Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) system is often deployed to protect wireless communication from jamming or to preclude undesired reception of the signal. Such themes can only be achieved if the jammer or unde...Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) system is often deployed to protect wireless communication from jamming or to preclude undesired reception of the signal. Such themes can only be achieved if the jammer or undesired receiver does not have the knowledge of the spreading code. For this reason, unencrypted M-sequences are a deficient choice for the spreading code when a high level of security is required. The primary objective of this paper is to analyze vulnerability of linear feedback shift register (LFSRs) codes. Then, a new method based on encryption algorithm applied over spreading codes, named hidden frequency hopping is proposed to improve the security of FHSS. The proposed encryption security algorithm is highly reliable, and can be applied to all existing data communication systems based on spread spectrum techniques. Since the multi-user detection is an inherent characteristic for FHSS, the multi-user interference must be studied carefully. Hence, a new method called optimum pair “key-input” selection is proposed which reduces interference below the desired constant threshold.展开更多
Prior to hardware implementation, simulation is an important step in the study of systems such as Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA). A useful technique is presented, allowing to model and simulat...Prior to hardware implementation, simulation is an important step in the study of systems such as Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA). A useful technique is presented, allowing to model and simulate Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) for CDMA. It uses the Scilab package and its modeling tool for dynamical systems Xcos. PN-Generators are designed for the quadrature-phase modulation and the Gold Code Generator for Global Positioning System (GPS). This study gives a great flexibility in the conception of LFSR and the analysis of Maximum Length Sequences (MLS) used by spread spectrum systems. Interesting results have been obtained, which allow the verification of generated sequences and their exploitation by signal processing tools.展开更多
With the goal of achieving high stability and reliability to support underwater point-to-point communications and code division multiple access(CDMA) based underwater networks, a direct sequence spread spectrum based ...With the goal of achieving high stability and reliability to support underwater point-to-point communications and code division multiple access(CDMA) based underwater networks, a direct sequence spread spectrum based underwater acoustic communication system using dual spread spectrum code is proposed. To solve the contradictions between the information data rate and the accuracy of Doppler estimation, channel estimation, and frame synchronization, a data frame structure based on dual spread spectrum code is designed. A long spread spectrum code is used as the training sequence, which can be used for data frame detection and synchronization, Doppler estimation, and channel estimation. A short spread spectrum code is used to modulate the effective information data. A delay cross-correlation algorithm is used for Doppler estimation, and a correlation algorithm is used for channel estimation. For underwater networking, each user is assigned a different pair of spread spectrum codes. Simulation results show that the system has a good anti-multipath, anti-interference, and anti-Doppler performance, the bit error rate can be smaller than 10^(-6) when the signal-to-noise ratio is larger than-10 dB, the data rate can be as high as 355 bits/s, and the system can be used in the downlink of CDMA based networks.展开更多
由于长短码直扩码分多址(LSC-DS-CDMA)信号包含了多个用户的长码和短码,已有的直扩码分多址信号的盲伪码估计方法不再适用。为此该文提出一种基于矩阵填充和三阶相关的伪码估计方法。首先从理论上将结构复杂的LSC-DS-CDMA信号构建为多...由于长短码直扩码分多址(LSC-DS-CDMA)信号包含了多个用户的长码和短码,已有的直扩码分多址信号的盲伪码估计方法不再适用。为此该文提出一种基于矩阵填充和三阶相关的伪码估计方法。首先从理论上将结构复杂的LSC-DS-CDMA信号构建为多用户短码扩频的缺失矩阵模型,将复合码矩阵估计建模为盲源信号分离问题;然后将矩阵填充理论应用于复合码矩阵估计,提出基于奇异值阈值算法和快速独立成分分析算法的各用户复合码序列估计方法;最后利用m序列的移位相加性特性,提出延迟三阶相关算法,从各用户复合码序列中估计其包含的长短伪码序列。仿真表明,当信噪比高于-2 d B时,该文算法的长短伪码估计平均误码率低于0.1%。展开更多
文摘Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) system is often deployed to protect wireless communication from jamming or to preclude undesired reception of the signal. Such themes can only be achieved if the jammer or undesired receiver does not have the knowledge of the spreading code. For this reason, unencrypted M-sequences are a deficient choice for the spreading code when a high level of security is required. The primary objective of this paper is to analyze vulnerability of linear feedback shift register (LFSRs) codes. Then, a new method based on encryption algorithm applied over spreading codes, named hidden frequency hopping is proposed to improve the security of FHSS. The proposed encryption security algorithm is highly reliable, and can be applied to all existing data communication systems based on spread spectrum techniques. Since the multi-user detection is an inherent characteristic for FHSS, the multi-user interference must be studied carefully. Hence, a new method called optimum pair “key-input” selection is proposed which reduces interference below the desired constant threshold.
文摘Prior to hardware implementation, simulation is an important step in the study of systems such as Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA). A useful technique is presented, allowing to model and simulate Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) for CDMA. It uses the Scilab package and its modeling tool for dynamical systems Xcos. PN-Generators are designed for the quadrature-phase modulation and the Gold Code Generator for Global Positioning System (GPS). This study gives a great flexibility in the conception of LFSR and the analysis of Maximum Length Sequences (MLS) used by spread spectrum systems. Interesting results have been obtained, which allow the verification of generated sequences and their exploitation by signal processing tools.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61431005,51409235,and 61401111)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.201213004)
文摘With the goal of achieving high stability and reliability to support underwater point-to-point communications and code division multiple access(CDMA) based underwater networks, a direct sequence spread spectrum based underwater acoustic communication system using dual spread spectrum code is proposed. To solve the contradictions between the information data rate and the accuracy of Doppler estimation, channel estimation, and frame synchronization, a data frame structure based on dual spread spectrum code is designed. A long spread spectrum code is used as the training sequence, which can be used for data frame detection and synchronization, Doppler estimation, and channel estimation. A short spread spectrum code is used to modulate the effective information data. A delay cross-correlation algorithm is used for Doppler estimation, and a correlation algorithm is used for channel estimation. For underwater networking, each user is assigned a different pair of spread spectrum codes. Simulation results show that the system has a good anti-multipath, anti-interference, and anti-Doppler performance, the bit error rate can be smaller than 10^(-6) when the signal-to-noise ratio is larger than-10 dB, the data rate can be as high as 355 bits/s, and the system can be used in the downlink of CDMA based networks.
文摘由于长短码直扩码分多址(LSC-DS-CDMA)信号包含了多个用户的长码和短码,已有的直扩码分多址信号的盲伪码估计方法不再适用。为此该文提出一种基于矩阵填充和三阶相关的伪码估计方法。首先从理论上将结构复杂的LSC-DS-CDMA信号构建为多用户短码扩频的缺失矩阵模型,将复合码矩阵估计建模为盲源信号分离问题;然后将矩阵填充理论应用于复合码矩阵估计,提出基于奇异值阈值算法和快速独立成分分析算法的各用户复合码序列估计方法;最后利用m序列的移位相加性特性,提出延迟三阶相关算法,从各用户复合码序列中估计其包含的长短伪码序列。仿真表明,当信噪比高于-2 d B时,该文算法的长短伪码估计平均误码率低于0.1%。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China (69975011, 60172067, 60133020, 60325208), "863" Program (2002AA144060)Funding of China National Education Ministry, Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (013164)
