This study explores the status,challenges,and opportunities of smallholder aquaculture in the Leyte Sab-a Basin Peatland(LSBP),with a particular focus on the application of Nature-Based Solutions(NbS)for sustainable m...This study explores the status,challenges,and opportunities of smallholder aquaculture in the Leyte Sab-a Basin Peatland(LSBP),with a particular focus on the application of Nature-Based Solutions(NbS)for sustainable management.Using a mixed-methods approach that combines a comprehensive literature review with a focus group discussion(FGD)involving 22 local practitioners,the study identifies both traditional practices-such as bamboo pond structures and the use of Kangkong(Ipomoea aquatica)and Azolla as fish feed-and key constraints to productivity.These include environmental vulnerabilities(e.g.,declining water quality,climate variability),technical limitations(e.g.,disease risks,lack of fingerlings),and socio-economic barriers(e.g.,limited market access,financial insecurity,and gender inequality).While most smallholders are unfamiliar with formal NbS frameworks,their current practices already reflect ecological principles aligned with NbS.The study further highlights the socio-economic significance of aquaculture as both a livelihood resource and a contributor to food security in rural peatland communities.Linking traditional knowledge with scientifically guided NbS-such as Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture(IMTA),aquaponics,and biofiltration systems-can enhance ecosystem resilience and livelihood security.In addition,strengthening gender-inclusive participation and providing equitable access to training and financial support are critical to improving resilience.This study concludes that targeted capacity-building,financial support mechanisms,and multi-stakeholder partnerships are needed to facilitate inclusive,sustainable,and climate-resilient aquaculture systems in peatland environments.Beyond addressing immediate livelihood changes,these strategies also contribute to biodiversity conservation,ecosystem restoration,and climate adaptation in fragile wetland landscapes.展开更多
This study introduces the‘Zero-Point Boundary’method to map the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan storm surge in coastal eastern Leyte.Utilising the‘Rivera Dispersive Wave Model’or RDM,we interpolated simulated storm surge and ...This study introduces the‘Zero-Point Boundary’method to map the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan storm surge in coastal eastern Leyte.Utilising the‘Rivera Dispersive Wave Model’or RDM,we interpolated simulated storm surge and wave height data,subtracting them from a 5-m resolution digital terrain model raster provided by the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority(NAMRIA)to determine inundation limits and depths relative to the average Filipino male height(i.e.,165 cm).Validation against the 2013 joint survey conducted by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers(JSCE)and the Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers(PICE)showed an 81%accuracy rate when identifying water limit locations in Tacloban City,suggesting potential for future forecasting.However,the absence of compoundflooding consideration in the simulations may have influenced this rate.Overall,this study underscores the importance of accurate modelling and communication in hazard mapping for enhancing preparedness and mitigation efforts,emphasising a balanced approach to risk perception.展开更多
Schistosomiasis is an infection with one of a series of related trematode parasites that are endemic to at least 76 tropical and subtropical countries.Schistosomiasis affects over 200 million people in tropical and su...Schistosomiasis is an infection with one of a series of related trematode parasites that are endemic to at least 76 tropical and subtropical countries.Schistosomiasis affects over 200 million people in tropical and subtropical regions of South America,Africa and Asia.This paper reported more than 1500 soldiers of US troops and 560 men of Australian Air Force were affected schistosomiasis japonicum in the Leyte of the Philippines during the liberation of the Philippines from Octorber 1944 to the early months of 1945.Many troops there were affected by contaminated water with snail hosts.At first,the medical corps knew little about the situations of the schistosomiasis japonica in the Leyte,no preventive measure was adopted.On December 23,1944 CPT morris Goldberg discovered schistosomes first from the hospitalized soldiers while conducting a liver biopsy.Some soldiers with markedly signs and symptoms were admitted to hospital for treatment.Preventive measure was taken since.The US sent a lot of experts to Philippines for the research of schistosomiasis japonicum,including epidemiology, prevention,diagnosis,treatment and so on.Nineteen chemicals were used to control snail hosts. In clinical,schistosomiasis has acute and chronic stages,the manifestations are plenty and various,the liver, intestine,veins,spleen and skin etc are common sites of impingement.An extensive educational program was carried out in the troops through different means,which yielded remarkable effect,the new incidence of schistosomiasis dropped.Though hospitalized soldiers were a few,but there were scare and some morale and psychological problems among them and the other affected victims,they worried about their prognoses or being infected. Some patients were evacuated to United States for treatment after diagnosis,some patients were treated in Leyte.Before World WarⅡ,schistosomiasis was treated generally with trivalent antimony compounds,Fuadin and tartar emetic.In this event,no case died,relapses were rare.It was a successful campaign against schistosomiasis in the army.展开更多
基金supported by the AQUADAPT Project of the International Institute of Rural Reconstruction(IIRR)―the Philippines and Cambodia jointly funded by IDRC(International Research Development Centre of Canada)and the Government of Canada’s International Climate Finance Initiative.Project Title:Building and Evidence base for Inclusive,Nature-based Climate Solutions in Smallscale Aquaculture for Sustainable Aquatic Food Systems:Philippines and Cambodia(IDRC Project Number:110229).
