Under the current long-term electricity market mechanism,new energy and thermal power face issues such as deviation assessment and compression of generation space.The profitability of market players is limited.Simulta...Under the current long-term electricity market mechanism,new energy and thermal power face issues such as deviation assessment and compression of generation space.The profitability of market players is limited.Simultaneously,the cooperation model among various energy sources will have a direct impact on the alliance’s revenue and the equity of income distribution within the alliance.Therefore,integrating new energy with thermal power units into an integrated multi-energy complementary system to participate in the long-term electricity market holds significant potential.To simulate and evaluate the benefits and internal distribution methods of a multi-energy complementary system participating in long-term market transactions,this paper first constructs a multi-energy complementary system integrated with new energy and thermal power generation units at the same connection point,and participates in the annual bilateral game as a unified market entity to obtain the revenue value under the annual bilateral market.Secondly,based on the entropy weight method,improvements are made to the traditional Shapley value distribution model,and an internal distribution model for multi-energy complementary systems with multiple participants is constructed.Finally,a Markov Decision Process(MDP)evaluation system is constructed for practical case verification.The research results show that the improved Shapley value distribution model achieves higher satisfaction,providing a reasonable allocation scheme for multi-energy complementary cooperation models.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longit...AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longitudinal observational study,detailed medical histories of APAC patients and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations at final followup were collected.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of blindness.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine risk factors associated with visual outcomes.RESULTS:This study included 39 affected eyes of 31 subjects(26 females)with an average age of 74.1±8.0y.At 6.7±4.2y after APAC attack,2(5.7%)eyes had bestcorrected visual acuity(VA)worse than 3/60.Advanced glaucomatous visual field loss was observed in 15(39.5%)affected eyes and 5(25.0%)fellow eyes.Nine affected eyes(23.7%)had GON,and 11(28.9%)were blind.Six(15.4%)affected eyes and 2(9.1%)fellow eyes had suspicious progression.A significantly higher blindness rate in factory workers compared to office workers.Logistic regression identified that worse VA at attack(OR 10.568,95%CI 1.288-86.695;P=0.028)and worse early postoperative VA(OR 13.214,95%CI 1.157-150.881;P=0.038)were risk factors for blindness.Multivariate regression showed that longer duration of elevated intraocular pressure(P=0.004)and worse early postoperative VA(P=0.009)were associated with worse visual outcomes.CONCLUSION:Despite LE surgery,some APAC patients experience continued visual function deterioration.Lifelong monitoring is necessary.Target pressure and progression rates should be re-evaluated during follow-up.展开更多
Most large-scale evapotranspiration(ET)estimation methods require detailed information of land use,land cover,and/or soil type on top of various atmospheric measurements.The complementary relationship of evaporation(C...Most large-scale evapotranspiration(ET)estimation methods require detailed information of land use,land cover,and/or soil type on top of various atmospheric measurements.The complementary relationship of evaporation(CR)takes advantage of the inherent dynamic feedback mechanisms found in the soil−vegetation−atmosphere interface for its estimation of ET rates without the need of such biogeophysical data.ET estimates over the conterminous United States by a new,globally calibrated,static scaling(GCR-stat)of the generalized complementary relationship(GCR)of evaporation were compared to similar estimates of an existing,calibration-free version(GCR-dyn)of the GCR that employs a temporally varying dynamic scaling.Simplified annual water balances of 327 medium and 18 large watersheds served as ground-truth ET values.With long-term monthly mean forcing,GCR-stat(also utilizing precipitation measurements)outperforms GCR-dyn as the latter cannot fully take advantage of its dynamic scaling with such data of reduced temporal variability.However,in a continuous monthly simulation,GCR-dyn is on a par with GCR-stat,and especially excels in reproducing long-term tendencies in annual catchment ET rates even though it does not require precipitation information.The same GCR-dyn estimates were also compared to similar estimates of eight other popular ET products and they generally outperform all of them.For this reason,a dynamic scaling of the GCR is recommended over a static one for modeling long-term behavior of terrestrial ET.展开更多
Cambodia,funded and developed by China National Heavy Machinery Corporation(CHMC).This project has an installed capacity of 150 MW.Having completed its water storage in 2023,the plant,once operational,will provide Cam...Cambodia,funded and developed by China National Heavy Machinery Corporation(CHMC).This project has an installed capacity of 150 MW.Having completed its water storage in 2023,the plant,once operational,will provide Cambodia with a stable power supply.Moreover,CHMC has signed a Memorandum of Understanding to develop the 1,000 MW Upper Stung Tatay Pumped Storage Power Station-a key project,and the signing was witnessed by leaders of both countries.It will serve as a critical reserve and regulating power source in Cambodia,laying a foundation for subsequent renewable energy development in the country.展开更多
Complementary inverter is the basic unit for logic circuits,but the inverters based on full oxide thin-film transistors(TFTs)are still very limited.The next challenge is to realize complementary inverters using homoge...Complementary inverter is the basic unit for logic circuits,but the inverters based on full oxide thin-film transistors(TFTs)are still very limited.The next challenge is to realize complementary inverters using homogeneous oxide semiconduc-tors.Herein,we propose the design of complementary inverter based on full ZnO TFTs.Li-N dual-doped ZnO(ZnO:(Li,N))acts as the p-type channel and Al-doped ZnO(ZnO:Al)serves as the n-type channel for fabrication of TFTs,and then the complemen-tary inverter is produced with p-and n-type ZnO TFTs.The homogeneous ZnO-based complementary inverter has typical volt-age transfer characteristics with the voltage gain of 13.34 at the supply voltage of 40 V.This work may open the door for the development of oxide complementary inverters for logic circuits.展开更多
Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitatio...Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.展开更多
