At present,there is currently a lack of unified standard methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater in China.The precision and trueness of related detection technologies have not yet been systema...At present,there is currently a lack of unified standard methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater in China.The precision and trueness of related detection technologies have not yet been systematically and quantitatively evaluated,which limits the effective implementation of environmental monitoring.In response to this key technical gap,this study aimed to establish a standardized method for determining antimony in groundwater using Hydride Generation–Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry(HG-AFS).Ten laboratories participated in inter-laboratory collaborative tests,and the statistical analysis of the test data was carried out in strict accordance with the technical specifications of GB/T 6379.2—2004 and GB/T 6379.4—2006.The consistency and outliers of the data were tested by Mandel's h and k statistics,the Grubbs test and the Cochran test,and the outliers were removed to optimize the data,thereby significantly improving the reliability and accuracy.Based on the optimized data,parameters such as the repeatability limit(r),reproducibility limit(R),and method bias value(δ)were determined,and the trueness of the method was statistically evaluated.At the same time,precision-function relationships were established,and all results met the requirements.The results show that the lower the antimony content,the lower the repeatability limit(r)and reproducibility limit(R),indicating that the measurement error mainly originates from the detection limit of the method and instrument sensitivity.Therefore,improving the instrument sensitivity and reducing the detection limit are the keys to controlling the analytical error and improving precision.This study provides reliable data support and a solid technical foundation for the establishment and evaluation of standardized methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater.展开更多
Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,an...Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,and patient education,persist.With the growing progress of artificial intelligence,particularly large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT,new applications have emerged in the field of LT.Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application,from clinical settings to research and education.ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals,by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work,but also LT recipients by providing accurate information.Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork.Additionally,the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability.Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications,there are certain ethical and practical limitations.Key concerns include patient data privacy,information accuracy,misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework.Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT.The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT,highlighting both opportunities and limitations,while also providing future possible applications.展开更多
Chinese authorities have introduced a speed limit for new electric mopeds and banned sales of older models in the name of safety.Delivery riders worry the changes will cut the number of orders they can complete each d...Chinese authorities have introduced a speed limit for new electric mopeds and banned sales of older models in the name of safety.Delivery riders worry the changes will cut the number of orders they can complete each day,and their incomes By Wahg Shihan and Xie Ying.展开更多
Low-cost and high-safety aqueous Zn-I_(2) batteries attract extensive attention for large-scale energy storage systems.However,polyiodide shuttling and sluggish iodine conversion reactions lead to inferior rate capabi...Low-cost and high-safety aqueous Zn-I_(2) batteries attract extensive attention for large-scale energy storage systems.However,polyiodide shuttling and sluggish iodine conversion reactions lead to inferior rate capability and severe capacity decay.Herein,a three-dimensional polyaniline is wrapped by carboxylcarbon nanotubes(denoted as C-PANI)which is designed as a catalytic cathode to effectively boost iodine conversion with suppressed polyiodide shuttling,thereby improving Zn-I_(2) batteries.Specifically,carboxyl-carbon nanotubes serve as a proton reservoir for more protonated-NH+=sites in PANI chains,achieving a direct I0/I−reaction for suppressed polyiodide generation and Zn corrosion.Attributing to this“proton-iodine”regulation,catalytic protonated C-PANI strongly fixes electrolytic iodine species and stores proton ions simultaneously through reversible-N=/-NH^(+)-reaction.Therefore,the electrolytic Zn-I_(2) battery with C-PANI cathode exhibits an impressive capacity of 420 mAh g^(−1) and ultra-long lifespan over 40,000 cycles.Additionally,a 60 mAh pouch cell was assembled with excellent cycling stability after 100 cycles,providing new insights into exploring effective organocatalysts for superb Zn-halogen batteries.展开更多
In existing studies, most slope stability analyses concentrate on conditions with constant temperature, assuming the slope is intact, and employ the Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) failure criterion for saturated soil to character...In existing studies, most slope stability analyses concentrate on conditions with constant temperature, assuming the slope is intact, and employ the Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) failure criterion for saturated soil to characterize the strength of the backfill. However, the actual working temperature of slopes varies, and natural phenomena such as rainfall and groundwater infiltration commonly result in unsaturated soil conditions, with cracks typically present in cohesive slopes. This study introduces a novel approach for assessing the stability of unsaturated soil stepped slopes under varying temperatures, incorporating the effects of open and vertical cracks. Utilizing the kinematic approach and gravity increase method, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) rotational wedge failure mechanism to simulate slope collapse, enhancing the traditional two-dimensional analyses. We integrated temperature-dependent functions and nonlinear shear strength equations to evaluate the impact of temperature on four typical unsaturated soil types. A particle swarm optimization algorithm was employed to calculate the safety factor, ensuring our method’s accuracy by comparing it with existing studies. The results indicate that considering 3D effects yields a higher safety factor, while cracks reduce slope stability. Each unsaturated soil exhibits a distinctive temperature response curve, highlighting the importance of understanding soil types in the design phase.展开更多
