Under some local superquadratic conditions on <em>W</em> (<em>t</em>, <em>u</em>) with respect to <em>u</em>, the existence of infinitely many solutions is obtained for ...Under some local superquadratic conditions on <em>W</em> (<em>t</em>, <em>u</em>) with respect to <em>u</em>, the existence of infinitely many solutions is obtained for the nonperiodic fractional Hamiltonian systems<img src="Edit_b2a2ac0a-6dde-474f-8c75-e9f5fc7b9918.bmp" alt="" />, where <em>L</em> (<em>t</em>) is unnecessarily coercive.展开更多
With abundant labor resources and the increase in policy sup port for economie development and loreign investment, Africa is becoming a new sought-after destination for investment by multinational companics.
In order to quantify the influence of external forcings on the predictability limit using observational data,the author introduced an algorithm of the conditional nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent(CNLLE)method.The eff...In order to quantify the influence of external forcings on the predictability limit using observational data,the author introduced an algorithm of the conditional nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent(CNLLE)method.The effectiveness of this algorithm is validated and compared with the nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent(NLLE)and signal-to-noise ratio methods using a coupled Lorenz model.The results show that the CNLLE method is able to capture the slow error growth constrained by external forcings,therefore,it can quantify the predictability limit induced by the external forcings.On this basis,a preliminary attempt was made to apply this method to measure the influence of ENSO on the predictability limit for both atmospheric and oceanic variable fields.The spatial distribution of the predictability limit induced by ENSO is similar to that arising from the initial conditions calculated by the NLLE method.This similarity supports ENSO as the major predictable signal for weather and climate prediction.In addition,a ratio of predictability limit(RPL)calculated by the CNLLE method to that calculated by the NLLE method was proposed.The RPL larger than 1 indicates that the external forcings can significantly benefit the long-term predictability limit.For instance,ENSO can effectively extend the predictability limit arising from the initial conditions of sea surface temperature over the tropical Indian Ocean by approximately four months,as well as the predictability limit of sea level pressure over the eastern and western Pacific Ocean.Moreover,the impact of ENSO on the geopotential height predictability limit is primarily confined to the troposphere.展开更多
Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view ...Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view to sustainable development. The territorial scale of municipalities is not sufficient for this necessary contextualization;the scale of the “village terroir” seems to be a better option. This is the hypothesis we put forward in the framework of the Global Collaboration for Resilient Food Systems program (CRFS), i.e. local context is spatially defined by village terroir. The study is based on data collected through participatory mapping and surveys in “village terroirs” in three regions of Niger (Maradi, Dosso and Tillabéri). Then the links between farm managers and their cultivated land, as well as the spatio-temporal dynamics of local context are analyzed. This study provides evidence of the existence and functional usefulness of the village terroir for farmers, their land management and their activities. It demonstrates the usefulness of contextualizing agricultural options at this scale. Their analysis elucidates the links between “terroirs village” and the specific functioning of the agrosocio-ecosystems acting on each of them, thus laying the systemic and geographical foundations for a model of the spatio- temporal dynamics of “village terroirs”. This initial work has opened up new perspectives in modeling and sustainable development.展开更多
In this paper we study the following nonlinear BSDE：y（t） ＋ ∫1 t f（s,y（s）,z（s））ds ＋ ∫1 t [z（s） ＋ g 1 （s,y（s）） ＋ εg 2 （s,y（s）,z（s））]dW s=ξ,t ∈ [0,1],where ε is a small parameter.The coeffi...In this paper we study the following nonlinear BSDE：y（t） ＋ ∫1 t f（s,y（s）,z（s））ds ＋ ∫1 t [z（s） ＋ g 1 （s,y（s）） ＋ εg 2 （s,y（s）,z（s））]dW s=ξ,t ∈ [0,1],where ε is a small parameter.The coefficient f is locally Lipschitz in y and z,the coefficient g 1 is locally Lipschitz in y,and the coefficient g 2 is uniformly Lipschitz in y and z.Let L N be the locally Lipschitz constant of the coefficients on the ball B（0,N） of R d × R d×r.We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution when L N ～ √ log N and the parameter ε is small.展开更多
