The process and characteristics of loading on high-speed railway bridge pile foundation were firstly obtained by means of field research and analysis,and the corresponding loading function was presented.One-dimensiona...The process and characteristics of loading on high-speed railway bridge pile foundation were firstly obtained by means of field research and analysis,and the corresponding loading function was presented.One-dimensional consolidation equation of elastic multilayered soils was then established with single drainage or double drainages under multilevel loading.Moreover,the formulas for calculating effective stress and settlement were derived from the Laplace numerical inversion transform.The three-dimensional composite analysis method of bridge pile group was improved,where the actual load conditions of pile foundation could be simulated,and the consolidation characteristics of soil layers beneath pile were also taken into account.Eventually,a corresponding program named LTPGS was developed to improve the calculation efficiency.The comparison between long-term settlement obtained from the proposed method and the in-situ measurements of pile foundation was illustrated,and a close agreement is obtained.The error between computed and measured results is less than 1 mm,and it gradually reduces with time.It is shown that the proposed method can effectively simulate the long-term settlement of pile foundation and program LTPGS can provide a reliable estimation.展开更多
Mountain Excavation and City Construction(MECC)represents a prominent anthropogenic endeavor aimed at facilitating urban expansion in the Loess Plateau of China.It is important to comprehend the long-term settlement b...Mountain Excavation and City Construction(MECC)represents a prominent anthropogenic endeavor aimed at facilitating urban expansion in the Loess Plateau of China.It is important to comprehend the long-term settlement behavior at MECC engineering sites to effectively assess the project’s success in reshaping landscapes and expanding urban areas.In this study,a typical MECC project,specifically the upstream area of the Liujiagou Valley within the new district of Yan’an City,is selected as a case study to investigate long-term settlement characteristics.The research involved conducting creep tests on soil samples with varying dry densities and moisture content and continuous in-situ monitoring of ground surface settlement at 17 specific points.Furthermore,a numerical model was developed and calibrated using the in-situ monitoring data to predict the long-term settlement.The findings reveal that an increase in soil dry density and a decrease in soil water content contribute to reduced deformation.Notably,settlement primarily manifests within the filled areas,with greater soil thickness exacerbating settlement effects.Over time,cumulative settlement exhibits a progressively diminishing rate of deformation until it attains a stable state.These results provide insights for assessing the long-term stability of MECC projects,facilitating decision-making in future endeavors within this region.展开更多
Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitatio...Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.展开更多
Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering va...Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering valuable insights into tumor biology and potential treatment strategies.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 132 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage III TNBC,comprising 36 long-term survivors(RFS≥8 years),62 moderate-term survivors(RFS:3-8 years),and 34 short-term survivors(RFS<3 years).Analyses investigated clinicopathological factors,whole-exome sequencing,germline mutations,copy number alterations(CNAs),RNA sequences,and metabolomic profiles.Results:Long-term survivors exhibited fewer metastatic regional lymph nodes,along with tumors showing reduced stromal fibrosis and lower Ki67 index.Molecularly,these tumors exhibited multiple alterations in genes related to homologous recombination repair,with higher frequencies of germline mutations and somatic CNAs.Additionally,tumors from long-term survivors demonstrated significant downregulation of the RTK-RAS signaling pathway.Metabolomic profiling revealed decreased levels of lipids and carbohydrate,particularly those involved in glycerophospholipid,fructose,and mannose metabolism,in long-term survival group.Multivariate Cox analysis identified fibrosis[hazard ratio(HR):12.70,95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.19-73.54,P=0.005]and RAC1copy number loss/deletion(HR:0.22,95%CI:0.06-0.83,P=0.026)as independent predictors of RFS.Higher fructose/mannose metabolism was associated with worse overall survival(HR:1.30,95%CI:1.01-1.68,P=0.045).Our findings emphasize the association between biological determinants and prolonged survival in patients with TNBC.Conclusions:Our study systematically identified the key molecular and metabolic features associated with prolonged survival in AJCC stage III TNBC,suggesting potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.展开更多
Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD pat...Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications.By drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.展开更多
Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-l...Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-long(2015–2022)surface ozone observation data,we attempted to reveal the variation ofmultiple timescale components using the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter,and the effects of meteorology and emissions were quantitatively isolated using multiple linear regression with meteorological variables.The results showed that the short-term,seasonal,and long-term components accounted for daily maximum 8-hr average O_(3)(O_(3–8)hr)concentration,46.4%,45.9%,and 1.0%,respectively.The meteorological impacts account for an average of 71.8%of O_(3–8)hr,and the YRD’s eastern and northern sections aremeteorology-sensitive areas.Based on statistical analysis technology with empirical orthogonal function,the contribution of meteorology,local emission,and transport in the long-term component of O_(3–8)hr were 0.21%,0.12%,and 0.6%,respectively.The spatiotemporal analysis indicated that a distinct decreasing spatial pattern could be observed from coastal cities towards the northwest,influenced by the monsoon and synoptic conditions.The central urban agglomeration north and south of the YRD was particularly susceptible to local pollution.Among the cities studied,Shanghai,Anqing,and Xuancheng,located at similar latitudes,were significantly impacted by atmospheric transmission—the contribution of Shanghai,the maximum accounting for 3.6%.展开更多
Ensuring the provision of accessible,affordable,and high-quality public services to all individuals aligns with one of the paramount aims of the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).In the face of esca ...Ensuring the provision of accessible,affordable,and high-quality public services to all individuals aligns with one of the paramount aims of the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).In the face of esca lating urbanization and a dwindling rural populace in China,reconstructing rural settlements to enhance public service accessibility has become a fundamental strategy for achieving the SDGs in rural areas.However,few stud ies have examined the optimal methods for rural settlement reconstruction that ensure accessible and equitable public services while considering multiple existing facilities and service provisions.This paper focuses on rural settlement reconstruction in the context of the SDGs,employing an inverted MCLP-CC(maximal coverage loca tion problem for complementary coverage)model to identify optimal rural settlements and a rank-based method for their relocation.Conducted in Changyuan,a county-level city in Henan Province,China,this study observed significant enhancements in both accessibility and equity following rural settlement reconstruction by utilizing the MH3SFCA(modified Huff 3-step floating catchment area)and the spatial Lorenz curve method.Remarkably,these improvements were achieved without the addition of new facilities,with the accessibility increasing by 44.21%,4.97%,and 3.11%;Gini coefficients decreasing by 19.53%,1.64%,and 3.18%;Ricci-Schutz coef-ficients decreasing by 21.09%,2.09%,and 4.33%for educational,medical,and cultural and sports facilities,respectively.It indicated that rural settlement reconstruction can bolster the accessibility and equity of public ser-vices by leveraging existing facilities.This paper provides a new framework for stakeholders to better reconstruct rural settlements and promote sustainable development in rural areas in China.展开更多
