Rita rita exposed to a concentration of 6.9 mg per liter(96-h LC_(50)of an anionic detergent, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate)exhibited a gradual decrease in the lipid moieties of the epi- thelial cells,club cells,and...Rita rita exposed to a concentration of 6.9 mg per liter(96-h LC_(50)of an anionic detergent, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate)exhibited a gradual decrease in the lipid moieties of the epi- thelial cells,club cells,and goblet mucous cells lining the gill arch and gill filament epithelium. However,in time,no reaction of any of the lipid moieties could be observed,indicating the absence of the same,using various histochemical techniques.The results are discussed in light of the mechanistic understanding of detergent action.1989 Academic Press,Inc.展开更多
Background The association of E670G polymorphism in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene and serum lipid profiles is inconsistent in dif- ferent ethnic groups.Bai Ku Yao is a special subgroup...Background The association of E670G polymorphism in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene and serum lipid profiles is inconsistent in dif- ferent ethnic groups.Bai Ku Yao is a special subgroup of the Yao minority in China.The present study was undertaken association of PCSK9 E670G polymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations.Methods A total of 649 subjects of Bai Ku Yao and 646 participants of Han Chinese were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the PCSK9 E670G polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis,and then confirmed by direct sequencing. Results The levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and apolipoprotein(Apo) AI were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han(P【0.01 for all).The frequency of A and G alleles was 98.00%and 2.00%in Bai Ku Yao,and 95.20%and 4.80%in Han(P【0.01);respectively. The frequency of AA,AG and GG genotypes was 95.99%,4.01%and 0%in Bai Ku Yao,and 91.02%, 8.36%and 0.62%in Han(P【0.01);respectively.There were also significant differences in the genotypic and allelic frequencies between n and the ratio of ApoAI to ApoB in Han Chinese but not in Bai Ku Yao were different between the AA and AG/GG genotypes(P【0.05 for all).The G allele carriers had higher serum HDL-C and higher ApoAI to ApoB ratio than the G allele noncarriers.When serum lipid parameters in Han were analyzed according to sex,the G allele carriers had higher serum HDL and ApoAI levels in males (P【0.05),and lower ApoB level and higher ApoAI to ApoB ratio in females(P【0.05 for all).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum HDL-C levels were correlated with genotypes in both ethnic groups(P【0.05 each).Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with sex,age,body massindex,alcohol consumption,cigarette smoking,and blood pressure in both ethnic groups(P【0.05-0.001).Conclusions These results suggest that the PCSK9 E670G polymorphism is mainly associated with some serum lipid parameters in the Han population,both gender show different relations to different serum lipid parameters.The G allele carriers might have higher serum lipid profiles than the G allele noncarriers. ormal LDL-C(≤3.20 mmol/L) and high LDL-C subgroups (】 3.20 mmol/L,P【0.01;respectively) in Bai Ku Yao, and between normal ApoB(≤1.14 g/L) and high ApoB subgroups(】 1.14 g/L,P 【 0.01;respectively) in Han.展开更多
Several receptors have been identified as implicated on viral entry into the hepatocyte; and, this interaction between the virus and potential receptors could modulate infection, spontaneous viral clearance, persisten...Several receptors have been identified as implicated on viral entry into the hepatocyte; and, this interaction between the virus and potential receptors could modulate infection, spontaneous viral clearance, persistence of the infection and the widespread of the virus as outbreak. Nevertheless, the playing role of each of them remains controversial. The NiemannPick type C1 like 1 gene (NPC1L1) receptor has been recently implicated on hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into the cell and ezetimibe, an anti-cholesterol drug seems to block that, emerging the idea to control hepatitis C outbreak modulating lipid-related receptors. Hepatitis C infection seems to modulate lipid metabolism according to host genetic background. Indeed, it circulates like a lipoviroparticle. The main aim of this field of vision would be to discuss the role of hepatocyte receptors implicated on virus entry, especially NPC1L1 and the therapeutic options derived from the better knowledge about HCV-lipidsreceptors interaction.