Objective:To assess the effects of turmeric extract and its compounds on oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptosis in acetaminophen-induced liver injury.Methods:HepG2 cells were administered with acetaminophen(40 mM...Objective:To assess the effects of turmeric extract and its compounds on oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptosis in acetaminophen-induced liver injury.Methods:HepG2 cells were administered with acetaminophen(40 mM)to induce hepatotoxicity,followed by treatment with turmeric extract and its isolated compounds including curcumin,demethoxycurcumin,bis-demethoxycurcumin and ar-turmerone at 5,25,and 125μg/mL.IL-1β,IL-6,and IL-10 levels were quantified with ELISA kits.Further,qRT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression of JNK,Casp-9,and Casp-3.Meanwhile,the levels of nitric oxide and lactate dehydrogenase were analyzed using colorimetric assay.Results:Acetaminophen administration caused an increase in the levels of lactate dehydrogenase,nitric oxide,IL-1β,IL-6,and the mRNA expression of JNK,Casp-9,and Casp-3 in HepG2 cells while reducing IL-10 levels.Treatment with turmeric extract,curcumin,demethoxycurcumin,bis-demethoxycurcumin,and ar-turmerone lowered IL-1β,IL-6,nitric oxide,and lactate dehydrogenase levels,downregulated the mRNA expression of JNK,Casp-9,and Casp-3,and increased IL-10 levels.Conclusions:Turmeric extract and its compounds have significant hepatoprotective activity and could be further explored for the treatment of liver damage.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective and immunotherapeutic effects of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome in CCl_4 intoxicated Swiss albino mice.Methods:first group of mice(n=5) received CCl_4 treatment at a dos...Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective and immunotherapeutic effects of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome in CCl_4 intoxicated Swiss albino mice.Methods:first group of mice(n=5) received CCl_4 treatment at a dose of 0.5 mL/kg bw(i.p.) for 7 days.Second group was fed orally the aqueous extract of turmeric at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw for IS days.The third group was given both the turmeric extract(for 15 days,orally) and CCl_4(for last 7 days,i.p.).The fourth group was kept as a control.To study the liver function,the transaminase enzymes(SGOT and SGPT) and bilirubin level were measured in the serum of respective groups.For assaying the immunotherapeutic action of Curcuma longa(C.longa),non specific host response parameters like morphological alteration,phagocytosis,nitric oxide release,myeloperoxidase release and intracellular killing capacity of peritoneal macrophages were studied from the respective groups.Results:The result of present study suggested that CCl_4 administration increased the level of SCOT and SGPT and bilirubin level in serum.However,the aqueous extract of turmeric reduced the level of SGOT, SCFT and bilirubin in CCl_4 intoxicated mice.Apart from damaging the liver system,CCl_4 also reduced non specific host response parameters like morphological alteration,phagocytosis, nitric oxide release,myeloperoxidase release and intracellular killing capacity of peritoneal macrophages.Administration of aqueous extract of C.longa offered significant protection from these damaging actions of CCl_4 on the non specific host response in the peritoneal macrophages of CCl_4 intoxicated mice.Conclusions:In conclusion,the present study suggests that C.longa has immunotherapeutic properties along with its ability to ameliorate hepatotoxicity.展开更多
Aim: To study the contraceptive effect of the crude extracts of Curcuma longa in male albino rats. Methods: Rats were fed orally with Curcuma longa aqueous and 70 % alcoholic extract for 60 days (500 mg·kg-1·...Aim: To study the contraceptive effect of the crude extracts of Curcuma longa in male albino rats. Methods: Rats were fed orally with Curcuma longa aqueous and 70 % alcoholic extract for 60 days (500 mg·kg-1· day-1). Results: A reduction in sperm motility and density was observed in both the treated groups. Conclusion: Curcuma longa may have affected the androgen synthesis either by inhibiting the Leydig cell function or the hypo-thalamus pituitary axis and as a result, spermatogenesis is arrested.展开更多
A novel method for analysis of three active components curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in Curcuma longa L. was developed by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection. Three curcuminoids were wel...A novel method for analysis of three active components curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in Curcuma longa L. was developed by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection. Three curcuminoids were well separated on a C18 column and detected with high sensitivity. A mobile phase containing acetonitrile and 10 mM Na2HPO4-H3PO4 （pH 5.0） （50：50, v/v） was used. Good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.208-41.6, 0.197-39.4, and 0.227-114μM for curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin respectively. The limit of detection reached up to 10 ？ 8 M, which was lower than that by UV detection. The relative standard deviations （RSDs） ranged from 1.06%to 1.88%for intra-day precision and from 4.30%to 5.79%for inter-day precision, respectively. The proposed method has been applied in real herb sample and recoveries ranging from 86.3%to 111%were obtained.展开更多