Slow-release phosphate materials were prepared by activating insoluble phosphate with organic acid to stabilize high concentrations of Cd and Zn in contaminated smelter soil.The results showed that oxalic acid(0.1 mol...Slow-release phosphate materials were prepared by activating insoluble phosphate with organic acid to stabilize high concentrations of Cd and Zn in contaminated smelter soil.The results showed that oxalic acid(0.1 mol/L)activated tricalcium phosphate(TO-0.1)provided the most efficient stabilization of Cd and Zn.After 30 d treatment,leaching concentrations of Cd and Zn in soil were decreased from 3.17 and 16.60 mg/L to 0.078 and 0.32 mg/L,respectively.The acid-soluble fractions of Cd and Zn were transformed into reducible,oxidizable,and residual fractions.Notably,As mobility in TO-0.1 treated soils did not increase.In addition,acid rain leaching and 150 d of natural aging revealed that the slow-release phosphate material provided long-term stability for the stabilization of Cd and Zn.This study verifies the potential application of slow-release phosphate materials for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil at smelting sites.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations of intraocular lens (IOL) opacity after cataract surgery through case reports, and to explore its pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment ideas, so as to provide a ba...Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations of intraocular lens (IOL) opacity after cataract surgery through case reports, and to explore its pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment ideas, so as to provide a basis for the early diagnosis and correct treatment of IOL opacity. Methods: The clinical data of one patient diagnosed with IOL opacity and underwent intraocular lens replacement in the Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities in December 2023 were reported. The characteristics of IOL opacity were observed, and the research progress and pathogenesis of IOL opacity were understood by consulting the literature. Results: This patient is the first case of IOL opacity in our hospital. The specific reason is unclear. It is considered to be related to the IOL material. Conclusion: Hydrophilic acrylic IOL is widely used in clinic because of its good histocompatibility. However, due to its hydrophilicity, there are more cases of IOL opacity than other types of IOL. At present, there is no unified conclusion on the etiology and mechanism of IOL opacity. IOL opacity can seriously affect vision and is easily misdiagnosed as a posterior cataract. We should fully disperse the large pupil and carefully observe under the slit lamp. The most effective treatment for this disease is IOL replacement.展开更多
The Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region has witnessed a consistent decrease in NO_(2),CO,and PM_(2.5) from 2016 to 2023.However,ozone has exhibited fluctuating patterns.Quantifying ozone contributions from emissions,both w...The Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region has witnessed a consistent decrease in NO_(2),CO,and PM_(2.5) from 2016 to 2023.However,ozone has exhibited fluctuating patterns.Quantifying ozone contributions from emissions,both within and outside the YRD,is essential for understanding city-cluster-scale ozone pollution(CCSOP).To address these concerns,a comprehensive approach combining Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filtering,Empirical Orthogonal Function,Absolute Principal Component Score,andMultiple Linear Regression methods(KZ-EOF-APCs-MLR)was employed to quantify the impacts of meteorological factors,local and non-local emission contributions of ozone(LECO and NECO).Emission changes were identified as the predominant factor shaping annual fluctuations in ambient ozone.Notably,during the previous andmiddle stages of the COVID-19 pandemic(from2017 to 2021),emissions reductions led to a marked decrease in YRD ozone levels(-7.01μg/m^(3)),with a pronounced rebound post-pandemic(2022 to 2023)(+8.04μg/m^(3)).Seasonally,the emissioninduced ozone exhibited fluctuating upward trend during autumn and winter,suggesting a transition of ozone pollution towards colder seasons.Spatially,high LECO concentrated in the eastern YRD(EYRD)across spring,autumn,and winter,becoming prominent in the central YRD(CYRD)during summer.During CCSOP,the CYRD exhibited the highest LECO and exceedance frequency(20.82μg/m^(3) and 45.27%).LECO explained a large portion of ozone variability during CCSOP,particularly in the EYRD,while NECO showed less explanatory power but consistently high contributions(148.05±15.52μg/m^(3)).These findings offer valuable insights for a deeper understanding of the evolving patterns of ozone pollution and the issue of CCSOP in the YRD.展开更多
A ground girder is laid on the preprocessed subgrade by gravity compaction and integrally uniformly supported by subgrade in maglev transit.The settlement of the maglev subgrade inevitably affects the vibration state ...A ground girder is laid on the preprocessed subgrade by gravity compaction and integrally uniformly supported by subgrade in maglev transit.The settlement of the maglev subgrade inevitably affects the vibration state of the medium and low speed maglev coupled system by the additional deformation of the maglev track.This study investigated the dynamic properties of the coupled vibration system affected by the subgrade settlement.First,a theoretical coupled vibration model of a maglev train-track-ground girder system with uneven subgrade settlement was proposed and verified.Then,the effect mechanism of the coupled system caused by the uneven subgrade settlement was explored.Finally,settlement types and subgrade support voiding were examined.The analysis showed that the uneven subgrade settlement considerably increased the dynamic responses of the levitation control system and maglev vehicle while having a minor influence on those of the track-ground girder.The influence of a single ground girder settling was the strongest,and adjacent sides’settling of two ground girders was the weakest for the vibration of a maglev train.An extremely large uneven settlement exceeding 6 mm led to active levitation control system instability.The subgrade support voiding enlarged the vehicle-induced vibration of the track ground girder.展开更多
This study focused on realizing Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)6 for inclusive clean water and sanitation;in particular Target 6.3,which aims to reduce untreated wastewater by 2030 while promoting circular wastewate...This study focused on realizing Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)6 for inclusive clean water and sanitation;in particular Target 6.3,which aims to reduce untreated wastewater by 2030 while promoting circular wastewater reuse and recycling globally.The main objective was to assess the adequacy and efficiency of communal septic tank systems in informal settlements while helping local planners and authorities in their decision-making regarding Target 6.3.Quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed with secondary data from previous researchers,and primary data were collected from field surveys,observations,and interviews with members of the local community.The research was delimited to two village administrative divisions known as Rukun Warga(Village Administrative Division,RW):RW 7 and RW 8 of Lebak Siliwangi Kampung in Coblong District,Bandung,West Java,Indonesia.The findings were also compared with situations in other informal settlements in Brazil,Bangladesh,and Nairobi.The results indicated the inadequacy of communal septic tanks in informal settlements due to factors such as substandard system design,limited support and communication between authorities and residents,and the gap between septic tank availability and capacity vis-a-vis demand.Other limiting factors included limited land availability and irregular geomorphology,the latter of which affected the siting and operation of septic tanks due a lack of room for upgrades or expansion in response to continuous population growth.These findings illustrate the need to complement communal septic systems with flexible centralized or decentralized systems to achieve Target 6.3 of SDG 6.展开更多