To reduce the computation cost of a combined probabilistic graphical model and a deep neural network in semantic segmentation, the local region condition random field (LRCRF) model is investigated which selectively ap...To reduce the computation cost of a combined probabilistic graphical model and a deep neural network in semantic segmentation, the local region condition random field (LRCRF) model is investigated which selectively applies the condition random field (CRF) to the most active region in the image. The full convolutional network structure is optimized with the ResNet-18 structure and dilated convolution to expand the receptive field. The tracking networks are also improved based on SiameseFC by considering the frame relations in consecutive-frame traffic scene maps. Moreover, the segmentation results of the greyscale input data sets are more stable and effective than using the RGB images for deep neural network feature extraction. The experimental results show that the proposed method takes advantage of the image features directly and achieves good real-time performance and high segmentation accuracy.展开更多
In this paper, we discuss the nonlinear approximation of a variation of L1 under the local Haar condition. Theorems on characterizations (including alternations), unicity and strong unicity of the nonlinear approximat...In this paper, we discuss the nonlinear approximation of a variation of L1 under the local Haar condition. Theorems on characterizations (including alternations), unicity and strong unicity of the nonlinear approximation are obtained, the associated linear problem equivalent to the nonlinear approximation are given.展开更多
Based on governing equations of saturated porous media and Liapunov＇ s stability here, onset conditions matrix of porous media used by solid stress and Terzaghi＇s effective stress constitutive description under seep...Based on governing equations of saturated porous media and Liapunov＇ s stability here, onset conditions matrix of porous media used by solid stress and Terzaghi＇s effective stress constitutive description under seepage flow state, are presented, which have different forms with different representation of the solid phase, matrix or skeleton, constitutive model of porous media. The main difference relates with how to describe the interaction between solid phase and liquid phase in constitutive model. The derived onset condition of strain localization under Terzaghi＇ s effective stress description can be used to interpret different failure types, piping effect, landslides and mudflows, by means of the type and the magnitude ratio of relative movement between solid phase and liquid phase. Examples here illuminate the onset condition of how to work.展开更多
Let G be a 2-connected graph of order n(greater than or equal to 3). If I(u,upsilon) greater than or equal to S(u,upsilon) or max {d(u), d(upsilon)} greater than or equal to n/2 for any two vertices u, upsilon at dist...Let G be a 2-connected graph of order n(greater than or equal to 3). If I(u,upsilon) greater than or equal to S(u,upsilon) or max {d(u), d(upsilon)} greater than or equal to n/2 for any two vertices u, upsilon at distance two in an induced subgraph K-1,K-3,3 or P-3 of G, then G is hamiltonian. Here I(u,upsilon) = \N(u) boolean AND N(upsilon)\, S(u,nu) denotes the number of edges of maximum star containing u, upsilon as an induced subgraph in G.展开更多
One existence integral condition was obtained for the adapted solution of the general backward stochastic differential equations(BSDEs). Then by solving the integral constraint condition, and using a limit procedure, ...One existence integral condition was obtained for the adapted solution of the general backward stochastic differential equations(BSDEs). Then by solving the integral constraint condition, and using a limit procedure, a new approach method is proposed and the existence of the solution was proved for the BSDEs if the diffusion coefficients satisfy the locally Lipschitz condition. In the special case the solution was a Brownian bridge. The uniqueness is also considered in the meaning of "F0-integrable equivalent class" . The new approach method would give us an efficient way to control the main object instead of the "noise".展开更多
We study the convergence and asymptotic compatibility of higher order collocation methods for nonlocal operators inspired by peridynamics,a nonlocal formulation of continuum mechanics.We prove that the methods are opt...We study the convergence and asymptotic compatibility of higher order collocation methods for nonlocal operators inspired by peridynamics,a nonlocal formulation of continuum mechanics.We prove that the methods are optimally convergent with respect to the polynomial degree of the approximation.A numerical method is said to be asymptotically compatible if the sequence of approximate solutions of the nonlocal problem converges to the solution of the corresponding local problem as the horizon and the grid sizes simultaneously approach zero.We carry out a calibration process via Taylor series expansions and a scaling of the nonlocal operator via a strain energy density argument to ensure that the resulting collocation methods are asymptotically compatible.We fnd that,for polynomial degrees greater than or equal to two,there exists a calibration constant independent of the horizon size and the grid size such that the resulting collocation methods for the nonlocal difusion are asymptotically compatible.We verify these fndings through extensive numerical experiments.展开更多
