The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The mai...The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The main distribution area of the C. angulata is located in Fujian, South China. In total, 420 C. angulata were collected from 14 natural habitats(populations) along the Fujian coast, and their genetic diversity and structure were analyzed in the mitochondrial COI and nuclear gene ITS2 sequences. Results reveal that all the 14 populations of C. angulata exhibited high levels of genetic diversity, with a total of 57(haplotype diversity: 0.811±0.016) and 124(haplotype diversity: 0.912±0.007) haplotypes revealed by COI and ITS2, respectively. Notably, significant intermediate level of genetic differentiations between the Ningde Zhujiang(ZJ) population(FS T by COI: 0.035–0.142, P<0.05;FS T by ITS2: 0.078–0.123, P<0.05) with other populations were observed for the first time, which is also supported by the results of molecular variance analysis(FC T by COI: 0.105, P<0.05;FC T by ITS2: 0.086, P<0.05) and the clustering of the ZJ population into distinct branches in the interpopulation genetic differentiation tree. Furthermore, the evolutionary tree and haplotype network analyses do not support the formation of a clear geographical genealogical structure among these 14 populations. In addition, the population dynamics analysis suggests that the C. angulata may have undergone expansion during the third ice age of the Pleistocene. These results provide a reference for the preservation and further genetic improvement of C. angulata.展开更多
We sought to determine risk factors associated with fetal macrosomia and to explore the long-term consequence of infant macrosomia at the age of 7 years.A prospective population based cohort study was designed to exam...We sought to determine risk factors associated with fetal macrosomia and to explore the long-term consequence of infant macrosomia at the age of 7 years.A prospective population based cohort study was designed to examine the associations between maternal and perinatal characteristics and the risk of macrosomia.A nested case-control study was conducted to explore the long-term health consequence of infant macrosomia.The mean maternal age of the macrosomia group was 24.74±3.32 years,which is slightly older than that in the control group（24.35±3.14 years,P = 0.000）.The mean maternal body mass index（BMI） at early pregnancy was 22.75±2.81 kg/m 2,which was also higher than that in the control group（21.76±2.59 kg/m 2,P = 0.000）.About 64.6% of macrosomic neonates were males,compared with 51.0% in the control group（P = 0.000）.Compared with women with normal weight（BMI：18.5-23.9 kg/m 2）,women who were overweight（BMI：24-27.9 kg/m 2） or obese（BMI ≥ 28 kg/m 2）,respectively,had a 1.69-fold（P = 0.000） and a 1.49-fold（P = 0.000） increased risks of having a neonate with macrosomia,while light weight（BMI〈18.5 kg/m 2） women had an approximately 50% reduction of the risk.Furthermore,macrosomia infant had a 1.52-fold and 1.50-fold risk,respectively,of developing overweight or obesity at the age of 7 years（P = 0.001 and P = 0.000）.Older maternal age,higher maternal BMI at early pregnancy and male gender were independent risk factors of macrosomia.Macrosomic infant was associated with an increased predisposition to develop overweight or obesity at the beginning of their childhood.展开更多
Binary sequences constructed by Legendre symbols are widely used in communication and cryptography since they have many good pseudo-random properties.In this paper,we determine the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequenc...Binary sequences constructed by Legendre symbols are widely used in communication and cryptography since they have many good pseudo-random properties.In this paper,we determine the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequence of any k many Legendre sequences and show that the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequences of any k many Legendre sequences reaches the maximum by proving the case of k=2 and 3,which implies that the sum sequences can resist the attack of rational approximation algorithm.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce non-abelian cohomology groups and classify the nonabelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras in terms of non-abelian cohomology groups.Next,we explore the inducibility of pairs of au...In this paper,we introduce non-abelian cohomology groups and classify the nonabelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras in terms of non-abelian cohomology groups.Next,we explore the inducibility of pairs of automorphisms and derive the analog Wells exact sequences under the circumstance of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras.Finally,we discuss the inducibility problem of pairs of automorphisms about an abelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras.展开更多
Global brain ischemia and neurological deficit are consequences of cardiac arrest that lead to high mortality.Despite advancements in resuscitation science,our limited understanding of the cellular and molecular mecha...Global brain ischemia and neurological deficit are consequences of cardiac arrest that lead to high mortality.Despite advancements in resuscitation science,our limited understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying post-cardiac arrest brain injury have hindered the development of effective neuroprotective strategies.Previous studies primarily focused on neuronal death,potentially overlooking the contributions of non-neuronal cells and intercellular communication to the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest-induced brain injury.To address these gaps,we hypothesized that single-cell transcriptomic analysis could uncover previously unidentified cellular subpopulations,altered cell communication networks,and novel molecular mechanisms involved in post-cardiac arrest brain injury.In this study,we performed a single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the hippocampus from pigs with ventricular fibrillation-induced cardiac arrest at 6 and 24 hours following the return of spontaneous circulation,and from sham control pigs.Sequencing results revealed changes in the proportions of different cell types,suggesting post-arrest disruption in the