To better understand the spatial variations in phytoplankton abundance and community structure and their relationship with environmental parameters in Jiaozhou Bay,Yellow Sea,in Shandong,East China,observations were c...To better understand the spatial variations in phytoplankton abundance and community structure and their relationship with environmental parameters in Jiaozhou Bay,Yellow Sea,in Shandong,East China,observations were conducted to estimate abundance of net-phytoplankton and key groups along with environmental parameters in three typical sites in seasonal survey from 2004 to 2016 in the bay.The spatial patterns of phytoplankton abundance differed obviously between the inner and the outer bay.The abundance of total phytoplankton and diatoms increased obviously in the northern part of the bay,while decreased in the southern part and outer bay.An increase in dinoflagellate abundance was obvious in the outer bay.Variations in the dynamics of phytoplankton abundance could be largely explained by the succession of chain-forming diatoms and dinoflagellates.The key chain forming diatom groups Chaetoceros and Thalassiosira increased markedly,especially in winter in the northern part of the bay,while in the southern part and the outer bay,Chaetoceros declined.Besides,the key dinoflagellate groups Ceratium and Noctiluca increased noticeably,resulting in a significant increase in the dinoflagellate/diatom ratio in the outer bay.These variations has a significant correlation with environmental variables of surface seawater temperature,phosphorus,nitrogen,salinity,and N/Si ratio(P<0.05).For the key groups,temperature was the primary driver of dinoflagellate abundance,while the N/P ratio was critical for chain-forming diatoms.The abundance of phytoplankton showed a clear spatial pattern and associated obviously with environmental factors in the marine ecosystems,offering insights into coastal ecosystem management and conservation strategies.展开更多
This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce.Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collec...This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce.Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collected from large-scale fermentation tanks with fermentation periods of up to 7.87 years.The complex bacterial community was simplified to two genera,Tetragenococcus and Halanaerobium,after approximately 0.55 years of fermentation.Although genera,such as Saccharomyces,Cladosporium,Candida,and Aspergillus,were relatively dominant,no clear pattern was identified in fungal community analysis.The longitudinal metabolite profile demonstrated that approximately half(55.8%)of the metabolites present in anchovy sauce were produced within a year of fermentation due to rapid fermentation.Despite the static microbial community,the contents of several metabolites including amino acids and biogenic amines changed continuously during the long-term fermentation of anchovy sauce.This study provides novel insights into the changes in microbiota and metabolites in fish sauce produced without any starter inoculation.展开更多
Background:Long-term exposure to light has emerged as a novel risk factor for metabolic diseases.The whitening of brown adipose tissue(BAT)may play an important role in metabolic disorders caused by long-term continuo...Background:Long-term exposure to light has emerged as a novel risk factor for metabolic diseases.The whitening of brown adipose tissue(BAT)may play an important role in metabolic disorders caused by long-term continuous light exposure.This study aimed to investigate the morphological and functional alterations in BAT under continuous light conditions and to identify traditional Chinese medicine compounds capable of reversing these changes.Methods:A metabolic disorder model was established by subjecting mice to continuous light exposure for 5 weeks.During this period,body weight,food intake,and body fat percentage were monitored.Serum levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were measured to assess lipid metabolism.Histological changes in BAT were examined using H&E staining.The expression of the thermogenic marker uncoupling protein 1(UCP1)in BAT was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot to evaluate thermogenic function.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)was employed to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)involved in BAT whitening induced by prolonged continuous light exposure.DEGs were analyzed using the connectivity map(CMap)database to identify potential preventive and therapeutic compounds.The therapeutic efficacy of the selected compounds was subsequently evaluated using the above indicators,and key pathways were validated through western blot analysis.Results:After 5 weeks of continuous light exposure,mice exhibited increased body fat percentage and serum levels of TG,impaired mitochondrial function,reduced thermogenic capacity,and whitening of BAT.Gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses indicated that BAT whitening was primarily associated with the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)signaling pathway,fatty acid metabolism,and circadian rhythm.Ten hub genes identified using Cytoscape were mainly related to AMPK signaling and heat shock proteins.In vivo experiments showed that cordycepin significantly attenuated the increase in body fat percentage caused by prolonged light exposure.This effect was mediated by activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α/UCP1 signaling pathway,which restored the multilocular morphology and thermogenic function of BAT.Conclusion:Cordycepin mitigates continuous light-induced BAT whitening and metabolic disturbances by activating the AMPK signaling pathway.展开更多
In contemporary geotechnical projects,various approaches are employed for forecasting the settlement of shallow foundations(S_(m)).However,achieving precise modeling of foundation behavior using certain techniques(suc...In contemporary geotechnical projects,various approaches are employed for forecasting the settlement of shallow foundations(S_(m)).However,achieving precise modeling of foundation behavior using certain techniques(such as analytical,numerical,and regression)is challenging and sometimes unattainable.This is primarily due to the inherent nonlinearity of the model,the intricate nature of geotechnical materials,the complex interaction between soil and foundation,and the inherent uncertainty in soil parameters.Therefore,thesemethods often introduce assumptions and simplifications,resulting in relationships that deviate from the actual problem’s reality.In addition,many of these methods demand significant investments of time and resources but neglect to account for the uncertainty inherent in soil/rock parameters.This study explores the application of innovative intelligent techniques to predict S_(m) to address these shortcomings.Specifically,two optimization algorithms,namely teaching-learning-based optimization(TLBO)and harmony search(HS),are harnessed for this purpose.The modeling process involves utilizing input parameters,such as thewidth of the footing(B),the pressure exerted on the footing(q),the count of SPT(Standard Penetration Test)blows(N),the ratio of footing embedment(Df/B),and the footing’s geometry(L/B),during the training phase with a dataset comprising 151 data points.Then,the models’accuracy is assessed during the testing phase using statistical metrics,including the coefficient of determination(R^(2)),mean square error(MSE),and rootmean square error(RMSE),based on a dataset of 38 data points.The findings of this investigation underscore the substantial efficacy of intelligent optimization algorithms as valuable tools for geotechnical engineers when estimating S_(m).In addition,a sensitivity analysis of the input parameters in S_(m) estimation is conducted using@RISK software,revealing that among the various input parameters,the N exerts the most pronounced influence on S_(m).