This paper aims to find unit cost of a product for firms. It establishes a linear cost model to find unit cost. Linear goal programs assume a direct relationship between independent variable and dependent variable. De...This paper aims to find unit cost of a product for firms. It establishes a linear cost model to find unit cost. Linear goal programs assume a direct relationship between independent variable and dependent variable. Dependent variable of linear model is unit cost. Independent variables are cost accounting variables. They are supply cost, labor cost, and administration cost. This study assumes a direct relationship between supply-labor-administration costs and unit cost. Therefore, it establishes a linear cost model. The major research question of this study is to apply linear goal programming to cost accounting. The goal of this linear program is to find unit cost of product. This study uses quantitative method and human capital method. The main research result is linear costing model itself.展开更多
In this paper, we discuss the problem of guaranteed cost control for uncertain linear systems subject to actuator saturation. Based on the quadratic and non-quadratic Lyapunov functions, sufficient conditions for the ...In this paper, we discuss the problem of guaranteed cost control for uncertain linear systems subject to actuator saturation. Based on the quadratic and non-quadratic Lyapunov functions, sufficient conditions for the robust stability and performance are derived. Moreover, all the conditions can be expressed as linear matrix inequalities （LMIs） or bilinear matrix inequalities （BMIs） in terms of the feedback gain. Thus, the static controller can be effectively synthesized via convex optimization. A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
In this paper,the problem of guaranteed cost control for a class of uncertain discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems with mode-dependent time-delays and a given quadratic cost function are investigated. Attention...In this paper,the problem of guaranteed cost control for a class of uncertain discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems with mode-dependent time-delays and a given quadratic cost function are investigated. Attention is focused on designing a memoryless state feedback control law such that the closed-loop system is robust stochastically stable and the closed-loop cost function value is not more than a specified upper bound,for all admissible uncertainties. The key features of the approach include the introduction of a new type of suitable stochastic Lyapunov functional and free weighting matrices techniques. Sufficient conditions for the existence of such controller are obtained in terms of a set of linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is given to illustrate the less conservatism of the proposed techniques.展开更多
This paper concerns the robust non-fragile guaranteed cost control for nonlinear time delay discrete-time systems based on Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） model. The problem is to design a guaranteed cost state feedback control...This paper concerns the robust non-fragile guaranteed cost control for nonlinear time delay discrete-time systems based on Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） model. The problem is to design a guaranteed cost state feedback controller which can tolerate uncertainties from both models and gain variation. Sufficient conditions for the existence of such controller are given based on the linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach combined with Lyapunov method and inequality technique. A numerical example is given to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our result.展开更多
We describe a new active-set, cutting-plane Constraint Optimal Selection Technique (COST) for solving general linear programming problems. We describe strategies to bound the initial problem and simultaneously add mul...We describe a new active-set, cutting-plane Constraint Optimal Selection Technique (COST) for solving general linear programming problems. We describe strategies to bound the initial problem and simultaneously add multiple constraints. We give an interpretation of the new COST’s selection rule, which considers both the depth of constraints as well as their angles from the objective function. We provide computational comparisons of the COST with existing linear programming algorithms, including other COSTs in the literature, for some large-scale problems. Finally, we discuss conclusions and future research.展开更多
This paper deals with the problem of singular linear quadratic performance with the worst-disturbance rejection for descriptor systems. Under the conditions we give, the worst-disturbance and the optimal control-state...This paper deals with the problem of singular linear quadratic performance with the worst-disturbance rejection for descriptor systems. Under the conditions we give, the worst-disturbance and the optimal control-state pair are unique respectively, the optimal control can be synthesized as state feedback and the closed-loop system is regular, stable and impulse-free.展开更多
Byproduct gas is an important secondary energy in iron and steel industry, and its optimization is vital to cost reduction. With the development of iron and steel industry to be more eco-friendly, it is necessary to c...Byproduct gas is an important secondary energy in iron and steel industry, and its optimization is vital to cost reduction. With the development of iron and steel industry to be more eco-friendly, it is necessary to construct an integrated optimized system, taking economics, energy consumption and environment into consideration. Therefore, the environmental cost caused by pollutants discharge should be factored in total cost when optimizing byproduct gas distribution. A green mixed integer linear programming （MILP） model for the optimization of byproduct gases was established to reduce total cost, including both operation cost and environmental cost. The operation cost included penalty for gas deviation, costs of fuel and water consumption, holder booster trip penalty, and so forth; while the environmental cost consisted of penalties for both direct and indirect pollutants discharge. Case study showed that the proposed model brought an optimum solution and 2.2% of the total cost could be reduced compared with previous one.展开更多