A new skeleton bisabolane-type sesquiterpene curcuminoid,bisabocurcumin（1）,along with 5 known compounds,curcumin（2）, demethoxycurcumin（3）,bidemethoxycurcumin（4）,（1E,4E）-1,5-bis（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）-p...A new skeleton bisabolane-type sesquiterpene curcuminoid,bisabocurcumin（1）,along with 5 known compounds,curcumin（2）, demethoxycurcumin（3）,bidemethoxycurcumin（4）,（1E,4E）-1,5-bis（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）-penta-1,4-dien-3-one（5）,and （1E,4E）-1-（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）-5-（4-hydroxy phenyl-）-penta-1,4-dien-3-one（6）were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.Bisabocurcumin（1） is firstly obtained from nature with a new skeleton combined by a bisabolane-type sesquiterpene and a 1,7-diphenylheptanoid through a C-C bond.展开更多
Metabolic syndrome(MS)involves people with the following risk factors:obesity,hypertension,high glucose level and hyperlipidemia.It can increase the risk of heart disease,stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The preval...Metabolic syndrome(MS)involves people with the following risk factors:obesity,hypertension,high glucose level and hyperlipidemia.It can increase the risk of heart disease,stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The prevalence of MS in the world’s adult population is about 20%–25%.Today,there is much care to use medicinal plants.Turmeric(Curcuma longa)as well as curcumin which is derived from the rhizome of the plant,has been shown beneficial effects on different components of MS.Thus,the purpose of this manuscript was to introduce different in vitro,in vivo and human studies regarding the effect of turmeric and its constituent on MS.Moreover,different mechanisms of action by which this plant overcomes MS have been introduced.Based on studies,turmeric and its bioactive component,curcumin,due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,have antidiabetic effects through increasing insulin release,antihyperlipidemic effects by increasing fatty acid uptake,anti-obesity effects by decreasing lipogenesis,and antihypertensive effects by increasing nitric oxide.According to several in vivo,in vitro and human studies,it can be concluded that turmeric or curcumin has important values as a complementary therapy in MS.However,more clinical trials should be done to confirm these effects.展开更多
Although both Astasia longa and Euglena gracilis belong to different genera, they share many morphological characters except that A. longa has no chloroplast. In the 1940’s, on the basis of the finding that in darkne...Although both Astasia longa and Euglena gracilis belong to different genera, they share many morphological characters except that A. longa has no chloroplast. In the 1940’s, on the basis of the finding that in darkness or upon addition of some chemicals, E. gracilis would fade reversibly or irreversibly, some scholars hypothesised that A. longa evolved from E. gracilis by losing chloroplast. The authors’ use of RAPD and cladistic analyses in a study on the evolutionary relationship between A .longa and E. gracilis showed that the A. longa ’s relationship with E. gracilis was closer than that with other green euglenoids. This proves the hypothesis that A. longa evolved from E. gracilis is reasonable. The results of this study suggest that saprophytic colorless euglenoids were transformed from green euglenoids by losing their choroplasts.展开更多
Background:The increasing incidence of chemically induced infertility is both a social threat and a threat to the continuation of life itself.Treatment or management therapy is often expensive.This study investigated ...Background:The increasing incidence of chemically induced infertility is both a social threat and a threat to the continuation of life itself.Treatment or management therapy is often expensive.This study investigated the effects of acetone extract of a local plant(Curcuma longa)in a Wistar rat model of cimetidine‐induced pituitarytesticular dysfunction.Methods:Thirty‐five male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats.After a phytochemical screening of an acetone extract of C.Longa,cimetidine and the extract at three doses,200,400 and 600 mg/kg,were orally co‐administered to the rats for 28 consecutive days.Comparisons were made(at P<0.05)against a control(2 mL/kg distilled water),a standard treatment group(cimetidine+50 mg/kg vitamin C),a toxic group(60 mg/kg cimetidine)and a group receiving extract alone.Results:Cimetidine administration was associated with deleterious alterations to sperm motility,sperm count and sperm viability,as well as derangements in the plasma levels of FSH,LH and testosterone(P<0.05).Both brain and testicular GSH and TBARS levels were significantly altered following cimetidine administration,and distortions were seen in the pituitary and testicular histoarchitecture.These changes were significantly normalized by co‐administration of graded doses of the extract,with an associated improvement of both pituitary and testicular histology.Conclusion:Acetone extract of C.Longa normalized cimetidine‐induced pituitarytesticular dysfunction in Wistar rats.This presents the extract as a potential nutraceutical choice against chemically induced reproductive toxicity.展开更多
Endophytes (both fungi and bacteria) represent a treasure house for bioactive compounds such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, insecticidal etc. for use in the pharmaceutical and agrochemica...Endophytes (both fungi and bacteria) represent a treasure house for bioactive compounds such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, insecticidal etc. for use in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Endophytic population is greatly influenced by climatic conditions and location where the host plant grows. Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family that is usually used as spice and preservative. Traditionally it is used to treat various conditions and symptoms such as digestive disorders, arthritis, cardiovascular conditions, cancer, bacterial infections etc. In recent times, there have been different discoveries on endophytic fungi and their biological activity from C. longa. But there is no comprehensive review on endophytic fungi of C. longa. The aim of this review is to analyze the published report based on the endophytic fungi to provide for the first time an updated information about their isolation from different tissues, their biological activities including the phytochemistry of C. longa. This will lead the way to forecast the missing link for future research work.展开更多