The worm wheel whose undercutting characteristic is researched is a member of offsetting normal arc-toothed cylindrical worm drive.The tooth profile of the worm in its offsetting normal section is a circular arc.The n...The worm wheel whose undercutting characteristic is researched is a member of offsetting normal arc-toothed cylindrical worm drive.The tooth profile of the worm in its offsetting normal section is a circular arc.The normal vector used to calculate the first-type limit function is determined in the natural frame without the aid of the curvature parameter of worm helicoid.The first-type limit line is ascertained via solving the nonlinear equations iteratively.It is discovered that one first-type limit line exists on the tooth surface of worm wheel by numerical simulation,and such a line is normally located out of the meshing zone.Only one intersection point exists between the first and second-types of limit lines,and this point is a lubrication weak point.The undercutting mechanism is essentially that a part of the meshing zone near the conjugated line of worm tooth crest will come into the undercutting area and will be cut off during machining the worm wheel.The machining simulation verifies the correctness of undercutting mechanism.Moreover,a convenient and practical characteristic quantity is proposed to judge whether the undercutting exists in the whole meshing zone via computing the first-type limit function values on the worm tooth crest.展开更多
The problem of collision avoidance for non-cooperative targets has received significant attention from researchers in recent years.Non-cooperative targets exhibit uncertain states and unpredictable behaviors,making co...The problem of collision avoidance for non-cooperative targets has received significant attention from researchers in recent years.Non-cooperative targets exhibit uncertain states and unpredictable behaviors,making collision avoidance significantly more challenging than that for space debris.Much existing research focuses on the continuous thrust model,whereas the impulsive maneuver model is more appropriate for long-duration and long-distance avoidance missions.Additionally,it is important to minimize the impact on the original mission while avoiding noncooperative targets.On the other hand,the existing avoidance algorithms are computationally complex and time-consuming especially with the limited computing capability of the on-board computer,posing challenges for practical engineering applications.To conquer these difficulties,this paper makes the following key contributions:(A)a turn-based(sequential decision-making)limited-area impulsive collision avoidance model considering the time delay of precision orbit determination is established for the first time;(B)a novel Selection Probability Learning Adaptive Search-depth Search Tree(SPL-ASST)algorithm is proposed for non-cooperative target avoidance,which improves the decision-making efficiency by introducing an adaptive-search-depth mechanism and a neural network into the traditional Monte Carlo Tree Search(MCTS).Numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.展开更多
This article examines the influence of annealing temperature on fracture toughness and forming limit curves of dissimilar aluminum/silver sheets.In the cold roll bonding process,after brushing and acid washing,the pre...This article examines the influence of annealing temperature on fracture toughness and forming limit curves of dissimilar aluminum/silver sheets.In the cold roll bonding process,after brushing and acid washing,the prepared surfaces are placed on top of each other and by rolling with reduction more than 50%,the bonding between layers is established.In this research,the roll bonding process was done at room temperature,without the use of lubricants and with a 70%thickness reduction.Then,the final thickness of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet reached 350μm by several stages of cold rolling.Before cold rolling,it should be noted that to decrease the hardness created due to plastic deformation,the roll-bonded samples were subjected to annealing heat treatment at 400℃for 90 min.Thus,the final samples were annealed at 200,300 and 400℃for 90 min and cooled in a furnace to examine the annealing temperature effects.The uniaxial tensile and microhardness tests measured mechanical properties.Also,to investigate the fracture mechanism,the fractography of the cross-section was examined by scanning electron microscope(SEM).To evaluate the formability of Ag/Al bilayer sheets,forming limit curves were obtained experimentally through the Nakazima test.The resistance of composites to failure due to cracking was also investigated by fracture toughness.The results showed that annealing increases the elongation and formability of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet while reduces the ultimate tensile strength and fracture toughness.However,the changing trend is not the same at different temperatures,and according to the results,the most significant effect is obtained at 300℃and aluminum layers.It was also determined that by increasing annealing temperature,the fracture mechanism from shear ductile with small and shallow dimples becomes ductile with deep cavities.展开更多
This paper deals with the monotonicity of limit wave speed c0(h)to a perturbed g KdV equation.We show the decrease of c0(h)by combining the analytic method and the numerical technique.Our results solve a special case ...This paper deals with the monotonicity of limit wave speed c0(h)to a perturbed g KdV equation.We show the decrease of c0(h)by combining the analytic method and the numerical technique.Our results solve a special case of the open question presented by Yan et al.,and the method potentially provides a way to study the monotonicity of c0(h)for general m∈N^(+).展开更多
This letter critically evaluates Jiang et al's article on the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions using Emax and platelet count.Despite notable findings,significant methodological and interpretat...This letter critically evaluates Jiang et al's article on the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions using Emax and platelet count.Despite notable findings,significant methodological and interpretative limitations are identified.The study lacks detailed assay conditions for Emax measurement,employs inadequate statistical methods without robust multivariate analysis,and does not provide clinically relevant threshold values.The nomogram's reliance on Emax as a major diagnostic contributor is questionable due to attenuation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with cirrhosis.Moreover,the study's limitations,such as selection bias and confounding factors,are not adequately addressed.Future research should adopt more rigorous methodologies,including prospective studies with larger cohorts and standardized protocols for biomarker measurement,to enhance validity and clinical applicability.展开更多