blood-brain barrier and infiltration of neutrophils.These results were validated through western blotting,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and immunofluorescence staining.We also identified and validated a unique subcluster of activated microglia with high expression of S100A8,which increased over time following cardiac arrest.This subcluster simultaneously exhibited significant M1/M2 polarization and expressed key functional genes related to chemokines and interleukins.Additionally,we revealed the post-cardiac arrest dysfunction of oligodendrocytes and the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into oligodendrocytes.Cell communication analysis identified enhanced post-cardiac arrest communication between neutrophils and microglia that was mediated by neutrophil-derived resistin,driving pro-inflammatory microglial polarization.Our findings provide a comprehensive single-cell map of the post-cardiac arrest hippocampus,offering potential novel targets for neuroprotection and repair following cardiac arrest.展开更多
Viral infectious diseases have become an increased public health issue in the past 20 years.The outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARSCoV-1)in 2002,influenza H1N1 in 2009,Middle East respirato...Viral infectious diseases have become an increased public health issue in the past 20 years.The outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARSCoV-1)in 2002,influenza H1N1 in 2009,Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV in 2012,and the current new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have shown that viral infectious diseases are a major concern in the 21st century.As the world lives under the pandemic of a new coronavirus(COVID-19),knowing the clinical characteristics from those past diseases and their long-term outcomes is important to understand the current coronavirus pandemic and its complications and consequences better and plan for possible future outbreaks.Several long-term complications have been described with these respiratory viral diseases,such as decreased pulmonary function,pulmonary fibrosis,chronic fatigue syndrome,avascular necrosis of bone,polyneuropathy,encephalitis,posttraumatic stress disorder,depression,and anxiety.This article summarizes several studies describing chronic complications and long-term outcomes of patients recovered from these viral syndromes.展开更多
Investigations into the long-term creep behavior of Beishan granite in uniaxial compression were conducted.Four levels of axial stress(60,70,87,and 95 MPa)were applied to rock specimens.Contrasting with earlier resear...Investigations into the long-term creep behavior of Beishan granite in uniaxial compression were conducted.Four levels of axial stress(60,70,87,and 95 MPa)were applied to rock specimens.Contrasting with earlier research,the long-term creep data in this work present a substantial advancement in the time dimension.Except for the sample subjected to 60 MPa axial loading,which did not fail after a loading duration of 1650 d,the specimens under the other three stresses all failed after sustained constant loading durations of 1204,1023,and 839 d,respectively.A lower envelope of driving stress-ratio for crystalline rocks was obtained,tending towards approximately 0.45 over an infinite time scale.According to the experimental results,as axial stress increases,both the axial strain accumulated in the transient creep process and the strain rate associated with steady-state creep deformation increase exponentially;however,the share of steady-state creep strain remains nearly constant at about82.53%.A novel damage-based creep model was put forward.It provides an enhanced depiction of the comprehensive creep process in rocks,notably improving the accuracy in forecasting the accelerated creep phase,which significantly impacts the long-term stability of engineering structures.展开更多
In this study,we introduce the sequence space l^(μ)(p,Δ^(m)) with a fractional order μ.Furthermore,we give some topological properties of this space.Also we introduce α-,β-,andγ-duals of l^(μ)(p,Δ^(m)) and its...In this study,we introduce the sequence space l^(μ)(p,Δ^(m)) with a fractional order μ.Furthermore,we give some topological properties of this space.Also we introduce α-,β-,andγ-duals of l^(μ)(p,Δ^(m)) and its some matrix mappings.展开更多
While oceanic and coastal acidification has gained increased attention,long-term pH trends and their drivers in large freshwater systems remain poorly understood.The Laurentian Great Lakes are the world’s largest fre...While oceanic and coastal acidification has gained increased attention,long-term pH trends and their drivers in large freshwater systems remain poorly understood.The Laurentian Great Lakes are the world’s largest freshwater system,and in many ways resemble marine ecosystems.However,unlike the open ocean and coastal waters where pH has declined due to rising atmospheric CO_(2),no significant pH trends have been observed in the Laurentian Great Lakes,despite significant ecosystem changes driven partly by the invasion of dreissenid mussels.This study examined 41 years of field observations from Lake Michigan to investigate the long-term carbonate chemistry dynamics.Observational results revealed substantial declines in both total alkalinity(TA)and dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)over the four decades.Mussel shell calcification emerged as the primary mechanism behind these declines,accounting for 97%and 47%of the observed changes in TA and DIC,respectively,lowering water column pH by 0.24 units.Elevated carbon accumulation in soft mussel tissues,coupled with long-term changes in the air-water pCO_(2)gradient during summer,significantly contributed to long-term DIC variations,explaining 18%and 28%of the lake-wide DIC loss.These two mechanisms also resulted in an overall pH increase of 0.09 and 0.12 units,largely offsetting the calcification-driven pH decrease.These findings bridge a gap in acidification research for large freshwater systems and provide valuable insights for comprehensive lake-wide management strategies.展开更多