The reduced efficiency of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock, and the unavoidable residual effects on livestock products such as egg, meat and milk have pushed researchers to rush towards the use of phytobiotics...The reduced efficiency of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock, and the unavoidable residual effects on livestock products such as egg, meat and milk have pushed researchers to rush towards the use of phytobiotics in animal feed. This study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Dschang to evaluate the Effect of <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><i>Cucurma longa</i></span> powder as feed additive on hemato-serological parameters in Guinea pigs. A total of 120 three weeks old Guinea pigs (60 males and 60 females), with an average weight of 150 ± 20 g were used. The animals were randomly distributed into four treatments in a completely randomized design with 30 animals per treatment (15 males and 15 females). Four experimental treatments were used by adding 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% <i>C. longa</i> in the diet corresponding to R0, R0.25%, R0.5% and R1% respectively. At the 8th week of age, 12 Guinea pigs (6 males and 6 females) per treatment were fasted for 12 hours and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood was rapidly collected from the jugular vein for the evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters. Results revealed that the inclusion of <span style="white-space:normal;"><i></span>Curcuma longa<span style="white-space:normal;"></i></span> at 0.25% significantly (p < 0.05) increased the concentration of hematocrit, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) was observed in hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, serum lipids, globulin, AST, ALT, and urea. It was concluded that the use of <span style="white-space:normal;"><i></span>Curcuma longa<span style="white-space:normal;"></i></span> powder at 0.25% as feed additive positively regulates blood serum parameters of Guinea pigs.展开更多
Curcumin, which is traditionally known to have effects on various types of diseases in humans, is found in Curcuma longa L. Previous reports have indicated that the curcumin content varies between the different lines ...Curcumin, which is traditionally known to have effects on various types of diseases in humans, is found in Curcuma longa L. Previous reports have indicated that the curcumin content varies between the different lines of this species. To clarify the differences in the amounts of curcumin between the lines, we investigated the outcomes of cultivation ex-periments with the hybridization or introgression between C. longa and other Curcuma species using the matK gene of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and the external transcribed spacer (ETS) of nuclear DNA (nrDNA). The results show that there is heterogeneity of the ETS and incongruence between the matK and the ETS phylogenetic trees, suggesting that hybridization and introgression had taken place in the diversification of the various lines of C. longa. Moreover, al-though all of the lines had the same cpDNA haplotype of C. longa, the lines of homogeneous C. longa had a high con-tent of curcumin, whereas the lines created by hybridization and introgression with other Curcuma species had a me-dium or low level. These results suggest that the difference of curcumin content among the various lines of C. longa was caused by hybridization and introgression with other Curcuma species.展开更多
We studied on the effect of Curcuma longa extract on spatial learning-related memory ability of old rats in eight-arm radial maze task. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: one group was orally administered 100...We studied on the effect of Curcuma longa extract on spatial learning-related memory ability of old rats in eight-arm radial maze task. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: one group was orally administered 100 mg/KgBW/day C. longa extract (CLE) dissolved in deionized water and the other group was administered the vehicle alone for 10 weeks. The rats were tested with the partially baited eight-arm radial maze to evaluate two types of spatial memory-related learning ability displayed by reference memory errors (RMEs) and working memory errors (WMEs). Chronic administration of CLE significantly decreased the number of RMEs and WMEs, concurrently with the decreases in the cortico-hippocampal levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In a parallel set of experiments, CLE-pretreated rats of the same age group were subjected to hypoxia-reperfusion injury by carotid artery occlusion to induce oxidative stress in the brains in order to examine whether such an in vivo hypoxia-induced oxidative stress could be ameliorated by the extract. Again, the levels of LPO were significantly decreased in the cortico-hippocampal tissues of the CLE-fed hypoxic rats. The histology of the brains also revealed that the CLE-pretreated rats had retained improved cellular integrity. Finally, our results provide the evidence that oral administration of C. longa extract increases the defense against oxidative stress and proinflammatory TNF-α, concurrently with the improvement of memory-related brain cognitive ability of the aged rats.