As the power system transitions to a new green and low-carbon paradigm,the penetration of renewable energy in China’s power system is gradually increasing.However,the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy o...As the power system transitions to a new green and low-carbon paradigm,the penetration of renewable energy in China’s power system is gradually increasing.However,the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy output limit its profitability in the electricity market and hinder its market-based integration.This paper first constructs a wind-solar-thermalmulti-energy complementary system,analyzes its external game relationships,and develops a bi-level market optimization model.Then,it considers the contribution levels of internal participants to establish a comprehensive internal distribution evaluation index system.Finally,simulation studies using the IEEE 30-bus system demonstrate that the multi-energy complementary system stabilizes nodal outputs,enhances the profitability of market participants,and promotes the market-based integration of renewable energy.展开更多
Superhydrophobic surface is a promising strategy for antibacterial and corrosion protection.However,the use of harmful fluorine-containing materials,poor mechano-chemical stability,the addition of fungicides and poor ...Superhydrophobic surface is a promising strategy for antibacterial and corrosion protection.However,the use of harmful fluorine-containing materials,poor mechano-chemical stability,the addition of fungicides and poor corrosion resistance often limit its practical application.In this paper,a high-robustness pho-tothermal self-healing superhydrophobic coating is prepared by simply spraying a mixture of hydropho-bically modified epoxy resin and two kinds of modified nanofillers(carbon nanotubes and SiO2)for long-term anticorrosion and antibacterial applications.Multi-scale network and lubrication structures formed by cross-linking of modified carbon nanotubes and repeatable roughness endow coating with high ro-bustness,so that the coating maintains superhydrophobicity even after 100 Taber abrasion cycles,20 m sandpaper abrasion and 100 tape peeling cycles.The synergistic effect of antibacterial adhesion and pho-tothermal bactericidal activity endows coating with excellent antibacterial efficiency,which against Es-cherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)separately reaches 99.6% and 99.8%.Moreover,the influence of modified epoxy resin,superhydrophobicity,organic coating and coating thicknesses on the anticorrosion of magnesium(Mg)alloy is systematically studied and analyzed.More importantly,the prepared coating still exhibits excellent self-cleaning,anticorrosion and antibacterial abilities after 20 m abrasion.Furthermore,the coating exhibits excellent adhesion(level 4B),chemical stability,UV radiation resistance,high-low temperature alternation resistance,stable heat production capacity and photother-mal self-healing ability.All these excellent performances can promote its application in a wider range of fields.展开更多
Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering va...Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering valuable insights into tumor biology and potential treatment strategies.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 132 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage III TNBC,comprising 36 long-term survivors(RFS≥8 years),62 moderate-term survivors(RFS:3-8 years),and 34 short-term survivors(RFS<3 years).Analyses investigated clinicopathological factors,whole-exome sequencing,germline mutations,copy number alterations(CNAs),RNA sequences,and metabolomic profiles.Results:Long-term survivors exhibited fewer metastatic regional lymph nodes,along with tumors showing reduced stromal fibrosis and lower Ki67 index.Molecularly,these tumors exhibited multiple alterations in genes related to homologous recombination repair,with higher frequencies of germline mutations and somatic CNAs.Additionally,tumors from long-term survivors demonstrated significant downregulation of the RTK-RAS signaling pathway.Metabolomic profiling revealed decreased levels of lipids and carbohydrate,particularly those involved in glycerophospholipid,fructose,and mannose metabolism,in long-term survival group.Multivariate Cox analysis identified fibrosis[hazard ratio(HR):12.70,95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.19-73.54,P=0.005]and RAC1copy number loss/deletion(HR:0.22,95%CI:0.06-0.83,P=0.026)as independent predictors of RFS.Higher fructose/mannose metabolism was associated with worse overall survival(HR:1.30,95%CI:1.01-1.68,P=0.045).Our findings emphasize the association between biological determinants and prolonged survival in patients with TNBC.Conclusions:Our study systematically identified the key molecular and metabolic features associated with prolonged survival in AJCC stage III TNBC,suggesting potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.展开更多
Road traffic flow forecasting provides critical information for the operational management of road mobility challenges, and models are used to generate the forecast. This paper uses a random process to present a novel...Road traffic flow forecasting provides critical information for the operational management of road mobility challenges, and models are used to generate the forecast. This paper uses a random process to present a novel traffic modelling framework for aggregate traffic on urban roads. The main idea is that road traffic flow is random, even for the recurrent flow, such as rush hour traffic, which is predisposed to congestion. Therefore, the structure of the aggregate traffic flow model for urban roads should correlate well with the essential variables of the observed random dynamics of the traffic flow phenomena. The novelty of this paper is the developed framework, based on the Poisson process, the kinematics of urban road traffic flow, and the intermediate modelling approach, which were combined to formulate the model. Empirical data from an urban road in Ghana was used to explore the model’s fidelity. The results show that the distribution from the model correlates well with that of the empirical traffic, providing a strong validation of the new framework and instilling confidence in its potential for significantly improved forecasts and, hence, a more hopeful outlook for real-world traffic management.展开更多
Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD pat...Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications.By drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.展开更多
Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs) offer significant advantages for energy storage on a large scale,attributed to their economical cost,secure operatio n,and eco-friend ly natu re.Among the leading cathode materials ...Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs) offer significant advantages for energy storage on a large scale,attributed to their economical cost,secure operatio n,and eco-friend ly natu re.Among the leading cathode materials for ASIBs,Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP) exhibits excellent structural stability and a high Na+diffusion coefficient,making it a promising option.However,the high solubility of vanadium-based materials in aqueous electrolytes engenders suboptimal cycling stability for Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3),constraining its application in ASIBs.Herein,the Cr-substituted Na_(3)V_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)(PO_(4))3@C(NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P) cathode material was synthesized via a simple sol-gel method.It is found that Cr substitution reduces the cell parameters of NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,effectively reinforcing the crystal structure.Furthermore,NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P alters the Na^(+)insertion/extraction mechanism,transforming the typical two-phase reaction between Na_(1)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))3into continuous solid-solution reactions with stable intermediates.The Cr substitution diminishes the sodium-ion diffusion energy barrier in NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,leading to smoother Na+insertion and extraction processes.Consequently,NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P exhibits impressive cycling stability,retaining 74.8% of its capacity after 5,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g^(-1),along with an outstanding rate performance of 79,2% at 10 A g^(-1).This work elucidates the stable Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes in Cr-substituted NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,offering insights into the application of vanadium-based materials in aqueous sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-l...Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-long(2015–2022)surface ozone observation data,we attempted to reveal the variation ofmultiple timescale components using the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter,and the effects of meteorology and emissions were quantitatively isolated using multiple linear regression with meteorological variables.The results showed that the short-term,seasonal,and long-term components accounted for daily maximum 8-hr average O_(3)(O_(3–8)hr)concentration,46.4%,45.9%,and 1.0%,respectively.The meteorological impacts account for an average of 71.8%of O_(3–8)hr,and the YRD’s eastern and northern sections aremeteorology-sensitive areas.Based on statistical analysis technology with empirical orthogonal function,the contribution of meteorology,local emission,and transport in the long-term component of O_(3–8)hr were 0.21%,0.12%,and 0.6%,respectively.The spatiotemporal analysis indicated that a distinct decreasing spatial pattern could be observed from coastal cities towards the northwest,influenced by the monsoon and synoptic conditions.The central urban agglomeration north and south of the YRD was particularly susceptible to local pollution.Among the cities studied,Shanghai,Anqing,and Xuancheng,located at similar latitudes,were significantly impacted by atmospheric transmission—the contribution of Shanghai,the maximum accounting for 3.6%.展开更多
Gait,the unique pattern of how a person walks,has emerged as one of the most promising biometric features in modern intelligent sensing.Unlike fingerprints or facial characteristics,gait can be captured unobtrusively ...Gait,the unique pattern of how a person walks,has emerged as one of the most promising biometric features in modern intelligent sensing.Unlike fingerprints or facial characteristics,gait can be captured unobtrusively and at a distance,without requiring the subject’s awareness or cooperation.This makes it highly suitable for long-range surveillance,forensic investigation,and smart environments where contactless recognition is crucial.Traditional gait-recognition systems rely either on silhouettes,which capture the outer appearance of a person,or on skeletons,which describe the internal structure of human motion.Each modality provides only a partial understanding of gait.Silhouettes emphasize shape and contour but are easily distorted by clothing or carried objects;skeletons describe motion dynamics and limb coordination but lose discriminative details about body shape.This article presents the concept of Complementary Semantic Embedding(CSE),a unified framework that merges silhouette and skeleton information into a comprehensive semantic representation of human walking.By modeling the complementary nature of appearance and structure,the approach achieves more robust and accurate gait recognition even under challenging conditions.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations of intraocular lens (IOL) opacity after cataract surgery through case reports, and to explore its pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment ideas, so as to provide a ba...Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations of intraocular lens (IOL) opacity after cataract surgery through case reports, and to explore its pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment ideas, so as to provide a basis for the early diagnosis and correct treatment of IOL opacity. Methods: The clinical data of one patient diagnosed with IOL opacity and underwent intraocular lens replacement in the Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities in December 2023 were reported. The characteristics of IOL opacity were observed, and the research progress and pathogenesis of IOL opacity were understood by consulting the literature. Results: This patient is the first case of IOL opacity in our hospital. The specific reason is unclear. It is considered to be related to the IOL material. Conclusion: Hydrophilic acrylic IOL is widely used in clinic because of its good histocompatibility. However, due to its hydrophilicity, there are more cases of IOL opacity than other types of IOL. At present, there is no unified conclusion on the etiology and mechanism of IOL opacity. IOL opacity can seriously affect vision and is easily misdiagnosed as a posterior cataract. We should fully disperse the large pupil and carefully observe under the slit lamp. The most effective treatment for this disease is IOL replacement.展开更多
Slow-release phosphate materials were prepared by activating insoluble phosphate with organic acid to stabilize high concentrations of Cd and Zn in contaminated smelter soil.The results showed that oxalic acid(0.1 mol...Slow-release phosphate materials were prepared by activating insoluble phosphate with organic acid to stabilize high concentrations of Cd and Zn in contaminated smelter soil.The results showed that oxalic acid(0.1 mol/L)activated tricalcium phosphate(TO-0.1)provided the most efficient stabilization of Cd and Zn.After 30 d treatment,leaching concentrations of Cd and Zn in soil were decreased from 3.17 and 16.60 mg/L to 0.078 and 0.32 mg/L,respectively.The acid-soluble fractions of Cd and Zn were transformed into reducible,oxidizable,and residual fractions.Notably,As mobility in TO-0.1 treated soils did not increase.In addition,acid rain leaching and 150 d of natural aging revealed that the slow-release phosphate material provided long-term stability for the stabilization of Cd and Zn.This study verifies the potential application of slow-release phosphate materials for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil at smelting sites.展开更多
The Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region has witnessed a consistent decrease in NO_(2),CO,and PM_(2.5) from 2016 to 2023.However,ozone has exhibited fluctuating patterns.Quantifying ozone contributions from emissions,both w...The Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region has witnessed a consistent decrease in NO_(2),CO,and PM_(2.5) from 2016 to 2023.However,ozone has exhibited fluctuating patterns.Quantifying ozone contributions from emissions,both within and outside the YRD,is essential for understanding city-cluster-scale ozone pollution(CCSOP).To address these concerns,a comprehensive approach combining Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filtering,Empirical Orthogonal Function,Absolute Principal Component Score,andMultiple Linear Regression methods(KZ-EOF-APCs-MLR)was employed to quantify the impacts of meteorological factors,local and non-local emission contributions of ozone(LECO and NECO).Emission changes were identified as the predominant factor shaping annual fluctuations in ambient ozone.Notably,during the previous andmiddle stages of the COVID-19 pandemic(from2017 to 2021),emissions reductions led to a marked decrease in YRD ozone levels(-7.01μg/m^(3)),with a pronounced rebound post-pandemic(2022 to 2023)(+8.04μg/m^(3)).Seasonally,the emissioninduced ozone exhibited fluctuating upward trend during autumn and winter,suggesting a transition of ozone pollution towards colder seasons.Spatially,high LECO concentrated in the eastern YRD(EYRD)across spring,autumn,and winter,becoming prominent in the central YRD(CYRD)during summer.During CCSOP,the CYRD exhibited the highest LECO and exceedance frequency(20.82μg/m^(3) and 45.27%).LECO explained a large portion of ozone variability during CCSOP,particularly in the EYRD,while NECO showed less explanatory power but consistently high contributions(148.05±15.52μg/m^(3)).These findings offer valuable insights for a deeper understanding of the evolving patterns of ozone pollution and the issue of CCSOP in the YRD.展开更多
To better understand the spatial variations in phytoplankton abundance and community structure and their relationship with environmental parameters in Jiaozhou Bay,Yellow Sea,in Shandong,East China,observations were c...To better understand the spatial variations in phytoplankton abundance and community structure and their relationship with environmental parameters in Jiaozhou Bay,Yellow Sea,in Shandong,East China,observations were conducted to estimate abundance of net-phytoplankton and key groups along with environmental parameters in three typical sites in seasonal survey from 2004 to 2016 in the bay.The spatial patterns of phytoplankton abundance differed obviously between the inner and the outer bay.The abundance of total phytoplankton and diatoms increased obviously in the northern part of the bay,while decreased in the southern part and outer bay.An increase in dinoflagellate abundance was obvious in the outer bay.Variations in the dynamics of phytoplankton abundance could be largely explained by the succession of chain-forming diatoms and dinoflagellates.The key chain forming diatom groups Chaetoceros and Thalassiosira increased markedly,especially in winter in the northern part of the bay,while in the southern part and the outer bay,Chaetoceros declined.Besides,the key dinoflagellate groups Ceratium and Noctiluca increased noticeably,resulting in a significant increase in the dinoflagellate/diatom ratio in the outer bay.These variations has a significant correlation with environmental variables of surface seawater temperature,phosphorus,nitrogen,salinity,and N/Si ratio(P<0.05).For the key groups,temperature was the primary driver of dinoflagellate abundance,while the N/P ratio was critical for chain-forming diatoms.The abundance of phytoplankton showed a clear spatial pattern and associated obviously with environmental factors in the marine ecosystems,offering insights into coastal ecosystem management and conservation strategies.展开更多
Mild electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR),driven by renewable electricity,is regarded as a desirable strategy for green ammonia synthesis and simultaneous removal of nitrogen-containing environmental ...Mild electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR),driven by renewable electricity,is regarded as a desirable strategy for green ammonia synthesis and simultaneous removal of nitrogen-containing environmental pollutants.In view of different supply voltages from renewable energy sources,developing costeffective and efficient electrocatalysts with a wide operating potential window is very meaningful for practical application.However,currently reported catalysts usually need to introduce noble metals to synergistically achieve wide-potential selective ammonia synthesis from nitrate.In this work,we present for the first time a dual-transition-metal electrocatalyst(Fe_(3)C-CuO_(x)@NC,x=0,1)with wide-potential-adaptability for highly selective nitrate reduction to ammonia.Such Fe_(3)C-CuO_(x)@NC with spatially separated CuO_(x)and noblemetal-like Fe_(3)C nanoparticles encapsulated with nitrogen-doped graphitized carbon,exhibits outstanding performance in NO_(3)RR with desirable NH_(3)Faraday efficiency of more than 90%over a wide potential ranging from-0.2 V vs.RHE to-0.6 V vs.RHE,comparable to the reported noble metal catalysts.Different from common tandem catalysis,the wide-potential high ammonia selectivity of Fe_(3)C-CuO_(x)@NC is domina ntly ascribed to the complementary enhancement between CuO_(x)and Fe_(3)C,fully supported by results of experiments and density function theory calculations.CuO_(x)exhibit highly intrinsic nitrate reduction to nitrite to compensate for the slow potential determination step(^(*)NO_(3)→^(*)NO_(3)H)of Fe_(3)C,while Fe_(3)C,besides behaving like noble metals to supply adequate active hydrogens,has both good adsorption and reduction abilities for nitrite species to ammonia.Moreover,Fe_(3)C partially stabilizes active Cu^(0)/Cu^(+)sites,and the unique carbon-layer enca psulation structure effectively prevents the agglomeration and corrosion of metal nanoparticles during the electrocatalysis,thus maintaining good cyclic stability.The Zn-NO_(3)^(-)battery assembled with Fe_(3)C-CuO_(x)@NC can reach a high power density of 5.2 mW cm^(-2)at a potential of 1.0 V vs.Zn,with an NH_(3)Faraday efficiency of 92.4%at a current of 8.0 mA,proving its potential practical application.This advance provides unique insights into complementary catalysis mechanisms on multiple metal sites in NO_(3)RR,and offers a reference for the design of other transition metal electrocatalysts matching with renewable electricity.展开更多
文摘Under the current long-term electricity market mechanism,new energy and thermal power face issues such as deviation assessment and compression of generation space.The profitability of market players is limited.Simultaneously,the cooperation model among various energy sources will have a direct impact on the alliance’s revenue and the equity of income distribution within the alliance.Therefore,integrating new energy with thermal power units into an integrated multi-energy complementary system to participate in the long-term electricity market holds significant potential.To simulate and evaluate the benefits and internal distribution methods of a multi-energy complementary system participating in long-term market transactions,this paper first constructs a multi-energy complementary system integrated with new energy and thermal power generation units at the same connection point,and participates in the annual bilateral game as a unified market entity to obtain the revenue value under the annual bilateral market.Secondly,based on the entropy weight method,improvements are made to the traditional Shapley value distribution model,and an internal distribution model for multi-energy complementary systems with multiple participants is constructed.Finally,a Markov Decision Process(MDP)evaluation system is constructed for practical case verification.The research results show that the improved Shapley value distribution model achieves higher satisfaction,providing a reasonable allocation scheme for multi-energy complementary cooperation models.