展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a major global health issue,and the perioperative period critic-ally influences patient outcomes.The different effects of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia and propofol total intravenous a...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a major global health issue,and the perioperative period critic-ally influences patient outcomes.The different effects of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia and propofol total intravenous anesthesia on intraoperative stability,postoperative complications,and long-term oncologic outcomes in patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical gastrectomy remain unclear.AIM To compare the effects of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia and propofol total in-travenous anesthesia on clinical outcomes,including intraoperative indicators,postoperative complications,adverse effects,pain scores,and survival.METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study included 204 patients who underw-ent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer from February 2019 to December 2022.Patients were assigned to either the sevoflurane group(n=103)or the propofol group(n=101)based on intraoperative anesthetic regimen.Standardized protoc-ols for anesthesia management,intraoperative monitoring,and postoperative analgesia were applied.Baseline characteristics;intraoperative metrics;adverse events;complications;Visual Analog Scale(VAS)scores at 2,4,6,24,and 48 hours;and survival outcomes were retrospectively collected.Group comparisons were performed usingχ2 for categorical variables,t test for continuous variables,RESULTS Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between groups.No significant differences were observed in intraoperative indicators or most 30-day postoperative outcomes,including length of stay,emergency department visits,and readmission rates.The propofol group showed elevated mean VAS pain score at 24 hours postoperatively,but no differences were found at other time points.The propofol group also had significantly higher postoperative nausea incidence and transiently higher systolic/diastolic blood pressure and heart rate at the time of incision than the sevoflurane group.No significant differences were seen in overall rates or severity of postoperative complications,intraoperative adverse events,or in overall survival and progression-free survival.CONCLUSION In patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer,sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia demonstrated similar profiles regarding intraoperative safety,postoperative complications,adverse events,postoperative pain,and long-term survival.The selection of anesthesia can be personalized without significantly affecting periop-erative or oncologic outcomes.展开更多
Solar radiation data forecasting algorithms are important,especially in developing countries,as vast solar power plants cannot measure reliable and constant solar irradiance.The challenges of solar irradiance predicti...Solar radiation data forecasting algorithms are important,especially in developing countries,as vast solar power plants cannot measure reliable and constant solar irradiance.The challenges of solar irradiance prediction may be resolved by machine learning using weather datasets.This study emphasises the daily and monthly global solar radiation data predictions of three locations,Pretoria,Bloemfontein,and Vuwani,at different provinces in South Africa with various solar radiation distributions.The study evaluated five different machine learning models.Forecasting models were established to evaluate global solar radiation,focusing on input data.The selected forecast models are centered on their ability to perform with time series data.These models use five years of data from meteorological parameters,such as global horizontal irradiance(GHI),relative humidity,wind speed and ambient temperature between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022.The datasets from these meteorological parameters are utilised for training and testing the employed algorithms,which are examined using five statistical metrics.Moreover,the inconsistency of the solar irradiance time series was equally assessed using the clearness index.The results from this study demonstrate that the R2 value recording 0.866 datasets in Bloemfontein of random forest algorithm presents the highest performance during the training processes for all models studied,while the random tree in Vuwani showed the lowest performance of R2 of 0.210 with other algorithms in testing processes.Additionally,the maximum solar radiation was found in December for both Pretoria and Bloemfontein,recorded as 5.347 and 5.844 kWh/m2/day,respectively,while it was 4.692 kWh/m2/day at Vuwani in January.Similarly,the average clearness index of 0.605,0.657 and 0.533 are obtained at Pretoria,Bloemfontein,and Vuwani,respectively.Among the three sites under study,the solar radiation and clearness index are higher in Bloemfontein.Therefore,the proposed algorithms could be used conveniently for short-and long-term solar power plants in South Africa.展开更多
To ensure the reliability of learned information,most insects require multiple intervals of experience before storing the information as long-term memory(LTM),and this requirement has been validated in insects from th...To ensure the reliability of learned information,most insects require multiple intervals of experience before storing the information as long-term memory(LTM),and this requirement has been validated in insects from the behavioral to the molecular level.Recent studies have shown that some insects can form LTM after one-trial experience,although the mechanisms underlying one-trial LTM formation are not well understood.Therefore,understanding the mechanisms underlying rapid learning and subsequent preference formation in insects is crucial.Here we show that the agricultural pest Bactrocera dorsalis can rapidly form LTM,which is dependent on protein synthesis,and that the formation of LTM requires high energy support at the cost of reduced survival.Furthermore,based on a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)metabolomics approach,we found that LTM-related processes are sequentially coupled to two processes for energy generation,the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.This was further confirmed by blocking these energy generation processes.Our results provide a theoretical basis for the development of behavioral modulators in oriental fruit flies that target energy generation metabolites,as well as a new perspective on the rapid formation of LTM in insects.展开更多
基金Project(2012QNZT050)supported by the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges,ChinaProjects(51208518,U1361204,51208519,51108464)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project supported by the Postdoctoral Foundation of Central South University,ChinaProjects(2013RS4030,2012RS4002)sponsored by Hunan Postdoctoral Scientific Program,China
文摘The process and characteristics of loading on high-speed railway bridge pile foundation were firstly obtained by means of field research and analysis,and the corresponding loading function was presented.One-dimensional consolidation equation of elastic multilayered soils was then established with single drainage or double drainages under multilevel loading.Moreover,the formulas for calculating effective stress and settlement were derived from the Laplace numerical inversion transform.The three-dimensional composite analysis method of bridge pile group was improved,where the actual load conditions of pile foundation could be simulated,and the consolidation characteristics of soil layers beneath pile were also taken into account.Eventually,a corresponding program named LTPGS was developed to improve the calculation efficiency.The comparison between long-term settlement obtained from the proposed method and the in-situ measurements of pile foundation was illustrated,and a close agreement is obtained.The error between computed and measured results is less than 1 mm,and it gradually reduces with time.It is shown that the proposed method can effectively simulate the long-term settlement of pile foundation and program LTPGS can provide a reliable estimation.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.41790442,42107188,42141009)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA23090402).
