Catalysts with asymmetric coordination exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity due to changes in the active sites,which affect the arrangement of reactants and catalytic activity/selectivity.Hence,the exploration ...Catalysts with asymmetric coordination exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity due to changes in the active sites,which affect the arrangement of reactants and catalytic activity/selectivity.Hence,the exploration of the inherent characteristics of active sites within diverse coordination environments holds great significance for the experimental design of catalytic structures.Single-atom catalysts(SACs)characterized by high coordination with four carbons(26 candidates)and low coordination with dinitrogen(27candidates)are constructed using nitrogen-doped graphdiyne derivatives(NGDY)as the substrate.Additionally,5 species of dual-atom catalysts(DACs)with coexistence of both high and low coordination sites are also developed and their nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)activities are systematically investigated by density functional theory.The results indicate that metals with low coordination exhibit superior catalytic performance,such as Mo^(L)-NGDY(U_(L)=-0.30 V)and Nb^(L)-NGDY(U_(L)=-0.32 V).Furthermore,machine learning(ML)methods have deeply analyzed and elucidated the primary intrinsic characteristics that influence catalytic performance.These results not only unveil the underlying mechanisms behind the exceptional catalytic performance exhibited by low-coordination metal atoms,but also provide relevant and significant descriptors.More importantly,based on an investigation of the catalytic activity of a series of DACs,the“buffer and low-coordination accumulate”asymmetric coordination mechanism is proposed to unveil the long-range interactions between low and high coordination atoms.Due to this remote communication,MoNb-NGDY(U_(L)=-0.09/-0.37 V)exhibits the best NRR activity.This mechanism provides valuable insights into the origin of long-range bipartite interactions and inspires the design and synthesis of NRR catalysts with different coordination environments.展开更多
The crossover between short-range and long-range(LR)universal behaviors remains a central theme in the physics of LR interacting systems.The competition between LR coupling and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless mech...The crossover between short-range and long-range(LR)universal behaviors remains a central theme in the physics of LR interacting systems.The competition between LR coupling and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless mechanism makes the problem more subtle and less understood in the two-dimensional(2D)XY model,a cornerstone for investigating low-dimensional phenomena and their implications in quantum computation.We study the 2D XY model with algebraically decaying interaction~1/r^(2+σ).Utilizing an advanced update strategy,we conduct LR Monte Carlo simulations of the model up to a linear size of L=8192.Our results demonstrate continuous phase transitions into a ferromagnetic phase forσ<2,which exhibit the simultaneous emergence of a long-ranged order and a power-law decaying correlation function due to the Goldstone mode.Furthermore,we fnd logarithmic scaling behaviors in the low-temperature phase atσ=2.The observed scaling behaviors in the low-temperature phase forσ≤2 agree with our theoretical analysis.Our fndings request further theoretical understanding and can be of practical application in cutting-edge experiments like Rydberg atom arrays.展开更多
In this article, we are concerned with the construction of global smooth small-amplitude solutions to the Cauchy problem of the one species Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann system near Maxwellians for long-range interactions....In this article, we are concerned with the construction of global smooth small-amplitude solutions to the Cauchy problem of the one species Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann system near Maxwellians for long-range interactions. Compared with the former result obtained by Duan and Liu in [12] for the two species model, we do not ask the initial perturbation to satisfy the neutral condition and our result covers all physical collision kernels for the full range of intermolecular repulsive potentials.展开更多
We generalize the computations of the long-range interactions between two parallel stacks of branes to various cases when two stacks of branes are not placed parallel to each other. We classify the nature of interacti...We generalize the computations of the long-range interactions between two parallel stacks of branes to various cases when two stacks of branes are not placed parallel to each other. We classify the nature of interaction(repulsive or attractive) for each special case and this classification can be used to justify the nature of long-range interaction between two complicated brane systems such as brane bound states. We will provide explicit examples in this paper to demonstrate this.展开更多
Based on a new definition of nonlocal variable,this paper establishes the Lagrangian formulation for continuum with internal long-range interactions.Distinguished from the existing theories,the nonlocal term in the La...Based on a new definition of nonlocal variable,this paper establishes the Lagrangian formulation for continuum with internal long-range interactions.Distinguished from the existing theories,the nonlocal term in the Lagrangian formulation automatically satisfies the zero mean condition determined by the action and reaction law.By this formulation,elastic wave in a rod with the internal long-range interactions is investigated.The dispersion of the elastic wave is predicted.展开更多
