To adapt to the change of aquaculture workshop site,optimize the shape of aquaculture tanks and improve the utilization rate of breeding space,it is necessary to determine the appropriate length width ratio parameters...To adapt to the change of aquaculture workshop site,optimize the shape of aquaculture tanks and improve the utilization rate of breeding space,it is necessary to determine the appropriate length width ratio parameters of aquaculture tanks.In this paper,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)technology is adopted to study the flow field performance of aquaculture tanks with different L/B ratios(L:the length;B:the width,of aquaculture tank)and different jet direction conditions(lengthways jet and widthways jet).A three-dimensional numerical calculation model of turbulence in rounded rectangle aquaculture tanks in dual-diagonal-inlet layout was established.Jet directions are arranged lengthways and widthways,and the water flow velocity,resistance coefficient change,vorticity,etc.are analyzed under two working conditions.Results show that the flow field performance in aquaculture tank decreases with the increase of the L/B ratio.The flow field performed well when L/B was 1.0-1.3,sharply dropped at 1.4-1.6,and poor at 1.7-1.9.The results provided a theoretical basis for the design and optimization in flow field performance of the industrialized circulating aquaculture tanks.展开更多
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of gastric carcinoma(GC)is essential for improving clinical outcomes.However,the biomarkers currently used for GC screening are not ideal.AIM To explore the diagnostic implications of the neut...BACKGROUND The diagnosis of gastric carcinoma(GC)is essential for improving clinical outcomes.However,the biomarkers currently used for GC screening are not ideal.AIM To explore the diagnostic implications of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),and systemic immune-inflammatory index(SII)for GC.METHODS The baseline data of 133 patients with GC and 134 patients with precancerous gastric conditions admitted between January 2022 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The information on peripheral blood platelet,neutrophil,and lymphocyte counts in each patient was collected,and the NLR,PLR,and SII levels of both groups were calculated.Additionally,multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted,and the diagnostic implications of NLR,PLR,and SII in differentiating patients with precancerous gastric conditions,compared with those with GC,were analyzed through receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS The data indicated that NLR,PLR,and SII had abnormally increased levels in the patients with GC.Gender and body mass index were risk factors for the occurrence of GC.ROC data revealed that the areas under the curve of three patients with precancerous gastric conditions,who were differentiated from those with GC,were 0.824,0.787,and 0.842,respectively.CONCLUSION NLR,PLR,and SII are all abnormally expressed in GC and have diagnostic implications,especially when used as joint indicators,in distinguishing patients with precancerous gastric conditions from those with GC.展开更多
It is well known that coarse-grained super-elastic NiTi shape memory alloys(SMAs)exhibit localized rather than homogeneous martensite transformation(MT),which,however,can be strongly influenced by either internal size...It is well known that coarse-grained super-elastic NiTi shape memory alloys(SMAs)exhibit localized rather than homogeneous martensite transformation(MT),which,however,can be strongly influenced by either internal size(grain size,GS)or the external size(geometric size).The coupled effect of GS and geometric size on the functional properties has not been clearly understood yet.In this work,the super-elasticity,one-way,and stress-assisted two-way shape memory effects of the polycrystalline NiTi SMAs with different aspect ratios(length/width for the gauge section)and different GSs are investigated based on the phase field method.The coupled effect of the aspect ratio and GS on the functional properties is adequately revealed.The simulated results indicate that when the aspect ratio is lower than about 4:1,the stress biaxiality and stress heterogeneity in the gauge section of the sample become more and more obvious with decreasing the aspect ratio,which can significantly influence the microstructure evolution in the process involving external stress.Therefore,the corresponding functional property is strongly dependent on the aspect ratio.With decreasing the GS and the aspect ratio(to be lower than 4:1),both the aspect ratio and GS can affect the MT or martensite reorientation in each grain and the interaction among grains.Thus,due to the strong internal constraint(i.e.,the constraint of grain boundary)and the external constraint(i.e.,the constraint of geometric boundary),the capabilities of the functional properties of NiTi SMAs are gradually weakened and highly dependent on these two factors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)poses significant challenges in clinical management due to its diverse outcomes.Understanding the prognostic role of hematological parameters and derive...BACKGROUND Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)poses significant challenges in clinical management due to its diverse outcomes.Understanding the prognostic role of hematological parameters and derived ratios in NSTEMI patients could aid in risk stratification and improve patient care.AIM To evaluate the predictive value of hemogram-derived ratios for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in NSTEMI patients,potentially improving clinical outcomes.METHODS A prospective,observational cohort study was conducted in 2021 at the Internal Medicine Clinic of the University Hospital in Tuzla,Bosnia and Herzegovina.The study included 170 patients with NSTEMI,who were divided into a group with MACE and a control group without MACE.Furthermore,the MACE group was subdivided into lethal and non-lethal groups for prognostic analysis.Alongside hematological parameters,an additional 13 hematological-derived ratios(HDRs)were monitored,and their prognostic role was investigated.RESULTS Hematological parameters did not significantly differ between non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)patients with MACE and a control group at T1 and T2.However,significant disparities emerged in HDRs among NSTEMI patients with lethal and non-lethal outcomes post-MACE.Notably,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were elevated in lethal outcomes.Furthermore,C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio(CRP/Ly)at T1(>4.737)demonstrated predictive value[odds ratio(OR):3.690,P=0.024].Both NLR at T1(>4.076)and T2(>4.667)emerged as significant predictors,with NLR at T2 exhibiting the highest diagnostic performance,as indicated by an area under the curve of 0.811(95%CI:0.727-0.859)and OR of 4.915(95%CI:1.917-12.602,P=0.001),emphasizing its important role as a prognostic marker.CONCLUSION This study highlights the significant prognostic value of hemogram-derived indexes in predicting MACE among NSTEMI patients.During follow-up,NLR,PLR,and CRP/Ly offer important insights into the inflammatory processes underlying cardiovascular events.展开更多