The purpose of this research was to develop a new approach in determination of overhaul and maintenance cost of loading equipment in surface mining. Two statistical models including univariate exponential regression (...The purpose of this research was to develop a new approach in determination of overhaul and maintenance cost of loading equipment in surface mining. Two statistical models including univariate exponential regression (UER) and multivariate linear regression (MLR) were used in this study. Loading equipment parameters such as bucket capacity, machine weight, engine power, boom length, digging depth, and dumping height were considered as variables. The results obtained by models and mean absolute error rate indicate that these models can be applied as the useful tool in determination of overhaul and maintenance cost of loading equipment. The results of this study can be used by the decision-makers for the specific surface mining operations.展开更多
The robust reliable guaranteed cost control for uncertain singular delay systems with actuator failures and a given quadratic cost function is studied. The system under consideration involves constant time-delay and n...The robust reliable guaranteed cost control for uncertain singular delay systems with actuator failures and a given quadratic cost function is studied. The system under consideration involves constant time-delay and norm-bounded parameter uncertainties. The purpose is to design state feedback controllers which can tolerate actuator failure, such that the closed-loop system is stable, and the specified cost function has an upper bound for all admissible uncertainties. The sufficient conditions for the solvability of this problem are obtained by a linear matrix inequality （LMI） method. Furthermore, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.展开更多
Selecting diets by quantitative techniques is becoming increasingly common. Linear programming is the most popular technique for the selection of least cost mixes of food to meet specific nutritional requirements for ...Selecting diets by quantitative techniques is becoming increasingly common. Linear programming is the most popular technique for the selection of least cost mixes of food to meet specific nutritional requirements for a particular group of persons for either general health or disease-related reason. Hypertension is a silent killer and its prevalence rate especially in the developing countries, which has been mostly associated to demographic, environmental and genetic factors, is becoming alarming. The DASH diet has been clinically proven to prevent and control hypertension. In this paper, a model that provides a Daily Optimal (minimum cost) DASH Diet plan for people with hypertension is formulated. The objective is to obtain daily minimum cost diet plans that satisfy the DASH Diets’ nutrients Tolerable Upper and Lower Intake for different daily Calorie Levels. The formulated DASH diet model was further illustrated using real data set with food samples gotten from the DASH eating plan chart. A DASH diet model for a hypertensive person with a 2000-daily-caloric need was formulated and its optimal diet plan for a day obtained with a total cost of 944.41 Naira. Optimal diet plans for other recommended daily calorie levels were also obtained.展开更多
In this present paper, an inventory model with a generalised exponential decreasing demand is considered. A numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the model. Sensitivity analysis of the optimal sol...In this present paper, an inventory model with a generalised exponential decreasing demand is considered. A numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the model. Sensitivity analysis of the optimal solution with respect to various parameters is carried out to see the effect of parameter changes on the solution.展开更多
We apply the simplex algorithm which is a branch of linear programming to efficiently determine the allocation of resources required to operate a company in the software development field. The main aim of applying thi...We apply the simplex algorithm which is a branch of linear programming to efficiently determine the allocation of resources required to operate a company in the software development field. The main aim of applying this technique is to maximize the profit of a company under certain limitations. This <span>can be done using the trial-and-error approach. However, this tedious</span> process can be replaced by user-level tools such as Excel which are based on linear programming that will give more accurate results. Small software companies cannot afford to hire a high number of senior programmers to produce the required level of quality and to keep up with the demand for adding new features. On the other hand, lowering the quality of the product will reduce the number of customers and decrease profit. Another aspect is maximizing the utilization of hosting servers which are required for providing the services to customers since the cost of buying servers and maintaining them is extremely high. The simplex algorithm in linear programming will take the specified <span>constraints into account to compute the optimal allocation of the available</span> <span>resources to maximize profit and limit the cost. This paper will present a</span> <span>model that uses the simplex algorithm with a set of constraints to determine</span> how many projects of each type a company should take in one period of time.展开更多