In the view of new rural living environment,problems existing in the construction of current new rural living environment were analyzed so as to propose some theoretical ideas and ways for resolving the problems exist...In the view of new rural living environment,problems existing in the construction of current new rural living environment were analyzed so as to propose some theoretical ideas and ways for resolving the problems existing in the design of new rural living environment.展开更多
Pollution brought by rural domestic sewage has become increasingly serious, so it is imperative to fi gure out economical and efficient solutions. On the basis of comparison between rural domestic sewage treatment mea...Pollution brought by rural domestic sewage has become increasingly serious, so it is imperative to fi gure out economical and efficient solutions. On the basis of comparison between rural domestic sewage treatment means in China and abroad, actual conditions of countryside, current situation and features of domestic sewage, this paper adopted the compound ecological wetland system consisting of anaerobic and aerobic units, ecological floating bed and artifi cial wetland, so as to remove nitrogen and phosphorus efficiently, achieve the goal of low operation and construction cost and less land use.展开更多
The formation of the ancient town of Heijing conforms to the natural conditions and local conditions,and makes effective use of the natural mountains,water bodies,trees and other resources of the ancient town,so that ...The formation of the ancient town of Heijing conforms to the natural conditions and local conditions,and makes effective use of the natural mountains,water bodies,trees and other resources of the ancient town,so that the ancient town and nature rely on each other and unify harmoniously.Through the analysis of the environmental characteristics of the ancient town,this paper further explores its cultural connotation.展开更多
本文讨论了 E 值随机变量序列的条件一致可积性,得到了条件一致可积性的几个等价条件,由此知:M.M.Rao 对实值随机变量序列给出的关于σ代数 B 条件一致可积性的定义与 W.Zieba 给出的定义是等价的。另外,我们考察了 E 值鞅型序到在条件...本文讨论了 E 值随机变量序列的条件一致可积性,得到了条件一致可积性的几个等价条件,由此知:M.M.Rao 对实值随机变量序列给出的关于σ代数 B 条件一致可积性的定义与 W.Zieba 给出的定义是等价的。另外,我们考察了 E 值鞅型序到在条件期望下的收敛性与 E 值鞅的局部收敛性,得到了一些新结论,同时推广与改进了一些已知的结果。展开更多
A general neural network based methodology that has the potential to replace the computationally-intensive site-specific seismic analysis of structures is proposed in this paper. The basic framework of the methodology...A general neural network based methodology that has the potential to replace the computationally-intensive site-specific seismic analysis of structures is proposed in this paper. The basic framework of the methodology consists of a feed forward back propagation neural network algorithm with one hidden layer to represent the seismic potential of a region and soil amplification effects. The methodology is implemented and verified with parameters corresponding to Delhi city in India. For this purpose, strong ground motions are generated at bedrock level for a chosen site in Delhi due to earthquakes considered to originate from the central seismic gap of the Himalayan belt using necessary geological as well as geotechnical data. Surface level ground motions and corresponding site-specific response spectra are obtained by using a one-dimensional equivalent linear wave propagation model. Spectral acceleration values are considered as a target parameter to verify the performance of the methodology. Numerical studies carried out to validate the proposed methodology show that the errors in predicted spectral acceleration values are within acceptable limits for design purposes. The methodology is general in the sense that it can be applied to other seismically vulnerable regions and also can be updated by including more parameters depending on the state-of-the-art in the subject.展开更多
文摘Under some local superquadratic conditions on <em>W</em> (<em>t</em>, <em>u</em>) with respect to <em>u</em>, the existence of infinitely many solutions is obtained for the nonperiodic fractional Hamiltonian systems<img src="Edit_b2a2ac0a-6dde-474f-8c75-e9f5fc7b9918.bmp" alt="" />, where <em>L</em> (<em>t</em>) is unnecessarily coercive.
文摘With abundant labor resources and the increase in policy sup port for economie development and loreign investment, Africa is becoming a new sought-after destination for investment by multinational companics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42225501 and 42105059)the National Key Scientific and Tech-nological Infrastructure project“Earth System Numerical Simula-tion Facility”(EarthLab).