The influence of power-low long-range interactions （LRI） and helicoidal coupling （HC） on the properties of localized solitons in a DNA molecule when a ribonucleic acid polymerase （RNAP） binds to it at the physio...The influence of power-low long-range interactions （LRI） and helicoidal coupling （HC） on the properties of localized solitons in a DNA molecule when a ribonucleic acid polymerase （RNAP） binds to it at the physiological temperature is analytically and numerically investigated in this paper. We have made an analogy with the Heisenberg model Hamiltonian of an anisotropic spin ladder with ferromagnetic legs and anti-ferromagnetic rung coupling. When we limit ourselves to the second-order terms in the Taylor expansion, the DNA dynamics is found to be governed by a completely integrable nonlinear Schr？dinger （NLS） equation. In this case, results show that increasing the value of HC force or LRI parameter enhances the bubble height and reduces the number of base pairs which form the bubble. For the fourth-order terms in a Taylor expansion, results are closely resembling those of second-order terms, and are confirmed by numerical investigation. These results match with some experimental data and thus provide a better representation of the base pairs opening in DNA which is essential for the transcription process.展开更多
A new method was presented to discuss the respective roles of short-and long-range interactions in protein folding.It's based on an off-lattice model,which is also being called as toy model.Simulated annealing alg...A new method was presented to discuss the respective roles of short-and long-range interactions in protein folding.It's based on an off-lattice model,which is also being called as toy model.Simulated annealing algorithm was used to search its native conformation.When it is applied to analysis proteins 1agt and 1aho,we find that helical segment cannot fold into native conformation without the influence of long-range interactions.That's to say that long-range interactions are the main determinants in protein folding.展开更多
Critical dynamics of the random Ising model with long-range interaction decaying as r-(d+σ) where d is the dimensionality) is studied by the theoretic renormalization-group approach. The system is released to an evol...Critical dynamics of the random Ising model with long-range interaction decaying as r-(d+σ) where d is the dimensionality) is studied by the theoretic renormalization-group approach. The system is released to an evolution within a model A dynamics. Asymptotic scaling laws are studied in a frame of the expansion in = 2σ - d. In dimensions d ＜ 2σ. the dynamic exponent z is calculated to the second order in at the random fixed point.展开更多
The quantum entanglement between two spins in the Ising model with an added Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya（DM） interaction and in the presence of the transverse magnetic field is studied. The exchange interaction is consider...The quantum entanglement between two spins in the Ising model with an added Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya（DM） interaction and in the presence of the transverse magnetic field is studied. The exchange interaction is considered as a function of the distance between spins. The negativity as a function of magnetic field, exchange and DM interaction is calculated.The effect of the distance between spins is studied based on the negativity. In addition, the effect of the thermal fluctuation on the negativity is also investigated.展开更多
The problems of long-range interaction and associated questions on entangled states are reconsidered in terms of a recently developed revised quantum electrodynamic theory by the author, as being applied to subatomic ...The problems of long-range interaction and associated questions on entangled states are reconsidered in terms of a recently developed revised quantum electrodynamic theory by the author, as being applied to subatomic systems. There are indications that the theories of relativity and quantum mechanics do not necessarily have to be in conflict. But more investigations are required for a full understanding to be obtained on these problems.展开更多
In this paper we investigate the dynamics of an asymmetric exclusion process on a one-dimensional lattice with long- range hopping and random update via Monte Carlo simulations theoretically. Particles in the model wi...In this paper we investigate the dynamics of an asymmetric exclusion process on a one-dimensional lattice with long- range hopping and random update via Monte Carlo simulations theoretically. Particles in the model will firstly try to hop over successive unoccupied sites with a probability q, which is different from previous exclusion process models. The probability q may represent the random access of particles. Numerical simulations for stationary particle currents, density profiles, and phase diagrams are obtained. There are three possible stationary phases： the low density （LD） phase, high density （HD） phase, and maximal current （MC） in the system, respectively. Interestingly, bulk density in the LD phase tends to zero, while the MC phase is governed by α,β, and q. The HD phase is nearly the same as the normal TASEP, determined by exit rate β. Theoretical analysis is in good agreement with simulation results. The proposed model may provide a better understanding of random interaction dynamics in complex systems.展开更多
A quantum computer is not necessarily alone,e.g.,thousands and millions of quantum computers are simultaneously working together for adiabatic quantum computers based on nuclear spins.Long-range interaction is inevita...A quantum computer is not necessarily alone,e.g.,thousands and millions of quantum computers are simultaneously working together for adiabatic quantum computers based on nuclear spins.Long-range interaction is inevitable between these nuclear spin qubits.Here we investigate the effect of long-range dipolar interaction between different adiabatic quantum computers.Our analytical and numerical results show that the dipolar interaction can enhance the final fidelity in adiabatic quantum computation for solving the factorization problem,when the overall interaction is negative.The enhancement will become more prominent if a single quantum computer encounters an extremely small energy gap which occurs more likely for larger-size systems.展开更多
