Linking words,also called transition words,are quite useful in English expressions.Linking words are not the same as conjunctions,although some conjunctions can function as linking words.Here's a clear explanation...Linking words,also called transition words,are quite useful in English expressions.Linking words are not the same as conjunctions,although some conjunctions can function as linking words.Here's a clear explanation for English learners,followed by a wellorganized passage on the functions of linking words in writing and communication.展开更多
AIM：To compare the effectiveness and safety between modified cross-linking（MC）and standard cross-linking（SC）in mild or moderate progressive keratoconus.METHODS：Eligible studies were retrieved from four electroni...AIM：To compare the effectiveness and safety between modified cross-linking（MC）and standard cross-linking（SC）in mild or moderate progressive keratoconus.METHODS：Eligible studies were retrieved from four electronic databases,including CENTRAL,Clinical Trials gov,Pup Med and OVID MEDLINE.We set post-surgical maximum K value（Kmax）as the primary outcome.In addition,uncorrected and corrected distant visual acuity（UDVA and UDVA）,spherical equivalent（SE）,endothelial cell density（ECD）,central cornea thickness（CCT）and depth of demarcation line（DDL）were Meta-analyzed as secondary outcomes.Mean differences for these outcomes were pooled through either a random-effect model or fixed-effect model according to data heterogeneity.RESULTS：Twenty-four comparative studies either on accelerated cross-linking（AC）compared with SC or on transepithelial cross-linking（TC）compared with SC were included and pooled for analysis.The results indicated that MC was significantly inferior to SC at delaying Kmax deterioration[AC vs SC 0.49（95%CI：0.04-0.94,I2=75%,P=0.03）;TC vs SC 1.15（95%CI：0.54-1.75,I2=50%,P=0.0002）].SE decreased significantly for SC when compared to AC[0.62（95%CI：0.38-0.86,I2=22%,P〈0.00001）].DDL of SC was more significantly deeper than that of TC[-133.49（95%CI：-145.94 to-121.04,I2=33%,P〈0.00001）].Other outcomes demonstrated comparable results between MC and SC.CONCLUSION：SC is more favorable at halting the progression of keratoconus,but visual acuity improvement showed comparable results between MCs and SC.展开更多
1.Introduction Mobile communications have catalyzed a new era of informa-tion technology revolution,significantly broadening and deepen-ing human-to-human,human-to-machine,and machine-to-machine connections.With their...1.Introduction Mobile communications have catalyzed a new era of informa-tion technology revolution,significantly broadening and deepen-ing human-to-human,human-to-machine,and machine-to-machine connections.With their incredible speed of development and wide-reaching impact,mobile communications serve as the cornerstone of the Internet of Everything,profoundly reshaping human cognitive abilities and ways of thinking.Furthermore,mobile communications are altering the patterns of production and life,driving leaps in productivity quality,and strongly promot-ing innovation within human civilization.展开更多
A buckling-restrained steel plate shear wall(BRSPSW)structure with butterfly-shaped links on the lateral sides is introduced to improve the cooperative perfor-mance between the BRSPSW and the boundary frames.A one-spa...A buckling-restrained steel plate shear wall(BRSPSW)structure with butterfly-shaped links on the lateral sides is introduced to improve the cooperative perfor-mance between the BRSPSW and the boundary frames.A one-span two-story concrete-filled steel tube(CFT)column frame specimen equipped with lateral-side butterfly-shaped linked BRSPSWs(LBL-BRSPSWs)is evaluated under low-cycle reversed loading.A finite element(FE)model is developed and validated based on the test results.This FE model accurately simulates the failure modes and load-dis-placement curves.Parametric analyses are conducted on the butterfly-shaped links.The results show that the interactions between the CFT column frame and LBL-BRSPSWs are sig-nificantly influenced by the width ratio of the butterfly-shaped links,while the taper ratio and aspect ratio have relatively minor influences.Compared with traditional steel shear walls with four-sided connections,LBL-BRSPSWs reduce the additional axial forces and bending moments in the frame columns by 28%to 73%and 17%to 87%,respectively,with only a 9%to 30%decrease in the lateral resistance.The experimental and parametric analysis results indicate that setting butterfly-shaped links on the lateral sides of BRSPSWs can significantly enhance their cooperative performance with the boundary frame.The butterfly-shaped link width ratio has a linear relationship with the lateral-resistance performance of the specimens and the additional internal forces in the frame columns.To ensure that LBL-BRSPSW fails prior to the column frames,the link width ratio should be optimized.展开更多