文摘In order to quantify the influence of external forcings on the predictability limit using observational data,the author introduced an algorithm of the conditional nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent(CNLLE)method.The effectiveness of this algorithm is validated and compared with the nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent(NLLE)and signal-to-noise ratio methods using a coupled Lorenz model.The results show that the CNLLE method is able to capture the slow error growth constrained by external forcings,therefore,it can quantify the predictability limit induced by the external forcings.On this basis,a preliminary attempt was made to apply this method to measure the influence of ENSO on the predictability limit for both atmospheric and oceanic variable fields.The spatial distribution of the predictability limit induced by ENSO is similar to that arising from the initial conditions calculated by the NLLE method.This similarity supports ENSO as the major predictable signal for weather and climate prediction.In addition,a ratio of predictability limit(RPL)calculated by the CNLLE method to that calculated by the NLLE method was proposed.The RPL larger than 1 indicates that the external forcings can significantly benefit the long-term predictability limit.For instance,ENSO can effectively extend the predictability limit arising from the initial conditions of sea surface temperature over the tropical Indian Ocean by approximately four months,as well as the predictability limit of sea level pressure over the eastern and western Pacific Ocean.Moreover,the impact of ENSO on the geopotential height predictability limit is primarily confined to the troposphere.
文摘Spatio-temporal variability and dynamics in Sahelian agro-pastoral zones make each local situation a special case. These specificities must be considered to guide the dissemination of agricultural options with a view to sustainable development. The territorial scale of municipalities is not sufficient for this necessary contextualization;the scale of the “village terroir” seems to be a better option. This is the hypothesis we put forward in the framework of the Global Collaboration for Resilient Food Systems program (CRFS), i.e. local context is spatially defined by village terroir. The study is based on data collected through participatory mapping and surveys in “village terroirs” in three regions of Niger (Maradi, Dosso and Tillabéri). Then the links between farm managers and their cultivated land, as well as the spatio-temporal dynamics of local context are analyzed. This study provides evidence of the existence and functional usefulness of the village terroir for farmers, their land management and their activities. It demonstrates the usefulness of contextualizing agricultural options at this scale. Their analysis elucidates the links between “terroirs village” and the specific functioning of the agrosocio-ecosystems acting on each of them, thus laying the systemic and geographical foundations for a model of the spatio- temporal dynamics of “village terroirs”. This initial work has opened up new perspectives in modeling and sustainable development.
文摘In this paper we study the following nonlinear BSDE：y（t） ＋ ∫1 t f（s,y（s）,z（s））ds ＋ ∫1 t [z（s） ＋ g 1 （s,y（s）） ＋ εg 2 （s,y（s）,z（s））]dW s=ξ,t ∈ [0,1],where ε is a small parameter.The coefficient f is locally Lipschitz in y and z,the coefficient g 1 is locally Lipschitz in y,and the coefficient g 2 is uniformly Lipschitz in y and z.Let L N be the locally Lipschitz constant of the coefficients on the ball B（0,N） of R d × R d×r.We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution when L N ～ √ log N and the parameter ε is small.
文摘To reduce the computation cost of a combined probabilistic graphical model and a deep neural network in semantic segmentation, the local region condition random field (LRCRF) model is investigated which selectively applies the condition random field (CRF) to the most active region in the image. The full convolutional network structure is optimized with the ResNet-18 structure and dilated convolution to expand the receptive field. The tracking networks are also improved based on SiameseFC by considering the frame relations in consecutive-frame traffic scene maps. Moreover, the segmentation results of the greyscale input data sets are more stable and effective than using the RGB images for deep neural network feature extraction. The experimental results show that the proposed method takes advantage of the image features directly and achieves good real-time performance and high segmentation accuracy.
文摘In this paper, we discuss the nonlinear approximation of a variation of L1 under the local Haar condition. Theorems on characterizations (including alternations), unicity and strong unicity of the nonlinear approximation are obtained, the associated linear problem equivalent to the nonlinear approximation are given.
文摘Based on governing equations of saturated porous media and Liapunov＇ s stability here, onset conditions matrix of porous media used by solid stress and Terzaghi＇s effective stress constitutive description under seepage flow state, are presented, which have different forms with different representation of the solid phase, matrix or skeleton, constitutive model of porous media. The main difference relates with how to describe the interaction between solid phase and liquid phase in constitutive model. The derived onset condition of strain localization under Terzaghi＇ s effective stress description can be used to interpret different failure types, piping effect, landslides and mudflows, by means of the type and the magnitude ratio of relative movement between solid phase and liquid phase. Examples here illuminate the onset condition of how to work.