We explore the tricritical points and the critical lines of both Blume Emery Griffiths and Ising model within long-range interactions in the microcanonical ensemble.For K = Kmtp,the tricritical exponents take the val...We explore the tricritical points and the critical lines of both Blume Emery Griffiths and Ising model within long-range interactions in the microcanonical ensemble.For K = Kmtp,the tricritical exponents take the valuesβ = 1/4,1 =γ^-≠γ^+ = 1/2 and 0 =α^-≠α^+ =-1/2,which disagree with classical(mean ffeld) values.When K > Kmtp,the phase transition becomes second order and the critical exponents have classical values except close to the canonical tricritical parameters(Kctp),where the values of the critical expoents become β = 1/2,1 = γ^-≠γ^+= 2and 0 =α^-≠α^+ = 1.展开更多
Objective:Studies have shown thatβ-globin gene presents a selective expression transformation mechanism during development,and its upstream locus control region(LCR)regulates the expression pattern ofβ-globin gene f...Objective:Studies have shown thatβ-globin gene presents a selective expression transformation mechanism during development,and its upstream locus control region(LCR)regulates the expression pattern ofβ-globin gene family.To further explore the molecular network ofβ-globin gene expression regulation,other long-range regulatory elements that may be involved in the regulation ofβ-globin gene expression were screened and the dynamic regulation and transformation mechanism ofβ-globin gene was deeply studied.Methods:Promyelocytic cells were induced to differentiate by all-trans retinoic acid.β-globin gene promoter region and LCR were used as the target sites for circular chromosome conformational capture(4C)analysis.Through sequencing and regulatory element analysis,the sites interacting withβ-globin family loci were screened in the whole genome.Results:According to the results of 4C sequencing,the sites that interact with HBD promoter region and LCR were screened.Verified by chromosome conformational capture(3C),the results were consistent with those of sequencing.The functional analysis of regulatory elements by formaldehyde-assisted separation regulatory elements and Epiregio online website showed that the screening sites AC105129.4,AL354707.17,AC078785.22 and AC021646.35 were all potential regulatory elements involved inβ-globin gene.Conclusion:The interaction between 4C screening site and anchor site showed the complex spatial organization ofβ-globin family loci in the nucleus.展开更多
We investigate the parity-time(PT)symmetry-breaking quantum phase transition in a one-dimensional(1D)bosonic lattice featuring cavity-mediated long-range interactions and spatially staggered dissipation.By mapping the...We investigate the parity-time(PT)symmetry-breaking quantum phase transition in a one-dimensional(1D)bosonic lattice featuring cavity-mediated long-range interactions and spatially staggered dissipation.By mapping the system to an effective spin chain under the constraints of hard-core bosons and integrating the mean-field decoupling approach with biorthogonal basis formalism,we derive a self-consistency equation.Numerical simulation results validate that the derived equation quantitatively captures thePT-symmetry order parameter’s phase diagram.Our findings reveal that coherent hopping maintainsPTsymmetry through quantum fluctuations.Conversely,cavity-engineered long-range interactions,in synergy with staggered dissipation,act in opposition to drive symmetry breaking.This competitive interplay can inspire further exploration of tunable quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian systems.展开更多
The primary mechanism of secondary injury after cerebral ischemia may be the brain inflammation that emerges after an ischemic stroke,which promotes neuronal death and inhibits nerve tissue regeneration.As the first i...The primary mechanism of secondary injury after cerebral ischemia may be the brain inflammation that emerges after an ischemic stroke,which promotes neuronal death and inhibits nerve tissue regeneration.As the first immune cells to be activated after an ischemic stroke,microglia play an important immunomodulatory role in the progression of the condition.After an ischemic stroke,peripheral blood immune cells(mainly T cells)are recruited to the central nervous system by chemokines secreted by immune cells in the brain,where they interact with central nervous system cells(mainly microglia)to trigger a secondary neuroimmune response.This review summarizes the interactions between T cells and microglia in the immune-inflammatory processes of ischemic stroke.We found that,during ischemic stroke,T cells and microglia demonstrate a more pronounced synergistic effect.Th1,Th17,and M1 microglia can co-secrete proinflammatory factors,such as interferon-γ,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-1β,to promote neuroinflammation and exacerbate brain injury.Th2,Treg,and M2 microglia jointly secrete anti-inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-4,interleukin-10,and transforming growth factor-β,to inhibit the progression of neuroinflammation,as well as growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor to promote nerve regeneration and repair brain injury.Immune interactions between microglia and T cells influence the direction of the subsequent neuroinflammation,which in turn determines the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients.Clinical trials have been conducted on the ways to modulate the interactions between T cells and microglia toward anti-inflammatory communication using the immunosuppressant fingolimod or overdosing with Treg cells to promote neural tissue repair and reduce the damage caused by ischemic stroke.However,such studies have been relatively infrequent,and clinical experience is still insufficient.In summary,in ischemic stroke,T cell subsets and activated microglia act synergistically to regulate inflammatory progression,mainly by secreting inflammatory factors.In the future,a key research direction for ischemic stroke treatment could be rooted in the enhancement of anti-inflammatory factor secretion by promoting the generation of Th2 and Treg cells,along with the activation of M2-type microglia.These approaches may alleviate neuroinflammation and facilitate the repair of neural tissues.展开更多
