Introduction:To investigate an occupational trichloromethane-induced hepatotoxicity incident at a Shenzhen printing enterprise,identify its root causes,evaluate intervention effectiveness,and provide evidence for occu...Introduction:To investigate an occupational trichloromethane-induced hepatotoxicity incident at a Shenzhen printing enterprise,identify its root causes,evaluate intervention effectiveness,and provide evidence for occupational health regulation and corporate solvent management.Methods:Routine occupational health examinations in October 2024 identified 34 workers with elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels.This finding,combined with four hospital-reported cases of abnormal liver function,triggered a comprehensive multisectoral investigation.Thirty-nine solvents and nine air samples were collected for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis.A case-control study was conducted(18 cases vs.49 job-matched controls),and multisectoral coordination was implemented throughout the response.Results:Forty-three cases of occupational liver injury were confirmed(83.7%asymptomatic;10 requiring medical intervention).Both“eco-friendly adhesive-tape cleaner”(57.65%trichloromethane)and“adhesivetape cleaning restorer”(66.59%trichloromethane)exceeded the 20%concentration limit mandated by GB 38508-2020.The peak airborne trichloromethane concentration in the printing workshop reached 110.3 mg/m^(3)(5.5-fold above the GBZ 2.1-2019 occupational exposure limit).Solvent exposure was the primary risk factor[cleaner:odds ratio(OR)=32,95%confidence interval(CI):13.89–73.46;restorer:OR=23,95%CI:18.23–56.93].No new cases emerged following intervention implementation.Conclusion:The incident originated from the enterprise’s solvent reformulation to meet environmental standards without addressing occupational health risks.Occupational health examinations and multisectoral coordination were pivotal for containment.We recommend:1)including trichloromethane in priority volatile organic compound(VOC)control lists;2)strengthening corporate solvent verification;3)enforcing ventilation management.展开更多
Quantum Hall effects have remained at the forefront of condensed matter physics research for decades,earning three Nobel Prizes in physics as a testament to their significance.In 1980,von Klitzing et al.discovered dis...Quantum Hall effects have remained at the forefront of condensed matter physics research for decades,earning three Nobel Prizes in physics as a testament to their significance.In 1980,von Klitzing et al.discovered discrete Hall conductance_(xy)=e^(2)/h g in a two-dimensional electron gas subjected to a magnetic field,where n represents the number of occupied Landau levels.This groundbreaking discovery is famously known as the integer quantum Hall effect and has been generalized in both fractional and anomalous ways(Fig.S1 online).展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 32000137).
文摘Introduction:To investigate an occupational trichloromethane-induced hepatotoxicity incident at a Shenzhen printing enterprise,identify its root causes,evaluate intervention effectiveness,and provide evidence for occupational health regulation and corporate solvent management.Methods:Routine occupational health examinations in October 2024 identified 34 workers with elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels.This finding,combined with four hospital-reported cases of abnormal liver function,triggered a comprehensive multisectoral investigation.Thirty-nine solvents and nine air samples were collected for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis.A case-control study was conducted(18 cases vs.49 job-matched controls),and multisectoral coordination was implemented throughout the response.Results:Forty-three cases of occupational liver injury were confirmed(83.7%asymptomatic;10 requiring medical intervention).Both“eco-friendly adhesive-tape cleaner”(57.65%trichloromethane)and“adhesivetape cleaning restorer”(66.59%trichloromethane)exceeded the 20%concentration limit mandated by GB 38508-2020.The peak airborne trichloromethane concentration in the printing workshop reached 110.3 mg/m^(3)(5.5-fold above the GBZ 2.1-2019 occupational exposure limit).Solvent exposure was the primary risk factor[cleaner:odds ratio(OR)=32,95%confidence interval(CI):13.89–73.46;restorer:OR=23,95%CI:18.23–56.93].No new cases emerged following intervention implementation.Conclusion:The incident originated from the enterprise’s solvent reformulation to meet environmental standards without addressing occupational health risks.Occupational health examinations and multisectoral coordination were pivotal for containment.We recommend:1)including trichloromethane in priority volatile organic compound(VOC)control lists;2)strengthening corporate solvent verification;3)enforcing ventilation management.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1403700)Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(2021ZD0302400)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12525401,12304196,12350402,and 11925402)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515111034 and 2023B0303000011),Guangdong Provincial(GDZX2201001and GDZX2401001)Guangdongprovince(2020KCXTD001)the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(ZDSYS20190902092905285)New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE,and Center for Computational Science and Engineering of SUSTech.
文摘Quantum Hall effects have remained at the forefront of condensed matter physics research for decades,earning three Nobel Prizes in physics as a testament to their significance.In 1980,von Klitzing et al.discovered discrete Hall conductance_(xy)=e^(2)/h g in a two-dimensional electron gas subjected to a magnetic field,where n represents the number of occupied Landau levels.This groundbreaking discovery is famously known as the integer quantum Hall effect and has been generalized in both fractional and anomalous ways(Fig.S1 online).