Foot reflexology is a non-invasive and safe complementary therapy that works by massaging the reflex zones of the feet and exerts systemic or whole-body regulation through meridian nerve conduction.This therapy is com...Foot reflexology is a non-invasive and safe complementary therapy that works by massaging the reflex zones of the feet and exerts systemic or whole-body regulation through meridian nerve conduction.This therapy is commonly used in the treatment of various conditions such as autism and Parkinson's disease.However,there is limited reporting on the use of foot reflexology therapy for infants with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL).Currently,there is no definitive conclusion on how foot reflexology therapy can influence hearing.This editorial holds some guiding significance regarding this clinical issue.The aim is to present physiological evidence of how foot reflexology therapy can impact infants with SNHL,thereby enhancing clinician’s awareness of foot reflexology in treating infants with SNHL.展开更多
A theoretical analysis on the perforation of Weldox 460E steel plates struck by flat-nosed projectiles is presented using a previously developed model within a unified framework.This model contains a dimensionless emp...A theoretical analysis on the perforation of Weldox 460E steel plates struck by flat-nosed projectiles is presented using a previously developed model within a unified framework.This model contains a dimensionless empirical equation to describe the variation of energy absorbed through global deformation as a function of impact velocity.The study further investigates the energy absorption mechanisms of Weldox 460E steel plates,with particular focus on the“plateau”phenomenon,i.e.,limited increase in ballistic limit with increasing plate thickness.This phenomenon is explained and compared with results from previously studied 2024-T351 aluminium plates.The model predictions agree well with experimental data for Weldox 460E steel plates impacted by flat-nosed projectiles,including:relationship between global deformation and impact velocity,ballistic limit,residual velocity,and critical conditions for the transition of failure modes.Moreover,the model effectively predicts the“plateau”phenomenon observed in intermediate plate thickness range.It is also found that the indentation absorption energy contributes a significantly larger fraction of the total absorption energy in Weldox 460E steel plates perforated by flat-nosed projectiles than in 2024-T351 aluminium plates,due to the differences in material properties.展开更多
The paper considers the methodology for a comprehensive analysis of the stability of an open pit-dump system,using limit equilibrium(LEM)and finite element(FEM)methods in the Russian CAE(computer-aided engineering)sof...The paper considers the methodology for a comprehensive analysis of the stability of an open pit-dump system,using limit equilibrium(LEM)and finite element(FEM)methods in the Russian CAE(computer-aided engineering)software Fidesys.It briefly highlights the issues of comparing limit equilibrium methods using the VNIMI(Research Institute of Geomechanics and Mine Surveying-Intersectoral Scientific Center"VNIMI")methodology and a specialized software product with numerical methods.The main focus of this study is to compare the results of the stability analysis in the volumetric model of the open pit-dump system using limit equilibrium and finite element methods in the CAE software Fidesys.It was found that,when modeling the combined operation of an open pit-dump system in complex terrain,both methods should be used,as each has its own advantages.The finite element method,for instance,has certain features that are not present in the calculations using the limit equilibrium approach.As a key scientific contribution,this paper introduces an automation program for calculating the stability of open-pit walls using the limit equilibrium method in CAE Fidesys,which was not previously integrated in the original software.The calculations performed with the use of this newly developed module were compared to those obtained from other widely used software solutions available on the market.The findings demonstrate a remarkable level of convergence in the calculation results for all relevant parameters,including the safety factor,localization,instability type,and deformation.The proposed approach i mproves the accuracy of calculati ons and ensures consistency between the higher stress design zones and the actual deformation and fracture patterns.It also enhances the ability to predict the behavior of rock mass when calculating stability parameters for facilities,both during operation and desi gn.展开更多
In order to study the preferred skin color for printing images,two CMYK images from ISO 400 and one from iStock,including five skin color images of East Asian females was selected in this study.The images were adjuste...In order to study the preferred skin color for printing images,two CMYK images from ISO 400 and one from iStock,including five skin color images of East Asian females was selected in this study.The images were adjusted with the CMYK printing ink volume variation of the single,double and triple channels in the given 280%total ink limit conditions.A larger number of color vision normal observers were organized to carry out the color preference evaluation experiment,and the selected preferred skin colors were analyzed.The distribution range of the chromaticity values for skin color images were obtained and the results indicated that there are three regions for printing skin color preferences,and the observers have a memory preference for brighter,fairer skin colors in young female and a reddish skin colors in girl,which can provide the guidance for color adjustment of printed skin color images.展开更多
In this paper,we study the following pseudo-relativistic Hartree equation i∂_(t)Ψ-(|x|^(-1)*|Ψ|^(2))Ψwith(t,x)∈R×R^(3)We mainly focus on the normalized ground state solitary waves of the formΨ(t,x)=e^(itμ)...In this paper,we study the following pseudo-relativistic Hartree equation i∂_(t)Ψ-(|x|^(-1)*|Ψ|^(2))Ψwith(t,x)∈R×R^(3)We mainly focus on the normalized ground state solitary waves of the formΨ(t,x)=e^(itμ)φm(x)with||φm||_(2)^(2)=N.We investigate limit behaviors of energy and minimizer of the corresponding frinetional of this equationas m→+∞.We prove that m_(k)^(-3/2)φm_(k)→φ∞(x)in H^(-1/2(R^(3)))by energy method and lim_(m→+∞)+m^(-1)e(N)=e(N),whereφ_(m)(β∞)is a minimizer of e(N)(e(N).展开更多
Recently,information acquired at the canopy top,such as spectral and textural data,has been widely used to estimate plant nitrogen(N)accumulation(PNA).The response of crops to N uptake involves not only changes in hor...Recently,information acquired at the canopy top,such as spectral and textural data,has been widely used to estimate plant nitrogen(N)accumulation(PNA).The response of crops to N uptake involves not only changes in horizontal canopy top information but also an increase in vertical plant height(PH).It remains unclear whether the fusion of spectral indices with PH can improve the estimation performance of PNA models based on spectral remote sensing across different growth stages.展开更多