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the protective effects of Aristolochia longa (A. longa) and Aquilaria malaccensis (A. malaccensis) on acute hepatotoxicity induced by lead in female albino rats. Methods: Twenty five (25) app...Objective: To investigate the protective effects of Aristolochia longa (A. longa) and Aquilaria malaccensis (A. malaccensis) on acute hepatotoxicity induced by lead in female albino rats. Methods: Twenty five (25) apparently healthy female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of five rats in each: control, Pb, Pb + A. longa (Ar), Pb+ A. malaccensis (Aq), and Pb+ A. longa (Ar) + A. malaccensis (Aq) lead (100 mg/kg b.w.) as Pb (C2H3O2)2 added in their drinking water for 75 days. A. longa (rhizome powder at a dose of 10 g/kg of diet ) and A. malaccensis (heartwood powder at a dose 10 g/kg of diet) were added to the feed during the last 15 days of lead exposed in the animals. Results: Obtained results revealed that lead treatment caused a significant increase in serum GOT, GPT and ALP activities and in liver of MDA level and CAT activity. In contrast, it led to an decrease in the liver GOT, GPT and GST activities and in GSH level in rats. Also, the results clearly showed that lead causes alterations of hepatic tissue in comparison with controls. Our results showed that treatment with A. malaccensis and A. longa a partial correction of the previous parameters. The histological observations confirmed the hepatoprotection results by the biochemical parameters. Conclusions: Results demonstrated beneficial effects of A. longa and A. malaccensis treatment in Pb-induced oxidative stress and tissue damage in liver.展开更多
Dried and fresh rhizomes of the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are well known in traditional medicine, and curcu- min is widely used in various geographic regions. Although there are differences in the amount of cu...Dried and fresh rhizomes of the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are well known in traditional medicine, and curcu- min is widely used in various geographic regions. Although there are differences in the amount of curcumin within this species, identification of the candidate line by rhizome is difficult because of the relative simplicity of its morphological characteristics. To accurately identify lines of C. longa with a high content of curcumin, we analysed several sequences of chloroplast DNA. First, to determine the appropriate outgroup taxa in which to conduct infras-pecific analyses of C. longa, we reconstructed the molecular phylogenetic tree of C. longa and its allied species. The results showed that C. aromatica and C. zedoaria are closely related to C. longa. Next, to develop a molecular marker for identifying lines of C. longa with a high content of curcumin, a network analysis using chloroplast microsatellite regions was performed. Results showed that a unique haplotype within C. longa corresponds to the high curcumin content line. Therefore, the chloroplast microsatellite regions used for the analysis allowed us to determine the lines of this species with high cur- cumin content.展开更多
[Objectives] To establish a HPLC method for the quantitative determination of cinnamic acid in Stephania longa Lour. [Methods]The chromatographic column: Thermo BDS HYPERSIL C_(18)( 4. 6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm); mobil...[Objectives] To establish a HPLC method for the quantitative determination of cinnamic acid in Stephania longa Lour. [Methods]The chromatographic column: Thermo BDS HYPERSIL C_(18)( 4. 6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm); mobile phase: acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid( 24∶ 76); flow rate: 1 mL/min; column temperature: 30℃; wavelength: 285 nm. [Results]The cinnamic acid was in a good linear relationship in the range of 0. 021 7-0. 076 μg,the sample recovery rate was 100. 46%,the RSD was 2. 20%,and the content was in the range of 0. 004%-0. 022%. [Conclusions] The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used for the quality control of S. longa Lour.展开更多
The purpose of the current study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content and total antioxidant activity of the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts and their free r...The purpose of the current study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content and total antioxidant activity of the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts and their free radical scavenging activity. The study concluded that the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts have a good source of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant sources in turn which opens the high possibility of the extracts being used as food preservatives. The DPPH assay for scavenging free radicals showed that the IC<sub>50</sub> value was above 123% of Curcuma longa ethanolic extract, 129.9% μg/ml of Acorus calamus ethanolic extract and 25% of Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts shows very strong inhibition of the free radicals. Thus, comparing the DPPH assay for scavenging free radicals of Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts with the positive control ascorbic acid, Curcuma longa and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts showed strong inhibition of the free radicals.展开更多
基金funded by Maranatha Christian University,Bandung,Indonesia for Productive Lecturer Research under grant number:011/SK/ADD/UKM/IV/2024.