This paper focuses on the problem of non-fragile decentralized guaranteed cost control for uncertain neutral large-scale interconnected systems with time-varying delays in state,control input and interconnections.A no...This paper focuses on the problem of non-fragile decentralized guaranteed cost control for uncertain neutral large-scale interconnected systems with time-varying delays in state,control input and interconnections.A novel scheme,viewing the interconnections with time-varying delays as effective information but not disturbances,is developed.Based on Lyapunov stability theory,using various techniques of decomposing and magnifying matrices,a design method of the non-fragile decentralized guaranteed cost controller for unperturbed neutral large-scale interconnected systems is proposed and the guaranteed cost is presented.The further results are derived for the uncertain case from the criterion of unperturbed neutral large-scale interconnected systems.Finally,an illustrative example shows that the results are significantly better than the existing results in the literatures.展开更多
This paper considers the guaranteed cost control problem for a class of uncertain linear systems with both state and input delays. By representing the time-delay system in the descriptor system form and using a recent...This paper considers the guaranteed cost control problem for a class of uncertain linear systems with both state and input delays. By representing the time-delay system in the descriptor system form and using a recent result on bounding of cross products of vectors, we obtain new delay-dependent sufficient conditions for the existence of the guaranteed cost controller in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Two examples are presented which show the effectiveness of our approach.展开更多
This paper considers the guaranteed cost control problem for a class of two-dimensional (2-D) uncertain discrete systems described by the Fornasini-Marchesini (FM) first model with norm-bounded uncertainties. New line...This paper considers the guaranteed cost control problem for a class of two-dimensional (2-D) uncertain discrete systems described by the Fornasini-Marchesini (FM) first model with norm-bounded uncertainties. New linear matrix inequality (LMI) based characterizations are presented for the existence of static-state feedback guaranteed cost controller which guarantees not only the asymptotic stability of closed loop systems, but also an adequate performance bound over all the admissible parameter uncertainties. Moreover, a convex optimization problem is formulated to select the suboptimal guaranteed cost controller which minimizes the upper bound of the closed-loop cost function.展开更多
According to the increasing requirement of the wind energy utilization and the dynamic stability in the variable speed variable pitch wind power generation system, a linear parameter varying （LPV） system model is es...According to the increasing requirement of the wind energy utilization and the dynamic stability in the variable speed variable pitch wind power generation system, a linear parameter varying （LPV） system model is established and a new adaptive robust guaranteed cost controller （AGCC） is proposed in this paper. First, the uncertain parameters of the system are estimated by using the adaptive method, then the estimated uncertain parameters and robust guaranteed cost control method are used to design a state feedback controller. The controller s feedback gain is obtained by solving a set of linear matrix inequality （LMI） constraints, such that the controller can meet a quadratic performance evaluation criterion. The simulation results show that we can realize the goal of maximum wind energy capture in low wind speed by the optimal torque control and constant power control in high wind speed by variable pitch control with good dynamic characteristics, robustness and the ability of suppressing disturbance.展开更多
The study of the development cost of general aviation aircraft is limited by small samples with many cost-driven factors. This paper investigates a parametric modeling method for prediction of the development cost of ...The study of the development cost of general aviation aircraft is limited by small samples with many cost-driven factors. This paper investigates a parametric modeling method for prediction of the development cost of general aviation aircraft. The proposed technique depends on some principal components, acquired by utilizing P value analysis and gray correlation analysis. According to these principal components, the corresponding linear regression and BP neural network models are established respectively. The feasibility and accuracy of the P value analysis are verified by comparing results of model fitting and prediction. A sensitivity analysis related to model precision and suitability is discussed in detail. Results obtained in this study show that the proposed method not only has a certain degree of versatility, but also provides a preliminary prediction of the development cost of general aviation aircraft.展开更多
文摘This paper aims to find unit cost of a product for firms. It establishes a linear cost model to find unit cost. Linear goal programs assume a direct relationship between independent variable and dependent variable. Dependent variable of linear model is unit cost. Independent variables are cost accounting variables. They are supply cost, labor cost, and administration cost. This study assumes a direct relationship between supply-labor-administration costs and unit cost. Therefore, it establishes a linear cost model. The major research question of this study is to apply linear goal programming to cost accounting. The goal of this linear program is to find unit cost of product. This study uses quantitative method and human capital method. The main research result is linear costing model itself.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60704004)
文摘In this paper, we discuss the problem of guaranteed cost control for uncertain linear systems subject to actuator saturation. Based on the quadratic and non-quadratic Lyapunov functions, sufficient conditions for the robust stability and performance are derived. Moreover, all the conditions can be expressed as linear matrix inequalities （LMIs） or bilinear matrix inequalities （BMIs） in terms of the feedback gain. Thus, the static controller can be effectively synthesized via convex optimization. A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the method.