Deficiency or restriction of Zn absorption in soils is one of the most common micronutrients deficient in cereal plants. To investigate critical micronutrient interaction in zinc deficiency and zinc sufficient in soil...Deficiency or restriction of Zn absorption in soils is one of the most common micronutrients deficient in cereal plants. To investigate critical micronutrient interaction in zinc deficiency and zinc sufficient in soil, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was conducted in 2023. Six wheat cultivars with different Zn efficiency were used. The cultivars were grown under Zn deficiency and adequate conditions. Results showed that in Zn deficiency conditions, with increasing Zn concentration in the roots, Fe concentrations were increased too, while the Cu and Mn concentrations decreased. In the same condition and with increasing Zn concentration in shoots, the concentrations of Fe and Mn decreased, while Cu were increased. However, by increasing Zn concentration, Fe, Cu, and Mn concentrations were increased in Zn deficiency condition in grains, as well as Zn sufficient conditions. RST (root to shoot micronutrient translocation) comparison of cultivars showed that in lack of Zn, the ability of translocation of Zn, Fe, and Mn in Zn-inefficient cultivar from root to shoot was higher than inefficient cultivar. In the same conditions, the capability of Zn-inefficient cultivar in Cu translocation from root to shoot was lower than other cultivars. In general, it seems that in Zn deficiency conditions, there are antagonistic effects among Zn, Cu and Mn and synergistic effects between Zn and Fe in the root. Also, in Zn sufficient conditions, there were synergistic effects among all studies micronutrients which include Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn.展开更多
We investigate the effects of long-range interactions on the spin wave spectra and the competition between magnetic phases on a frustrated square lattice with large spin S.Applying the spin wave theory and assisted wi...We investigate the effects of long-range interactions on the spin wave spectra and the competition between magnetic phases on a frustrated square lattice with large spin S.Applying the spin wave theory and assisted with symmetry analysis,we obtain analytical expressions for spin wave spectra of competing Neel and(π,0)stripe states of systems containing anyorder long-range interactions.In the specific case of long-range interactions with power-law decay,we find surprisingly that the staggered long-range interaction suppresses quantum fluctuation and enlarges the ordered moment,especially in the Neel state,and thus extends its phase boundary to the stripe state.Our findings illustrate the rich possibilities of the roles of long-range interactions,and advocate future investigations in other magnetic systems with different structures of interactions.展开更多
Rockbursts, which mainly affect mining roadways, are dynamic disasters arising from the surrounding rock under high stress. Understanding the interaction between supports and the surrounding rock is necessary for effe...Rockbursts, which mainly affect mining roadways, are dynamic disasters arising from the surrounding rock under high stress. Understanding the interaction between supports and the surrounding rock is necessary for effective rockburst control. In this study, the squeezing behavior of the surrounding rock is analyzed in rockburst roadways, and a mechanical model of rockbursts is established considering the dynamic support stress, thus deriving formulas and providing characteristic curves for describing the interaction between the support and surrounding rock. Design principles and parameters of supports for rockburst control are proposed. The results show that only when the geostress magnitude exceeds a critical value can it drive the formation of rockburst conditions. The main factors influencing the convergence response and rockburst occurrence around roadways are geostress, rock brittleness, uniaxial compressive strength, and roadway excavation size. Roadway support devices can play a role in controlling rockburst by suppressing the squeezing evolution of the surrounding rock towards instability points of rockburst. Further, the higher the strength and the longer the impact stroke of support devices with constant resistance, the more easily multiple balance points can be formed with the surrounding rock to control rockburst occurrence. Supports with long impact stroke allow adaptation to varying geostress levels around the roadway, aiding in rockburst control. The results offer a quantitative method for designing support systems for rockburst-prone roadways. The design criterion of supports is determined by the intersection between the convergence curve of the surrounding rock and the squeezing deformation curve of the support devices.展开更多
This work demonstrates experimentally the close relation between return currents from relativistic laser-driven target polarization and the quality of the relativistic laser–plasma interaction for laser-driven second...This work demonstrates experimentally the close relation between return currents from relativistic laser-driven target polarization and the quality of the relativistic laser–plasma interaction for laser-driven secondary sources,taking as an example ion acceleration by target normal sheath acceleration.The Pearson linear correlation of maximum return current amplitude and proton spectrum cutoff energy is found to be in the range from~0.70 to 0.94.kA-scale return currents rise in all interaction schemes where targets of any kind are charged by escaping laser-accelerated relativistic electrons.Their precise measurement is demonstrated using an inductive scheme that allows operation at high repetition rates.Thus,return currents can be used as a metrological online tool for the optimization of many laser-driven secondary sources and for diagnosing their stability.In particular,in two parametric studies of laser-driven ion acceleration,we carry out a noninvasive online measurement of return currents in a tape target system irradiated by the 1 PW VEGA-3 laser at Centro de Láseres Pulsados:first the size of the irradiated area is varied at best compression of the laser pulse;second,the pulse duration is varied by means of induced group delay dispersion at best focus.This work paves the way to the development of feedback systems that operate at the high repetition rates of PW-class lasers.展开更多