With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role i...With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role in the camouflaging effect. Based on the concept of cost-effectiveness ratio, according to the newly formulated Johnson criterion and the view of discovery and destruction, this paper proposes to take the identification probability as the probability of being destroyed and uses mathematical formulas to calculate the cost of a single use decoy. On this basis, a cost-effectiveness ratio model is established, with the product of the increase in the survival probability of the target and the cost of the target as the benefit, and the sum of the product of the probability of being destroyed and the cost of the decoy and the cost of a single use as the consumption cost. The model is calculated and analyzed, and the number of decoys that conform to the actual situation is obtained.展开更多
BACKGROUND An efficient index holds the potential to predict rectal cancer prognosis.AIM To investigate the impact of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-tolymphocyte ratio(PLR),and monocyte-to-lymphocyte rat...BACKGROUND An efficient index holds the potential to predict rectal cancer prognosis.AIM To investigate the impact of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-tolymphocyte ratio(PLR),and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(MLR)on rectal cancer prognosis.METHODS This retrospective study involved 180 patients with rectal cancer from the Changzhi People’s Hospital of Shanxi Province.A 2-mL blood sample was collected at 24 h preoperatively and 72 h postoperatively to measure neutrophils,lymphocytes,platelets,and monocytes using an automatic blood analyzer.Preoperative and postoperative NLR,PLR,and MLR were compared.Patients were followed up for 12 months and categorized into good and poor prognosis groups.A receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to analyze their predictive values.RESULTS The NLR,PLR,and MLR values were significantly lower post-surgery(P<0.05).A total of 152 and 28 patients were categorized in the good and poor prognosis groups,respectively.Patients with poor prognoses exhibited slightly higher postoperative NLR,PLR,and MLR values than those with good prognoses(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve for NLR,PLR,and MLR was 0.828 with a sensitivity and specificity of 89.29%and 90.79%,respectively.These values were higher than individual NLR(area under the curve:0.660,sensitivity:67.86%,specificity:54.61%),PLR(0.668,75.00%,55.30%),and MLR(0.635,60.71%,48.03%),all showing statistically significant differences(P<0.05),effectively predicting patient outcomes.CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicated that NLR,PLR,and MLR values of patients with rectal cancer can be used to effectively predict the outcome of patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers,such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio(NPR),has shown promise in evaluating early outcomes after medical,interventional,and surgical treatm...BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers,such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio(NPR),has shown promise in evaluating early outcomes after medical,interventional,and surgical treatments.NLR has emer-ged as an indicator of systemic inflammation and physiological stress.NPR has emerged as a potential indicator of inflammation and thrombotic risk in the context of surgical and radiological procedures.AIM To analyze the correlation of NLR and NPR with the development of post-liver transplantation(LT)early complications after stratification for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis.METHODS Consecutive patients undergone LT between January 2019 and December 2023 were enrolled.Data regarding the concentration of hemoglobin and the differ-ential leukocyte count on postoperative days(POD)0,1,3,and 5 were collected.RESULTS The dataset included 161 consecutive patients undergone LT.Clavien-Dindo IV-V complications had a good correlation with NLR POD 1(P=0.05),NLR POD 3(P<0.001),NLR POD 7(P<0.001),NPR POD 3(P<0.001).In addition,the NPR ratio on POD 3 correlated with the onset of 30-day hemorrhage(P=0.009).Finally,30-day mortality had a significant association with the NLR POD 1(P=0.03)and with NLR POD 7(P=0.004),while NPR had a significant correlation with 30-day mortality in NPR POD 7(P=0.004).CONCLUSION The analysis of NLR and NPR are strictly correlated with Clavien-Dindo IV-V complications and 30-day post-LT death.展开更多
Introduction The widespread use of cement in concrete leads to increased carbon emissions,so the demand for supplementary cementitious materials increases significantly.Limestone powder and steel slag powder are widel...Introduction The widespread use of cement in concrete leads to increased carbon emissions,so the demand for supplementary cementitious materials increases significantly.Limestone powder and steel slag powder are widely used as supplementary cementitious materials in modern concrete.However,for UHPC and self-compacting concrete,an extremely low water/binder(W/B)ratio is on one hand a key factor in achieving ultra-high strength and ultra-low porosity of the materials,on the other hand,also leads to the deterioration of the rheological properties of the fresh paste.Meanwhile,the existing researches focus on the influence of single limestone powder or steel slag powder on the mechanical properties or microstructure of cement-based materials.Little work on the influence of steel slag powder or limestone powder on the rheological properties of composite paste at an extremely low water/binder ratio has been investigated quantitatively.The mechanism of the effect of steel slag powder or limestone powder on the rheological properties of composite paste at extremely low water/binder ratios is still unclear.In this work,the effects of steel slag powder and limestone powder on the rheological properties of composite paste at different low water/binder ratios were analyzed via determining the flow diameter,setting time,marsh cone flow time,rheological parameters,and total organic carbon content.Methods A composite paste was prepared with P.I 42.5 ordinary Portland cement,steel slag powder,limestone powder,blast furnace slag and silica fume as raw materials in a certain proportion.To achieve the preparation of composite paste with extremely low water/binder