In this paper,a nonlinear control approach for an unstable networked plant in the presence of actuator and sensor limitations using robust right coprime factorization is proposed.The actuator is limited by upper and l...In this paper,a nonlinear control approach for an unstable networked plant in the presence of actuator and sensor limitations using robust right coprime factorization is proposed.The actuator is limited by upper and lower constraints and the sensor in the feedback loop is subjected to network-induced unknown time-varying delay and noise.With this nonlinear control method,we first employ right coprime factorization based on isomorphism and operator theory to factorize the plant,so that bounded input bounded output(BIBO)stability can be guaranteed.Next,continuous-time generalized predictive control(CGPC)is utilized for the unstable operator of the right coprime factorized plant to guarantee inner stability and enables the closed-loop dynamics of the system with predictive characteristics.Meanwhile,a second-Do F(degrees of freedom)switched controller that satisfies a perturbed Bezout identity and a robustness condition is designed.By using the CGPC controller that possesses predictive behavior and the second-Do F switched stabilizer,the overall stability of the plant subjected to actuator limitations is guaranteed.To address sensor limitations that exist in networked plants in the form of delay and noise which often cause system performance degradation,we implement an identity operator definition in the feedback loop to compensate for these adverse effects.Further,a pre-operator is designed to ensure that the plant output tracks the reference input.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed design scheme is demonstrated by simulations.展开更多
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly being explored in radiology,including its potential role in emergency imaging settings.However,global perspectives on AI adoption,usefulness,and limitations among ...BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly being explored in radiology,including its potential role in emergency imaging settings.However,global perspectives on AI adoption,usefulness,and limitations among emergency radiologists remain underexplored.AIM To assess awareness,usage,perceived benefits,and limitations of AI tools among radiologists practicing emergency radiology worldwide.METHODS A 16-question survey was distributed globally between October 24,2024,and August 4,2025,targeting radiologists working in academic,community,and private settings who practice emergency radiology as a primary or secondary subspecialty.The survey was disseminated via direct emails extracted using automated and manual methods from recent publications in major radiology journals.A total of 57 responses were collected.RESULTS AI awareness was high(93%),but frequent clinical use was reported by only 28%.Daily use of AI in emergent imaging was limited to 23%of respondents.The majority anticipated AI becoming essential within five years(68%),and 51%believed AI would replace certain radiological tasks.Image interpretation and acquisition were the most common AI applications.Key perceived benefits included improved diagnostic accuracy and increased efficiency,while concerns included limited accuracy,integration difficulties,and cost.Trust in AI varied by experience,with less experienced radiologists viewed as more trusting.CONCLUSION While emergency radiologists globally recognize AI’s potential,significant barriers to its routine adoption remain.Addressing issues of trust,cost,accuracy,and workflow integration is essential to unlock AI's full utility in emergency radiology.展开更多
The ascent of the metaverse signifies a profound transformation in our digital landscape, ushering in a complex network of interlinked virtual domains and digital spaces. In this burgeoning metaverse, a paradigm shift...The ascent of the metaverse signifies a profound transformation in our digital landscape, ushering in a complex network of interlinked virtual domains and digital spaces. In this burgeoning metaverse, a paradigm shift is seen in how people engage, collaborate, and become immersed in digital environments. An especially intriguing concept taking root within this metaverse landscape is that of digital twins. Initially rooted in industrial and Internet of Things(IoT) contexts, digital twins are now making their mark in the metaverse, presenting opportunities to elevate user experiences, introduce novel dimensions of interaction, and seamlessly bridge the divide between the virtual and physical realms. Digital twins, conceived initially to replicate physical entities in real-time, have transcended their industrial origins in this new metaverse context. They no longer solely replicate physical objects but extend their domain to encompass digital entities, avatars, virtual environments, and users. Despite the vital contributions of digital twins in the metaverse, there has been no research that has explored the applications and scope of digital twins in the metaverse comprehensively. However, there are a few papers focusing on some particular applications. Addressing this research gap, we present an in-depth review of the pivotal role of application digital twins in the metaverse. We present 15 digital twin applications in the metaverse, ranging from simulation and training to emergency preparedness. This study outlines the critical limitations of integrating digital twins and metaverse and several future research directions.展开更多
Silicon limitation negatively affects the growth and metabolism of diatoms.However,its influence on the topography and mechanical properties of diatom frustules,and consequently on predation,remains unclear.We investi...Silicon limitation negatively affects the growth and metabolism of diatoms.However,its influence on the topography and mechanical properties of diatom frustules,and consequently on predation,remains unclear.We investigated how silicon limitation affects the mechanical strength of diatom frustules.Under silicon limitation,the growth rates of diatom Cylindrotheca closterium,Amphora coffeaeformis,Thalassiosira weissflogii,and Cyclotella sp.decreased by 19%,56%,42%,and 73%,respectively.Similarly,the biogenic silica content of silicon-limited C.closterium,T.weissflogii,and Cyclotella sp.decreased by 17%,11%,and 9%,respectively,whereas A.coffeaeformis showed a 63%increase.Atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that silicon shortage reduced frustule hardness by approximately 60%and decreased condensed silica components on their surface by about 80%,except in A.coffeaeformis.Additionally,copepods consumed 20%to 600%more diatoms grown under silicon deficiency compared to those grown under Si-rich conditions,with the exception of A.coffeaeformis.These findings suggest that silicon limitation diminishes diatom populations and accelerates carbon export from diatoms to the deep sea.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.42307555).