基金supports by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.52271113)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(2020JM 218)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CHD300102311405)。
文摘Catalysts with asymmetric coordination exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity due to changes in the active sites,which affect the arrangement of reactants and catalytic activity/selectivity.Hence,the exploration of the inherent characteristics of active sites within diverse coordination environments holds great significance for the experimental design of catalytic structures.Single-atom catalysts(SACs)characterized by high coordination with four carbons(26 candidates)and low coordination with dinitrogen(27candidates)are constructed using nitrogen-doped graphdiyne derivatives(NGDY)as the substrate.Additionally,5 species of dual-atom catalysts(DACs)with coexistence of both high and low coordination sites are also developed and their nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)activities are systematically investigated by density functional theory.The results indicate that metals with low coordination exhibit superior catalytic performance,such as Mo^(L)-NGDY(U_(L)=-0.30 V)and Nb^(L)-NGDY(U_(L)=-0.32 V).Furthermore,machine learning(ML)methods have deeply analyzed and elucidated the primary intrinsic characteristics that influence catalytic performance.These results not only unveil the underlying mechanisms behind the exceptional catalytic performance exhibited by low-coordination metal atoms,but also provide relevant and significant descriptors.More importantly,based on an investigation of the catalytic activity of a series of DACs,the“buffer and low-coordination accumulate”asymmetric coordination mechanism is proposed to unveil the long-range interactions between low and high coordination atoms.Due to this remote communication,MoNb-NGDY(U_(L)=-0.09/-0.37 V)exhibits the best NRR activity.This mechanism provides valuable insights into the origin of long-range bipartite interactions and inspires the design and synthesis of NRR catalysts with different coordination environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12204173 and 12275263)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301900)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 802 of China(Grant No.2023J02032)。
文摘The crossover between short-range and long-range(LR)universal behaviors remains a central theme in the physics of LR interacting systems.The competition between LR coupling and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless mechanism makes the problem more subtle and less understood in the two-dimensional(2D)XY model,a cornerstone for investigating low-dimensional phenomena and their implications in quantum computation.We study the 2D XY model with algebraically decaying interaction~1/r^(2+σ).Utilizing an advanced update strategy,we conduct LR Monte Carlo simulations of the model up to a linear size of L=8192.Our results demonstrate continuous phase transitions into a ferromagnetic phase forσ<2,which exhibit the simultaneous emergence of a long-ranged order and a power-law decaying correlation function due to the Goldstone mode.Furthermore,we fnd logarithmic scaling behaviors in the low-temperature phase atσ=2.The observed scaling behaviors in the low-temperature phase forσ≤2 agree with our theoretical analysis.Our fndings request further theoretical understanding and can be of practical application in cutting-edge experiments like Rydberg atom arrays.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiessupported by a grant from the National Science Foundation of China under contract 11501556+1 种基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation under contract 11501187supported by three grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contracts 10925103,11271160,and 11261160485
文摘In this article, we are concerned with the construction of global smooth small-amplitude solutions to the Cauchy problem of the one species Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann system near Maxwellians for long-range interactions. Compared with the former result obtained by Duan and Liu in [12] for the two species model, we do not ask the initial perturbation to satisfy the neutral condition and our result covers all physical collision kernels for the full range of intermolecular repulsive potentials.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11235010
文摘We generalize the computations of the long-range interactions between two parallel stacks of branes to various cases when two stacks of branes are not placed parallel to each other. We classify the nature of interaction(repulsive or attractive) for each special case and this classification can be used to justify the nature of long-range interaction between two complicated brane systems such as brane bound states. We will provide explicit examples in this paper to demonstrate this.
基金supported by the Aviation Science Foundation of China (20080252006)
文摘Based on a new definition of nonlocal variable,this paper establishes the Lagrangian formulation for continuum with internal long-range interactions.Distinguished from the existing theories,the nonlocal term in the Lagrangian formulation automatically satisfies the zero mean condition determined by the action and reaction law.By this formulation,elastic wave in a rod with the internal long-range interactions is investigated.The dispersion of the elastic wave is predicted.