ratios,a polycarboxylate superplasticizer with a water/reducing rate of 40%(Jiangsu Subot New Materials Co.,Ltd.,China)was used.The dosage of polycarboxylate superplasticizer for the composite paste with different water/binder ratios of 0.16 and 0.21 was 2%and 0.8%,respectively.Composite pastes with different proportions of steel slag powder or limestone powder at water/binder ratios of 0.16 and 0.21 were prepared.The flow diameter(i.e.,the larger the flow diameter,the better the fluidity),setting time(i.e.,the time when the fluidity is lost)and marsh cone flow time(i.e.,the shorter the flow time,the better the fluidity)were determined to analyze the fluidity of the composite pastes.the rheological properties of composite paste at a water/binder ratio of 0.16 for rheological properties tests were determined,and the rheological parameters were obtained by the H-B model.The adsorption performance of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer was analyzed by testing the TOC content.Results and discussion When the ratio of water/binder is 0.16,both limestone powder and steel slag powder initially increase the flow diameter of the composite paste.However,the fluidity of the composite paste decreases over time,and the reduction is more pronounced with steel slag powder.This is because the nucleation and hydration promotion effect of limestone powder can reduce the loss rate of flow diameter,while the rough particles of steel slag powder increase the internal friction force,resulting in a decrease in the flow diameter of composite paste.Adding limestone powder and steel slag powder both shortens the setting time and marsh cone flow time of the composite paste.However,the steel slag powder addition of 30%delays the final setting time due to its delaying effect.Also,limestone powder can enhance the thixotropy and reduce the yield stress and plastic viscosity,thereby improving the rheological properties.In contrast,steel slag powder can increase the yield stress and plastic viscosity,thereby weakening the rheological properties and thixotropy.Steel slag powder and limestone powder both can enhance the adsorption effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer.Steel slag powder has a stronger adsorption effect.The composite paste containing limestone powder has a higher free water content.This is because the rough and porous surface of steel slag itself and the uneven particle shape lead to the physical adsorption of polycarboxylate superplasticizer molecules on the surface of steel slag particles,thereby reducing the effective content of the water reducer dispersion.Increasing the water/binder ratio to 0.21 results in a decrease in the flow diameter of the composite paste.Furthermore,the setting time and marsh cone flow time can prolong due to the reduction in the dosage of polycarboxylate superplasticizer.Conclusions The results showed that the fluidity loss rate of composite paste with limestone powder could be lower than that of composite paste with steel slag powder.Compared to steel slag powder,the addition of limestone powder reduced the setting time and marsh cone flow time of the composite paste.The addition of limestone powder could shorten the yield stress and plastic viscosity of the composite paste.Therefore,the composite paste with limestone powder had better rheological properties and stronger thixotropy rather than that with steel slag powder.The addition of limestone powder could improve the rheological properties of the composite paste.Compared to composite paste with limestone powder,a better adsorption effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the surface of the composite binder with steel slag powder could be obtained.The free water content of the composite paste with limestone powder was still higher than that of the composite paste with steel slag powder.The fluidity and rheological properties of the composite paste with limestone powder could be better.The comprehensive analysis indicated that a positive effect of limestone powder on rheological properties of composite paste at an extremely low water/binder ratio could be more dominant than that of steel slag powder.展开更多
In addition to sequestering carbon in soil,biochars can also play a role in changing the potassium equilibration and dynamics of the soil.Nowadays,acidification of biochar is commonly used to improve its properties,wh...In addition to sequestering carbon in soil,biochars can also play a role in changing the potassium equilibration and dynamics of the soil.Nowadays,acidification of biochar is commonly used to improve its properties,which can impact the potassium content in the soil.Simultaneous application of acidified biochar and sodium bentonite can complicate this effect.In the present study,the effects of adding two types of biochars prepared from municipal waste and used coffee grounds and their acidified types,along with sodium bentonite at three levels(0.00%,1.00%,and 2.00%),on soil physical-chemical properties(pH,salinity,cation exchange capacity,concentration of soluble cations and their ratio,and sodium adsorption ratio)and the release of potassium from a calcareous soil were investigated.The results showed that the addition of coffee ground biochar increased the concentration of soluble potassium and decreased the ratio of calcium to potassium,while the acidified coffee ground biochar decreased the amount of soluble potassium and increased the ratio of calcium to potassium.Alkaline and acidified municipal waste biochars had no effect on soluble potassium and soluble cations ratio.Application of bentonite increased the amount of soluble calcium and sodium and the ratio of calcium to potassium.Addition of bentonite also increased the amount of exchangeable potassium and exchangeable sodium percentage,but use of different biochars reduced negative effect of bentonite.Use of bentonite also caused an increase in the exchangeable potassium and a decrease in the non-exchangeable potassium contents.Alkaline and acidified coffee ground biochars increased the amount of exchangeable,non-exchangeable,and total potassium,but this effect was greater by alkaline biochar.Application of municipal waste biochar did not affect the amount of exchangeable potassium but increased the amount of non-exchangeable and total potassium,with no significant difference observed between alkaline and acidified biochars.Potassium saturation percentage was not affected by bentonite,but coffee ground biochar increased its amount and municipal waste biochar had no effect on it.Acidified and alkaline coffee ground biochars were able to release more potassium from the soil(475 and 71 mg/kg,respectively),while alkaline municipal waste biochar did not affect it and acidified municipal waste biochar reduced it by 113 mg/kg.In general,it can be concluded that alkaline biochars in calcareous soils can improve potassium fertility by reduction of the ratio of calcium to potassium and increasing its various forms,while acidified biochars and bentonite may aggravate potassium deficiency in these soils.Considering the lack of significant change in the pH of calcareous soils with the use of different biochars,it is suggested to use alkaline biochars,which can improve the potassium status of the soil while reducing the costs associated with biochar modification.展开更多
