblique incidence compared with the typical three-layer metal-dielectric structure.According to the simulation results,the proposed FSS can achieve a passband range of 1.7-2.7 GHz with an insertion loss of less than 0.5 d B and a relative bandwidth of 44.1%,and it can preserve stable transmission characteristics with the incident angle ranging from 0°to 45°.展开更多
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)diagnosis and treatment are limited due to the insufficient availability of contrast agents that can detect tumors with high sensitivity and specificity.Nanocontrast agents can be...Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)diagnosis and treatment are limited due to the insufficient availability of contrast agents that can detect tumors with high sensitivity and specificity.Nanocontrast agents can be actively targeted toward the highly acidic tumor microenvironment to facilitate the detection of tumor cells during intraoperative imaging using an advanced imaging modality:multispectral optoacoustic tomography(MSOT).We developed IR780 dye encapsulated liposomes(Lipo-780)as a nanocontrast agent and actively targeted them using the pH low insertion peptide(pHLIP)V7(V7-lipo-780)toward the extremely acidic pH tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer.Tumor-specific uptake of liposomes were evaluated in vitro in aggressive metastatic pancreatic cancer cells(S2VP10,S2013)and in vivo in orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenograft murine model.Lipo-780(110 nm,polydispersity index(PDI)of 0.13)were conjugated with V7 peptide using SMCC NH2-maleimide linker and the conjugation was confirmed with zeta potential measurements.The uptake of V7-lipo-780 increased by 3.5-fold in comparison to Lipo-780 in S2013 cells(p<0.001),and by 2.4-fold(p<0.001)at pH 6.6 in S2VP10 cells.Propidium iodide encapsulated liposomes(Lipo-PI)with a size of 118 nm validated the internalization of liposomes.In S2VP10 cells,V7-lipo-PI demonstrated higher uptake with the mean red fluorescence of 5535 counts in comparison to 334 counts for Lipo-PI at pH 6.6(p<0.001).Biodistribution analysis indicated 40×higher tumor accumulation of V7-lipo-780 in comparison to the liver(p<0.001),and 4×higher tumor accumulation than the kidney(p<0.001)post 6 h of intravenous administration.Histological analysis of kidney,liver,and spleen confirmed the nontoxic nature of liposomes.Tumor-specific liposome accumulation and IR780 contrast agent release prevent off-target toxicity with maximum contrast signal at the tumor site,further expanding the potential of MSOT for clinical applications.展开更多
Next-generation communication systems require the mass deployment of ultra-small,high-performance filters that integrate multi-physical domains.However,achieving an optimal balance between miniaturization,low insertio...Next-generation communication systems require the mass deployment of ultra-small,high-performance filters that integrate multi-physical domains.However,achieving an optimal balance between miniaturization,low insertion loss,high selectivity,and low cost of millimeter-wave filters remains a challenge for existing technologies.Herein,we propose and demonstrate ultra-small millimeter-wave filters based on the multifunctional lithium niobate(LN)with outstanding nonlinear optical,electro-optic,piezoelectric,ferroelectric,and thermoelectric characteristics.As a high-K material with low dielectric loss and straightforward fabrication,LN provides an ideal platform for integrating photonic,acoustic,and electromagnetic functionalities.Notably,while LN is already proven for acoustic and optical signal processing,its potential for electromagnetic signal processing remains largely unexplored.In this work,we introduce second-order and fourth-order LN-based millimeter-wave bandpass filters(BPFs)tailored for narrowband and wideband millimeter-wave applications,respectively.Through careful optimization of the LN thickness,we elevate the cutoff frequencies of high-order modes,enhancing frequency selectivity while maintaining compactness.The LN-based BPFs exhibit record-breaking performance metrics,including minimal insertion loss,high selectivity,and compatibility with microfabrication processes.The LN-based BPFs fulfill the critical demands of millimeter-wave wireless communications,sensing,imaging,and emerging quantum information systems,paving the way for scalable,multi-physical integrated circuits.展开更多
基金supported by ZTE Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Funds under Grant No.IA20220800001。
文摘A wide passband frequency selective surface(FSS)is proposed using a five-layer stacked structure.The proposed structure applies four layers of dielectric plates and five layers of metal patches to provide a passband and exhibits more stable frequency responses and lower insertion loss under wide-angle oblique incidence compared with the typical three-layer metal-dielectric structure.According to the simulation results,the proposed FSS can achieve a passband range of 1.7-2.7 GHz with an insertion loss of less than 0.5 d B and a relative bandwidth of 44.1%,and it can preserve stable transmission characteristics with the incident angle ranging from 0°to 45°.