文摘At present,there is currently a lack of unified standard methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater in China.The precision and trueness of related detection technologies have not yet been systematically and quantitatively evaluated,which limits the effective implementation of environmental monitoring.In response to this key technical gap,this study aimed to establish a standardized method for determining antimony in groundwater using Hydride Generation–Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry(HG-AFS).Ten laboratories participated in inter-laboratory collaborative tests,and the statistical analysis of the test data was carried out in strict accordance with the technical specifications of GB/T 6379.2—2004 and GB/T 6379.4—2006.The consistency and outliers of the data were tested by Mandel's h and k statistics,the Grubbs test and the Cochran test,and the outliers were removed to optimize the data,thereby significantly improving the reliability and accuracy.Based on the optimized data,parameters such as the repeatability limit(r),reproducibility limit(R),and method bias value(δ)were determined,and the trueness of the method was statistically evaluated.At the same time,precision-function relationships were established,and all results met the requirements.The results show that the lower the antimony content,the lower the repeatability limit(r)and reproducibility limit(R),indicating that the measurement error mainly originates from the detection limit of the method and instrument sensitivity.Therefore,improving the instrument sensitivity and reducing the detection limit are the keys to controlling the analytical error and improving precision.This study provides reliable data support and a solid technical foundation for the establishment and evaluation of standardized methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater.
文摘Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,and patient education,persist.With the growing progress of artificial intelligence,particularly large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT,new applications have emerged in the field of LT.Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application,from clinical settings to research and education.ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals,by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work,but also LT recipients by providing accurate information.Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork.Additionally,the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability.Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications,there are certain ethical and practical limitations.Key concerns include patient data privacy,information accuracy,misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework.Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT.The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT,highlighting both opportunities and limitations,while also providing future possible applications.
文摘Chinese authorities have introduced a speed limit for new electric mopeds and banned sales of older models in the name of safety.Delivery riders worry the changes will cut the number of orders they can complete each day,and their incomes By Wahg Shihan and Xie Ying.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22209006,21935001)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022QE009)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(buctrc202307)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Z210016).
文摘Low-cost and high-safety aqueous Zn-I_(2) batteries attract extensive attention for large-scale energy storage systems.However,polyiodide shuttling and sluggish iodine conversion reactions lead to inferior rate capability and severe capacity decay.Herein,a three-dimensional polyaniline is wrapped by carboxylcarbon nanotubes(denoted as C-PANI)which is designed as a catalytic cathode to effectively boost iodine conversion with suppressed polyiodide shuttling,thereby improving Zn-I_(2) batteries.Specifically,carboxyl-carbon nanotubes serve as a proton reservoir for more protonated-NH+=sites in PANI chains,achieving a direct I0/I−reaction for suppressed polyiodide generation and Zn corrosion.Attributing to this“proton-iodine”regulation,catalytic protonated C-PANI strongly fixes electrolytic iodine species and stores proton ions simultaneously through reversible-N=/-NH^(+)-reaction.Therefore,the electrolytic Zn-I_(2) battery with C-PANI cathode exhibits an impressive capacity of 420 mAh g^(−1) and ultra-long lifespan over 40,000 cycles.Additionally,a 60 mAh pouch cell was assembled with excellent cycling stability after 100 cycles,providing new insights into exploring effective organocatalysts for superb Zn-halogen batteries.
基金Project(51378510) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘In existing studies, most slope stability analyses concentrate on conditions with constant temperature, assuming the slope is intact, and employ the Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) failure criterion for saturated soil to characterize the strength of the backfill. However, the actual working temperature of slopes varies, and natural phenomena such as rainfall and groundwater infiltration commonly result in unsaturated soil conditions, with cracks typically present in cohesive slopes. This study introduces a novel approach for assessing the stability of unsaturated soil stepped slopes under varying temperatures, incorporating the effects of open and vertical cracks. Utilizing the kinematic approach and gravity increase method, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) rotational wedge failure mechanism to simulate slope collapse, enhancing the traditional two-dimensional analyses. We integrated temperature-dependent functions and nonlinear shear strength equations to evaluate the impact of temperature on four typical unsaturated soil types. A particle swarm optimization algorithm was employed to calculate the safety factor, ensuring our method’s accuracy by comparing it with existing studies. The results indicate that considering 3D effects yields a higher safety factor, while cracks reduce slope stability. Each unsaturated soil exhibits a distinctive temperature response curve, highlighting the importance of understanding soil types in the design phase.