文摘This study explores the status,challenges,and opportunities of smallholder aquaculture in the Leyte Sab-a Basin Peatland(LSBP),with a particular focus on the application of Nature-Based Solutions(NbS)for sustainable management.Using a mixed-methods approach that combines a comprehensive literature review with a focus group discussion(FGD)involving 22 local practitioners,the study identifies both traditional practices-such as bamboo pond structures and the use of Kangkong(Ipomoea aquatica)and Azolla as fish feed-and key constraints to productivity.These include environmental vulnerabilities(e.g.,declining water quality,climate variability),technical limitations(e.g.,disease risks,lack of fingerlings),and socio-economic barriers(e.g.,limited market access,financial insecurity,and gender inequality).While most smallholders are unfamiliar with formal NbS frameworks,their current practices already reflect ecological principles aligned with NbS.The study further highlights the socio-economic significance of aquaculture as both a livelihood resource and a contributor to food security in rural peatland communities.Linking traditional knowledge with scientifically guided NbS-such as Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture(IMTA),aquaponics,and biofiltration systems-can enhance ecosystem resilience and livelihood security.In addition,strengthening gender-inclusive participation and providing equitable access to training and financial support are critical to improving resilience.This study concludes that targeted capacity-building,financial support mechanisms,and multi-stakeholder partnerships are needed to facilitate inclusive,sustainable,and climate-resilient aquaculture systems in peatland environments.Beyond addressing immediate livelihood changes,these strategies also contribute to biodiversity conservation,ecosystem restoration,and climate adaptation in fragile wetland landscapes.
基金supported by the Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Atmospheric,Geophysical,and Astronomical Services Administration(DOST-PAGASA)。
文摘This study introduces the‘Zero-Point Boundary’method to map the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan storm surge in coastal eastern Leyte.Utilising the‘Rivera Dispersive Wave Model’or RDM,we interpolated simulated storm surge and wave height data,subtracting them from a 5-m resolution digital terrain model raster provided by the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority(NAMRIA)to determine inundation limits and depths relative to the average Filipino male height(i.e.,165 cm).Validation against the 2013 joint survey conducted by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers(JSCE)and the Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers(PICE)showed an 81%accuracy rate when identifying water limit locations in Tacloban City,suggesting potential for future forecasting.However,the absence of compoundflooding consideration in the simulations may have influenced this rate.Overall,this study underscores the importance of accurate modelling and communication in hazard mapping for enhancing preparedness and mitigation efforts,emphasising a balanced approach to risk perception.
文摘Schistosomiasis is an infection with one of a series of related trematode parasites that are endemic to at least 76 tropical and subtropical countries.Schistosomiasis affects over 200 million people in tropical and subtropical regions of South America,Africa and Asia.This paper reported more than 1500 soldiers of US troops and 560 men of Australian Air Force were affected schistosomiasis japonicum in the Leyte of the Philippines during the liberation of the Philippines from Octorber 1944 to the early months of 1945.Many troops there were affected by contaminated water with snail hosts.At first,the medical corps knew little about the situations of the schistosomiasis japonica in the Leyte,no preventive measure was adopted.On December 23,1944 CPT morris Goldberg discovered schistosomes first from the hospitalized soldiers while conducting a liver biopsy.Some soldiers with markedly signs and symptoms were admitted to hospital for treatment.Preventive measure was taken since.The US sent a lot of experts to Philippines for the research of schistosomiasis japonicum,including epidemiology, prevention,diagnosis,treatment and so on.Nineteen chemicals were used to control snail hosts. In clinical,schistosomiasis has acute and chronic stages,the manifestations are plenty and various,the liver, intestine,veins,spleen and skin etc are common sites of impingement.An extensive educational program was carried out in the troops through different means,which yielded remarkable effect,the new incidence of schistosomiasis dropped.Though hospitalized soldiers were a few,but there were scare and some morale and psychological problems among them and the other affected victims,they worried about their prognoses or being infected. Some patients were evacuated to United States for treatment after diagnosis,some patients were treated in Leyte.Before World WarⅡ,schistosomiasis was treated generally with trivalent antimony compounds,Fuadin and tartar emetic.In this event,no case died,relapses were rare.It was a successful campaign against schistosomiasis in the army.
