In location-aided routing of Mobile Ad hoc NETworks(MANET),nodes mobility and the inaccuracy of location information may result in constant flooding,which will reduce the network performance.In this paper,a Distance-B...In location-aided routing of Mobile Ad hoc NETworks(MANET),nodes mobility and the inaccuracy of location information may result in constant flooding,which will reduce the network performance.In this paper,a Distance-Based Location-Aided Routing(DBLAR) for MANET has been proposed.By tracing the location information of destination nodes and referring to distance change between nodes to adjust route discovery dynamically,the proposed routing algorithm can avoid flooding in the whole networks.Besides,Distance Update Threshold(DUT) is set up to reach the balance between real-time ability and update overhead of location information of nodes,meanwhile,the detection of relative distance vector can achieve the goal of adjusting forwarding condition.Simulation results reveal that DBLAR performs better than LAR1 in terms of packet successful delivery ratio,average end-to-end delay and routing-load,and the set of DUT and relative distance vector has a significant impact on this algorithm.展开更多
In view of the security weakness in resisting the active attacks by malicious nodes in mobile ad hoc networks,the trust metric is introduced to defend those attacks by loading a trust model on the previously proposed ...In view of the security weakness in resisting the active attacks by malicious nodes in mobile ad hoc networks,the trust metric is introduced to defend those attacks by loading a trust model on the previously proposed Distance-Based LAR.The improved Secure Trust-based Location-Aided Routing algorithm utilizes direct trust and recommendation trust to prevent malicious nodes with low trust values from joining the forwarding.Simulation results reveal that ST-LAR can resist attacks by malicious nodes effectively;furthermore,it also achieves better performance than DBLAR in terms of average end-to-end delay,packet delivery success ratio and throughput.展开更多
Mobile ad hoc network(MANET)is a dynamically reconfigurable wireless network with time-variable infrastructure.Given that nodes are highly mobile,MANET’s topology often changes.These changes increase the difficulty i...Mobile ad hoc network(MANET)is a dynamically reconfigurable wireless network with time-variable infrastructure.Given that nodes are highly mobile,MANET’s topology often changes.These changes increase the difficulty in finding the routes that the packets use when they are routed.This study proposes an algorithm called genetic algorithm-based location-aided routing(GALAR)to enhance the MANET routing protocol efficiency.The GALAR algorithm maintains an adaptive update of the node location information by adding the transmitting node location information to the routing packet and selecting the transmitting node to carry the packets to their destination.The GALAR was constructed based on a genetic optimization scheme that considers all contributing factors in the delivery behavior using criterion function optimization.Simulation results showed that the GALAR algorithm can make the probability of packet delivery ratio more than 99%with less network overhead.Moreover,GALAR was compared to other algorithms in terms of different network evaluation measures.The GALAR algorithm significantly outperformed the other algorithms that were used in the study.展开更多
基金Supported by National 863 High Technology Research and Development Program Foundation of China (No.2006AA-01Z208)Six Talented Eminence Foundation of Jiangsu Province (06-E-043), China+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (No.BK2007236)Scientific Innovation Project for Postgraduates of Universities in Jiangsu Province (CX08B-082Z)
文摘In location-aided routing of Mobile Ad hoc NETworks(MANET),nodes mobility and the inaccuracy of location information may result in constant flooding,which will reduce the network performance.In this paper,a Distance-Based Location-Aided Routing(DBLAR) for MANET has been proposed.By tracing the location information of destination nodes and referring to distance change between nodes to adjust route discovery dynamically,the proposed routing algorithm can avoid flooding in the whole networks.Besides,Distance Update Threshold(DUT) is set up to reach the balance between real-time ability and update overhead of location information of nodes,meanwhile,the detection of relative distance vector can achieve the goal of adjusting forwarding condition.Simulation results reveal that DBLAR performs better than LAR1 in terms of packet successful delivery ratio,average end-to-end delay and routing-load,and the set of DUT and relative distance vector has a significant impact on this algorithm.
基金supported by National Key Basic Research Program(973 Program) under Grant No.2011CB302903National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.60873231+1 种基金Key Program of Natural Science for Universities of Jiangsu Province under Grant No.10KJA510035Scientific Research Foundation of NJUPT under Grant No.NY209016,China
文摘In view of the security weakness in resisting the active attacks by malicious nodes in mobile ad hoc networks,the trust metric is introduced to defend those attacks by loading a trust model on the previously proposed Distance-Based LAR.The improved Secure Trust-based Location-Aided Routing algorithm utilizes direct trust and recommendation trust to prevent malicious nodes with low trust values from joining the forwarding.Simulation results reveal that ST-LAR can resist attacks by malicious nodes effectively;furthermore,it also achieves better performance than DBLAR in terms of average end-to-end delay,packet delivery success ratio and throughput.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University through the Fast-track Research Funding Program.
文摘Mobile ad hoc network(MANET)is a dynamically reconfigurable wireless network with time-variable infrastructure.Given that nodes are highly mobile,MANET’s topology often changes.These changes increase the difficulty in finding the routes that the packets use when they are routed.This study proposes an algorithm called genetic algorithm-based location-aided routing(GALAR)to enhance the MANET routing protocol efficiency.The GALAR algorithm maintains an adaptive update of the node location information by adding the transmitting node location information to the routing packet and selecting the transmitting node to carry the packets to their destination.The GALAR was constructed based on a genetic optimization scheme that considers all contributing factors in the delivery behavior using criterion function optimization.Simulation results showed that the GALAR algorithm can make the probability of packet delivery ratio more than 99%with less network overhead.Moreover,GALAR was compared to other algorithms in terms of different network evaluation measures.The GALAR algorithm significantly outperformed the other algorithms that were used in the study.