基金Sponsored by the National Defense Basic Research Foundation of China (Grant No. 9140A17030207HT01)
文摘In this paper,the problem of guaranteed cost control for a class of uncertain discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems with mode-dependent time-delays and a given quadratic cost function are investigated. Attention is focused on designing a memoryless state feedback control law such that the closed-loop system is robust stochastically stable and the closed-loop cost function value is not more than a specified upper bound,for all admissible uncertainties. The key features of the approach include the introduction of a new type of suitable stochastic Lyapunov functional and free weighting matrices techniques. Sufficient conditions for the existence of such controller are obtained in terms of a set of linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is given to illustrate the less conservatism of the proposed techniques.
文摘This paper concerns the robust non-fragile guaranteed cost control for nonlinear time delay discrete-time systems based on Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） model. The problem is to design a guaranteed cost state feedback controller which can tolerate uncertainties from both models and gain variation. Sufficient conditions for the existence of such controller are given based on the linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach combined with Lyapunov method and inequality technique. A numerical example is given to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our result.
文摘We describe a new active-set, cutting-plane Constraint Optimal Selection Technique (COST) for solving general linear programming problems. We describe strategies to bound the initial problem and simultaneously add multiple constraints. We give an interpretation of the new COST’s selection rule, which considers both the depth of constraints as well as their angles from the objective function. We provide computational comparisons of the COST with existing linear programming algorithms, including other COSTs in the literature, for some large-scale problems. Finally, we discuss conclusions and future research.
基金This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. Y2004A05, Y2004A07)Science Technology Planning Project of Shandong Provincial Education Department(No. J05P51) and Science Research Foundation of Shandong Economic University
文摘This paper deals with the problem of singular linear quadratic performance with the worst-disturbance rejection for descriptor systems. Under the conditions we give, the worst-disturbance and the optimal control-state pair are unique respectively, the optimal control can be synthesized as state feedback and the closed-loop system is regular, stable and impulse-free.
基金Sponsored by Beijing Social Science Foundation of China(14JGC110)Social Science Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education of China(SM201510038011)CUEB Foundation of China(2014XJG005)
文摘Byproduct gas is an important secondary energy in iron and steel industry, and its optimization is vital to cost reduction. With the development of iron and steel industry to be more eco-friendly, it is necessary to construct an integrated optimized system, taking economics, energy consumption and environment into consideration. Therefore, the environmental cost caused by pollutants discharge should be factored in total cost when optimizing byproduct gas distribution. A green mixed integer linear programming （MILP） model for the optimization of byproduct gases was established to reduce total cost, including both operation cost and environmental cost. The operation cost included penalty for gas deviation, costs of fuel and water consumption, holder booster trip penalty, and so forth; while the environmental cost consisted of penalties for both direct and indirect pollutants discharge. Case study showed that the proposed model brought an optimum solution and 2.2% of the total cost could be reduced compared with previous one.
文摘The purpose of this research was to develop a new approach in determination of overhaul and maintenance cost of loading equipment in surface mining. Two statistical models including univariate exponential regression (UER) and multivariate linear regression (MLR) were used in this study. Loading equipment parameters such as bucket capacity, machine weight, engine power, boom length, digging depth, and dumping height were considered as variables. The results obtained by models and mean absolute error rate indicate that these models can be applied as the useful tool in determination of overhaul and maintenance cost of loading equipment. The results of this study can be used by the decision-makers for the specific surface mining operations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60564001)the Program for New Century Excellent Talentsin University (NCET-06-0756)
文摘The robust reliable guaranteed cost control for uncertain singular delay systems with actuator failures and a given quadratic cost function is studied. The system under consideration involves constant time-delay and norm-bounded parameter uncertainties. The purpose is to design state feedback controllers which can tolerate actuator failure, such that the closed-loop system is stable, and the specified cost function has an upper bound for all admissible uncertainties. The sufficient conditions for the solvability of this problem are obtained by a linear matrix inequality （LMI） method. Furthermore, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.
文摘Selecting diets by quantitative techniques is becoming increasingly common. Linear programming is the most popular technique for the selection of least cost mixes of food to meet specific nutritional requirements for a particular group of persons for either general health or disease-related reason. Hypertension is a silent killer and its prevalence rate especially in the developing countries, which has been mostly associated to demographic, environmental and genetic factors, is becoming alarming. The DASH diet has been clinically proven to prevent and control hypertension. In this paper, a model that provides a Daily Optimal (minimum cost) DASH Diet plan for people with hypertension is formulated. The objective is to obtain daily minimum cost diet plans that satisfy the DASH Diets’ nutrients Tolerable Upper and Lower Intake for different daily Calorie Levels. The formulated DASH diet model was further illustrated using real data set with food samples gotten from the DASH eating plan chart. A DASH diet model for a hypertensive person with a 2000-daily-caloric need was formulated and its optimal diet plan for a day obtained with a total cost of 944.41 Naira. Optimal diet plans for other recommended daily calorie levels were also obtained.