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the effects of Hedan Tablet（荷丹片） on serum lipid profile, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9（PSCK9） and high-density lipoprotein（HDL） subfractions in patients with hyperli...Objective： To investigate the effects of Hedan Tablet（荷丹片） on serum lipid profile, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9（PSCK9） and high-density lipoprotein（HDL） subfractions in patients with hyperlipidemia. Methods： Thirty-seven patients with hyperlipidemia were randomized to treatment with Hedan Tablet 4.38 g/day as Hedan group（18 cases） or placebo（19 cases） as control group for 8 weeks. The lipid profile, PCSK9 and HDL subfractions were determined at day 0 and week 8 in both groups respectively. Results： Hedan treatment for 8 weeks mildly decreased serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） levels, while no changes were found in total cholesterol（TC）, triglycerides（TG） and PCSK9 concentrations. Furthermore, Hedan treatment increased the concentration of large high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） and the percentage of large HDL subfraction, while decreased the concentration of small HDL-C and the percentage of small HDL subfraction without changing serum HDL-C levels in patients with hyperlipidemia. Conclusion： Hedan treatment of 4.38 g per day for 8 weeks could confer a favorable effects on serum LDL-C concentration as well as HDL subfractions.展开更多
Encapsulation of phytosterols in nanostructured lipid carriers(NLCs)is an effective approach to improve their physicochemical properties,but the interaction of phytosterols in NLCs with cholesterol can be affected by ...Encapsulation of phytosterols in nanostructured lipid carriers(NLCs)is an effective approach to improve their physicochemical properties,but the interaction of phytosterols in NLCs with cholesterol can be affected by lipid matrices.The objective of this study was to screen a desired phytosterols-loaded NLC(PS-NLC)formulation to reduce the absorption of intestinal cholesterol.A series of formulations were prepared using amphipathic glycerol monostearate(GMS)as the solid lipid fraction to increase lipid compatibity with phytosterols.All formulations showed a lowering effect on cholesterol bioaccessibility through in vitro intestinal digestion.And the PS-NLCs with medium chain triglycerides(MCT)as the liquid lipid showed significantly higher inhibition of cholesterol bioaccessibility(accessible fraction for intestinal absorption)than the formulations with long chain triglycerides(LCT),which could due to the solubilization of cholesterol by hydrolysis products of LCT,suggesting a notable impact of lipid type on cholesterol bioaccessibility.Furthermore,the analysis of distribution of phytosterols and cholesterol revealed a cocrystallization mechanism occurred during in vitro digestion.This study provides a certain reference for designing phytosterol-ingredient agents with a better hypocholesterolemic effect in water-dispersible functional foods.展开更多
Objective：To investigate the short- and long-term effects of Xuezhikang（血脂康,XZK）,an extract of Cholestin,on proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9（PCSK9） level.Methods：Thirty rats were randomly divided...Objective：To investigate the short- and long-term effects of Xuezhikang（血脂康,XZK）,an extract of Cholestin,on proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9（PCSK9） level.Methods：Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups and were given saline,XZK 1,200 mg/kg or lovastatin 10 mg/kg respectively by daily gavage for 3 days（n=10 for each）.Sixteen patients without previous iipid-lowering drug treatment for dyslipidemia received XZK 1,200 mg daily for 8 weeks.Fasting blood samples and liver tissue were collected at day 3 for rats,while the blood samples were obtained at baseline and week 8 from patients.The serum PCSK9 and lipid profile were measured.The expression of hepatic low density lipoprotein（LDL） receptor and sterol regulatory element binding protein 2（SREBP-2） were measured by real time-PCR.Results：PCSK9 levels in rats were significantly increased in the XZK and lovastatin groups（P=0.002,P=0.003 vs.control） at day 3,while no significant differences were found in the levels of lipid parameters.PCSK9 levels in patients increased by34%（P=0.006 vs.baseline） accompanied by total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol decreased by 22%and 28%（P=0.001,P=0.002 vs.baseline）.The hepatic mRNA levels of LDL-receptor and SREBP-2 were significantly increased in the XZK and lovastatin groups.Conclusion：XZK has significant impact on PCSK9 in a short- and long-term manner in both rats and humans.Moreover,the data indicated that as lovastatin,XZK increased PCSK9 levels through SREBP-2 pathway.展开更多
文摘Rita rita exposed to a concentration of 6.9 mg per liter(96-h LC_(50)of an anionic detergent, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate)exhibited a gradual decrease in the lipid moieties of the epi- thelial cells,club cells,and goblet mucous cells lining the gill arch and gill filament epithelium. However,in time,no reaction of any of the lipid moieties could be observed,indicating the absence of the same,using various histochemical techniques.The results are discussed in light of the mechanistic understanding of detergent action.1989 Academic Press,Inc.