文摘Mountain Excavation and City Construction(MECC)represents a prominent anthropogenic endeavor aimed at facilitating urban expansion in the Loess Plateau of China.It is important to comprehend the long-term settlement behavior at MECC engineering sites to effectively assess the project’s success in reshaping landscapes and expanding urban areas.In this study,a typical MECC project,specifically the upstream area of the Liujiagou Valley within the new district of Yan’an City,is selected as a case study to investigate long-term settlement characteristics.The research involved conducting creep tests on soil samples with varying dry densities and moisture content and continuous in-situ monitoring of ground surface settlement at 17 specific points.Furthermore,a numerical model was developed and calibrated using the in-situ monitoring data to predict the long-term settlement.The findings reveal that an increase in soil dry density and a decrease in soil water content contribute to reduced deformation.Notably,settlement primarily manifests within the filled areas,with greater soil thickness exacerbating settlement effects.Over time,cumulative settlement exhibits a progressively diminishing rate of deformation until it attains a stable state.These results provide insights for assessing the long-term stability of MECC projects,facilitating decision-making in future endeavors within this region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52003148 and 52261045)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University(No.MRUKF2021023)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-475)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(No.22JS003)the Industrialization Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Cultivation)of Qinba Region(No.SXC-2310)the key cultivation project funds of Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGKYXM2201).
文摘Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.
基金supported by grants from the Medical Engineering Jiont Fund of the Fudan University(No.IDH2310117)。
文摘Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering valuable insights into tumor biology and potential treatment strategies.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 132 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage III TNBC,comprising 36 long-term survivors(RFS≥8 years),62 moderate-term survivors(RFS:3-8 years),and 34 short-term survivors(RFS<3 years).Analyses investigated clinicopathological factors,whole-exome sequencing,germline mutations,copy number alterations(CNAs),RNA sequences,and metabolomic profiles.Results:Long-term survivors exhibited fewer metastatic regional lymph nodes,along with tumors showing reduced stromal fibrosis and lower Ki67 index.Molecularly,these tumors exhibited multiple alterations in genes related to homologous recombination repair,with higher frequencies of germline mutations and somatic CNAs.Additionally,tumors from long-term survivors demonstrated significant downregulation of the RTK-RAS signaling pathway.Metabolomic profiling revealed decreased levels of lipids and carbohydrate,particularly those involved in glycerophospholipid,fructose,and mannose metabolism,in long-term survival group.Multivariate Cox analysis identified fibrosis[hazard ratio(HR):12.70,95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.19-73.54,P=0.005]and RAC1copy number loss/deletion(HR:0.22,95%CI:0.06-0.83,P=0.026)as independent predictors of RFS.Higher fructose/mannose metabolism was associated with worse overall survival(HR:1.30,95%CI:1.01-1.68,P=0.045).Our findings emphasize the association between biological determinants and prolonged survival in patients with TNBC.Conclusions:Our study systematically identified the key molecular and metabolic features associated with prolonged survival in AJCC stage III TNBC,suggesting potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.
文摘Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications.By drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42075177)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFC0210003).
文摘Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-long(2015–2022)surface ozone observation data,we attempted to reveal the variation ofmultiple timescale components using the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter,and the effects of meteorology and emissions were quantitatively isolated using multiple linear regression with meteorological variables.The results showed that the short-term,seasonal,and long-term components accounted for daily maximum 8-hr average O_(3)(O_(3–8)hr)concentration,46.4%,45.9%,and 1.0%,respectively.The meteorological impacts account for an average of 71.8%of O_(3–8)hr,and the YRD’s eastern and northern sections aremeteorology-sensitive areas.Based on statistical analysis technology with empirical orthogonal function,the contribution of meteorology,local emission,and transport in the long-term component of O_(3–8)hr were 0.21%,0.12%,and 0.6%,respectively.The spatiotemporal analysis indicated that a distinct decreasing spatial pattern could be observed from coastal cities towards the northwest,influenced by the monsoon and synoptic conditions.The central urban agglomeration north and south of the YRD was particularly susceptible to local pollution.Among the cities studied,Shanghai,Anqing,and Xuancheng,located at similar latitudes,were significantly impacted by atmospheric transmission—the contribution of Shanghai,the maximum accounting for 3.6%.
基金funded by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42371433,U2443214)National Key Project of High-Resolution Earth Observation System of China(Grant No.80Y50G19900122/23)Foundation of Key Laboratory of Soil andWater Conservation on the Loess Plateau ofMinistry ofWater Resources(Grant No.WSCLP202301).