基金Projects(52205069,52075083,52304049)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2021-BS-164)supported by the Liaoning Province Doctoral Research Startup Fund,China+2 种基金Project(LJKZ0264)supported by the Science and Technology Research Projects of Education Department of Liaoning Province,ChinaProject(G2022003010L)supported by the High-end Foreign Experts Recruitment Plan of ChinaProject(E2021203095)supported by the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of Hebei Province,China。
文摘The worm wheel whose undercutting characteristic is researched is a member of offsetting normal arc-toothed cylindrical worm drive.The tooth profile of the worm in its offsetting normal section is a circular arc.The normal vector used to calculate the first-type limit function is determined in the natural frame without the aid of the curvature parameter of worm helicoid.The first-type limit line is ascertained via solving the nonlinear equations iteratively.It is discovered that one first-type limit line exists on the tooth surface of worm wheel by numerical simulation,and such a line is normally located out of the meshing zone.Only one intersection point exists between the first and second-types of limit lines,and this point is a lubrication weak point.The undercutting mechanism is essentially that a part of the meshing zone near the conjugated line of worm tooth crest will come into the undercutting area and will be cut off during machining the worm wheel.The machining simulation verifies the correctness of undercutting mechanism.Moreover,a convenient and practical characteristic quantity is proposed to judge whether the undercutting exists in the whole meshing zone via computing the first-type limit function values on the worm tooth crest.
基金co-supported by the Foundation of Shanghai Astronautics Science and Technology Innovation,China(No.SAST2022-114)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62303378),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.124B2031,12202281)the Foundation of China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics&Numerical Mathematics,China(No.08-YY-2023-R11)。
文摘The problem of collision avoidance for non-cooperative targets has received significant attention from researchers in recent years.Non-cooperative targets exhibit uncertain states and unpredictable behaviors,making collision avoidance significantly more challenging than that for space debris.Much existing research focuses on the continuous thrust model,whereas the impulsive maneuver model is more appropriate for long-duration and long-distance avoidance missions.Additionally,it is important to minimize the impact on the original mission while avoiding noncooperative targets.On the other hand,the existing avoidance algorithms are computationally complex and time-consuming especially with the limited computing capability of the on-board computer,posing challenges for practical engineering applications.To conquer these difficulties,this paper makes the following key contributions:(A)a turn-based(sequential decision-making)limited-area impulsive collision avoidance model considering the time delay of precision orbit determination is established for the first time;(B)a novel Selection Probability Learning Adaptive Search-depth Search Tree(SPL-ASST)algorithm is proposed for non-cooperative target avoidance,which improves the decision-making efficiency by introducing an adaptive-search-depth mechanism and a neural network into the traditional Monte Carlo Tree Search(MCTS).Numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
基金Project(4013311)supported by the National Science Foundation of Iran(INSF)。
文摘This article examines the influence of annealing temperature on fracture toughness and forming limit curves of dissimilar aluminum/silver sheets.In the cold roll bonding process,after brushing and acid washing,the prepared surfaces are placed on top of each other and by rolling with reduction more than 50%,the bonding between layers is established.In this research,the roll bonding process was done at room temperature,without the use of lubricants and with a 70%thickness reduction.Then,the final thickness of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet reached 350μm by several stages of cold rolling.Before cold rolling,it should be noted that to decrease the hardness created due to plastic deformation,the roll-bonded samples were subjected to annealing heat treatment at 400℃for 90 min.Thus,the final samples were annealed at 200,300 and 400℃for 90 min and cooled in a furnace to examine the annealing temperature effects.The uniaxial tensile and microhardness tests measured mechanical properties.Also,to investigate the fracture mechanism,the fractography of the cross-section was examined by scanning electron microscope(SEM).To evaluate the formability of Ag/Al bilayer sheets,forming limit curves were obtained experimentally through the Nakazima test.The resistance of composites to failure due to cracking was also investigated by fracture toughness.The results showed that annealing increases the elongation and formability of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet while reduces the ultimate tensile strength and fracture toughness.However,the changing trend is not the same at different temperatures,and according to the results,the most significant effect is obtained at 300℃and aluminum layers.It was also determined that by increasing annealing temperature,the fracture mechanism from shear ductile with small and shallow dimples becomes ductile with deep cavities.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12071162)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2021J01302)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZQN-802)。
文摘This paper deals with the monotonicity of limit wave speed c0(h)to a perturbed g KdV equation.We show the decrease of c0(h)by combining the analytic method and the numerical technique.Our results solve a special case of the open question presented by Yan et al.,and the method potentially provides a way to study the monotonicity of c0(h)for general m∈N^(+).
文摘This letter critically evaluates Jiang et al's article on the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions using Emax and platelet count.Despite notable findings,significant methodological and interpretative limitations are identified.The study lacks detailed assay conditions for Emax measurement,employs inadequate statistical methods without robust multivariate analysis,and does not provide clinically relevant threshold values.The nomogram's reliance on Emax as a major diagnostic contributor is questionable due to attenuation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with cirrhosis.Moreover,the study's limitations,such as selection bias and confounding factors,are not adequately addressed.Future research should adopt more rigorous methodologies,including prospective studies with larger cohorts and standardized protocols for biomarker measurement,to enhance validity and clinical applicability.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.2022CDJYGRH-004.