文摘The influence of power-low long-range interactions （LRI） and helicoidal coupling （HC） on the properties of localized solitons in a DNA molecule when a ribonucleic acid polymerase （RNAP） binds to it at the physiological temperature is analytically and numerically investigated in this paper. We have made an analogy with the Heisenberg model Hamiltonian of an anisotropic spin ladder with ferromagnetic legs and anti-ferromagnetic rung coupling. When we limit ourselves to the second-order terms in the Taylor expansion, the DNA dynamics is found to be governed by a completely integrable nonlinear Schr？dinger （NLS） equation. In this case, results show that increasing the value of HC force or LRI parameter enhances the bubble height and reduces the number of base pairs which form the bubble. For the fourth-order terms in a Taylor expansion, results are closely resembling those of second-order terms, and are confirmed by numerical investigation. These results match with some experimental data and thus provide a better representation of the base pairs opening in DNA which is essential for the transcription process.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(60301009)
文摘A new method was presented to discuss the respective roles of short-and long-range interactions in protein folding.It's based on an off-lattice model,which is also being called as toy model.Simulated annealing algorithm was used to search its native conformation.When it is applied to analysis proteins 1agt and 1aho,we find that helical segment cannot fold into native conformation without the influence of long-range interactions.That's to say that long-range interactions are the main determinants in protein folding.
文摘Critical dynamics of the random Ising model with long-range interaction decaying as r-(d+σ) where d is the dimensionality) is studied by the theoretic renormalization-group approach. The system is released to an evolution within a model A dynamics. Asymptotic scaling laws are studied in a frame of the expansion in = 2σ - d. In dimensions d ＜ 2σ. the dynamic exponent z is calculated to the second order in at the random fixed point.
文摘The quantum entanglement between two spins in the Ising model with an added Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya（DM） interaction and in the presence of the transverse magnetic field is studied. The exchange interaction is considered as a function of the distance between spins. The negativity as a function of magnetic field, exchange and DM interaction is calculated.The effect of the distance between spins is studied based on the negativity. In addition, the effect of the thermal fluctuation on the negativity is also investigated.
文摘The problems of long-range interaction and associated questions on entangled states are reconsidered in terms of a recently developed revised quantum electrodynamic theory by the author, as being applied to subatomic systems. There are indications that the theories of relativity and quantum mechanics do not necessarily have to be in conflict. But more investigations are required for a full understanding to be obtained on these problems.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41274109 and 11104022)the Fund for Sichuan Youth Science and Technology Innovation Research Team(Grant No.2011JTD0013)the Creative Team Program of Chengdu University of Technology
文摘In this paper we investigate the dynamics of an asymmetric exclusion process on a one-dimensional lattice with long- range hopping and random update via Monte Carlo simulations theoretically. Particles in the model will firstly try to hop over successive unoccupied sites with a probability q, which is different from previous exclusion process models. The probability q may represent the random access of particles. Numerical simulations for stationary particle currents, density profiles, and phase diagrams are obtained. There are three possible stationary phases： the low density （LD） phase, high density （HD） phase, and maximal current （MC） in the system, respectively. Interestingly, bulk density in the LD phase tends to zero, while the MC phase is governed by α,β, and q. The HD phase is nearly the same as the normal TASEP, determined by exit rate β. Theoretical analysis is in good agreement with simulation results. The proposed model may provide a better understanding of random interaction dynamics in complex systems.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1930201,11574239 and 91836101)。
文摘A quantum computer is not necessarily alone,e.g.,thousands and millions of quantum computers are simultaneously working together for adiabatic quantum computers based on nuclear spins.Long-range interaction is inevitable between these nuclear spin qubits.Here we investigate the effect of long-range dipolar interaction between different adiabatic quantum computers.Our analytical and numerical results show that the dipolar interaction can enhance the final fidelity in adiabatic quantum computation for solving the factorization problem,when the overall interaction is negative.The enhancement will become more prominent if a single quantum computer encounters an extremely small energy gap which occurs more likely for larger-size systems.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11104032
文摘We explore the tricritical points and the critical lines of both Blume Emery Griffiths and Ising model within long-range interactions in the microcanonical ensemble.For K = Kmtp,the tricritical exponents take the valuesβ = 1/4,1 =γ^-≠γ^+ = 1/2 and 0 =α^-≠α^+ =-1/2,which disagree with classical(mean ffeld) values.When K > Kmtp,the phase transition becomes second order and the critical exponents have classical values except close to the canonical tricritical parameters(Kctp),where the values of the critical expoents become β = 1/2,1 = γ^-≠γ^+= 2and 0 =α^-≠α^+ = 1.