文摘Background The association of E670G polymorphism in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene and serum lipid profiles is inconsistent in dif- ferent ethnic groups.Bai Ku Yao is a special subgroup of the Yao minority in China.The present study was undertaken association of PCSK9 E670G polymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations.Methods A total of 649 subjects of Bai Ku Yao and 646 participants of Han Chinese were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the PCSK9 E670G polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis,and then confirmed by direct sequencing. Results The levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and apolipoprotein(Apo) AI were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han(P【0.01 for all).The frequency of A and G alleles was 98.00%and 2.00%in Bai Ku Yao,and 95.20%and 4.80%in Han(P【0.01);respectively. The frequency of AA,AG and GG genotypes was 95.99%,4.01%and 0%in Bai Ku Yao,and 91.02%, 8.36%and 0.62%in Han(P【0.01);respectively.There were also significant differences in the genotypic and allelic frequencies between n and the ratio of ApoAI to ApoB in Han Chinese but not in Bai Ku Yao were different between the AA and AG/GG genotypes(P【0.05 for all).The G allele carriers had higher serum HDL-C and higher ApoAI to ApoB ratio than the G allele noncarriers.When serum lipid parameters in Han were analyzed according to sex,the G allele carriers had higher serum HDL and ApoAI levels in males (P【0.05),and lower ApoB level and higher ApoAI to ApoB ratio in females(P【0.05 for all).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum HDL-C levels were correlated with genotypes in both ethnic groups(P【0.05 each).Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with sex,age,body massindex,alcohol consumption,cigarette smoking,and blood pressure in both ethnic groups(P【0.05-0.001).Conclusions These results suggest that the PCSK9 E670G polymorphism is mainly associated with some serum lipid parameters in the Han population,both gender show different relations to different serum lipid parameters.The G allele carriers might have higher serum lipid profiles than the G allele noncarriers. ormal LDL-C(≤3.20 mmol/L) and high LDL-C subgroups (】 3.20 mmol/L,P【0.01;respectively) in Bai Ku Yao, and between normal ApoB(≤1.14 g/L) and high ApoB subgroups(】 1.14 g/L,P 【 0.01;respectively) in Han.
文摘Several receptors have been identified as implicated on viral entry into the hepatocyte; and, this interaction between the virus and potential receptors could modulate infection, spontaneous viral clearance, persistence of the infection and the widespread of the virus as outbreak. Nevertheless, the playing role of each of them remains controversial. The NiemannPick type C1 like 1 gene (NPC1L1) receptor has been recently implicated on hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into the cell and ezetimibe, an anti-cholesterol drug seems to block that, emerging the idea to control hepatitis C outbreak modulating lipid-related receptors. Hepatitis C infection seems to modulate lipid metabolism according to host genetic background. Indeed, it circulates like a lipoviroparticle. The main aim of this field of vision would be to discuss the role of hepatocyte receptors implicated on virus entry, especially NPC1L1 and the therapeutic options derived from the better knowledge about HCV-lipidsreceptors interaction.