文摘Ensuring the provision of accessible,affordable,and high-quality public services to all individuals aligns with one of the paramount aims of the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).In the face of esca lating urbanization and a dwindling rural populace in China,reconstructing rural settlements to enhance public service accessibility has become a fundamental strategy for achieving the SDGs in rural areas.However,few stud ies have examined the optimal methods for rural settlement reconstruction that ensure accessible and equitable public services while considering multiple existing facilities and service provisions.This paper focuses on rural settlement reconstruction in the context of the SDGs,employing an inverted MCLP-CC(maximal coverage loca tion problem for complementary coverage)model to identify optimal rural settlements and a rank-based method for their relocation.Conducted in Changyuan,a county-level city in Henan Province,China,this study observed significant enhancements in both accessibility and equity following rural settlement reconstruction by utilizing the MH3SFCA(modified Huff 3-step floating catchment area)and the spatial Lorenz curve method.Remarkably,these improvements were achieved without the addition of new facilities,with the accessibility increasing by 44.21%,4.97%,and 3.11%;Gini coefficients decreasing by 19.53%,1.64%,and 3.18%;Ricci-Schutz coef-ficients decreasing by 21.09%,2.09%,and 4.33%for educational,medical,and cultural and sports facilities,respectively.It indicated that rural settlement reconstruction can bolster the accessibility and equity of public ser-vices by leveraging existing facilities.This paper provides a new framework for stakeholders to better reconstruct rural settlements and promote sustainable development in rural areas in China.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2024JJ1012)the Postgraduate Innovative Project of Central South University,China(No.2023ZZTS0459)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1803605)。
文摘Slow-release phosphate materials were prepared by activating insoluble phosphate with organic acid to stabilize high concentrations of Cd and Zn in contaminated smelter soil.The results showed that oxalic acid(0.1 mol/L)activated tricalcium phosphate(TO-0.1)provided the most efficient stabilization of Cd and Zn.After 30 d treatment,leaching concentrations of Cd and Zn in soil were decreased from 3.17 and 16.60 mg/L to 0.078 and 0.32 mg/L,respectively.The acid-soluble fractions of Cd and Zn were transformed into reducible,oxidizable,and residual fractions.Notably,As mobility in TO-0.1 treated soils did not increase.In addition,acid rain leaching and 150 d of natural aging revealed that the slow-release phosphate material provided long-term stability for the stabilization of Cd and Zn.This study verifies the potential application of slow-release phosphate materials for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil at smelting sites.
文摘Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations of intraocular lens (IOL) opacity after cataract surgery through case reports, and to explore its pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment ideas, so as to provide a basis for the early diagnosis and correct treatment of IOL opacity. Methods: The clinical data of one patient diagnosed with IOL opacity and underwent intraocular lens replacement in the Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities in December 2023 were reported. The characteristics of IOL opacity were observed, and the research progress and pathogenesis of IOL opacity were understood by consulting the literature. Results: This patient is the first case of IOL opacity in our hospital. The specific reason is unclear. It is considered to be related to the IOL material. Conclusion: Hydrophilic acrylic IOL is widely used in clinic because of its good histocompatibility. However, due to its hydrophilicity, there are more cases of IOL opacity than other types of IOL. At present, there is no unified conclusion on the etiology and mechanism of IOL opacity. IOL opacity can seriously affect vision and is easily misdiagnosed as a posterior cataract. We should fully disperse the large pupil and carefully observe under the slit lamp. The most effective treatment for this disease is IOL replacement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U19A2044,42105132,42030609,41975037)the National Key Research and Development Programof China(No.2022YFC3700303).
文摘The Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region has witnessed a consistent decrease in NO_(2),CO,and PM_(2.5) from 2016 to 2023.However,ozone has exhibited fluctuating patterns.Quantifying ozone contributions from emissions,both within and outside the YRD,is essential for understanding city-cluster-scale ozone pollution(CCSOP).To address these concerns,a comprehensive approach combining Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filtering,Empirical Orthogonal Function,Absolute Principal Component Score,andMultiple Linear Regression methods(KZ-EOF-APCs-MLR)was employed to quantify the impacts of meteorological factors,local and non-local emission contributions of ozone(LECO and NECO).Emission changes were identified as the predominant factor shaping annual fluctuations in ambient ozone.Notably,during the previous andmiddle stages of the COVID-19 pandemic(from2017 to 2021),emissions reductions led to a marked decrease in YRD ozone levels(-7.01μg/m^(3)),with a pronounced rebound post-pandemic(2022 to 2023)(+8.04μg/m^(3)).Seasonally,the emissioninduced ozone exhibited fluctuating upward trend during autumn and winter,suggesting a transition of ozone pollution towards colder seasons.Spatially,high LECO concentrated in the eastern YRD(EYRD)across spring,autumn,and winter,becoming prominent in the central YRD(CYRD)during summer.During CCSOP,the CYRD exhibited the highest LECO and exceedance frequency(20.82μg/m^(3) and 45.27%).LECO explained a large portion of ozone variability during CCSOP,particularly in the EYRD,while NECO showed less explanatory power but consistently high contributions(148.05±15.52μg/m^(3)).These findings offer valuable insights for a deeper understanding of the evolving patterns of ozone pollution and the issue of CCSOP in the YRD.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.52478467and 52108417Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant No.2024A1515012569the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi under Grant No.2021JQ-101。
文摘A ground girder is laid on the preprocessed subgrade by gravity compaction and integrally uniformly supported by subgrade in maglev transit.The settlement of the maglev subgrade inevitably affects the vibration state of the medium and low speed maglev coupled system by the additional deformation of the maglev track.This study investigated the dynamic properties of the coupled vibration system affected by the subgrade settlement.First,a theoretical coupled vibration model of a maglev train-track-ground girder system with uneven subgrade settlement was proposed and verified.Then,the effect mechanism of the coupled system caused by the uneven subgrade settlement was explored.Finally,settlement types and subgrade support voiding were examined.The analysis showed that the uneven subgrade settlement considerably increased the dynamic responses of the levitation control system and maglev vehicle while having a minor influence on those of the track-ground girder.The influence of a single ground girder settling was the strongest,and adjacent sides’settling of two ground girders was the weakest for the vibration of a maglev train.An extremely large uneven settlement exceeding 6 mm led to active levitation control system instability.The subgrade support voiding enlarged the vehicle-induced vibration of the track ground girder.