BACKGROUND The hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio(HRR)is a recently intro-duced,easily accessible marker that provides insights into inflammation and the tumor vascular microenvironment.It has been sugges...BACKGROUND The hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio(HRR)is a recently intro-duced,easily accessible marker that provides insights into inflammation and the tumor vascular microenvironment.It has been suggested to have prognostic value for overall survival in various types of cancer,including urothelial carcinoma,lung cancer,and hepatocellular carcinoma.It has not yet been sufficiently invest-igated in colorectal cancers(CRC).AIM To investigate the prognostic significance of the HRR and other inflammation-based hematological markers in patients with metastatic CRC.Additionally,the study evaluated the impact of surgical interventions,particularly metastasectomy,and multiple clinical and laboratory parameters on overall survival.By iden-tifying low-cost,accessible prognostic indicators,this research seeks to support clinicians in optimizing treatment strategies and risk stratification for patients with CRC.METHODS In this retrospective study,patients diagnosed with CRC between January 2020 and December 2024 were analyzed.The impact of HRR in conjunction with inflammatory markers and a total of 22 different clinical and laboratory para-meters on overall survival were evaluated using univariate Cox regression and a multivariate model.Survival curves were visualized using Kaplan-Meier analysis.RESULTS A total of 155 patients with CRC were included in the study.The median age was 60 years,and 61.9%presented with de novo metastasis.In the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve analysis performed to determine the optimal cutoff,the values were found to be 6.10 for carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)(P=0.036),18.85 for platelet-to-red cell distribution width ratio(P=0.028),and 10.87 for platelet distribution width-to-lymphocyte ratio(P=0.028).For neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio,HRR,and carbohydrate antigen 19-9,an optimal cutoff could not be determined using the receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve analysis.Therefore,the median values were adopted as the cutoffs(3.09,835.96,177.50,0.380,0.824,and 21.6,respectively).Univariate analysis identified male gender(P=0.045),being under 65 years of age(P=0.001),history of metastas-ectomy(P=0.001),low serum CEA level(P=0.010),low PLR(P=0.024),low SII(P=0.010),and high HRR(P=0.025)as favorable prognostic factors for overall survival.In the multivariate model,being under 65 years of age[hazard ratio(HR)=1.59,95%confidence interval(CI):1.06-2.39,P=0.025],metastasectomy(HR=0.49,95%CI:0.29-0.85,P=0.011),CEA(HR=1.51,95%CI:1.0-2.28,P=0.048),and PLR(HR=1.63,95%CI:1.09-2.44,P=0.018)emerged as independent prognostic factors for overall survival,whereas gender,SII,and HRR did not retain statistical significance.CONCLUSION In conclusion,low HRR alone was a prognostic indicator.However,when modelled with other inflammatory and clinical parameters,it did not provide a sufficiently strong marker feature.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B often progresses silently toward hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Early detection of HCC is crucial,yet challenging.AIM To investigate the role of dyn...BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B often progresses silently toward hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Early detection of HCC is crucial,yet challenging.AIM To investigate the role of dynamic changes in alkaline phosphatase to prealbumin ratio(APR)in hepatitis B progression to HCC.METHODS Data from 4843 patients with hepatitis B(January 2015 to January 2024)were analyzed.HCC incidence rates in males and females were compared using the log-rank test.Data were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis.The Linear Mixed-Effects Model was applied to track the fluctuation of APR levels over time.Furthermore,Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Survival data was employed to investigate the temporal relationship between APR and HCC risk.RESULTS The incidence of HCC was higher in males.To ensure the model’s normality assumption,this study applied a logarithmic transformation to APR,yielding ratio.Ratio levels were higher in females(t=5.26,P<0.01).A 1-unit increase in ratio correlated with a 2.005-fold higher risk of HCC in males(95%CI:1.653-2.431)and a 2.273-fold higher risk in females(95%CI:1.620-3.190).CONCLUSION Males are more prone to HCC,while females have higher APR levels.Despite no baseline APR link,rising APR indicates a higher HCC risk.展开更多
AIM To assess the utility of NLR,PLR,IMT and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)aspredictive markers for monitoring inflammatory responses and the disease activity in cardiac involvementin Takayasu’s arteritis.METHODS...AIM To assess the utility of NLR,PLR,IMT and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)aspredictive markers for monitoring inflammatory responses and the disease activity in cardiac involvementin Takayasu’s arteritis.METHODS A cohort retrospective study encompassing 86 patients(43 withcardiac compromise and 43 without)was conducted.A comparative analysis of NLR,PLR,IMT,andCEUS between TA patients with and without cardiac compromise was undertaken.RESULTS The NLR and PLR of the heart damage group were significantly higher than those of the non heart damagegroup(2.9±1.0 vs.2.1±0.8,P<0.01;166±79 vs.117±51,P<0.01).The IMT and CEUS of the heartdamage group were significantly higher than those of the TA non heart damage group(2.6±0.6 vs.1.5±0.4,P<0.01;2.6±0.5 vs.1.6±0.6,P<0.01).The NLR level of the heart damage group was positivelycorrelated with CRP(r=0.42,P<0.01),and PLR was positively correlated with CRP and CEUS(r=0.34,P<0.05;r=0.35,P<0.05).The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that NLR,IMT,andCEUS were independent risk factors for TA and cardiac damage.The area under the ROC curve for NLRto determine cardiac damage is 0.865,with a cut-off value of 2.265,a sensitivity of 69.8%,and aspecificity of 90.7%.The area under the ROC curve for determining cardiac damage using PLR is 0.812,with a cut-off value of 111.275,a sensitivity of 76.7%,and a specificity of 79.1%.CONCLUSION NLR and PLR,in conjunction with contrast-enhanced ultrasound,can be employed to assessinflammatory response and the disease activity in cardiac involvement in Takayasu’s arteritis.展开更多
