Founded in 1995,Qingdao Haijia Machinery Group Co.,Ltd(hereinafter refered to as Haijia)has become a global leader in shuttleless looms.With sales in 30 countries,Haijia has sold over 170,000 shuttleless looms worldwi...Founded in 1995,Qingdao Haijia Machinery Group Co.,Ltd(hereinafter refered to as Haijia)has become a global leader in shuttleless looms.With sales in 30 countries,Haijia has sold over 170,000 shuttleless looms worldwide,and has maintained a leading market share in water-jet looms for many consecutive years.The Group boasts three manufacturing plants and over ten marketing and service centers worldwide,employs nearly 600 people,and holds over 170 proprietary intellectual property rights.Haijia is a comprehensive enterprise integrating R&D,design,manufacturing,marketing,and after-sales service.展开更多
The looming stimulus-evoked flight response to approaching predators is a defensive behavior in most animals. However, how looming stimuli are detected in the retina and transmitted to the brain remains unclear. Here,...The looming stimulus-evoked flight response to approaching predators is a defensive behavior in most animals. However, how looming stimuli are detected in the retina and transmitted to the brain remains unclear. Here, we report that a group of GABAergic retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) projecting to the superior colliculus (SC) transmit looming signals from the retina to the brain, mediating the looming-evoked flight behavior by releasing GABA. GAD2-Cre and vGAT-Cre transgenic mice were used in combination with Cre-activated anterograde or retrograde tracer viruses to map the inputs to specific GABAergic RGC circuits. Optogenetic technology was used to assess the function of SC-projecting GABAergic RGCs (scpgRGCs) in the SC. FDIO-DTA (Flp-dependent Double-Floxed Inverted Open reading frame-Diphtheria toxin) combined with the FLP (Florfenicol, Lincomycin & Prednisolone) approach was used to ablate or silence scpgRGCs. In the mouse retina, GABAergic RGCs project to different brain areas, including the SC. ScpgRGCs are monosynaptically connected to parvalbumin-positive SC neurons known to be required for the looming-evoked flight response. Optogenetic activation of scpgRGCs triggers GABA-mediated inhibition in SC neurons. Ablation or silencing of scpgRGCs compromises looming-evoked flight responses without affecting image-forming functions. Our study reveals that scpgRGCs control the looming-evoked flight response by regulating SC neurons via GABA, providing novel insight into the regulation of innate defensive behaviors.展开更多
文摘Founded in 1995,Qingdao Haijia Machinery Group Co.,Ltd(hereinafter refered to as Haijia)has become a global leader in shuttleless looms.With sales in 30 countries,Haijia has sold over 170,000 shuttleless looms worldwide,and has maintained a leading market share in water-jet looms for many consecutive years.The Group boasts three manufacturing plants and over ten marketing and service centers worldwide,employs nearly 600 people,and holds over 170 proprietary intellectual property rights.Haijia is a comprehensive enterprise integrating R&D,design,manufacturing,marketing,and after-sales service.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFE0103400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81470628 and 82471086).
文摘The looming stimulus-evoked flight response to approaching predators is a defensive behavior in most animals. However, how looming stimuli are detected in the retina and transmitted to the brain remains unclear. Here, we report that a group of GABAergic retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) projecting to the superior colliculus (SC) transmit looming signals from the retina to the brain, mediating the looming-evoked flight behavior by releasing GABA. GAD2-Cre and vGAT-Cre transgenic mice were used in combination with Cre-activated anterograde or retrograde tracer viruses to map the inputs to specific GABAergic RGC circuits. Optogenetic technology was used to assess the function of SC-projecting GABAergic RGCs (scpgRGCs) in the SC. FDIO-DTA (Flp-dependent Double-Floxed Inverted Open reading frame-Diphtheria toxin) combined with the FLP (Florfenicol, Lincomycin & Prednisolone) approach was used to ablate or silence scpgRGCs. In the mouse retina, GABAergic RGCs project to different brain areas, including the SC. ScpgRGCs are monosynaptically connected to parvalbumin-positive SC neurons known to be required for the looming-evoked flight response. Optogenetic activation of scpgRGCs triggers GABA-mediated inhibition in SC neurons. Ablation or silencing of scpgRGCs compromises looming-evoked flight responses without affecting image-forming functions. Our study reveals that scpgRGCs control the looming-evoked flight response by regulating SC neurons via GABA, providing novel insight into the regulation of innate defensive behaviors.