文摘This study focused on realizing Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)6 for inclusive clean water and sanitation;in particular Target 6.3,which aims to reduce untreated wastewater by 2030 while promoting circular wastewater reuse and recycling globally.The main objective was to assess the adequacy and efficiency of communal septic tank systems in informal settlements while helping local planners and authorities in their decision-making regarding Target 6.3.Quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed with secondary data from previous researchers,and primary data were collected from field surveys,observations,and interviews with members of the local community.The research was delimited to two village administrative divisions known as Rukun Warga(Village Administrative Division,RW):RW 7 and RW 8 of Lebak Siliwangi Kampung in Coblong District,Bandung,West Java,Indonesia.The findings were also compared with situations in other informal settlements in Brazil,Bangladesh,and Nairobi.The results indicated the inadequacy of communal septic tanks in informal settlements due to factors such as substandard system design,limited support and communication between authorities and residents,and the gap between septic tank availability and capacity vis-a-vis demand.Other limiting factors included limited land availability and irregular geomorphology,the latter of which affected the siting and operation of septic tanks due a lack of room for upgrades or expansion in response to continuous population growth.These findings illustrate the need to complement communal septic systems with flexible centralized or decentralized systems to achieve Target 6.3 of SDG 6.
基金Supported by the Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ202204005)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.121311KYSB20190029)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2006206,32371619)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.133137KYSB20200002)。
文摘To better understand the spatial variations in phytoplankton abundance and community structure and their relationship with environmental parameters in Jiaozhou Bay,Yellow Sea,in Shandong,East China,observations were conducted to estimate abundance of net-phytoplankton and key groups along with environmental parameters in three typical sites in seasonal survey from 2004 to 2016 in the bay.The spatial patterns of phytoplankton abundance differed obviously between the inner and the outer bay.The abundance of total phytoplankton and diatoms increased obviously in the northern part of the bay,while decreased in the southern part and outer bay.An increase in dinoflagellate abundance was obvious in the outer bay.Variations in the dynamics of phytoplankton abundance could be largely explained by the succession of chain-forming diatoms and dinoflagellates.The key chain forming diatom groups Chaetoceros and Thalassiosira increased markedly,especially in winter in the northern part of the bay,while in the southern part and the outer bay,Chaetoceros declined.Besides,the key dinoflagellate groups Ceratium and Noctiluca increased noticeably,resulting in a significant increase in the dinoflagellate/diatom ratio in the outer bay.These variations has a significant correlation with environmental variables of surface seawater temperature,phosphorus,nitrogen,salinity,and N/Si ratio(P<0.05).For the key groups,temperature was the primary driver of dinoflagellate abundance,while the N/P ratio was critical for chain-forming diatoms.The abundance of phytoplankton showed a clear spatial pattern and associated obviously with environmental factors in the marine ecosystems,offering insights into coastal ecosystem management and conservation strategies.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(RS-2024-00333618 and RS-2023-00240999)a Korea University Grantthe Institute of Biomedical Science&Food Safety,CJ-Korea University Food Safety Hall at Korea University,Republic of Korea。
文摘This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce.Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collected from large-scale fermentation tanks with fermentation periods of up to 7.87 years.The complex bacterial community was simplified to two genera,Tetragenococcus and Halanaerobium,after approximately 0.55 years of fermentation.Although genera,such as Saccharomyces,Cladosporium,Candida,and Aspergillus,were relatively dominant,no clear pattern was identified in fungal community analysis.The longitudinal metabolite profile demonstrated that approximately half(55.8%)of the metabolites present in anchovy sauce were produced within a year of fermentation due to rapid fermentation.Despite the static microbial community,the contents of several metabolites including amino acids and biogenic amines changed continuously during the long-term fermentation of anchovy sauce.This study provides novel insights into the changes in microbiota and metabolites in fish sauce produced without any starter inoculation.
文摘Background:Long-term exposure to light has emerged as a novel risk factor for metabolic diseases.The whitening of brown adipose tissue(BAT)may play an important role in metabolic disorders caused by long-term continuous light exposure.This study aimed to investigate the morphological and functional alterations in BAT under continuous light conditions and to identify traditional Chinese medicine compounds capable of reversing these changes.Methods:A metabolic disorder model was established by subjecting mice to continuous light exposure for 5 weeks.During this period,body weight,food intake,and body fat percentage were monitored.Serum levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were measured to assess lipid metabolism.Histological changes in BAT were examined using H&E staining.The expression of the thermogenic marker uncoupling protein 1(UCP1)in BAT was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot to evaluate thermogenic function.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)was employed to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)involved in BAT whitening induced by prolonged continuous light exposure.DEGs were analyzed using the connectivity map(CMap)database to identify potential preventive and therapeutic compounds.The therapeutic efficacy of the selected compounds was subsequently evaluated using the above indicators,and key pathways were validated through western blot analysis.Results:After 5 weeks of continuous light exposure,mice exhibited increased body fat percentage and serum levels of TG,impaired mitochondrial function,reduced thermogenic capacity,and whitening of BAT.Gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses indicated that BAT whitening was primarily associated with the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)signaling pathway,fatty acid metabolism,and circadian rhythm.Ten hub genes identified using Cytoscape were mainly related to AMPK signaling and heat shock proteins.In vivo experiments showed that cordycepin significantly attenuated the increase in body fat percentage caused by prolonged light exposure.This effect was mediated by activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α/UCP1 signaling pathway,which restored the multilocular morphology and thermogenic function of BAT.Conclusion:Cordycepin mitigates continuous light-induced BAT whitening and metabolic disturbances by activating the AMPK signaling pathway.