Driver distraction is a leading cause of traffic accidents,with fatigue being a significant contributor.This paper introduces a novel method for detecting driver distraction by analyzing facial features using machine ...Driver distraction is a leading cause of traffic accidents,with fatigue being a significant contributor.This paper introduces a novel method for detecting driver distraction by analyzing facial features using machine deep learning and 68 face model.The proposed system assesses driver tiredness by measuring the distance between key facial landmarks,such as the distance between the eyes and the angle of the mouth,to evaluate signs of drowsiness or disengagement.Real-time video feed analysis allows for continuous monitoring of the driver’s face,enabling the system to detect behavioral cues associated with distraction,such as eye closures or changes in facial expressions.The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through a series of experiments on a dataset of driver videos,which proves that the approach can accurately assess tiredness and distraction levels under various driving conditions.By focusing on facial landmarks,the system is computationally efficient and capable of operating in real-time,making it a practical solution for in-vehicle safety systems.This paper discusses the system’s performance,limitations,and potential for future enhancements,including integration with other in-vehicle technologies to provide comprehensive driver monitoring.展开更多
Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients ...Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients with advanced malignancies receiving chemo-and/or immuno-therapy.Results:Both the pretreatment NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with progressive disease than in those without progressive disease.Compared to low groups,the high NLR and PLR groups showed significantly worse event free survival.Conclusion:We propose that NLR and PLR are not only effective blood markers for predicting therapeutic responses to chemo-and/or immuno-therapy,but also useful in detecting survival in diverse malignancies.展开更多
Objective:As the prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly increases year by year,chronic renal insufficiency caused by hypertension has become a hot issue of concern to society and even the world.Methods:This ...Objective:As the prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly increases year by year,chronic renal insufficiency caused by hypertension has become a hot issue of concern to society and even the world.Methods:This article conducted a retrospective analysis of 1856 elderly people over 65 years old,with a follow-up time of 6 years.The aim is to compare the decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate(EGFR)between hypertensive and non-hypertensive populations under non-intervention conditions,and to explore the impact of blood pressure on EGFR in the elderly.Results:The incidence of hypertension among the elderly in this region is significantly higher than the national level.The EGFR value of hypertensive patients is significantly lower than that of non-hypertensive people.There is a difference in the percentage decline in EGFR between hypertensive and non-hypertensive populations under non-intervention conditions,with hypertensive patients experiencing a higher rate of EGFR decline.When blood pressure is lower than 120/80 mmHg,the EGFR decline ratio is lower compared to when blood pressure is higher than 120/80 mmHg.Conclusion:Lowering blood pressure can effectively slow down the decline of EGFR,and the prevalence of hypertension should be reduced.展开更多
Earthquakes are caused directly by the motion of the stress field,therefore,observing the stress field is significant.Experiments on the relationships among wave velocity,stress factors,and faults show that the wave v...Earthquakes are caused directly by the motion of the stress field,therefore,observing the stress field is significant.Experiments on the relationships among wave velocity,stress factors,and faults show that the wave velocity of rock media under stable stress fields corresponds one-to-one with stress factors.Therefore,the wave velocity gradient can indicate the direction of stress vector,and the gradient divergence can indicate the strength of the stress field.To verify the results,considering the limitations of wave velocity measurement in solid crustal media,two quantities,namely the apparent wave velocity and Poisson ratios relating to wave velocity,were used to refl ect the stress field state.The seismic data of the Tangshan and Luzhou regions were studied separately.The calculated apparent wave velocity and Poisson ratios were interpolated to achieve regional data gridding.The gradients and the gradient divergences of the apparent wave velocity and Poisson ratio fields in the two regions were analyzed,and it was found that their spatial distribution in the same region was the same.They are believed to refl ect the vertical projection of the stress direction vector and strength on the surface in the stress field,consistent with the experimental results.Whether it can eff ectively refl ect the stress field requires further analysis of the specific situation of the local medium and the movement mode of the stress field.展开更多
This paper discusses the influence of Sb/In ratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of the 200 nm InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film.The Sb content of InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film in all samples was verified by HRXR...This paper discusses the influence of Sb/In ratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of the 200 nm InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film.The Sb content of InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film in all samples was verified by HRXRD of the symmetrical 004 reflections and asymmetrical 115 reflections.The calculation results show that the Sb component was 0.6 in the InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film grown under the conditions of Sb/In ratio of 6 and As/In ratio of 3,which has the highest electron mobility(28560 cm^(2)/V·s)at 300 K.At the same time,the influence ofⅤ/Ⅲratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of Al_(0.2)In_(0.8)Sb/InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)quantum well heterostructures also has been investigated.As a result,the Al_(0.2)In_(0.8)Sb/InAs_(0.4)Sb_(0.6)quantum well heterostructure with a channel thickness of 30 nm grown under the conditions of Sb/In ratio of 6 and As/In ratio of 3 has a maximum electron mobility of 28300 cm^(2)/V·s and a minimum RMS roughness of 0.68 nm.Through optimizing the growth conditions,our samples have higher electron mobility and smoother surface morphology.展开更多