Currently,the link prediction algorithms primarily focus on studying the interaction between nodes based on chain structure and star structure,which predominantly rely on low-order structural information and do not ex...Currently,the link prediction algorithms primarily focus on studying the interaction between nodes based on chain structure and star structure,which predominantly rely on low-order structural information and do not explore the multivariate interactions between nodes from the perspective of higher-order structural information present in the network.The cycle structure is a higher-order structure that lies between the star and clique structures,where all nodes within the same cycle can interact with each other,even in the absence of direct edges.If a node is encompassed by multiple cycles,it indicates that the node interacts and associates with a greater number of nodes in the network,and it means the node is more important in the network to some extent.Furthermore,if two nodes are included in multiple cycles,it signifies the two nodes are more likely to be connected.Therefore,firstly,a multi-information fusion node importance algorithm based on the cycle structure information is proposed,which integrates both high-order and low-order structural information.Secondly,the obtained integrated structure information and node feature information is regarded as the input features,a two-channel graph neural network model is designed to learn the cycle structure information.Then,the cycle structure information is utilised for the task of link prediction,and a graph neural link predictor with multi-information interactions based on the cycle structure is developed.Finally,extensive experimental validation and analysis show that the node ranking result of the proposed node importance index is more consistent with the actual situation,the proposed graph neural network model can effectively learn the cycle structure information,and using higher-order structural information—cycle information proves to significantly enhance the overall link prediction performance.展开更多
Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have unique properties with broad applications, yet constructing both knotted and linked topologies from the same ligand remains challenging due to their distinct geometric de...Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have unique properties with broad applications, yet constructing both knotted and linked topologies from the same ligand remains challenging due to their distinct geometric demands. To address this, we design and synthesize a conformationally adaptive ligand 4,7-bis(3-(pyridin-4-yl) phenyl) benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (L1) with a tunable torsional angle θ of N1C1C2N2 ranging from 7.5° to 108.9°. Utilizing coordination-driven self-assembly at ambient temperature, L1 selectively assembles with binuclear half-sandwich units RhB1, RhB2, RhB3, and RhB4 featuring Cp*^(Rh^(Ⅲ)) (Cp* = η^(5)-pentam-ethylcyclopentadienyl) into distinct topologies: Solomon links Rh-1, trefoil knots Rh-2, molecular tweezers Rh 3, and Rh-4, respectively. Crucially, the self-adaptability of ligand L1 directs topology formation through pro-gramming different combination of noncovalent interactions (π-x stacking, CH..π interaction, and lone pair-π interaction), thus navigating divergent assembly pathways by conformational switching, as evidenced by X-ray crystallography analysis, independent gradient model (IGM) analysis, detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF/MS). This strategy can also be extended to construct Cp*^(Irl^(Ⅲ)) analogs (Solomon links Ir-1, trefoil knots Ir-2, molecular tweezers Ir-3 and Ir-4), demonstrating metal-independent control and achieving intricate topologies in a high yield.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application of“tertiary hospitals-secondary hospitals and nursing care institutions-community-family”four-dimensional linkage care model in peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods:99 cases of p...Objective:To explore the application of“tertiary hospitals-secondary hospitals and nursing care institutions-community-family”four-dimensional linkage care model in peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods:99 cases of peritoneal dialysis patients were divided into 47 cases in the control group and 52 cases in the intervention group.In the control group,the routine discharge follow-up model was adopted;in the intervention group,the hospital-led medical unit was adopted as the basis of the“tertiary hospitals-secondary hospitals and nursing care institutions-community-family”quadruple linkage care model,and the patients’systolic blood pressure was compared with those in the control group before and after discharge.The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide,and sodium were compared between the two groups.Results:The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide,and blood sodium of patients in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group(all P<0.001).Conclusion:Based on the“tertiary hospital-secondary hospital and nursing home-community-family”quadratic care model,the blood pressure control rate of elderly peritoneal dialysis patients can be increased to meet the standard,reduce the symptoms of the disease,and improve the satisfaction.展开更多