Tuberculosis(TB)continues to pose a significant threat to global public health,necessitating rapid and precise diagnostic methods and comprehensive detection of antimicrobial resistance(AMR)to facilitate timely clinic...Tuberculosis(TB)continues to pose a significant threat to global public health,necessitating rapid and precise diagnostic methods and comprehensive detection of antimicrobial resistance(AMR)to facilitate timely clinical management.Traditional diagnostic techniques suffer from extended turnaround times and limited ability to comprehensively profile AMR,often resulting in delayed therapeutic interventions.Highthroughput sequencing(HTS)technologies have revolutionized pathogen research by significantly improving diagnostic speed and accuracy.In the context of TB,diverse sequencing strategies and platforms are being employed to fulfill specific research goals,ranging from elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying AMR to characterizing the genomic diversity among clinical isolates.This review systematically examines current progress in the application of HTS for rapid pathogen identification,comprehensive AMR profiling,epidemiological studies,advances in novel drugs,and vaccine development.Furthermore,we address existing technological limitations and bioinformatics challenges and explore the future directions necessary for effectively integrating HTS-based methodologies into global TB control efforts.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the long-term prognosis and postoperative cosmetic outcomes of breast-conserving surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with early-stage breast cancer,providing a referen...Objective:To investigate the long-term prognosis and postoperative cosmetic outcomes of breast-conserving surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with early-stage breast cancer,providing a reference for the selection of clinical treatment plans.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 68 patients with early-stage breast cancer admitted from January 2022 to December 2025.Based on the surgical approach,patients were divided into an observation group(breast-conserving surgery+sentinel lymph node biopsy)and a control group(other surgical methods such as modified radical mastectomy/total mastectomy).Clinical and pathological characteristics,incidence of postoperative complications,follow-up prognosis,and satisfaction with cosmetic outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:Among the 68 patients,41 were in the observation group and 27 in the control group.The average age of patients in the observation group was(54.32±8.15)years,while that in the control group was(62.45±9.76)years.The average tumor size in the observation group was(1.86±0.72)cm,compared to(3.21±1.45)cm in the control group.The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 9.76%,significantly lower than that in the control group at 33.33%(P<0.05).The 6-month disease-free survival rate was 95.12%in the observation group and 88.89%in the control group,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The excellent and good rate of cosmetic outcomes in the observation group was 87.80%,significantly higher than that in the control group at 29.63%(P<0.05).Conclusion:Breast-conserving surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy for early-stage breast cancer can achieve long-term prognostic outcomes comparable to those of traditional radical surgery,with the advantages of fewer postoperative complications and superior cosmetic results.This approach is worthy of clinical promotion and application,particularly for early-stage breast cancer patients who have a demand for preserving breast morphology.展开更多
Background Fusion genes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia(AML).This study investigated the utility of targeted next-generation sequencing(NGS)of RNA for detecting rare and unknown fusio...Background Fusion genes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia(AML).This study investigated the utility of targeted next-generation sequencing(NGS)of RNA for detecting rare and unknown fusion genes in patients with AML.Methods A total of 85 adult AML samples previously identified as fusion gene-negative by multiplex nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were subjected to NGS analysis.Results Fusion genes were detected in 21 of 72(29.2%)patients.Among the 26 primary refractory patients,11(42.3%)exhibited fusion genes,whereas among the 18 relapsed patients,fusion genes were identified in five(27.8%).Notably,lysine methyltransferase 2A(KMT2A)and nucleoporin 98(NUP98)rearrangements were enriched in refractory/relapsed patients.Additionally,recurrent fusion transcripts involving eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1(EIF4A1)were identified.The identification of additional fusion genes resulted in an approximate 20.8%(11/53)reclassification of medium-risk karyotypes to the high-risk category,thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy.Conclusions Targeted NGS may complement conventional methods for identifying novel fusions in refractory/relapsed AML;however,its prognostic value requires validation in prospective controlled trials.展开更多
Taking the rural low-income population of Zhejiang Province as its subject, this paper examines how to build a sustainable income-growth mechanism and identify feasible implementation paths within the context of the c...Taking the rural low-income population of Zhejiang Province as its subject, this paper examines how to build a sustainable income-growth mechanism and identify feasible implementation paths within the context of the common prosperity strategy. The research identifies key obstacles to income expansion, including an undiversified industrial structure, insufficient human capital, and a lack of robust social protection. These call for systemic solutions featuring institutional innovation, resource consolidation, and capability enhancement. Building on Zhejiang's experience as a common prosperity demonstration zone, the article constructs an integrated framework centered on four pillars: industrial empowerment, education upgrading, social security reinforcement, and digital coordination. It further offers concrete policy proposals involving the cultivation of localized industries, vocational skill training, enhanced safety nets, and the adoption of digital tools. The study thus offers both theoretical insights and practical paradigms for tackling the challenge of raising incomes in low-income rural areas.