文摘Foot reflexology is a non-invasive and safe complementary therapy that works by massaging the reflex zones of the feet and exerts systemic or whole-body regulation through meridian nerve conduction.This therapy is commonly used in the treatment of various conditions such as autism and Parkinson's disease.However,there is limited reporting on the use of foot reflexology therapy for infants with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL).Currently,there is no definitive conclusion on how foot reflexology therapy can influence hearing.This editorial holds some guiding significance regarding this clinical issue.The aim is to present physiological evidence of how foot reflexology therapy can impact infants with SNHL,thereby enhancing clinician’s awareness of foot reflexology in treating infants with SNHL.
文摘A theoretical analysis on the perforation of Weldox 460E steel plates struck by flat-nosed projectiles is presented using a previously developed model within a unified framework.This model contains a dimensionless empirical equation to describe the variation of energy absorbed through global deformation as a function of impact velocity.The study further investigates the energy absorption mechanisms of Weldox 460E steel plates,with particular focus on the“plateau”phenomenon,i.e.,limited increase in ballistic limit with increasing plate thickness.This phenomenon is explained and compared with results from previously studied 2024-T351 aluminium plates.The model predictions agree well with experimental data for Weldox 460E steel plates impacted by flat-nosed projectiles,including:relationship between global deformation and impact velocity,ballistic limit,residual velocity,and critical conditions for the transition of failure modes.Moreover,the model effectively predicts the“plateau”phenomenon observed in intermediate plate thickness range.It is also found that the indentation absorption energy contributes a significantly larger fraction of the total absorption energy in Weldox 460E steel plates perforated by flat-nosed projectiles than in 2024-T351 aluminium plates,due to the differences in material properties.
文摘The paper considers the methodology for a comprehensive analysis of the stability of an open pit-dump system,using limit equilibrium(LEM)and finite element(FEM)methods in the Russian CAE(computer-aided engineering)software Fidesys.It briefly highlights the issues of comparing limit equilibrium methods using the VNIMI(Research Institute of Geomechanics and Mine Surveying-Intersectoral Scientific Center"VNIMI")methodology and a specialized software product with numerical methods.The main focus of this study is to compare the results of the stability analysis in the volumetric model of the open pit-dump system using limit equilibrium and finite element methods in the CAE software Fidesys.It was found that,when modeling the combined operation of an open pit-dump system in complex terrain,both methods should be used,as each has its own advantages.The finite element method,for instance,has certain features that are not present in the calculations using the limit equilibrium approach.As a key scientific contribution,this paper introduces an automation program for calculating the stability of open-pit walls using the limit equilibrium method in CAE Fidesys,which was not previously integrated in the original software.The calculations performed with the use of this newly developed module were compared to those obtained from other widely used software solutions available on the market.The findings demonstrate a remarkable level of convergence in the calculation results for all relevant parameters,including the safety factor,localization,instability type,and deformation.The proposed approach i mproves the accuracy of calculati ons and ensures consistency between the higher stress design zones and the actual deformation and fracture patterns.It also enhances the ability to predict the behavior of rock mass when calculating stability parameters for facilities,both during operation and desi gn.
文摘In order to study the preferred skin color for printing images,two CMYK images from ISO 400 and one from iStock,including five skin color images of East Asian females was selected in this study.The images were adjusted with the CMYK printing ink volume variation of the single,double and triple channels in the given 280%total ink limit conditions.A larger number of color vision normal observers were organized to carry out the color preference evaluation experiment,and the selected preferred skin colors were analyzed.The distribution range of the chromaticity values for skin color images were obtained and the results indicated that there are three regions for printing skin color preferences,and the observers have a memory preference for brighter,fairer skin colors in young female and a reddish skin colors in girl,which can provide the guidance for color adjustment of printed skin color images.
文摘In this paper,we study the following pseudo-relativistic Hartree equation i∂_(t)Ψ-(|x|^(-1)*|Ψ|^(2))Ψwith(t,x)∈R×R^(3)We mainly focus on the normalized ground state solitary waves of the formΨ(t,x)=e^(itμ)φm(x)with||φm||_(2)^(2)=N.We investigate limit behaviors of energy and minimizer of the corresponding frinetional of this equationas m→+∞.We prove that m_(k)^(-3/2)φm_(k)→φ∞(x)in H^(-1/2(R^(3)))by energy method and lim_(m→+∞)+m^(-1)e(N)=e(N),whereφ_(m)(β∞)is a minimizer of e(N)(e(N).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan Project Sub-Topic of China(Grant Nos.2022YFD1901500 and 2022YFD1901505-07)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32260531)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province,China(Grant No.Qiankehezhongyindi[2023]8)the Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions,China(Grant No.Qianjiaoji[2023]007).