Identifying vital nodes is one of the core issues of network science,and is crucial for epidemic prevention and control,network security maintenance,and biomedical research and development.In this paper,a new vital no...Identifying vital nodes is one of the core issues of network science,and is crucial for epidemic prevention and control,network security maintenance,and biomedical research and development.In this paper,a new vital nodes identification method,named degree and cycle ratio(DC),is proposed by integrating degree centrality(weightα)and cycle ratio(weight 1-α).The results show that the dynamic observations and weightαare nonlinear and non-monotonicity(i.e.,there exists an optimal valueα^(*)forα),and that DC performs better than a single index in most networks.According to the value ofα^(*),networks are classified into degree-dominant networks(α^(*)>0.5)and cycle-dominant networks(α^(*)<0.5).Specifically,in most degree-dominant networks(such as Chengdu-BUS,Chongqing-BUS and Beijing-BUS),degree is dominant in the identification of vital nodes,but the identification effect can be improved by adding cycle structure information to the nodes.In most cycle-dominant networks(such as Email,Wiki and Hamsterster),the cycle ratio is dominant in the identification of vital nodes,but the effect can be notably enhanced by additional node degree information.Finally,interestingly,in Lancichinetti-Fortunato-Radicchi(LFR)synthesis networks,the cycle-dominant network is observed.展开更多
Objective Peritoneal carcinomatosis(PC)is a common pattern of recurrence in gastric cancer patients and is associated with a poor prognosis.This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the albumin-fibrinogen r...Objective Peritoneal carcinomatosis(PC)is a common pattern of recurrence in gastric cancer patients and is associated with a poor prognosis.This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the albumin-fibrinogen ratio(AFR)for PC in patients with gastric cancer and to develop two preoperative prediction models.Methods A total of 745 gastric cancer patients were included in this study.Preoperative AFR,along with other serum markers and clinical tumor characteristics,was assessed.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of the independent variables.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to control for potential confounders,and one-way ANOVA was conducted to evaluate differences in distribution between groups.Two prediction models incorporating the independent predictive indicators were constructed and validated via receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results Poorly differentiated type(OR 2.679;P=0.001),nondiffuse morphological type(OR 2.123;P=0.040),BMI<23.550 kg/m^(2)(OR 4.635;P=0.001),AFR<11.275(OR 2.895;P=0.003)and CA199≥73.615 U/mL(OR 2.040;P=0.037)were identified as independent risk factors for PC in patients with gastric cancer.After PSM,the AFR remained the only inflammatory marker that was independently associated with PC(P=0.003).AFR demonstrated consistent robustness in predicting PC across multiple sample sets.Among all the independent risk factors,the AFR had the highest area under the curve(AUC)for ROC analysis(AUC 0.648;95%CI 0.580–0.715).Two combination models incorporating the AFR demonstrated enhanced predictive ability:Combination Model 1(AUC 0.759;95%CI 0.699–0.820)and Combination Model 2(AUC 0.801;95%CI 0.744–0.859).Conclusions The preoperative AFR serves as a useful indicator for predicting PC.Two reliable prediction models based on the AFR have been developed.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31872609)the Innovation Support Program for High-level Talents of Dalian City(No.2019RD12)+1 种基金the Key Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education in 2022(No.LJKZZ 20220091)the earmarked fund for CARS-49(CARS-49)。
文摘To adapt to the change of aquaculture workshop site,optimize the shape of aquaculture tanks and improve the utilization rate of breeding space,it is necessary to determine the appropriate length width ratio parameters of aquaculture tanks.In this paper,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)technology is adopted to study the flow field performance of aquaculture tanks with different L/B ratios(L:the length;B:the width,of aquaculture tank)and different jet direction conditions(lengthways jet and widthways jet).A three-dimensional numerical calculation model of turbulence in rounded rectangle aquaculture tanks in dual-diagonal-inlet layout was established.Jet directions are arranged lengthways and widthways,and the water flow velocity,resistance coefficient change,vorticity,etc.are analyzed under two working conditions.Results show that the flow field performance in aquaculture tank decreases with the increase of the L/B ratio.The flow field performed well when L/B was 1.0-1.3,sharply dropped at 1.4-1.6,and poor at 1.7-1.9.The results provided a theoretical basis for the design and optimization in flow field performance of the industrialized circulating aquaculture tanks.
文摘BACKGROUND The diagnosis of gastric carcinoma(GC)is essential for improving clinical outcomes.However,the biomarkers currently used for GC screening are not ideal.AIM To explore the diagnostic implications of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),and systemic immune-inflammatory index(SII)for GC.METHODS The baseline data of 133 patients with GC and 134 patients with precancerous gastric conditions admitted between January 2022 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The information on peripheral blood platelet,neutrophil,and lymphocyte counts in each patient was collected,and the NLR,PLR,and SII levels of both groups were calculated.Additionally,multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted,and the diagnostic implications of NLR,PLR,and SII in differentiating patients with precancerous gastric conditions,compared with those with GC,were analyzed through receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS The data indicated that NLR,PLR,and SII had abnormally increased levels in the patients with GC.Gender and body mass index were risk factors for the occurrence of GC.ROC data revealed that the areas under the curve of three patients with precancerous gastric conditions,who were differentiated from those with GC,were 0.824,0.787,and 0.842,respectively.CONCLUSION NLR,PLR,and SII are all abnormally expressed in GC and have diagnostic implications,especially when used as joint indicators,in distinguishing patients with precancerous gastric conditions from those with GC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12202294 and 12022208)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2022M712243)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.2023SCU12098).