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longit...AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longitudinal observational study,detailed medical histories of APAC patients and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations at final followup were collected.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of blindness.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine risk factors associated with visual outcomes.RESULTS:This study included 39 affected eyes of 31 subjects(26 females)with an average age of 74.1±8.0y.At 6.7±4.2y after APAC attack,2(5.7%)eyes had bestcorrected visual acuity(VA)worse than 3/60.Advanced glaucomatous visual field loss was observed in 15(39.5%)affected eyes and 5(25.0%)fellow eyes.Nine affected eyes(23.7%)had GON,and 11(28.9%)were blind.Six(15.4%)affected eyes and 2(9.1%)fellow eyes had suspicious progression.A significantly higher blindness rate in factory workers compared to office workers.Logistic regression identified that worse VA at attack(OR 10.568,95%CI 1.288-86.695;P=0.028)and worse early postoperative VA(OR 13.214,95%CI 1.157-150.881;P=0.038)were risk factors for blindness.Multivariate regression showed that longer duration of elevated intraocular pressure(P=0.004)and worse early postoperative VA(P=0.009)were associated with worse visual outcomes.CONCLUSION:Despite LE surgery,some APAC patients experience continued visual function deterioration.Lifelong monitoring is necessary.Target pressure and progression rates should be re-evaluated during follow-up.展开更多
Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a subtype of stroke that causes severe neurological damage and is associated with poor long-term prognosis.Cognitive impairment is a major manifestation of long-term neurological dysfunction...Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a subtype of stroke that causes severe neurological damage and is associated with poor long-term prognosis.Cognitive impairment is a major manifestation of long-term neurological dysfunction in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.However,there is notable absence of biological markers to predict long-term prognosis in this patient population.Given the aging-like neurocognitive phenomena associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage,this study postulates that telomere length,a recognized biomarker for aging,could be used as a prognostic indicator for subarachnoid hemorrhage.A left internal carotid artery intravascular puncture mouse model was used to simulate subarachnoid hemorrhage.Comprehensive neurological test scores were obtained through neurobehavioral assessments conducted at one-month intervals.Concurrently,the relative telomere length was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction,which was performed using DNA extracted from ear notch and brain tissue after each assessment.Furthermore,proteomic analysis was employed to investigate differential protein expression in hippocampal tissue.Subarachnoid hemorrhage mice exhibited persistent neurocognitive impairment over a prolonged period of time.There was a significant positive correlation between telomere length and neurological test scores,confirming the usefulness of telomere length as a prognostic indicator in subarachnoid hemorrhage.Hippocampal tissue from subarachnoid hemorrhage mice showed reduced expression of acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase-2 and abnormalities in the expression of proteins related to ribosomes,energy metabolism,and cellular signal transduction.This study confirmed telomere shortening in the brain and metabolic disturbances in the hippocampi of subarachnoid hemorrhage mice.Thus,telomere length is a predictive marker for long-term impairment of cognitive function in mice following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.展开更多
As an important resource in data link,time slots should be strategically allocated to enhance transmission efficiency and resist eavesdropping,especially considering the tremendous increase in the number of nodes and ...As an important resource in data link,time slots should be strategically allocated to enhance transmission efficiency and resist eavesdropping,especially considering the tremendous increase in the number of nodes and diverse communication needs.It is crucial to design control sequences with robust randomness and conflict-freeness to properly address differentiated access control in data link.In this paper,we propose a hierarchical access control scheme based on control sequences to achieve high utilization of time slots and differentiated access control.A theoretical bound of the hierarchical control sequence set is derived to characterize the constraints on the parameters of the sequence set.Moreover,two classes of optimal hierarchical control sequence sets satisfying the theoretical bound are constructed,both of which enable the scheme to achieve maximum utilization of time slots.Compared with the fixed time slot allocation scheme,our scheme reduces the symbol error rate by up to 9%,which indicates a significant improvement in anti-interference and eavesdropping capabilities.展开更多
Natural hybridization is known to play a vital role in speciation;however,the mechanisms underlying the early stages of natural hybridization remain unclear.Where two plant species come into contact,two driving forces...Natural hybridization is known to play a vital role in speciation;however,the mechanisms underlying the early stages of natural hybridization remain unclear.Where two plant species come into contact,two driving forces may balance the dynamic consequences of hybridization:fusion by hybridization-mediated gene flow,and separation by reproductive isolation(RI)(Ma et al.,2010a,b;Chang et al.,2022).展开更多
In this paper,we offer a new construction of Stefan’s homological spectral sequence for Hopf Galois extensions,by using the double complex argument.Under the faithfully flat condition,a method for computation of Hoch...In this paper,we offer a new construction of Stefan’s homological spectral sequence for Hopf Galois extensions,by using the double complex argument.Under the faithfully flat condition,a method for computation of Hochschild homology is given.展开更多