Although supramolecular transformations have been emerged as a potent strategy for transitioning between various topologies,post-modification induced topological transformations have never been explored in the context...Although supramolecular transformations have been emerged as a potent strategy for transitioning between various topologies,post-modification induced topological transformations have never been explored in the context of[2]catenane topologies.In this study,we present a novel supramolecular transformation between a Hopf link and a macrocycle,induced by the Diels–Alder click reaction.By strategically selecting the half-sandwich ruthenium binuclear fragment B as a rigid capping agent,we successfully integrated tetrazine moieties into the metalla[2]catenane structure.We demonstrated that the introduction of 2,5-norbornadiene(NBD)as an external stimulus allows for the transformation of the novel metalla[2]catenane,featuring reactive tetrazine sites,into the corresponding monomeric ring through postmodification for the first time.The synthetic results are corroborated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis,ESI-TOF/MS,elemental analysis,and detailed solution-state NMR techniques.展开更多
Temporal link prediction has attracted increasingattention in various fields of complex networkanalysis, which has important value in the theory andapplication. However, many existing similarity-basedtemporal link pre...Temporal link prediction has attracted increasingattention in various fields of complex networkanalysis, which has important value in the theory andapplication. However, many existing similarity-basedtemporal link prediction methods, only analyze the influenceof the edge or the point, ignoring the influenceof the structures in the network. In this paper, boththe spatial-domain model and the time-domain modelare taken into consideration, and a novel temporal linkprediction method based on the evolution of motif features(TLP-EMF) is proposed. Firstly, a new generalizedsemi-triangle motif is proposed. And the multilevelcontribution of motif point (MP) and motif edge(ME) are described, which is based on the relationshipbetween the full-triangle and the semi-triangle. Secondly,the motif point density (MPD) index and themotif edge density (MED) index are also proposed ina similar way. Thirdly, a novel motif character fusionindex (MCF) and a novel motif character density index(MCD) are proposed for the spatial-informationprocessing. Furthermore, a novel forecasting model ofthe adaptive exponential weighted moving (AEWM)method is proposed for the time-domain evolution. Ituses the one-order exponential function to fit the effectof time evolution and uses the global attenuationparameter to adaptively quantify the changes in exponentialparameters. Experiments on three real social network data sets show that the proposed method caneffectively improve the accuracy of temporal link prediction.展开更多
文摘Linking words,also called transition words,are quite useful in English expressions.Linking words are not the same as conjunctions,although some conjunctions can function as linking words.Here's a clear explanation for English learners,followed by a wellorganized passage on the functions of linking words in writing and communication.
文摘AIM：To compare the effectiveness and safety between modified cross-linking（MC）and standard cross-linking（SC）in mild or moderate progressive keratoconus.METHODS：Eligible studies were retrieved from four electronic databases,including CENTRAL,Clinical Trials gov,Pup Med and OVID MEDLINE.We set post-surgical maximum K value（Kmax）as the primary outcome.In addition,uncorrected and corrected distant visual acuity（UDVA and UDVA）,spherical equivalent（SE）,endothelial cell density（ECD）,central cornea thickness（CCT）and depth of demarcation line（DDL）were Meta-analyzed as secondary outcomes.Mean differences for these outcomes were pooled through either a random-effect model or fixed-effect model according to data heterogeneity.RESULTS：Twenty-four comparative studies either on accelerated cross-linking（AC）compared with SC or on transepithelial cross-linking（TC）compared with SC were included and pooled for analysis.The results indicated that MC was significantly inferior to SC at delaying Kmax deterioration[AC vs SC 0.49（95%CI：0.04-0.94,I2=75%,P=0.03）;TC vs SC 1.15（95%CI：0.54-1.75,I2=50%,P=0.0002）].SE decreased significantly for SC when compared to AC[0.62（95%CI：0.38-0.86,I2=22%,P〈0.00001）].DDL of SC was more significantly deeper than that of TC[-133.49（95%CI：-145.94 to-121.04,I2=33%,P〈0.00001）].Other outcomes demonstrated comparable results between MC and SC.CONCLUSION：SC is more favorable at halting the progression of keratoconus,but visual acuity improvement showed comparable results between MCs and SC.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Develop-ment Program of China(2019YFB1803400).