文摘It is well known that coarse-grained super-elastic NiTi shape memory alloys(SMAs)exhibit localized rather than homogeneous martensite transformation(MT),which,however,can be strongly influenced by either internal size(grain size,GS)or the external size(geometric size).The coupled effect of GS and geometric size on the functional properties has not been clearly understood yet.In this work,the super-elasticity,one-way,and stress-assisted two-way shape memory effects of the polycrystalline NiTi SMAs with different aspect ratios(length/width for the gauge section)and different GSs are investigated based on the phase field method.The coupled effect of the aspect ratio and GS on the functional properties is adequately revealed.The simulated results indicate that when the aspect ratio is lower than about 4:1,the stress biaxiality and stress heterogeneity in the gauge section of the sample become more and more obvious with decreasing the aspect ratio,which can significantly influence the microstructure evolution in the process involving external stress.Therefore,the corresponding functional property is strongly dependent on the aspect ratio.With decreasing the GS and the aspect ratio(to be lower than 4:1),both the aspect ratio and GS can affect the MT or martensite reorientation in each grain and the interaction among grains.Thus,due to the strong internal constraint(i.e.,the constraint of grain boundary)and the external constraint(i.e.,the constraint of geometric boundary),the capabilities of the functional properties of NiTi SMAs are gradually weakened and highly dependent on these two factors.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)poses significant challenges in clinical management due to its diverse outcomes.Understanding the prognostic role of hematological parameters and derived ratios in NSTEMI patients could aid in risk stratification and improve patient care.AIM To evaluate the predictive value of hemogram-derived ratios for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in NSTEMI patients,potentially improving clinical outcomes.METHODS A prospective,observational cohort study was conducted in 2021 at the Internal Medicine Clinic of the University Hospital in Tuzla,Bosnia and Herzegovina.The study included 170 patients with NSTEMI,who were divided into a group with MACE and a control group without MACE.Furthermore,the MACE group was subdivided into lethal and non-lethal groups for prognostic analysis.Alongside hematological parameters,an additional 13 hematological-derived ratios(HDRs)were monitored,and their prognostic role was investigated.RESULTS Hematological parameters did not significantly differ between non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)patients with MACE and a control group at T1 and T2.However,significant disparities emerged in HDRs among NSTEMI patients with lethal and non-lethal outcomes post-MACE.Notably,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were elevated in lethal outcomes.Furthermore,C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio(CRP/Ly)at T1(>4.737)demonstrated predictive value[odds ratio(OR):3.690,P=0.024].Both NLR at T1(>4.076)and T2(>4.667)emerged as significant predictors,with NLR at T2 exhibiting the highest diagnostic performance,as indicated by an area under the curve of 0.811(95%CI:0.727-0.859)and OR of 4.915(95%CI:1.917-12.602,P=0.001),emphasizing its important role as a prognostic marker.CONCLUSION This study highlights the significant prognostic value of hemogram-derived indexes in predicting MACE among NSTEMI patients.During follow-up,NLR,PLR,and CRP/Ly offer important insights into the inflammatory processes underlying cardiovascular events.
文摘With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role in the camouflaging effect. Based on the concept of cost-effectiveness ratio, according to the newly formulated Johnson criterion and the view of discovery and destruction, this paper proposes to take the identification probability as the probability of being destroyed and uses mathematical formulas to calculate the cost of a single use decoy. On this basis, a cost-effectiveness ratio model is established, with the product of the increase in the survival probability of the target and the cost of the target as the benefit, and the sum of the product of the probability of being destroyed and the cost of the decoy and the cost of a single use as the consumption cost. The model is calculated and analyzed, and the number of decoys that conform to the actual situation is obtained.
文摘BACKGROUND An efficient index holds the potential to predict rectal cancer prognosis.AIM To investigate the impact of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-tolymphocyte ratio(PLR),and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(MLR)on rectal cancer prognosis.METHODS This retrospective study involved 180 patients with rectal cancer from the Changzhi People’s Hospital of Shanxi Province.A 2-mL blood sample was collected at 24 h preoperatively and 72 h postoperatively to measure neutrophils,lymphocytes,platelets,and monocytes using an automatic blood analyzer.Preoperative and postoperative NLR,PLR,and MLR were compared.Patients were followed up for 12 months and categorized into good and poor prognosis groups.A receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to analyze their predictive values.RESULTS The NLR,PLR,and MLR values were significantly lower post-surgery(P<0.05).A total of 152 and 28 patients were categorized in the good and poor prognosis groups,respectively.Patients with poor prognoses exhibited slightly higher postoperative NLR,PLR,and MLR values than those with good prognoses(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve for NLR,PLR,and MLR was 0.828 with a sensitivity and specificity of 89.29%and 90.79%,respectively.These values were higher than individual NLR(area under the curve:0.660,sensitivity:67.86%,specificity:54.61%),PLR(0.668,75.00%,55.30%),and MLR(0.635,60.71%,48.03%),all showing statistically significant differences(P<0.05),effectively predicting patient outcomes.CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicated that NLR,PLR,and MLR values of patients with rectal cancer can be used to effectively predict the outcome of patients.
文摘BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers,such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio(NPR),has shown promise in evaluating early outcomes after medical,interventional,and surgical treatments.NLR has emer-ged as an indicator of systemic inflammation and physiological stress.NPR has emerged as a potential indicator of inflammation and thrombotic risk in the context of surgical and radiological procedures.AIM To analyze the correlation of NLR and NPR with the development of post-liver transplantation(LT)early complications after stratification for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis.METHODS Consecutive patients undergone LT between January 2019 and December 2023 were enrolled.Data regarding the concentration of hemoglobin and the differ-ential leukocyte count on postoperative days(POD)0,1,3,and 5 were collected.RESULTS The dataset included 161 consecutive patients undergone LT.Clavien-Dindo IV-V complications had a good correlation with NLR POD 1(P=0.05),NLR POD 3(P<0.001),NLR POD 7(P<0.001),NPR POD 3(P<0.001).In addition,the NPR ratio on POD 3 correlated with the onset of 30-day hemorrhage(P=0.009).Finally,30-day mortality had a significant association with the NLR POD 1(P=0.03)and with NLR POD 7(P=0.004),while NPR had a significant correlation with 30-day mortality in NPR POD 7(P=0.004).CONCLUSION The analysis of NLR and NPR are strictly correlated with Clavien-Dindo IV-V complications and 30-day post-LT death.