The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of ...The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of pre-conceptional and early pregnancy screening initiatives for severe thalassemia prevention in a diverse population of 28,043 women.Using next-generation sequencing(NGS),we identify 4,226(15.07%)thalassemia carriers across 29 ethnic groups and categorize them into high-(0.75%),low-(25.86%),and unknown-risk(69.19%)groups based on their spouses'screening results.Post-screening follow-up reveals 59 fetuses with severe thalassemia exclusively in high-risk couples,underscoring the efficacy of risk classification.Among 25,053 live births over 6 months of age,two severe thalassemia infants were born to unknown-risk couples,which was attributed to incomplete screening and late NGS-based testing for a rare variant.Notably,64 rare variants are identified in 287 individuals,highlighting the genetic heterogeneity of thalassemia.We also observe that migrant flow significantly impacts carrier rates,with 93.90%of migrants to Chenzhou originating from high-prevalence regions in southern China.Our study demonstrates that NGS-based screening during pre-conception and early pregnancy is effective for severe thalassemia prevention,emphasizing the need for continuous screening efforts in areas with high and underestimated prevalence.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172979)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2021J05159)the 2023 Special Program for Promoting High-Quality Development of Marine and Fishery Industry in Fujian Province(No.PJHYF-L-2023-2)。
文摘The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The main distribution area of the C. angulata is located in Fujian, South China. In total, 420 C. angulata were collected from 14 natural habitats(populations) along the Fujian coast, and their genetic diversity and structure were analyzed in the mitochondrial COI and nuclear gene ITS2 sequences. Results reveal that all the 14 populations of C. angulata exhibited high levels of genetic diversity, with a total of 57(haplotype diversity: 0.811±0.016) and 124(haplotype diversity: 0.912±0.007) haplotypes revealed by COI and ITS2, respectively. Notably, significant intermediate level of genetic differentiations between the Ningde Zhujiang(ZJ) population(FS T by COI: 0.035–0.142, P<0.05;FS T by ITS2: 0.078–0.123, P<0.05) with other populations were observed for the first time, which is also supported by the results of molecular variance analysis(FC T by COI: 0.105, P<0.05;FC T by ITS2: 0.086, P<0.05) and the clustering of the ZJ population into distinct branches in the interpopulation genetic differentiation tree. Furthermore, the evolutionary tree and haplotype network analyses do not support the formation of a clear geographical genealogical structure among these 14 populations. In addition, the population dynamics analysis suggests that the C. angulata may have undergone expansion during the third ice age of the Pleistocene. These results provide a reference for the preservation and further genetic improvement of C. angulata.
基金supported by grants from the Jiangsu Birth Defects Intervention Program(No.JS200302)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2008501)
文摘We sought to determine risk factors associated with fetal macrosomia and to explore the long-term consequence of infant macrosomia at the age of 7 years.A prospective population based cohort study was designed to examine the associations between maternal and perinatal characteristics and the risk of macrosomia.A nested case-control study was conducted to explore the long-term health consequence of infant macrosomia.The mean maternal age of the macrosomia group was 24.74±3.32 years,which is slightly older than that in the control group（24.35±3.14 years,P = 0.000）.The mean maternal body mass index（BMI） at early pregnancy was 22.75±2.81 kg/m 2,which was also higher than that in the control group（21.76±2.59 kg/m 2,P = 0.000）.About 64.6% of macrosomic neonates were males,compared with 51.0% in the control group（P = 0.000）.Compared with women with normal weight（BMI：18.5-23.9 kg/m 2）,women who were overweight（BMI：24-27.9 kg/m 2） or obese（BMI ≥ 28 kg/m 2）,respectively,had a 1.69-fold（P = 0.000） and a 1.49-fold（P = 0.000） increased risks of having a neonate with macrosomia,while light weight（BMI〈18.5 kg/m 2） women had an approximately 50% reduction of the risk.Furthermore,macrosomia infant had a 1.52-fold and 1.50-fold risk,respectively,of developing overweight or obesity at the age of 7 years（P = 0.001 and P = 0.000）.Older maternal age,higher maternal BMI at early pregnancy and male gender were independent risk factors of macrosomia.Macrosomic infant was associated with an increased predisposition to develop overweight or obesity at the beginning of their childhood.
文摘Binary sequences constructed by Legendre symbols are widely used in communication and cryptography since they have many good pseudo-random properties.In this paper,we determine the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequence of any k many Legendre sequences and show that the 2-adic complexity of the sum sequences of any k many Legendre sequences reaches the maximum by proving the case of k=2 and 3,which implies that the sum sequences can resist the attack of rational approximation algorithm.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12161013)the School-Level Student Research Project of Guizhou University of Finance and Economics(Grant No.2024ZXSY239).
文摘In this paper,we introduce non-abelian cohomology groups and classify the nonabelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras in terms of non-abelian cohomology groups.Next,we explore the inducibility of pairs of automorphisms and derive the analog Wells exact sequences under the circumstance of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras.Finally,we discuss the inducibility problem of pairs of automorphisms about an abelian extensions of Rota-Baxter pre-Lie algebras.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China,Nos.82325031(to FX),82030059(to YC),82102290(to YG),U23A20485(to YC)Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2023ZD0505504(to FX),2023ZD0505500(to YC)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,No.2022ZLGX03(to YC).