文摘AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longitudinal observational study,detailed medical histories of APAC patients and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations at final followup were collected.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of blindness.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine risk factors associated with visual outcomes.RESULTS:This study included 39 affected eyes of 31 subjects(26 females)with an average age of 74.1±8.0y.At 6.7±4.2y after APAC attack,2(5.7%)eyes had bestcorrected visual acuity(VA)worse than 3/60.Advanced glaucomatous visual field loss was observed in 15(39.5%)affected eyes and 5(25.0%)fellow eyes.Nine affected eyes(23.7%)had GON,and 11(28.9%)were blind.Six(15.4%)affected eyes and 2(9.1%)fellow eyes had suspicious progression.A significantly higher blindness rate in factory workers compared to office workers.Logistic regression identified that worse VA at attack(OR 10.568,95%CI 1.288-86.695;P=0.028)and worse early postoperative VA(OR 13.214,95%CI 1.157-150.881;P=0.038)were risk factors for blindness.Multivariate regression showed that longer duration of elevated intraocular pressure(P=0.004)and worse early postoperative VA(P=0.009)were associated with worse visual outcomes.CONCLUSION:Despite LE surgery,some APAC patients experience continued visual function deterioration.Lifelong monitoring is necessary.Target pressure and progression rates should be re-evaluated during follow-up.
基金supported by a BMEWater Sciences and Disaster Prevention FIKP grant of EMMI(BME FIKP-VIZ).
文摘Most large-scale evapotranspiration(ET)estimation methods require detailed information of land use,land cover,and/or soil type on top of various atmospheric measurements.The complementary relationship of evaporation(CR)takes advantage of the inherent dynamic feedback mechanisms found in the soil−vegetation−atmosphere interface for its estimation of ET rates without the need of such biogeophysical data.ET estimates over the conterminous United States by a new,globally calibrated,static scaling(GCR-stat)of the generalized complementary relationship(GCR)of evaporation were compared to similar estimates of an existing,calibration-free version(GCR-dyn)of the GCR that employs a temporally varying dynamic scaling.Simplified annual water balances of 327 medium and 18 large watersheds served as ground-truth ET values.With long-term monthly mean forcing,GCR-stat(also utilizing precipitation measurements)outperforms GCR-dyn as the latter cannot fully take advantage of its dynamic scaling with such data of reduced temporal variability.However,in a continuous monthly simulation,GCR-dyn is on a par with GCR-stat,and especially excels in reproducing long-term tendencies in annual catchment ET rates even though it does not require precipitation information.The same GCR-dyn estimates were also compared to similar estimates of eight other popular ET products and they generally outperform all of them.For this reason,a dynamic scaling of the GCR is recommended over a static one for modeling long-term behavior of terrestrial ET.
文摘Cambodia,funded and developed by China National Heavy Machinery Corporation(CHMC).This project has an installed capacity of 150 MW.Having completed its water storage in 2023,the plant,once operational,will provide Cambodia with a stable power supply.Moreover,CHMC has signed a Memorandum of Understanding to develop the 1,000 MW Upper Stung Tatay Pumped Storage Power Station-a key project,and the signing was witnessed by leaders of both countries.It will serve as a critical reserve and regulating power source in Cambodia,laying a foundation for subsequent renewable energy development in the country.
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LZ24E020001).
文摘Complementary inverter is the basic unit for logic circuits,but the inverters based on full oxide thin-film transistors(TFTs)are still very limited.The next challenge is to realize complementary inverters using homogeneous oxide semiconduc-tors.Herein,we propose the design of complementary inverter based on full ZnO TFTs.Li-N dual-doped ZnO(ZnO:(Li,N))acts as the p-type channel and Al-doped ZnO(ZnO:Al)serves as the n-type channel for fabrication of TFTs,and then the complemen-tary inverter is produced with p-and n-type ZnO TFTs.The homogeneous ZnO-based complementary inverter has typical volt-age transfer characteristics with the voltage gain of 13.34 at the supply voltage of 40 V.This work may open the door for the development of oxide complementary inverters for logic circuits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52003148 and 52261045)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University(No.MRUKF2021023)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-475)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(No.22JS003)the Industrialization Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Cultivation)of Qinba Region(No.SXC-2310)the key cultivation project funds of Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGKYXM2201).