文摘In contemporary geotechnical projects,various approaches are employed for forecasting the settlement of shallow foundations(S_(m)).However,achieving precise modeling of foundation behavior using certain techniques(such as analytical,numerical,and regression)is challenging and sometimes unattainable.This is primarily due to the inherent nonlinearity of the model,the intricate nature of geotechnical materials,the complex interaction between soil and foundation,and the inherent uncertainty in soil parameters.Therefore,thesemethods often introduce assumptions and simplifications,resulting in relationships that deviate from the actual problem’s reality.In addition,many of these methods demand significant investments of time and resources but neglect to account for the uncertainty inherent in soil/rock parameters.This study explores the application of innovative intelligent techniques to predict S_(m) to address these shortcomings.Specifically,two optimization algorithms,namely teaching-learning-based optimization(TLBO)and harmony search(HS),are harnessed for this purpose.The modeling process involves utilizing input parameters,such as thewidth of the footing(B),the pressure exerted on the footing(q),the count of SPT(Standard Penetration Test)blows(N),the ratio of footing embedment(Df/B),and the footing’s geometry(L/B),during the training phase with a dataset comprising 151 data points.Then,the models’accuracy is assessed during the testing phase using statistical metrics,including the coefficient of determination(R^(2)),mean square error(MSE),and rootmean square error(RMSE),based on a dataset of 38 data points.The findings of this investigation underscore the substantial efficacy of intelligent optimization algorithms as valuable tools for geotechnical engineers when estimating S_(m).In addition,a sensitivity analysis of the input parameters in S_(m) estimation is conducted using@RISK software,revealing that among the various input parameters,the N exerts the most pronounced influence on S_(m).
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a major global health issue,and the perioperative period critic-ally influences patient outcomes.The different effects of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia and propofol total intravenous anesthesia on intraoperative stability,postoperative complications,and long-term oncologic outcomes in patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical gastrectomy remain unclear.AIM To compare the effects of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia and propofol total in-travenous anesthesia on clinical outcomes,including intraoperative indicators,postoperative complications,adverse effects,pain scores,and survival.METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study included 204 patients who underw-ent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer from February 2019 to December 2022.Patients were assigned to either the sevoflurane group(n=103)or the propofol group(n=101)based on intraoperative anesthetic regimen.Standardized protoc-ols for anesthesia management,intraoperative monitoring,and postoperative analgesia were applied.Baseline characteristics;intraoperative metrics;adverse events;complications;Visual Analog Scale(VAS)scores at 2,4,6,24,and 48 hours;and survival outcomes were retrospectively collected.Group comparisons were performed usingχ2 for categorical variables,t test for continuous variables,RESULTS Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between groups.No significant differences were observed in intraoperative indicators or most 30-day postoperative outcomes,including length of stay,emergency department visits,and readmission rates.The propofol group showed elevated mean VAS pain score at 24 hours postoperatively,but no differences were found at other time points.The propofol group also had significantly higher postoperative nausea incidence and transiently higher systolic/diastolic blood pressure and heart rate at the time of incision than the sevoflurane group.No significant differences were seen in overall rates or severity of postoperative complications,intraoperative adverse events,or in overall survival and progression-free survival.CONCLUSION In patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer,sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia demonstrated similar profiles regarding intraoperative safety,postoperative complications,adverse events,postoperative pain,and long-term survival.The selection of anesthesia can be personalized without significantly affecting periop-erative or oncologic outcomes.
文摘Solar radiation data forecasting algorithms are important,especially in developing countries,as vast solar power plants cannot measure reliable and constant solar irradiance.The challenges of solar irradiance prediction may be resolved by machine learning using weather datasets.This study emphasises the daily and monthly global solar radiation data predictions of three locations,Pretoria,Bloemfontein,and Vuwani,at different provinces in South Africa with various solar radiation distributions.The study evaluated five different machine learning models.Forecasting models were established to evaluate global solar radiation,focusing on input data.The selected forecast models are centered on their ability to perform with time series data.These models use five years of data from meteorological parameters,such as global horizontal irradiance(GHI),relative humidity,wind speed and ambient temperature between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022.The datasets from these meteorological parameters are utilised for training and testing the employed algorithms,which are examined using five statistical metrics.Moreover,the inconsistency of the solar irradiance time series was equally assessed using the clearness index.The results from this study demonstrate that the R2 value recording 0.866 datasets in Bloemfontein of random forest algorithm presents the highest performance during the training processes for all models studied,while the random tree in Vuwani showed the lowest performance of R2 of 0.210 with other algorithms in testing processes.Additionally,the maximum solar radiation was found in December for both Pretoria and Bloemfontein,recorded as 5.347 and 5.844 kWh/m2/day,respectively,while it was 4.692 kWh/m2/day at Vuwani in January.Similarly,the average clearness index of 0.605,0.657 and 0.533 are obtained at Pretoria,Bloemfontein,and Vuwani,respectively.Among the three sites under study,the solar radiation and clearness index are higher in Bloemfontein.Therefore,the proposed algorithms could be used conveniently for short-and long-term solar power plants in South Africa.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072486 and 31971424)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20240511)。
文摘To ensure the reliability of learned information,most insects require multiple intervals of experience before storing the information as long-term memory(LTM),and this requirement has been validated in insects from the behavioral to the molecular level.Recent studies have shown that some insects can form LTM after one-trial experience,although the mechanisms underlying one-trial LTM formation are not well understood.Therefore,understanding the mechanisms underlying rapid learning and subsequent preference formation in insects is crucial.Here we show that the agricultural pest Bactrocera dorsalis can rapidly form LTM,which is dependent on protein synthesis,and that the formation of LTM requires high energy support at the cost of reduced survival.Furthermore,based on a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)metabolomics approach,we found that LTM-related processes are sequentially coupled to two processes for energy generation,the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.This was further confirmed by blocking these energy generation processes.Our results provide a theoretical basis for the development of behavioral modulators in oriental fruit flies that target energy generation metabolites,as well as a new perspective on the rapid formation of LTM in insects.