文摘Global brain ischemia and neurological deficit are consequences of cardiac arrest that lead to high mortality.Despite advancements in resuscitation science,our limited understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying post-cardiac arrest brain injury have hindered the development of effective neuroprotective strategies.Previous studies primarily focused on neuronal death,potentially overlooking the contributions of non-neuronal cells and intercellular communication to the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest-induced brain injury.To address these gaps,we hypothesized that single-cell transcriptomic analysis could uncover previously unidentified cellular subpopulations,altered cell communication networks,and novel molecular mechanisms involved in post-cardiac arrest brain injury.In this study,we performed a single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the hippocampus from pigs with ventricular fibrillation-induced cardiac arrest at 6 and 24 hours following the return of spontaneous circulation,and from sham control pigs.Sequencing results revealed changes in the proportions of different cell types,suggesting post-arrest disruption in the blood-brain barrier and infiltration of neutrophils.These results were validated through western blotting,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and immunofluorescence staining.We also identified and validated a unique subcluster of activated microglia with high expression of S100A8,which increased over time following cardiac arrest.This subcluster simultaneously exhibited significant M1/M2 polarization and expressed key functional genes related to chemokines and interleukins.Additionally,we revealed the post-cardiac arrest dysfunction of oligodendrocytes and the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into oligodendrocytes.Cell communication analysis identified enhanced post-cardiac arrest communication between neutrophils and microglia that was mediated by neutrophil-derived resistin,driving pro-inflammatory microglial polarization.Our findings provide a comprehensive single-cell map of the post-cardiac arrest hippocampus,offering potential novel targets for neuroprotection and repair following cardiac arrest.
文摘Viral infectious diseases have become an increased public health issue in the past 20 years.The outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARSCoV-1)in 2002,influenza H1N1 in 2009,Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV in 2012,and the current new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have shown that viral infectious diseases are a major concern in the 21st century.As the world lives under the pandemic of a new coronavirus(COVID-19),knowing the clinical characteristics from those past diseases and their long-term outcomes is important to understand the current coronavirus pandemic and its complications and consequences better and plan for possible future outbreaks.Several long-term complications have been described with these respiratory viral diseases,such as decreased pulmonary function,pulmonary fibrosis,chronic fatigue syndrome,avascular necrosis of bone,polyneuropathy,encephalitis,posttraumatic stress disorder,depression,and anxiety.This article summarizes several studies describing chronic complications and long-term outcomes of patients recovered from these viral syndromes.
基金financially supported by the China Atomic Energy Authority(CAEA)through the Geological Disposal Programthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42307258)the China National Nuclear Corporation Fundamental Research Project(No.CNNC-JCYJ-202307)。
文摘Investigations into the long-term creep behavior of Beishan granite in uniaxial compression were conducted.Four levels of axial stress(60,70,87,and 95 MPa)were applied to rock specimens.Contrasting with earlier research,the long-term creep data in this work present a substantial advancement in the time dimension.Except for the sample subjected to 60 MPa axial loading,which did not fail after a loading duration of 1650 d,the specimens under the other three stresses all failed after sustained constant loading durations of 1204,1023,and 839 d,respectively.A lower envelope of driving stress-ratio for crystalline rocks was obtained,tending towards approximately 0.45 over an infinite time scale.According to the experimental results,as axial stress increases,both the axial strain accumulated in the transient creep process and the strain rate associated with steady-state creep deformation increase exponentially;however,the share of steady-state creep strain remains nearly constant at about82.53%.A novel damage-based creep model was put forward.It provides an enhanced depiction of the comprehensive creep process in rocks,notably improving the accuracy in forecasting the accelerated creep phase,which significantly impacts the long-term stability of engineering structures.
文摘In this study,we introduce the sequence space l^(μ)(p,Δ^(m)) with a fractional order μ.Furthermore,we give some topological properties of this space.Also we introduce α-,β-,andγ-duals of l^(μ)(p,Δ^(m)) and its some matrix mappings.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.43277051)the Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education(No.B230203006).
文摘While oceanic and coastal acidification has gained increased attention,long-term pH trends and their drivers in large freshwater systems remain poorly understood.The Laurentian Great Lakes are the world’s largest freshwater system,and in many ways resemble marine ecosystems.However,unlike the open ocean and coastal waters where pH has declined due to rising atmospheric CO_(2),no significant pH trends have been observed in the Laurentian Great Lakes,despite significant ecosystem changes driven partly by the invasion of dreissenid mussels.This study examined 41 years of field observations from Lake Michigan to investigate the long-term carbonate chemistry dynamics.Observational results revealed substantial declines in both total alkalinity(TA)and dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)over the four decades.Mussel shell calcification emerged as the primary mechanism behind these declines,accounting for 97%and 47%of the observed changes in TA and DIC,respectively,lowering water column pH by 0.24 units.Elevated carbon accumulation in soft mussel tissues,coupled with long-term changes in the air-water pCO_(2)gradient during summer,significantly contributed to long-term DIC variations,explaining 18%and 28%of the lake-wide DIC loss.These two mechanisms also resulted in an overall pH increase of 0.09 and 0.12 units,largely offsetting the calcification-driven pH decrease.These findings bridge a gap in acidification research for large freshwater systems and provide valuable insights for comprehensive lake-wide management strategies.
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2021-I2M-1-038 and 2023-I2M-2-001)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019PT310029 and 2023-PT310-04).