文摘Objective： To investigate the effects of Hedan Tablet（荷丹片） on serum lipid profile, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9（PSCK9） and high-density lipoprotein（HDL） subfractions in patients with hyperlipidemia. Methods： Thirty-seven patients with hyperlipidemia were randomized to treatment with Hedan Tablet 4.38 g/day as Hedan group（18 cases） or placebo（19 cases） as control group for 8 weeks. The lipid profile, PCSK9 and HDL subfractions were determined at day 0 and week 8 in both groups respectively. Results： Hedan treatment for 8 weeks mildly decreased serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） levels, while no changes were found in total cholesterol（TC）, triglycerides（TG） and PCSK9 concentrations. Furthermore, Hedan treatment increased the concentration of large high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） and the percentage of large HDL subfraction, while decreased the concentration of small HDL-C and the percentage of small HDL subfraction without changing serum HDL-C levels in patients with hyperlipidemia. Conclusion： Hedan treatment of 4.38 g per day for 8 weeks could confer a favorable effects on serum LDL-C concentration as well as HDL subfractions.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972110).
文摘Encapsulation of phytosterols in nanostructured lipid carriers(NLCs)is an effective approach to improve their physicochemical properties,but the interaction of phytosterols in NLCs with cholesterol can be affected by lipid matrices.The objective of this study was to screen a desired phytosterols-loaded NLC(PS-NLC)formulation to reduce the absorption of intestinal cholesterol.A series of formulations were prepared using amphipathic glycerol monostearate(GMS)as the solid lipid fraction to increase lipid compatibity with phytosterols.All formulations showed a lowering effect on cholesterol bioaccessibility through in vitro intestinal digestion.And the PS-NLCs with medium chain triglycerides(MCT)as the liquid lipid showed significantly higher inhibition of cholesterol bioaccessibility(accessible fraction for intestinal absorption)than the formulations with long chain triglycerides(LCT),which could due to the solubilization of cholesterol by hydrolysis products of LCT,suggesting a notable impact of lipid type on cholesterol bioaccessibility.Furthermore,the analysis of distribution of phytosterols and cholesterol revealed a cocrystallization mechanism occurred during in vitro digestion.This study provides a certain reference for designing phytosterol-ingredient agents with a better hypocholesterolemic effect in water-dispersible functional foods.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81070171 and 81241121)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20111106110013)Fund of Capital Special Foundation of Clinical Application Research(No.Z121107001012015)
文摘Objective：To investigate the short- and long-term effects of Xuezhikang（血脂康,XZK）,an extract of Cholestin,on proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9（PCSK9） level.Methods：Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups and were given saline,XZK 1,200 mg/kg or lovastatin 10 mg/kg respectively by daily gavage for 3 days（n=10 for each）.Sixteen patients without previous iipid-lowering drug treatment for dyslipidemia received XZK 1,200 mg daily for 8 weeks.Fasting blood samples and liver tissue were collected at day 3 for rats,while the blood samples were obtained at baseline and week 8 from patients.The serum PCSK9 and lipid profile were measured.The expression of hepatic low density lipoprotein（LDL） receptor and sterol regulatory element binding protein 2（SREBP-2） were measured by real time-PCR.Results：PCSK9 levels in rats were significantly increased in the XZK and lovastatin groups（P=0.002,P=0.003 vs.control） at day 3,while no significant differences were found in the levels of lipid parameters.PCSK9 levels in patients increased by34%（P=0.006 vs.baseline） accompanied by total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol decreased by 22%and 28%（P=0.001,P=0.002 vs.baseline）.The hepatic mRNA levels of LDL-receptor and SREBP-2 were significantly increased in the XZK and lovastatin groups.Conclusion：XZK has significant impact on PCSK9 in a short- and long-term manner in both rats and humans.Moreover,the data indicated that as lovastatin,XZK increased PCSK9 levels through SREBP-2 pathway.