文摘In this present paper, an inventory model with a generalised exponential decreasing demand is considered. A numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the model. Sensitivity analysis of the optimal solution with respect to various parameters is carried out to see the effect of parameter changes on the solution.
文摘We apply the simplex algorithm which is a branch of linear programming to efficiently determine the allocation of resources required to operate a company in the software development field. The main aim of applying this technique is to maximize the profit of a company under certain limitations. This <span>can be done using the trial-and-error approach. However, this tedious</span> process can be replaced by user-level tools such as Excel which are based on linear programming that will give more accurate results. Small software companies cannot afford to hire a high number of senior programmers to produce the required level of quality and to keep up with the demand for adding new features. On the other hand, lowering the quality of the product will reduce the number of customers and decrease profit. Another aspect is maximizing the utilization of hosting servers which are required for providing the services to customers since the cost of buying servers and maintaining them is extremely high. The simplex algorithm in linear programming will take the specified <span>constraints into account to compute the optimal allocation of the available</span> <span>resources to maximize profit and limit the cost. This paper will present a</span> <span>model that uses the simplex algorithm with a set of constraints to determine</span> how many projects of each type a company should take in one period of time.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6057401160972164+1 种基金60904101)the Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department(2009A544)
文摘This paper focuses on the problem of non-fragile decentralized guaranteed cost control for uncertain neutral large-scale interconnected systems with time-varying delays in state,control input and interconnections.A novel scheme,viewing the interconnections with time-varying delays as effective information but not disturbances,is developed.Based on Lyapunov stability theory,using various techniques of decomposing and magnifying matrices,a design method of the non-fragile decentralized guaranteed cost controller for unperturbed neutral large-scale interconnected systems is proposed and the guaranteed cost is presented.The further results are derived for the uncertain case from the criterion of unperturbed neutral large-scale interconnected systems.Finally,an illustrative example shows that the results are significantly better than the existing results in the literatures.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10461001).
文摘This paper considers the guaranteed cost control problem for a class of uncertain linear systems with both state and input delays. By representing the time-delay system in the descriptor system form and using a recent result on bounding of cross products of vectors, we obtain new delay-dependent sufficient conditions for the existence of the guaranteed cost controller in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Two examples are presented which show the effectiveness of our approach.
文摘This paper considers the guaranteed cost control problem for a class of two-dimensional (2-D) uncertain discrete systems described by the Fornasini-Marchesini (FM) first model with norm-bounded uncertainties. New linear matrix inequality (LMI) based characterizations are presented for the existence of static-state feedback guaranteed cost controller which guarantees not only the asymptotic stability of closed loop systems, but also an adequate performance bound over all the admissible parameter uncertainties. Moreover, a convex optimization problem is formulated to select the suboptimal guaranteed cost controller which minimizes the upper bound of the closed-loop cost function.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No. F2012203088)
文摘According to the increasing requirement of the wind energy utilization and the dynamic stability in the variable speed variable pitch wind power generation system, a linear parameter varying （LPV） system model is established and a new adaptive robust guaranteed cost controller （AGCC） is proposed in this paper. First, the uncertain parameters of the system are estimated by using the adaptive method, then the estimated uncertain parameters and robust guaranteed cost control method are used to design a state feedback controller. The controller s feedback gain is obtained by solving a set of linear matrix inequality （LMI） constraints, such that the controller can meet a quadratic performance evaluation criterion. The simulation results show that we can realize the goal of maximum wind energy capture in low wind speed by the optimal torque control and constant power control in high wind speed by variable pitch control with good dynamic characteristics, robustness and the ability of suppressing disturbance.
基金supported by the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents, Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (No. 2017M610740)supports from Hefei General Aviation Research Institute, Beihang University
文摘The study of the development cost of general aviation aircraft is limited by small samples with many cost-driven factors. This paper investigates a parametric modeling method for prediction of the development cost of general aviation aircraft. The proposed technique depends on some principal components, acquired by utilizing P value analysis and gray correlation analysis. According to these principal components, the corresponding linear regression and BP neural network models are established respectively. The feasibility and accuracy of the P value analysis are verified by comparing results of model fitting and prediction. A sensitivity analysis related to model precision and suitability is discussed in detail. Results obtained in this study show that the proposed method not only has a certain degree of versatility, but also provides a preliminary prediction of the development cost of general aviation aircraft.