基金Fund Project:National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31660318)High-level Talents Project of Hainan Natural Science Foundation(No.820RC638)Innovation Project for Graduate Students in Hainan Province(No.Hys2020-377)。
文摘Objective:Studies have shown thatβ-globin gene presents a selective expression transformation mechanism during development,and its upstream locus control region(LCR)regulates the expression pattern ofβ-globin gene family.To further explore the molecular network ofβ-globin gene expression regulation,other long-range regulatory elements that may be involved in the regulation ofβ-globin gene expression were screened and the dynamic regulation and transformation mechanism ofβ-globin gene was deeply studied.Methods:Promyelocytic cells were induced to differentiate by all-trans retinoic acid.β-globin gene promoter region and LCR were used as the target sites for circular chromosome conformational capture(4C)analysis.Through sequencing and regulatory element analysis,the sites interacting withβ-globin family loci were screened in the whole genome.Results:According to the results of 4C sequencing,the sites that interact with HBD promoter region and LCR were screened.Verified by chromosome conformational capture(3C),the results were consistent with those of sequencing.The functional analysis of regulatory elements by formaldehyde-assisted separation regulatory elements and Epiregio online website showed that the screening sites AC105129.4,AL354707.17,AC078785.22 and AC021646.35 were all potential regulatory elements involved inβ-globin gene.Conclusion:The interaction between 4C screening site and anchor site showed the complex spatial organization ofβ-globin family loci in the nucleus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12375025).
文摘We investigate the parity-time(PT)symmetry-breaking quantum phase transition in a one-dimensional(1D)bosonic lattice featuring cavity-mediated long-range interactions and spatially staggered dissipation.By mapping the system to an effective spin chain under the constraints of hard-core bosons and integrating the mean-field decoupling approach with biorthogonal basis formalism,we derive a self-consistency equation.Numerical simulation results validate that the derived equation quantitatively captures thePT-symmetry order parameter’s phase diagram.Our findings reveal that coherent hopping maintainsPTsymmetry through quantum fluctuations.Conversely,cavity-engineered long-range interactions,in synergy with staggered dissipation,act in opposition to drive symmetry breaking.This competitive interplay can inspire further exploration of tunable quantum phase transitions in non-Hermitian systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82104560(to CL),U21A20400(to QW)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7232279(to XW)the Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,No.2022-JYB-JBZR-004(to XW)。
文摘The primary mechanism of secondary injury after cerebral ischemia may be the brain inflammation that emerges after an ischemic stroke,which promotes neuronal death and inhibits nerve tissue regeneration.As the first immune cells to be activated after an ischemic stroke,microglia play an important immunomodulatory role in the progression of the condition.After an ischemic stroke,peripheral blood immune cells(mainly T cells)are recruited to the central nervous system by chemokines secreted by immune cells in the brain,where they interact with central nervous system cells(mainly microglia)to trigger a secondary neuroimmune response.This review summarizes the interactions between T cells and microglia in the immune-inflammatory processes of ischemic stroke.We found that,during ischemic stroke,T cells and microglia demonstrate a more pronounced synergistic effect.Th1,Th17,and M1 microglia can co-secrete proinflammatory factors,such as interferon-γ,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-1β,to promote neuroinflammation and exacerbate brain injury.Th2,Treg,and M2 microglia jointly secrete anti-inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-4,interleukin-10,and transforming growth factor-β,to inhibit the progression of neuroinflammation,as well as growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor to promote nerve regeneration and repair brain injury.Immune interactions between microglia and T cells influence the direction of the subsequent neuroinflammation,which in turn determines the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients.Clinical trials have been conducted on the ways to modulate the interactions between T cells and microglia toward anti-inflammatory communication using the immunosuppressant fingolimod or overdosing with Treg cells to promote neural tissue repair and reduce the damage caused by ischemic stroke.However,such studies have been relatively infrequent,and clinical experience is still insufficient.In summary,in ischemic stroke,T cell subsets and activated microglia act synergistically to regulate inflammatory progression,mainly by secreting inflammatory factors.In the future,a key research direction for ischemic stroke treatment could be rooted in the enhancement of anti-inflammatory factor secretion by promoting the generation of Th2 and Treg cells,along with the activation of M2-type microglia.These approaches may alleviate neuroinflammation and facilitate the repair of neural tissues.