文摘1.Introduction Mobile communications have catalyzed a new era of informa-tion technology revolution,significantly broadening and deepen-ing human-to-human,human-to-machine,and machine-to-machine connections.With their incredible speed of development and wide-reaching impact,mobile communications serve as the cornerstone of the Internet of Everything,profoundly reshaping human cognitive abilities and ways of thinking.Furthermore,mobile communications are altering the patterns of production and life,driving leaps in productivity quality,and strongly promot-ing innovation within human civilization.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3805005)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission Research Program(No.22DZ1201404).
文摘A buckling-restrained steel plate shear wall(BRSPSW)structure with butterfly-shaped links on the lateral sides is introduced to improve the cooperative perfor-mance between the BRSPSW and the boundary frames.A one-span two-story concrete-filled steel tube(CFT)column frame specimen equipped with lateral-side butterfly-shaped linked BRSPSWs(LBL-BRSPSWs)is evaluated under low-cycle reversed loading.A finite element(FE)model is developed and validated based on the test results.This FE model accurately simulates the failure modes and load-dis-placement curves.Parametric analyses are conducted on the butterfly-shaped links.The results show that the interactions between the CFT column frame and LBL-BRSPSWs are sig-nificantly influenced by the width ratio of the butterfly-shaped links,while the taper ratio and aspect ratio have relatively minor influences.Compared with traditional steel shear walls with four-sided connections,LBL-BRSPSWs reduce the additional axial forces and bending moments in the frame columns by 28%to 73%and 17%to 87%,respectively,with only a 9%to 30%decrease in the lateral resistance.The experimental and parametric analysis results indicate that setting butterfly-shaped links on the lateral sides of BRSPSWs can significantly enhance their cooperative performance with the boundary frame.The butterfly-shaped link width ratio has a linear relationship with the lateral-resistance performance of the specimens and the additional internal forces in the frame columns.To ensure that LBL-BRSPSW fails prior to the column frames,the link width ratio should be optimized.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2020YFC1523300Construction of Innovation Platform Program of Qinghai Province of China,Grant/Award Number:2022-ZJ-T02。
文摘Currently,the link prediction algorithms primarily focus on studying the interaction between nodes based on chain structure and star structure,which predominantly rely on low-order structural information and do not explore the multivariate interactions between nodes from the perspective of higher-order structural information present in the network.The cycle structure is a higher-order structure that lies between the star and clique structures,where all nodes within the same cycle can interact with each other,even in the absence of direct edges.If a node is encompassed by multiple cycles,it indicates that the node interacts and associates with a greater number of nodes in the network,and it means the node is more important in the network to some extent.Furthermore,if two nodes are included in multiple cycles,it signifies the two nodes are more likely to be connected.Therefore,firstly,a multi-information fusion node importance algorithm based on the cycle structure information is proposed,which integrates both high-order and low-order structural information.Secondly,the obtained integrated structure information and node feature information is regarded as the input features,a two-channel graph neural network model is designed to learn the cycle structure information.Then,the cycle structure information is utilised for the task of link prediction,and a graph neural link predictor with multi-information interactions based on the cycle structure is developed.Finally,extensive experimental validation and analysis show that the node ranking result of the proposed node importance index is more consistent with the actual situation,the proposed graph neural network model can effectively learn the cycle structure information,and using higher-order structural information—cycle information proves to significantly enhance the overall link prediction performance.
基金Department of Chemistry,Fudan Uni-versity,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22031003,21720102004)the Shanghai Science Technology Committee(19DZ227010O)the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a Humboldt Research Award.