文摘Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China,grant number 2019YFB1505400.
文摘As the power system transitions to a new green and low-carbon paradigm,the penetration of renewable energy in China’s power system is gradually increasing.However,the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy output limit its profitability in the electricity market and hinder its market-based integration.This paper first constructs a wind-solar-thermalmulti-energy complementary system,analyzes its external game relationships,and develops a bi-level market optimization model.Then,it considers the contribution levels of internal participants to establish a comprehensive internal distribution evaluation index system.Finally,simulation studies using the IEEE 30-bus system demonstrate that the multi-energy complementary system stabilizes nodal outputs,enhances the profitability of market participants,and promotes the market-based integration of renewable energy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2106226,52105297)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52021003)the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province(Nos.20210203022SF,20210508029RQ).
文摘Superhydrophobic surface is a promising strategy for antibacterial and corrosion protection.However,the use of harmful fluorine-containing materials,poor mechano-chemical stability,the addition of fungicides and poor corrosion resistance often limit its practical application.In this paper,a high-robustness pho-tothermal self-healing superhydrophobic coating is prepared by simply spraying a mixture of hydropho-bically modified epoxy resin and two kinds of modified nanofillers(carbon nanotubes and SiO2)for long-term anticorrosion and antibacterial applications.Multi-scale network and lubrication structures formed by cross-linking of modified carbon nanotubes and repeatable roughness endow coating with high ro-bustness,so that the coating maintains superhydrophobicity even after 100 Taber abrasion cycles,20 m sandpaper abrasion and 100 tape peeling cycles.The synergistic effect of antibacterial adhesion and pho-tothermal bactericidal activity endows coating with excellent antibacterial efficiency,which against Es-cherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)separately reaches 99.6% and 99.8%.Moreover,the influence of modified epoxy resin,superhydrophobicity,organic coating and coating thicknesses on the anticorrosion of magnesium(Mg)alloy is systematically studied and analyzed.More importantly,the prepared coating still exhibits excellent self-cleaning,anticorrosion and antibacterial abilities after 20 m abrasion.Furthermore,the coating exhibits excellent adhesion(level 4B),chemical stability,UV radiation resistance,high-low temperature alternation resistance,stable heat production capacity and photother-mal self-healing ability.All these excellent performances can promote its application in a wider range of fields.
基金supported by grants from the Medical Engineering Jiont Fund of the Fudan University(No.IDH2310117)。
文摘Objective:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks targeted therapies,leading to a poorer prognosis.However,some patients achieve long-term recurrence-free survival(RFS),offering valuable insights into tumor biology and potential treatment strategies.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 132 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage III TNBC,comprising 36 long-term survivors(RFS≥8 years),62 moderate-term survivors(RFS:3-8 years),and 34 short-term survivors(RFS<3 years).Analyses investigated clinicopathological factors,whole-exome sequencing,germline mutations,copy number alterations(CNAs),RNA sequences,and metabolomic profiles.Results:Long-term survivors exhibited fewer metastatic regional lymph nodes,along with tumors showing reduced stromal fibrosis and lower Ki67 index.Molecularly,these tumors exhibited multiple alterations in genes related to homologous recombination repair,with higher frequencies of germline mutations and somatic CNAs.Additionally,tumors from long-term survivors demonstrated significant downregulation of the RTK-RAS signaling pathway.Metabolomic profiling revealed decreased levels of lipids and carbohydrate,particularly those involved in glycerophospholipid,fructose,and mannose metabolism,in long-term survival group.Multivariate Cox analysis identified fibrosis[hazard ratio(HR):12.70,95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.19-73.54,P=0.005]and RAC1copy number loss/deletion(HR:0.22,95%CI:0.06-0.83,P=0.026)as independent predictors of RFS.Higher fructose/mannose metabolism was associated with worse overall survival(HR:1.30,95%CI:1.01-1.68,P=0.045).Our findings emphasize the association between biological determinants and prolonged survival in patients with TNBC.Conclusions:Our study systematically identified the key molecular and metabolic features associated with prolonged survival in AJCC stage III TNBC,suggesting potential therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.
文摘Road traffic flow forecasting provides critical information for the operational management of road mobility challenges, and models are used to generate the forecast. This paper uses a random process to present a novel traffic modelling framework for aggregate traffic on urban roads. The main idea is that road traffic flow is random, even for the recurrent flow, such as rush hour traffic, which is predisposed to congestion. Therefore, the structure of the aggregate traffic flow model for urban roads should correlate well with the essential variables of the observed random dynamics of the traffic flow phenomena. The novelty of this paper is the developed framework, based on the Poisson process, the kinematics of urban road traffic flow, and the intermediate modelling approach, which were combined to formulate the model. Empirical data from an urban road in Ghana was used to explore the model’s fidelity. The results show that the distribution from the model correlates well with that of the empirical traffic, providing a strong validation of the new framework and instilling confidence in its potential for significantly improved forecasts and, hence, a more hopeful outlook for real-world traffic management.
文摘Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications.By drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.