基金supported by the National Cancer Institute R01CA281098,R01EB034731,and U54CA118948.
文摘Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)diagnosis and treatment are limited due to the insufficient availability of contrast agents that can detect tumors with high sensitivity and specificity.Nanocontrast agents can be actively targeted toward the highly acidic tumor microenvironment to facilitate the detection of tumor cells during intraoperative imaging using an advanced imaging modality:multispectral optoacoustic tomography(MSOT).We developed IR780 dye encapsulated liposomes(Lipo-780)as a nanocontrast agent and actively targeted them using the pH low insertion peptide(pHLIP)V7(V7-lipo-780)toward the extremely acidic pH tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer.Tumor-specific uptake of liposomes were evaluated in vitro in aggressive metastatic pancreatic cancer cells(S2VP10,S2013)and in vivo in orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenograft murine model.Lipo-780(110 nm,polydispersity index(PDI)of 0.13)were conjugated with V7 peptide using SMCC NH2-maleimide linker and the conjugation was confirmed with zeta potential measurements.The uptake of V7-lipo-780 increased by 3.5-fold in comparison to Lipo-780 in S2013 cells(p<0.001),and by 2.4-fold(p<0.001)at pH 6.6 in S2VP10 cells.Propidium iodide encapsulated liposomes(Lipo-PI)with a size of 118 nm validated the internalization of liposomes.In S2VP10 cells,V7-lipo-PI demonstrated higher uptake with the mean red fluorescence of 5535 counts in comparison to 334 counts for Lipo-PI at pH 6.6(p<0.001).Biodistribution analysis indicated 40×higher tumor accumulation of V7-lipo-780 in comparison to the liver(p<0.001),and 4×higher tumor accumulation than the kidney(p<0.001)post 6 h of intravenous administration.Histological analysis of kidney,liver,and spleen confirmed the nontoxic nature of liposomes.Tumor-specific liposome accumulation and IR780 contrast agent release prevent off-target toxicity with maximum contrast signal at the tumor site,further expanding the potential of MSOT for clinical applications.
基金supported in part by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council under Grant 26202122in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62304193+2 种基金in part by the Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission under Grant ITS/144/23in part by Hong Kong RGC Strategic Topics Grant STG3/E-602/23 Nin part by HKUST Bridge Gap Fund under Grant BGF.030.2024.
文摘Next-generation communication systems require the mass deployment of ultra-small,high-performance filters that integrate multi-physical domains.However,achieving an optimal balance between miniaturization,low insertion loss,high selectivity,and low cost of millimeter-wave filters remains a challenge for existing technologies.Herein,we propose and demonstrate ultra-small millimeter-wave filters based on the multifunctional lithium niobate(LN)with outstanding nonlinear optical,electro-optic,piezoelectric,ferroelectric,and thermoelectric characteristics.As a high-K material with low dielectric loss and straightforward fabrication,LN provides an ideal platform for integrating photonic,acoustic,and electromagnetic functionalities.Notably,while LN is already proven for acoustic and optical signal processing,its potential for electromagnetic signal processing remains largely unexplored.In this work,we introduce second-order and fourth-order LN-based millimeter-wave bandpass filters(BPFs)tailored for narrowband and wideband millimeter-wave applications,respectively.Through careful optimization of the LN thickness,we elevate the cutoff frequencies of high-order modes,enhancing frequency selectivity while maintaining compactness.The LN-based BPFs exhibit record-breaking performance metrics,including minimal insertion loss,high selectivity,and compatibility with microfabrication processes.The LN-based BPFs fulfill the critical demands of millimeter-wave wireless communications,sensing,imaging,and emerging quantum information systems,paving the way for scalable,multi-physical integrated circuits.