文摘Objective:To assess the effects of turmeric extract and its compounds on oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptosis in acetaminophen-induced liver injury.Methods:HepG2 cells were administered with acetaminophen(40 mM)to induce hepatotoxicity,followed by treatment with turmeric extract and its isolated compounds including curcumin,demethoxycurcumin,bis-demethoxycurcumin and ar-turmerone at 5,25,and 125μg/mL.IL-1β,IL-6,and IL-10 levels were quantified with ELISA kits.Further,qRT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression of JNK,Casp-9,and Casp-3.Meanwhile,the levels of nitric oxide and lactate dehydrogenase were analyzed using colorimetric assay.Results:Acetaminophen administration caused an increase in the levels of lactate dehydrogenase,nitric oxide,IL-1β,IL-6,and the mRNA expression of JNK,Casp-9,and Casp-3 in HepG2 cells while reducing IL-10 levels.Treatment with turmeric extract,curcumin,demethoxycurcumin,bis-demethoxycurcumin,and ar-turmerone lowered IL-1β,IL-6,nitric oxide,and lactate dehydrogenase levels,downregulated the mRNA expression of JNK,Casp-9,and Casp-3,and increased IL-10 levels.Conclusions:Turmeric extract and its compounds have significant hepatoprotective activity and could be further explored for the treatment of liver damage.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective and immunotherapeutic effects of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome in CCl_4 intoxicated Swiss albino mice.Methods:first group of mice(n=5) received CCl_4 treatment at a dose of 0.5 mL/kg bw(i.p.) for 7 days.Second group was fed orally the aqueous extract of turmeric at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw for IS days.The third group was given both the turmeric extract(for 15 days,orally) and CCl_4(for last 7 days,i.p.).The fourth group was kept as a control.To study the liver function,the transaminase enzymes(SGOT and SGPT) and bilirubin level were measured in the serum of respective groups.For assaying the immunotherapeutic action of Curcuma longa(C.longa),non specific host response parameters like morphological alteration,phagocytosis,nitric oxide release,myeloperoxidase release and intracellular killing capacity of peritoneal macrophages were studied from the respective groups.Results:The result of present study suggested that CCl_4 administration increased the level of SCOT and SGPT and bilirubin level in serum.However,the aqueous extract of turmeric reduced the level of SGOT, SCFT and bilirubin in CCl_4 intoxicated mice.Apart from damaging the liver system,CCl_4 also reduced non specific host response parameters like morphological alteration,phagocytosis, nitric oxide release,myeloperoxidase release and intracellular killing capacity of peritoneal macrophages.Administration of aqueous extract of C.longa offered significant protection from these damaging actions of CCl_4 on the non specific host response in the peritoneal macrophages of CCl_4 intoxicated mice.Conclusions:In conclusion,the present study suggests that C.longa has immunotherapeutic properties along with its ability to ameliorate hepatotoxicity.
文摘Aim: To study the contraceptive effect of the crude extracts of Curcuma longa in male albino rats. Methods: Rats were fed orally with Curcuma longa aqueous and 70 % alcoholic extract for 60 days (500 mg·kg-1· day-1). Results: A reduction in sperm motility and density was observed in both the treated groups. Conclusion: Curcuma longa may have affected the androgen synthesis either by inhibiting the Leydig cell function or the hypo-thalamus pituitary axis and as a result, spermatogenesis is arrested.