基金financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Plan Project of Guizhou Province ([2024]054)Additional support came from the Industry and Education Combination Innovation Platform of Intelligent Manufacturing and Graduate Joint Training Base at Guizhou University (2020-520000-83-01324061)the Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Smart Services (2203-520102-04-04-298868)。
文摘Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs) offer significant advantages for energy storage on a large scale,attributed to their economical cost,secure operatio n,and eco-friend ly natu re.Among the leading cathode materials for ASIBs,Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP) exhibits excellent structural stability and a high Na+diffusion coefficient,making it a promising option.However,the high solubility of vanadium-based materials in aqueous electrolytes engenders suboptimal cycling stability for Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3),constraining its application in ASIBs.Herein,the Cr-substituted Na_(3)V_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)(PO_(4))3@C(NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P) cathode material was synthesized via a simple sol-gel method.It is found that Cr substitution reduces the cell parameters of NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,effectively reinforcing the crystal structure.Furthermore,NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P alters the Na^(+)insertion/extraction mechanism,transforming the typical two-phase reaction between Na_(1)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))3into continuous solid-solution reactions with stable intermediates.The Cr substitution diminishes the sodium-ion diffusion energy barrier in NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,leading to smoother Na+insertion and extraction processes.Consequently,NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P exhibits impressive cycling stability,retaining 74.8% of its capacity after 5,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g^(-1),along with an outstanding rate performance of 79,2% at 10 A g^(-1).This work elucidates the stable Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes in Cr-substituted NV_(1.3)Cr_(0.7)P,offering insights into the application of vanadium-based materials in aqueous sodium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42075177)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFC0210003).
文摘Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically analyzed.In this study,by using 8-year-long(2015–2022)surface ozone observation data,we attempted to reveal the variation ofmultiple timescale components using the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter,and the effects of meteorology and emissions were quantitatively isolated using multiple linear regression with meteorological variables.The results showed that the short-term,seasonal,and long-term components accounted for daily maximum 8-hr average O_(3)(O_(3–8)hr)concentration,46.4%,45.9%,and 1.0%,respectively.The meteorological impacts account for an average of 71.8%of O_(3–8)hr,and the YRD’s eastern and northern sections aremeteorology-sensitive areas.Based on statistical analysis technology with empirical orthogonal function,the contribution of meteorology,local emission,and transport in the long-term component of O_(3–8)hr were 0.21%,0.12%,and 0.6%,respectively.The spatiotemporal analysis indicated that a distinct decreasing spatial pattern could be observed from coastal cities towards the northwest,influenced by the monsoon and synoptic conditions.The central urban agglomeration north and south of the YRD was particularly susceptible to local pollution.Among the cities studied,Shanghai,Anqing,and Xuancheng,located at similar latitudes,were significantly impacted by atmospheric transmission—the contribution of Shanghai,the maximum accounting for 3.6%.
文摘Gait,the unique pattern of how a person walks,has emerged as one of the most promising biometric features in modern intelligent sensing.Unlike fingerprints or facial characteristics,gait can be captured unobtrusively and at a distance,without requiring the subject’s awareness or cooperation.This makes it highly suitable for long-range surveillance,forensic investigation,and smart environments where contactless recognition is crucial.Traditional gait-recognition systems rely either on silhouettes,which capture the outer appearance of a person,or on skeletons,which describe the internal structure of human motion.Each modality provides only a partial understanding of gait.Silhouettes emphasize shape and contour but are easily distorted by clothing or carried objects;skeletons describe motion dynamics and limb coordination but lose discriminative details about body shape.This article presents the concept of Complementary Semantic Embedding(CSE),a unified framework that merges silhouette and skeleton information into a comprehensive semantic representation of human walking.By modeling the complementary nature of appearance and structure,the approach achieves more robust and accurate gait recognition even under challenging conditions.
文摘Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations of intraocular lens (IOL) opacity after cataract surgery through case reports, and to explore its pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment ideas, so as to provide a basis for the early diagnosis and correct treatment of IOL opacity. Methods: The clinical data of one patient diagnosed with IOL opacity and underwent intraocular lens replacement in the Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities in December 2023 were reported. The characteristics of IOL opacity were observed, and the research progress and pathogenesis of IOL opacity were understood by consulting the literature. Results: This patient is the first case of IOL opacity in our hospital. The specific reason is unclear. It is considered to be related to the IOL material. Conclusion: Hydrophilic acrylic IOL is widely used in clinic because of its good histocompatibility. However, due to its hydrophilicity, there are more cases of IOL opacity than other types of IOL. At present, there is no unified conclusion on the etiology and mechanism of IOL opacity. IOL opacity can seriously affect vision and is easily misdiagnosed as a posterior cataract. We should fully disperse the large pupil and carefully observe under the slit lamp. The most effective treatment for this disease is IOL replacement.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2024JJ1012)the Postgraduate Innovative Project of Central South University,China(No.2023ZZTS0459)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1803605)。
文摘Slow-release phosphate materials were prepared by activating insoluble phosphate with organic acid to stabilize high concentrations of Cd and Zn in contaminated smelter soil.The results showed that oxalic acid(0.1 mol/L)activated tricalcium phosphate(TO-0.1)provided the most efficient stabilization of Cd and Zn.After 30 d treatment,leaching concentrations of Cd and Zn in soil were decreased from 3.17 and 16.60 mg/L to 0.078 and 0.32 mg/L,respectively.The acid-soluble fractions of Cd and Zn were transformed into reducible,oxidizable,and residual fractions.Notably,As mobility in TO-0.1 treated soils did not increase.In addition,acid rain leaching and 150 d of natural aging revealed that the slow-release phosphate material provided long-term stability for the stabilization of Cd and Zn.This study verifies the potential application of slow-release phosphate materials for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil at smelting sites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U19A2044,42105132,42030609,41975037)the National Key Research and Development Programof China(No.2022YFC3700303).