文摘Deficiency or restriction of Zn absorption in soils is one of the most common micronutrients deficient in cereal plants. To investigate critical micronutrient interaction in zinc deficiency and zinc sufficient in soil, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was conducted in 2023. Six wheat cultivars with different Zn efficiency were used. The cultivars were grown under Zn deficiency and adequate conditions. Results showed that in Zn deficiency conditions, with increasing Zn concentration in the roots, Fe concentrations were increased too, while the Cu and Mn concentrations decreased. In the same condition and with increasing Zn concentration in shoots, the concentrations of Fe and Mn decreased, while Cu were increased. However, by increasing Zn concentration, Fe, Cu, and Mn concentrations were increased in Zn deficiency condition in grains, as well as Zn sufficient conditions. RST (root to shoot micronutrient translocation) comparison of cultivars showed that in lack of Zn, the ability of translocation of Zn, Fe, and Mn in Zn-inefficient cultivar from root to shoot was higher than inefficient cultivar. In the same conditions, the capability of Zn-inefficient cultivar in Cu translocation from root to shoot was lower than other cultivars. In general, it seems that in Zn deficiency conditions, there are antagonistic effects among Zn, Cu and Mn and synergistic effects between Zn and Fe in the root. Also, in Zn sufficient conditions, there were synergistic effects among all studies micronutrients which include Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn.
基金supported by NKRDPC2018YFA0306001,NKRDPC-2022YFA1402802,NSFC-92165204,NSFC-11974432,GBABRF-2019A1515011337,Shenzhen International Quantum Academy(Grant No.SIQA202102)Leading Talent Program of Guangdong Special Projects(No.201626003).
文摘We investigate the effects of long-range interactions on the spin wave spectra and the competition between magnetic phases on a frustrated square lattice with large spin S.Applying the spin wave theory and assisted with symmetry analysis,we obtain analytical expressions for spin wave spectra of competing Neel and(π,0)stripe states of systems containing anyorder long-range interactions.In the specific case of long-range interactions with power-law decay,we find surprisingly that the staggered long-range interaction suppresses quantum fluctuation and enlarges the ordered moment,especially in the Neel state,and thus extends its phase boundary to the stripe state.Our findings illustrate the rich possibilities of the roles of long-range interactions,and advocate future investigations in other magnetic systems with different structures of interactions.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52304133)the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFC3004605)the Department of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province (No. 2023-BS-083)。
文摘Rockbursts, which mainly affect mining roadways, are dynamic disasters arising from the surrounding rock under high stress. Understanding the interaction between supports and the surrounding rock is necessary for effective rockburst control. In this study, the squeezing behavior of the surrounding rock is analyzed in rockburst roadways, and a mechanical model of rockbursts is established considering the dynamic support stress, thus deriving formulas and providing characteristic curves for describing the interaction between the support and surrounding rock. Design principles and parameters of supports for rockburst control are proposed. The results show that only when the geostress magnitude exceeds a critical value can it drive the formation of rockburst conditions. The main factors influencing the convergence response and rockburst occurrence around roadways are geostress, rock brittleness, uniaxial compressive strength, and roadway excavation size. Roadway support devices can play a role in controlling rockburst by suppressing the squeezing evolution of the surrounding rock towards instability points of rockburst. Further, the higher the strength and the longer the impact stroke of support devices with constant resistance, the more easily multiple balance points can be formed with the surrounding rock to control rockburst occurrence. Supports with long impact stroke allow adaptation to varying geostress levels around the roadway, aiding in rockburst control. The results offer a quantitative method for designing support systems for rockburst-prone roadways. The design criterion of supports is determined by the intersection between the convergence curve of the surrounding rock and the squeezing deformation curve of the support devices.
基金funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the European IMPULSE project under Grant Agreement No.871161from LASERLAB-EUROPE V under Grant Agreement No.871124+6 种基金from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic(Grant No.GM23-05027M)Grant No.PDC2021120933-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033by the European Union Next Generation EU/PRTRsupported by funding from the Ministerio de Ciencia,Innovación y Universidades in Spain through ICTS Equipment Grant No.EQC2018-005230-Pfrom Grant No.PID2021-125389O A-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER,UEby“ERDF A Way of Making Europe”by the European Unionfrom grants of the Junta de Castilla y León with Grant Nos.CLP263P20 and CLP087U16。
文摘This work demonstrates experimentally the close relation between return currents from relativistic laser-driven target polarization and the quality of the relativistic laser–plasma interaction for laser-driven secondary sources,taking as an example ion acceleration by target normal sheath acceleration.The Pearson linear correlation of maximum return current amplitude and proton spectrum cutoff energy is found to be in the range from~0.70 to 0.94.kA-scale return currents rise in all interaction schemes where targets of any kind are charged by escaping laser-accelerated relativistic electrons.Their precise measurement is demonstrated using an inductive scheme that allows operation at high repetition rates.Thus,return currents can be used as a metrological online tool for the optimization of many laser-driven secondary sources and for diagnosing their stability.In particular,in two parametric studies of laser-driven ion acceleration,we carry out a noninvasive online measurement of return currents in a tape target system irradiated by the 1 PW VEGA-3 laser at Centro de Láseres Pulsados:first the size of the irradiated area is varied at best compression of the laser pulse;second,the pulse duration is varied by means of induced group delay dispersion at best focus.This work paves the way to the development of feedback systems that operate at the high repetition rates of PW-class lasers.