文摘Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have unique properties with broad applications, yet constructing both knotted and linked topologies from the same ligand remains challenging due to their distinct geometric demands. To address this, we design and synthesize a conformationally adaptive ligand 4,7-bis(3-(pyridin-4-yl) phenyl) benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (L1) with a tunable torsional angle θ of N1C1C2N2 ranging from 7.5° to 108.9°. Utilizing coordination-driven self-assembly at ambient temperature, L1 selectively assembles with binuclear half-sandwich units RhB1, RhB2, RhB3, and RhB4 featuring Cp*^(Rh^(Ⅲ)) (Cp* = η^(5)-pentam-ethylcyclopentadienyl) into distinct topologies: Solomon links Rh-1, trefoil knots Rh-2, molecular tweezers Rh 3, and Rh-4, respectively. Crucially, the self-adaptability of ligand L1 directs topology formation through pro-gramming different combination of noncovalent interactions (π-x stacking, CH..π interaction, and lone pair-π interaction), thus navigating divergent assembly pathways by conformational switching, as evidenced by X-ray crystallography analysis, independent gradient model (IGM) analysis, detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF/MS). This strategy can also be extended to construct Cp*^(Irl^(Ⅲ)) analogs (Solomon links Ir-1, trefoil knots Ir-2, molecular tweezers Ir-3 and Ir-4), demonstrating metal-independent control and achieving intricate topologies in a high yield.
文摘Objective:To explore the application of“tertiary hospitals-secondary hospitals and nursing care institutions-community-family”four-dimensional linkage care model in peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods:99 cases of peritoneal dialysis patients were divided into 47 cases in the control group and 52 cases in the intervention group.In the control group,the routine discharge follow-up model was adopted;in the intervention group,the hospital-led medical unit was adopted as the basis of the“tertiary hospitals-secondary hospitals and nursing care institutions-community-family”quadruple linkage care model,and the patients’systolic blood pressure was compared with those in the control group before and after discharge.The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide,and sodium were compared between the two groups.Results:The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide,and blood sodium of patients in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group(all P<0.001).Conclusion:Based on the“tertiary hospital-secondary hospital and nursing home-community-family”quadratic care model,the blood pressure control rate of elderly peritoneal dialysis patients can be increased to meet the standard,reduce the symptoms of the disease,and improve the satisfaction.
基金the Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youth(No.202203021212408)the Shanxi Normal University Quality Curriculum(No.2019YZKC-13)the 1331 Project of Shanxi Province。
文摘Although supramolecular transformations have been emerged as a potent strategy for transitioning between various topologies,post-modification induced topological transformations have never been explored in the context of[2]catenane topologies.In this study,we present a novel supramolecular transformation between a Hopf link and a macrocycle,induced by the Diels–Alder click reaction.By strategically selecting the half-sandwich ruthenium binuclear fragment B as a rigid capping agent,we successfully integrated tetrazine moieties into the metalla[2]catenane structure.We demonstrated that the introduction of 2,5-norbornadiene(NBD)as an external stimulus allows for the transformation of the novel metalla[2]catenane,featuring reactive tetrazine sites,into the corresponding monomeric ring through postmodification for the first time.The synthetic results are corroborated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis,ESI-TOF/MS,elemental analysis,and detailed solution-state NMR techniques.
文摘Temporal link prediction has attracted increasingattention in various fields of complex networkanalysis, which has important value in the theory andapplication. However, many existing similarity-basedtemporal link prediction methods, only analyze the influenceof the edge or the point, ignoring the influenceof the structures in the network. In this paper, boththe spatial-domain model and the time-domain modelare taken into consideration, and a novel temporal linkprediction method based on the evolution of motif features(TLP-EMF) is proposed. Firstly, a new generalizedsemi-triangle motif is proposed. And the multilevelcontribution of motif point (MP) and motif edge(ME) are described, which is based on the relationshipbetween the full-triangle and the semi-triangle. Secondly,the motif point density (MPD) index and themotif edge density (MED) index are also proposed ina similar way. Thirdly, a novel motif character fusionindex (MCF) and a novel motif character density index(MCD) are proposed for the spatial-informationprocessing. Furthermore, a novel forecasting model ofthe adaptive exponential weighted moving (AEWM)method is proposed for the time-domain evolution. Ituses the one-order exponential function to fit the effectof time evolution and uses the global attenuationparameter to adaptively quantify the changes in exponentialparameters. Experiments on three real social network data sets show that the proposed method caneffectively improve the accuracy of temporal link prediction.