基金supported by the National Scientific Foundation of China (Grant nos.21375101,90817103,and 30973672)Doctroral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (No.20110141110024)Innovation Seed Fund and Translational Medical Research Fund of Wuhan University School of Medicine
文摘A novel method for analysis of three active components curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in Curcuma longa L. was developed by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection. Three curcuminoids were well separated on a C18 column and detected with high sensitivity. A mobile phase containing acetonitrile and 10 mM Na2HPO4-H3PO4 （pH 5.0） （50：50, v/v） was used. Good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.208-41.6, 0.197-39.4, and 0.227-114μM for curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin respectively. The limit of detection reached up to 10 ？ 8 M, which was lower than that by UV detection. The relative standard deviations （RSDs） ranged from 1.06%to 1.88%for intra-day precision and from 4.30%to 5.79%for inter-day precision, respectively. The proposed method has been applied in real herb sample and recoveries ranging from 86.3%to 111%were obtained.
文摘A new skeleton bisabolane-type sesquiterpene curcuminoid,bisabocurcumin（1）,along with 5 known compounds,curcumin（2）, demethoxycurcumin（3）,bidemethoxycurcumin（4）,（1E,4E）-1,5-bis（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）-penta-1,4-dien-3-one（5）,and （1E,4E）-1-（4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl）-5-（4-hydroxy phenyl-）-penta-1,4-dien-3-one（6）were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.Bisabocurcumin（1） is firstly obtained from nature with a new skeleton combined by a bisabolane-type sesquiterpene and a 1,7-diphenylheptanoid through a C-C bond.
文摘Metabolic syndrome(MS)involves people with the following risk factors:obesity,hypertension,high glucose level and hyperlipidemia.It can increase the risk of heart disease,stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The prevalence of MS in the world’s adult population is about 20%–25%.Today,there is much care to use medicinal plants.Turmeric(Curcuma longa)as well as curcumin which is derived from the rhizome of the plant,has been shown beneficial effects on different components of MS.Thus,the purpose of this manuscript was to introduce different in vitro,in vivo and human studies regarding the effect of turmeric and its constituent on MS.Moreover,different mechanisms of action by which this plant overcomes MS have been introduced.Based on studies,turmeric and its bioactive component,curcumin,due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,have antidiabetic effects through increasing insulin release,antihyperlipidemic effects by increasing fatty acid uptake,anti-obesity effects by decreasing lipogenesis,and antihypertensive effects by increasing nitric oxide.According to several in vivo,in vitro and human studies,it can be concluded that turmeric or curcumin has important values as a complementary therapy in MS.However,more clinical trials should be done to confirm these effects.
文摘Although both Astasia longa and Euglena gracilis belong to different genera, they share many morphological characters except that A. longa has no chloroplast. In the 1940’s, on the basis of the finding that in darkness or upon addition of some chemicals, E. gracilis would fade reversibly or irreversibly, some scholars hypothesised that A. longa evolved from E. gracilis by losing chloroplast. The authors’ use of RAPD and cladistic analyses in a study on the evolutionary relationship between A .longa and E. gracilis showed that the A. longa ’s relationship with E. gracilis was closer than that with other green euglenoids. This proves the hypothesis that A. longa evolved from E. gracilis is reasonable. The results of this study suggest that saprophytic colorless euglenoids were transformed from green euglenoids by losing their choroplasts.
文摘Background:The increasing incidence of chemically induced infertility is both a social threat and a threat to the continuation of life itself.Treatment or management therapy is often expensive.This study investigated the effects of acetone extract of a local plant(Curcuma longa)in a Wistar rat model of cimetidine‐induced pituitarytesticular dysfunction.Methods:Thirty‐five male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats.After a phytochemical screening of an acetone extract of C.Longa,cimetidine and the extract at three doses,200,400 and 600 mg/kg,were orally co‐administered to the rats for 28 consecutive days.Comparisons were made(at P<0.05)against a control(2 mL/kg distilled water),a standard treatment group(cimetidine+50 mg/kg vitamin C),a toxic group(60 mg/kg cimetidine)and a group receiving extract alone.Results:Cimetidine administration was associated with deleterious alterations to sperm motility,sperm count and sperm viability,as well as derangements in the plasma levels of FSH,LH and testosterone(P<0.05).Both brain and testicular GSH and TBARS levels were significantly altered following cimetidine administration,and distortions were seen in the pituitary and testicular histoarchitecture.These changes were significantly normalized by co‐administration of graded doses of the extract,with an associated improvement of both pituitary and testicular histology.Conclusion:Acetone extract of C.Longa normalized cimetidine‐induced pituitarytesticular dysfunction in Wistar rats.This presents the extract as a potential nutraceutical choice against chemically induced reproductive toxicity.