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)continues to pose a significant threat to global public health,necessitating rapid and precise diagnostic methods and comprehensive detection of antimicrobial resistance(AMR)to facilitate timely clinical management.Traditional diagnostic techniques suffer from extended turnaround times and limited ability to comprehensively profile AMR,often resulting in delayed therapeutic interventions.Highthroughput sequencing(HTS)technologies have revolutionized pathogen research by significantly improving diagnostic speed and accuracy.In the context of TB,diverse sequencing strategies and platforms are being employed to fulfill specific research goals,ranging from elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying AMR to characterizing the genomic diversity among clinical isolates.This review systematically examines current progress in the application of HTS for rapid pathogen identification,comprehensive AMR profiling,epidemiological studies,advances in novel drugs,and vaccine development.Furthermore,we address existing technological limitations and bioinformatics challenges and explore the future directions necessary for effectively integrating HTS-based methodologies into global TB control efforts.
文摘Objective:To investigate the long-term prognosis and postoperative cosmetic outcomes of breast-conserving surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with early-stage breast cancer,providing a reference for the selection of clinical treatment plans.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 68 patients with early-stage breast cancer admitted from January 2022 to December 2025.Based on the surgical approach,patients were divided into an observation group(breast-conserving surgery+sentinel lymph node biopsy)and a control group(other surgical methods such as modified radical mastectomy/total mastectomy).Clinical and pathological characteristics,incidence of postoperative complications,follow-up prognosis,and satisfaction with cosmetic outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:Among the 68 patients,41 were in the observation group and 27 in the control group.The average age of patients in the observation group was(54.32±8.15)years,while that in the control group was(62.45±9.76)years.The average tumor size in the observation group was(1.86±0.72)cm,compared to(3.21±1.45)cm in the control group.The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 9.76%,significantly lower than that in the control group at 33.33%(P<0.05).The 6-month disease-free survival rate was 95.12%in the observation group and 88.89%in the control group,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The excellent and good rate of cosmetic outcomes in the observation group was 87.80%,significantly higher than that in the control group at 29.63%(P<0.05).Conclusion:Breast-conserving surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy for early-stage breast cancer can achieve long-term prognostic outcomes comparable to those of traditional radical surgery,with the advantages of fewer postoperative complications and superior cosmetic results.This approach is worthy of clinical promotion and application,particularly for early-stage breast cancer patients who have a demand for preserving breast morphology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82100164,82302692)the Capital Medical University Research Cultivation Fund(No.PYZ22099)the Guangdong Provincial Medical Science and Technology Research Fund Project(No.A2024190).
文摘Background Fusion genes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia(AML).This study investigated the utility of targeted next-generation sequencing(NGS)of RNA for detecting rare and unknown fusion genes in patients with AML.Methods A total of 85 adult AML samples previously identified as fusion gene-negative by multiplex nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were subjected to NGS analysis.Results Fusion genes were detected in 21 of 72(29.2%)patients.Among the 26 primary refractory patients,11(42.3%)exhibited fusion genes,whereas among the 18 relapsed patients,fusion genes were identified in five(27.8%).Notably,lysine methyltransferase 2A(KMT2A)and nucleoporin 98(NUP98)rearrangements were enriched in refractory/relapsed patients.Additionally,recurrent fusion transcripts involving eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1(EIF4A1)were identified.The identification of additional fusion genes resulted in an approximate 20.8%(11/53)reclassification of medium-risk karyotypes to the high-risk category,thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy.Conclusions Targeted NGS may complement conventional methods for identifying novel fusions in refractory/relapsed AML;however,its prognostic value requires validation in prospective controlled trials.
文摘Taking the rural low-income population of Zhejiang Province as its subject, this paper examines how to build a sustainable income-growth mechanism and identify feasible implementation paths within the context of the common prosperity strategy. The research identifies key obstacles to income expansion, including an undiversified industrial structure, insufficient human capital, and a lack of robust social protection. These call for systemic solutions featuring institutional innovation, resource consolidation, and capability enhancement. Building on Zhejiang's experience as a common prosperity demonstration zone, the article constructs an integrated framework centered on four pillars: industrial empowerment, education upgrading, social security reinforcement, and digital coordination. It further offers concrete policy proposals involving the cultivation of localized industries, vocational skill training, enhanced safety nets, and the adoption of digital tools. The study thus offers both theoretical insights and practical paradigms for tackling the challenge of raising incomes in low-income rural areas.
文摘AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longitudinal observational study,detailed medical histories of APAC patients and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations at final followup were collected.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of blindness.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine risk factors associated with visual outcomes.RESULTS:This study included 39 affected eyes of 31 subjects(26 females)with an average age of 74.1±8.0y.At 6.7±4.2y after APAC attack,2(5.7%)eyes had bestcorrected visual acuity(VA)worse than 3/60.Advanced glaucomatous visual field loss was observed in 15(39.5%)affected eyes and 5(25.0%)fellow eyes.Nine affected eyes(23.7%)had GON,and 11(28.9%)were blind.Six(15.4%)affected eyes and 2(9.1%)fellow eyes had suspicious progression.A significantly higher blindness rate in factory workers compared to office workers.Logistic regression identified that worse VA at attack(OR 10.568,95%CI 1.288-86.695;P=0.028)and worse early postoperative VA(OR 13.214,95%CI 1.157-150.881;P=0.038)were risk factors for blindness.Multivariate regression showed that longer duration of elevated intraocular pressure(P=0.004)and worse early postoperative VA(P=0.009)were associated with worse visual outcomes.CONCLUSION:Despite LE surgery,some APAC patients experience continued visual function deterioration.Lifelong monitoring is necessary.Target pressure and progression rates should be re-evaluated during follow-up.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81901336(to JM).