文摘The Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region has witnessed a consistent decrease in NO_(2),CO,and PM_(2.5) from 2016 to 2023.However,ozone has exhibited fluctuating patterns.Quantifying ozone contributions from emissions,both within and outside the YRD,is essential for understanding city-cluster-scale ozone pollution(CCSOP).To address these concerns,a comprehensive approach combining Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filtering,Empirical Orthogonal Function,Absolute Principal Component Score,andMultiple Linear Regression methods(KZ-EOF-APCs-MLR)was employed to quantify the impacts of meteorological factors,local and non-local emission contributions of ozone(LECO and NECO).Emission changes were identified as the predominant factor shaping annual fluctuations in ambient ozone.Notably,during the previous andmiddle stages of the COVID-19 pandemic(from2017 to 2021),emissions reductions led to a marked decrease in YRD ozone levels(-7.01μg/m^(3)),with a pronounced rebound post-pandemic(2022 to 2023)(+8.04μg/m^(3)).Seasonally,the emissioninduced ozone exhibited fluctuating upward trend during autumn and winter,suggesting a transition of ozone pollution towards colder seasons.Spatially,high LECO concentrated in the eastern YRD(EYRD)across spring,autumn,and winter,becoming prominent in the central YRD(CYRD)during summer.During CCSOP,the CYRD exhibited the highest LECO and exceedance frequency(20.82μg/m^(3) and 45.27%).LECO explained a large portion of ozone variability during CCSOP,particularly in the EYRD,while NECO showed less explanatory power but consistently high contributions(148.05±15.52μg/m^(3)).These findings offer valuable insights for a deeper understanding of the evolving patterns of ozone pollution and the issue of CCSOP in the YRD.
基金Supported by the Laoshan Laboratory(No.LSKJ202204005)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.121311KYSB20190029)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2006206,32371619)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.133137KYSB20200002)。
文摘To better understand the spatial variations in phytoplankton abundance and community structure and their relationship with environmental parameters in Jiaozhou Bay,Yellow Sea,in Shandong,East China,observations were conducted to estimate abundance of net-phytoplankton and key groups along with environmental parameters in three typical sites in seasonal survey from 2004 to 2016 in the bay.The spatial patterns of phytoplankton abundance differed obviously between the inner and the outer bay.The abundance of total phytoplankton and diatoms increased obviously in the northern part of the bay,while decreased in the southern part and outer bay.An increase in dinoflagellate abundance was obvious in the outer bay.Variations in the dynamics of phytoplankton abundance could be largely explained by the succession of chain-forming diatoms and dinoflagellates.The key chain forming diatom groups Chaetoceros and Thalassiosira increased markedly,especially in winter in the northern part of the bay,while in the southern part and the outer bay,Chaetoceros declined.Besides,the key dinoflagellate groups Ceratium and Noctiluca increased noticeably,resulting in a significant increase in the dinoflagellate/diatom ratio in the outer bay.These variations has a significant correlation with environmental variables of surface seawater temperature,phosphorus,nitrogen,salinity,and N/Si ratio(P<0.05).For the key groups,temperature was the primary driver of dinoflagellate abundance,while the N/P ratio was critical for chain-forming diatoms.The abundance of phytoplankton showed a clear spatial pattern and associated obviously with environmental factors in the marine ecosystems,offering insights into coastal ecosystem management and conservation strategies.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 22172082)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Mild electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR),driven by renewable electricity,is regarded as a desirable strategy for green ammonia synthesis and simultaneous removal of nitrogen-containing environmental pollutants.In view of different supply voltages from renewable energy sources,developing costeffective and efficient electrocatalysts with a wide operating potential window is very meaningful for practical application.However,currently reported catalysts usually need to introduce noble metals to synergistically achieve wide-potential selective ammonia synthesis from nitrate.In this work,we present for the first time a dual-transition-metal electrocatalyst(Fe_(3)C-CuO_(x)@NC,x=0,1)with wide-potential-adaptability for highly selective nitrate reduction to ammonia.Such Fe_(3)C-CuO_(x)@NC with spatially separated CuO_(x)and noblemetal-like Fe_(3)C nanoparticles encapsulated with nitrogen-doped graphitized carbon,exhibits outstanding performance in NO_(3)RR with desirable NH_(3)Faraday efficiency of more than 90%over a wide potential ranging from-0.2 V vs.RHE to-0.6 V vs.RHE,comparable to the reported noble metal catalysts.Different from common tandem catalysis,the wide-potential high ammonia selectivity of Fe_(3)C-CuO_(x)@NC is domina ntly ascribed to the complementary enhancement between CuO_(x)and Fe_(3)C,fully supported by results of experiments and density function theory calculations.CuO_(x)exhibit highly intrinsic nitrate reduction to nitrite to compensate for the slow potential determination step(^(*)NO_(3)→^(*)NO_(3)H)of Fe_(3)C,while Fe_(3)C,besides behaving like noble metals to supply adequate active hydrogens,has both good adsorption and reduction abilities for nitrite species to ammonia.Moreover,Fe_(3)C partially stabilizes active Cu^(0)/Cu^(+)sites,and the unique carbon-layer enca psulation structure effectively prevents the agglomeration and corrosion of metal nanoparticles during the electrocatalysis,thus maintaining good cyclic stability.The Zn-NO_(3)^(-)battery assembled with Fe_(3)C-CuO_(x)@NC can reach a high power density of 5.2 mW cm^(-2)at a potential of 1.0 V vs.Zn,with an NH_(3)Faraday efficiency of 92.4%at a current of 8.0 mA,proving its potential practical application.This advance provides unique insights into complementary catalysis mechanisms on multiple metal sites in NO_(3)RR,and offers a reference for the design of other transition metal electrocatalysts matching with renewable electricity.