文摘Endophytes (both fungi and bacteria) represent a treasure house for bioactive compounds such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, insecticidal etc. for use in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Endophytic population is greatly influenced by climatic conditions and location where the host plant grows. Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family that is usually used as spice and preservative. Traditionally it is used to treat various conditions and symptoms such as digestive disorders, arthritis, cardiovascular conditions, cancer, bacterial infections etc. In recent times, there have been different discoveries on endophytic fungi and their biological activity from C. longa. But there is no comprehensive review on endophytic fungi of C. longa. The aim of this review is to analyze the published report based on the endophytic fungi to provide for the first time an updated information about their isolation from different tissues, their biological activities including the phytochemistry of C. longa. This will lead the way to forecast the missing link for future research work.
文摘The reduced efficiency of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock, and the unavoidable residual effects on livestock products such as egg, meat and milk have pushed researchers to rush towards the use of phytobiotics in animal feed. This study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Dschang to evaluate the Effect of <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><i>Cucurma longa</i></span> powder as feed additive on hemato-serological parameters in Guinea pigs. A total of 120 three weeks old Guinea pigs (60 males and 60 females), with an average weight of 150 ± 20 g were used. The animals were randomly distributed into four treatments in a completely randomized design with 30 animals per treatment (15 males and 15 females). Four experimental treatments were used by adding 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% <i>C. longa</i> in the diet corresponding to R0, R0.25%, R0.5% and R1% respectively. At the 8th week of age, 12 Guinea pigs (6 males and 6 females) per treatment were fasted for 12 hours and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood was rapidly collected from the jugular vein for the evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters. Results revealed that the inclusion of <span style="white-space:normal;"><i></span>Curcuma longa<span style="white-space:normal;"></i></span> at 0.25% significantly (p < 0.05) increased the concentration of hematocrit, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) was observed in hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, serum lipids, globulin, AST, ALT, and urea. It was concluded that the use of <span style="white-space:normal;"><i></span>Curcuma longa<span style="white-space:normal;"></i></span> powder at 0.25% as feed additive positively regulates blood serum parameters of Guinea pigs.
文摘Curcumin, which is traditionally known to have effects on various types of diseases in humans, is found in Curcuma longa L. Previous reports have indicated that the curcumin content varies between the different lines of this species. To clarify the differences in the amounts of curcumin between the lines, we investigated the outcomes of cultivation ex-periments with the hybridization or introgression between C. longa and other Curcuma species using the matK gene of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and the external transcribed spacer (ETS) of nuclear DNA (nrDNA). The results show that there is heterogeneity of the ETS and incongruence between the matK and the ETS phylogenetic trees, suggesting that hybridization and introgression had taken place in the diversification of the various lines of C. longa. Moreover, al-though all of the lines had the same cpDNA haplotype of C. longa, the lines of homogeneous C. longa had a high con-tent of curcumin, whereas the lines created by hybridization and introgression with other Curcuma species had a me-dium or low level. These results suggest that the difference of curcumin content among the various lines of C. longa was caused by hybridization and introgression with other Curcuma species.
文摘We studied on the effect of Curcuma longa extract on spatial learning-related memory ability of old rats in eight-arm radial maze task. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: one group was orally administered 100 mg/KgBW/day C. longa extract (CLE) dissolved in deionized water and the other group was administered the vehicle alone for 10 weeks. The rats were tested with the partially baited eight-arm radial maze to evaluate two types of spatial memory-related learning ability displayed by reference memory errors (RMEs) and working memory errors (WMEs). Chronic administration of CLE significantly decreased the number of RMEs and WMEs, concurrently with the decreases in the cortico-hippocampal levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In a parallel set of experiments, CLE-pretreated rats of the same age group were subjected to hypoxia-reperfusion injury by carotid artery occlusion to induce oxidative stress in the brains in order to examine whether such an in vivo hypoxia-induced oxidative stress could be ameliorated by the extract. Again, the levels of LPO were significantly decreased in the cortico-hippocampal tissues of the CLE-fed hypoxic rats. The histology of the brains also revealed that the CLE-pretreated rats had retained improved cellular integrity. Finally, our results provide the evidence that oral administration of C. longa extract increases the defense against oxidative stress and proinflammatory TNF-α, concurrently with the improvement of memory-related brain cognitive ability of the aged rats.