文摘Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a subtype of stroke that causes severe neurological damage and is associated with poor long-term prognosis.Cognitive impairment is a major manifestation of long-term neurological dysfunction in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.However,there is notable absence of biological markers to predict long-term prognosis in this patient population.Given the aging-like neurocognitive phenomena associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage,this study postulates that telomere length,a recognized biomarker for aging,could be used as a prognostic indicator for subarachnoid hemorrhage.A left internal carotid artery intravascular puncture mouse model was used to simulate subarachnoid hemorrhage.Comprehensive neurological test scores were obtained through neurobehavioral assessments conducted at one-month intervals.Concurrently,the relative telomere length was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction,which was performed using DNA extracted from ear notch and brain tissue after each assessment.Furthermore,proteomic analysis was employed to investigate differential protein expression in hippocampal tissue.Subarachnoid hemorrhage mice exhibited persistent neurocognitive impairment over a prolonged period of time.There was a significant positive correlation between telomere length and neurological test scores,confirming the usefulness of telomere length as a prognostic indicator in subarachnoid hemorrhage.Hippocampal tissue from subarachnoid hemorrhage mice showed reduced expression of acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase-2 and abnormalities in the expression of proteins related to ribosomes,energy metabolism,and cellular signal transduction.This study confirmed telomere shortening in the brain and metabolic disturbances in the hippocampi of subarachnoid hemorrhage mice.Thus,telomere length is a predictive marker for long-term impairment of cognitive function in mice following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.62171387)the Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province(No.2024NSFSC0468)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M663475).
文摘As an important resource in data link,time slots should be strategically allocated to enhance transmission efficiency and resist eavesdropping,especially considering the tremendous increase in the number of nodes and diverse communication needs.It is crucial to design control sequences with robust randomness and conflict-freeness to properly address differentiated access control in data link.In this paper,we propose a hierarchical access control scheme based on control sequences to achieve high utilization of time slots and differentiated access control.A theoretical bound of the hierarchical control sequence set is derived to characterize the constraints on the parameters of the sequence set.Moreover,two classes of optimal hierarchical control sequence sets satisfying the theoretical bound are constructed,both of which enable the scheme to achieve maximum utilization of time slots.Compared with the fixed time slot allocation scheme,our scheme reduces the symbol error rate by up to 9%,which indicates a significant improvement in anti-interference and eavesdropping capabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20160,32360336)Guizhou Provincial Key Technology R&D Program(Qian KeHe ZhiCheng[2023]YiBan035).
文摘Natural hybridization is known to play a vital role in speciation;however,the mechanisms underlying the early stages of natural hybridization remain unclear.Where two plant species come into contact,two driving forces may balance the dynamic consequences of hybridization:fusion by hybridization-mediated gene flow,and separation by reproductive isolation(RI)(Ma et al.,2010a,b;Chang et al.,2022).
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11971418).
文摘In this paper,we offer a new construction of Stefan’s homological spectral sequence for Hopf Galois extensions,by using the double complex argument.Under the faithfully flat condition,a method for computation of Hochschild homology is given.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81760037)Yunling Scholar Project of Yunnan Province(YNWR-YLXZ-2019-0005)+1 种基金Hunan Provincial Innovation Platform and Talent Program(2018SK4004)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2019JJ80048).
文摘The occurrence of severe thalassemia,an inherited blood disorder that is either blood-transfusiondependent or fatal,can be mitigated through carrier screening.Here,we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of pre-conceptional and early pregnancy screening initiatives for severe thalassemia prevention in a diverse population of 28,043 women.Using next-generation sequencing(NGS),we identify 4,226(15.07%)thalassemia carriers across 29 ethnic groups and categorize them into high-(0.75%),low-(25.86%),and unknown-risk(69.19%)groups based on their spouses'screening results.Post-screening follow-up reveals 59 fetuses with severe thalassemia exclusively in high-risk couples,underscoring the efficacy of risk classification.Among 25,053 live births over 6 months of age,two severe thalassemia infants were born to unknown-risk couples,which was attributed to incomplete screening and late NGS-based testing for a rare variant.Notably,64 rare variants are identified in 287 individuals,highlighting the genetic heterogeneity of thalassemia.We also observe that migrant flow significantly impacts carrier rates,with 93.90%of migrants to Chenzhou originating from high-prevalence regions in southern China.Our study demonstrates that NGS-based screening during pre-conception and early pregnancy is effective for severe thalassemia prevention,emphasizing the need for continuous screening efforts in areas with high and underestimated prevalence.