文摘Let G be a 2-connected graph of order n(greater than or equal to 3). If I(u,upsilon) greater than or equal to S(u,upsilon) or max {d(u), d(upsilon)} greater than or equal to n/2 for any two vertices u, upsilon at distance two in an induced subgraph K-1,K-3,3 or P-3 of G, then G is hamiltonian. Here I(u,upsilon) = \N(u) boolean AND N(upsilon)\, S(u,nu) denotes the number of edges of maximum star containing u, upsilon as an induced subgraph in G.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No. 11171062 ) Natural Science Foundation for the Youth,China ( No.11101077) Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission,China ( No. 12ZZ063)
文摘One existence integral condition was obtained for the adapted solution of the general backward stochastic differential equations(BSDEs). Then by solving the integral constraint condition, and using a limit procedure, a new approach method is proposed and the existence of the solution was proved for the BSDEs if the diffusion coefficients satisfy the locally Lipschitz condition. In the special case the solution was a Brownian bridge. The uniqueness is also considered in the meaning of "F0-integrable equivalent class" . The new approach method would give us an efficient way to control the main object instead of the "noise".
文摘We study the convergence and asymptotic compatibility of higher order collocation methods for nonlocal operators inspired by peridynamics,a nonlocal formulation of continuum mechanics.We prove that the methods are optimally convergent with respect to the polynomial degree of the approximation.A numerical method is said to be asymptotically compatible if the sequence of approximate solutions of the nonlocal problem converges to the solution of the corresponding local problem as the horizon and the grid sizes simultaneously approach zero.We carry out a calibration process via Taylor series expansions and a scaling of the nonlocal operator via a strain energy density argument to ensure that the resulting collocation methods are asymptotically compatible.We fnd that,for polynomial degrees greater than or equal to two,there exists a calibration constant independent of the horizon size and the grid size such that the resulting collocation methods for the nonlocal difusion are asymptotically compatible.We verify these fndings through extensive numerical experiments.
基金Supported by Yichang Technological Research and Exploitation Project(A2010-302-24)~~
文摘In the view of new rural living environment,problems existing in the construction of current new rural living environment were analyzed so as to propose some theoretical ideas and ways for resolving the problems existing in the design of new rural living environment.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41263006,2014BAC04B02)Program of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology(20124ACB01200,20122BBG70086,20113BCB24017,20133ACF60005,20123BBF61150)Program of Jiangxi Academy of Science(JAS(2013)NO.19-06,2012-YYB-01,2013-XTPH1-14,2013H003)
文摘Pollution brought by rural domestic sewage has become increasingly serious, so it is imperative to fi gure out economical and efficient solutions. On the basis of comparison between rural domestic sewage treatment means in China and abroad, actual conditions of countryside, current situation and features of domestic sewage, this paper adopted the compound ecological wetland system consisting of anaerobic and aerobic units, ecological floating bed and artifi cial wetland, so as to remove nitrogen and phosphorus efficiently, achieve the goal of low operation and construction cost and less land use.
文摘The formation of the ancient town of Heijing conforms to the natural conditions and local conditions,and makes effective use of the natural mountains,water bodies,trees and other resources of the ancient town,so that the ancient town and nature rely on each other and unify harmoniously.Through the analysis of the environmental characteristics of the ancient town,this paper further explores its cultural connotation.
文摘本文讨论了 E 值随机变量序列的条件一致可积性,得到了条件一致可积性的几个等价条件,由此知:M.M.Rao 对实值随机变量序列给出的关于σ代数 B 条件一致可积性的定义与 W.Zieba 给出的定义是等价的。另外,我们考察了 E 值鞅型序到在条件期望下的收敛性与 E 值鞅的局部收敛性,得到了一些新结论,同时推广与改进了一些已知的结果。
文摘A general neural network based methodology that has the potential to replace the computationally-intensive site-specific seismic analysis of structures is proposed in this paper. The basic framework of the methodology consists of a feed forward back propagation neural network algorithm with one hidden layer to represent the seismic potential of a region and soil amplification effects. The methodology is implemented and verified with parameters corresponding to Delhi city in India. For this purpose, strong ground motions are generated at bedrock level for a chosen site in Delhi due to earthquakes considered to originate from the central seismic gap of the Himalayan belt using necessary geological as well as geotechnical data. Surface level ground motions and corresponding site-specific response spectra are obtained by using a one-dimensional equivalent linear wave propagation model. Spectral acceleration values are considered as a target parameter to verify the performance of the methodology. Numerical studies carried out to validate the proposed methodology show that the errors in predicted spectral acceleration values are within acceptable limits for design purposes. The methodology is general in the sense that it can be applied to other seismically vulnerable regions and also can be updated by including more parameters depending on the state-of-the-art in the subject.