文摘Objective: To investigate the protective effects of Aristolochia longa (A. longa) and Aquilaria malaccensis (A. malaccensis) on acute hepatotoxicity induced by lead in female albino rats. Methods: Twenty five (25) apparently healthy female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of five rats in each: control, Pb, Pb + A. longa (Ar), Pb+ A. malaccensis (Aq), and Pb+ A. longa (Ar) + A. malaccensis (Aq) lead (100 mg/kg b.w.) as Pb (C2H3O2)2 added in their drinking water for 75 days. A. longa (rhizome powder at a dose of 10 g/kg of diet ) and A. malaccensis (heartwood powder at a dose 10 g/kg of diet) were added to the feed during the last 15 days of lead exposed in the animals. Results: Obtained results revealed that lead treatment caused a significant increase in serum GOT, GPT and ALP activities and in liver of MDA level and CAT activity. In contrast, it led to an decrease in the liver GOT, GPT and GST activities and in GSH level in rats. Also, the results clearly showed that lead causes alterations of hepatic tissue in comparison with controls. Our results showed that treatment with A. malaccensis and A. longa a partial correction of the previous parameters. The histological observations confirmed the hepatoprotection results by the biochemical parameters. Conclusions: Results demonstrated beneficial effects of A. longa and A. malaccensis treatment in Pb-induced oxidative stress and tissue damage in liver.
文摘Dried and fresh rhizomes of the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are well known in traditional medicine, and curcu- min is widely used in various geographic regions. Although there are differences in the amount of curcumin within this species, identification of the candidate line by rhizome is difficult because of the relative simplicity of its morphological characteristics. To accurately identify lines of C. longa with a high content of curcumin, we analysed several sequences of chloroplast DNA. First, to determine the appropriate outgroup taxa in which to conduct infras-pecific analyses of C. longa, we reconstructed the molecular phylogenetic tree of C. longa and its allied species. The results showed that C. aromatica and C. zedoaria are closely related to C. longa. Next, to develop a molecular marker for identifying lines of C. longa with a high content of curcumin, a network analysis using chloroplast microsatellite regions was performed. Results showed that a unique haplotype within C. longa corresponds to the high curcumin content line. Therefore, the chloroplast microsatellite regions used for the analysis allowed us to determine the lines of this species with high cur- cumin content.
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation(8126067381660701)+1 种基金Scientific Research Innovation Program of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(JS201625)Program of Key Laboratory for Purification and Quality Analysis of TCM Extraction in Guangxi Universities(Gui Jiao Ke Yan[2014]No.6)
文摘[Objectives] To establish a HPLC method for the quantitative determination of cinnamic acid in Stephania longa Lour. [Methods]The chromatographic column: Thermo BDS HYPERSIL C_(18)( 4. 6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm); mobile phase: acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid( 24∶ 76); flow rate: 1 mL/min; column temperature: 30℃; wavelength: 285 nm. [Results]The cinnamic acid was in a good linear relationship in the range of 0. 021 7-0. 076 μg,the sample recovery rate was 100. 46%,the RSD was 2. 20%,and the content was in the range of 0. 004%-0. 022%. [Conclusions] The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used for the quality control of S. longa Lour.
文摘The purpose of the current study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content and total antioxidant activity of the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts and their free radical scavenging activity. The study concluded that the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts have a good source of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant sources in turn which opens the high possibility of the extracts being used as food preservatives. The DPPH assay for scavenging free radicals showed that the IC<sub>50</sub> value was above 123% of Curcuma longa ethanolic extract, 129.9% μg/ml of Acorus calamus ethanolic extract and 25% of Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts shows very strong inhibition of the free radicals. Thus, comparing the DPPH assay for scavenging free radicals of Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts with the positive control ascorbic acid, Curcuma longa and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts showed strong inhibition of the free radicals.