文摘Recently,information acquired at the canopy top,such as spectral and textural data,has been widely used to estimate plant nitrogen(N)accumulation(PNA).The response of crops to N uptake involves not only changes in horizontal canopy top information but also an increase in vertical plant height(PH).It remains unclear whether the fusion of spectral indices with PH can improve the estimation performance of PNA models based on spectral remote sensing across different growth stages.
文摘In this paper,a nonlinear control approach for an unstable networked plant in the presence of actuator and sensor limitations using robust right coprime factorization is proposed.The actuator is limited by upper and lower constraints and the sensor in the feedback loop is subjected to network-induced unknown time-varying delay and noise.With this nonlinear control method,we first employ right coprime factorization based on isomorphism and operator theory to factorize the plant,so that bounded input bounded output(BIBO)stability can be guaranteed.Next,continuous-time generalized predictive control(CGPC)is utilized for the unstable operator of the right coprime factorized plant to guarantee inner stability and enables the closed-loop dynamics of the system with predictive characteristics.Meanwhile,a second-Do F(degrees of freedom)switched controller that satisfies a perturbed Bezout identity and a robustness condition is designed.By using the CGPC controller that possesses predictive behavior and the second-Do F switched stabilizer,the overall stability of the plant subjected to actuator limitations is guaranteed.To address sensor limitations that exist in networked plants in the form of delay and noise which often cause system performance degradation,we implement an identity operator definition in the feedback loop to compensate for these adverse effects.Further,a pre-operator is designed to ensure that the plant output tracks the reference input.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed design scheme is demonstrated by simulations.
文摘BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly being explored in radiology,including its potential role in emergency imaging settings.However,global perspectives on AI adoption,usefulness,and limitations among emergency radiologists remain underexplored.AIM To assess awareness,usage,perceived benefits,and limitations of AI tools among radiologists practicing emergency radiology worldwide.METHODS A 16-question survey was distributed globally between October 24,2024,and August 4,2025,targeting radiologists working in academic,community,and private settings who practice emergency radiology as a primary or secondary subspecialty.The survey was disseminated via direct emails extracted using automated and manual methods from recent publications in major radiology journals.A total of 57 responses were collected.RESULTS AI awareness was high(93%),but frequent clinical use was reported by only 28%.Daily use of AI in emergent imaging was limited to 23%of respondents.The majority anticipated AI becoming essential within five years(68%),and 51%believed AI would replace certain radiological tasks.Image interpretation and acquisition were the most common AI applications.Key perceived benefits included improved diagnostic accuracy and increased efficiency,while concerns included limited accuracy,integration difficulties,and cost.Trust in AI varied by experience,with less experienced radiologists viewed as more trusting.CONCLUSION While emergency radiologists globally recognize AI’s potential,significant barriers to its routine adoption remain.Addressing issues of trust,cost,accuracy,and workflow integration is essential to unlock AI's full utility in emergency radiology.
文摘The ascent of the metaverse signifies a profound transformation in our digital landscape, ushering in a complex network of interlinked virtual domains and digital spaces. In this burgeoning metaverse, a paradigm shift is seen in how people engage, collaborate, and become immersed in digital environments. An especially intriguing concept taking root within this metaverse landscape is that of digital twins. Initially rooted in industrial and Internet of Things(IoT) contexts, digital twins are now making their mark in the metaverse, presenting opportunities to elevate user experiences, introduce novel dimensions of interaction, and seamlessly bridge the divide between the virtual and physical realms. Digital twins, conceived initially to replicate physical entities in real-time, have transcended their industrial origins in this new metaverse context. They no longer solely replicate physical objects but extend their domain to encompass digital entities, avatars, virtual environments, and users. Despite the vital contributions of digital twins in the metaverse, there has been no research that has explored the applications and scope of digital twins in the metaverse comprehensively. However, there are a few papers focusing on some particular applications. Addressing this research gap, we present an in-depth review of the pivotal role of application digital twins in the metaverse. We present 15 digital twin applications in the metaverse, ranging from simulation and training to emergency preparedness. This study outlines the critical limitations of integrating digital twins and metaverse and several future research directions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U 23 A 2048,42376152,42076148)the Special Program of Key Sectors in Guangdong Universities(Nos.2022 ZDZX 4040,2023 KCXTD 028)。
文摘Silicon limitation negatively affects the growth and metabolism of diatoms.However,its influence on the topography and mechanical properties of diatom frustules,and consequently on predation,remains unclear.We investigated how silicon limitation affects the mechanical strength of diatom frustules.Under silicon limitation,the growth rates of diatom Cylindrotheca closterium,Amphora coffeaeformis,Thalassiosira weissflogii,and Cyclotella sp.decreased by 19%,56%,42%,and 73%,respectively.Similarly,the biogenic silica content of silicon-limited C.closterium,T.weissflogii,and Cyclotella sp.decreased by 17%,11%,and 9%,respectively,whereas A.coffeaeformis showed a 63%increase.Atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that silicon shortage reduced frustule hardness by approximately 60%and decreased condensed silica components on their surface by about 80%,except in A.coffeaeformis.Additionally,copepods consumed 20%to 600%more diatoms grown under silicon deficiency compared to those grown under Si-rich conditions,with the exception of A.coffeaeformis.These findings suggest that silicon limitation diminishes diatom populations and accelerates carbon export from diatoms to the deep sea.