文摘Introduction The widespread use of cement in concrete leads to increased carbon emissions,so the demand for supplementary cementitious materials increases significantly.Limestone powder and steel slag powder are widely used as supplementary cementitious materials in modern concrete.However,for UHPC and self-compacting concrete,an extremely low water/binder(W/B)ratio is on one hand a key factor in achieving ultra-high strength and ultra-low porosity of the materials,on the other hand,also leads to the deterioration of the rheological properties of the fresh paste.Meanwhile,the existing researches focus on the influence of single limestone powder or steel slag powder on the mechanical properties or microstructure of cement-based materials.Little work on the influence of steel slag powder or limestone powder on the rheological properties of composite paste at an extremely low water/binder ratio has been investigated quantitatively.The mechanism of the effect of steel slag powder or limestone powder on the rheological properties of composite paste at extremely low water/binder ratios is still unclear.In this work,the effects of steel slag powder and limestone powder on the rheological properties of composite paste at different low water/binder ratios were analyzed via determining the flow diameter,setting time,marsh cone flow time,rheological parameters,and total organic carbon content.Methods A composite paste was prepared with P.I 42.5 ordinary Portland cement,steel slag powder,limestone powder,blast furnace slag and silica fume as raw materials in a certain proportion.To achieve the preparation of composite paste with extremely low water/binder ratios,a polycarboxylate superplasticizer with a water/reducing rate of 40%(Jiangsu Subot New Materials Co.,Ltd.,China)was used.The dosage of polycarboxylate superplasticizer for the composite paste with different water/binder ratios of 0.16 and 0.21 was 2%and 0.8%,respectively.Composite pastes with different proportions of steel slag powder or limestone powder at water/binder ratios of 0.16 and 0.21 were prepared.The flow diameter(i.e.,the larger the flow diameter,the better the fluidity),setting time(i.e.,the time when the fluidity is lost)and marsh cone flow time(i.e.,the shorter the flow time,the better the fluidity)were determined to analyze the fluidity of the composite pastes.the rheological properties of composite paste at a water/binder ratio of 0.16 for rheological properties tests were determined,and the rheological parameters were obtained by the H-B model.The adsorption performance of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer was analyzed by testing the TOC content.Results and discussion When the ratio of water/binder is 0.16,both limestone powder and steel slag powder initially increase the flow diameter of the composite paste.However,the fluidity of the composite paste decreases over time,and the reduction is more pronounced with steel slag powder.This is because the nucleation and hydration promotion effect of limestone powder can reduce the loss rate of flow diameter,while the rough particles of steel slag powder increase the internal friction force,resulting in a decrease in the flow diameter of composite paste.Adding limestone powder and steel slag powder both shortens the setting time and marsh cone flow time of the composite paste.However,the steel slag powder addition of 30%delays the final setting time due to its delaying effect.Also,limestone powder can enhance the thixotropy and reduce the yield stress and plastic viscosity,thereby improving the rheological properties.In contrast,steel slag powder can increase the yield stress and plastic viscosity,thereby weakening the rheological properties and thixotropy.Steel slag powder and limestone powder both can enhance the adsorption effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer.Steel slag powder has a stronger adsorption effect.The composite paste containing limestone powder has a higher free water content.This is because the rough and porous surface of steel slag itself and the uneven particle shape lead to the physical adsorption of polycarboxylate superplasticizer molecules on the surface of steel slag particles,thereby reducing the effective content of the water reducer dispersion.Increasing the water/binder ratio to 0.21 results in a decrease in the flow diameter of the composite paste.Furthermore,the setting time and marsh cone flow time can prolong due to the reduction in the dosage of polycarboxylate superplasticizer.Conclusions The results showed that the fluidity loss rate of composite paste with limestone powder could be lower than that of composite paste with steel slag powder.Compared to steel slag powder,the addition of limestone powder reduced the setting time and marsh cone flow time of the composite paste.The addition of limestone powder could shorten the yield stress and plastic viscosity of the composite paste.Therefore,the composite paste with limestone powder had better rheological properties and stronger thixotropy rather than that with steel slag powder.The addition of limestone powder could improve the rheological properties of the composite paste.Compared to composite paste with limestone powder,a better adsorption effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the surface of the composite binder with steel slag powder could be obtained.The free water content of the composite paste with limestone powder was still higher than that of the composite paste with steel slag powder.The fluidity and rheological properties of the composite paste with limestone powder could be better.The comprehensive analysis indicated that a positive effect of limestone powder on rheological properties of composite paste at an extremely low water/binder ratio could be more dominant than that of steel slag powder.
文摘In addition to sequestering carbon in soil,biochars can also play a role in changing the potassium equilibration and dynamics of the soil.Nowadays,acidification of biochar is commonly used to improve its properties,which can impact the potassium content in the soil.Simultaneous application of acidified biochar and sodium bentonite can complicate this effect.In the present study,the effects of adding two types of biochars prepared from municipal waste and used coffee grounds and their acidified types,along with sodium bentonite at three levels(0.00%,1.00%,and 2.00%),on soil physical-chemical properties(pH,salinity,cation exchange capacity,concentration of soluble cations and their ratio,and sodium adsorption ratio)and the release of potassium from a calcareous soil were investigated.The results showed that the addition of coffee ground biochar increased the concentration of soluble potassium and decreased the ratio of calcium to potassium,while the acidified coffee ground biochar decreased the amount of soluble potassium and increased the ratio of calcium to potassium.Alkaline and acidified municipal waste biochars had no effect on soluble potassium and soluble cations ratio.Application of bentonite increased the amount of soluble calcium and sodium and the ratio of calcium to potassium.Addition of bentonite also increased the amount of exchangeable potassium and exchangeable sodium percentage,but use of different biochars reduced negative effect of bentonite.Use of bentonite also caused an increase in the exchangeable potassium and a decrease in the non-exchangeable potassium contents.Alkaline and acidified coffee ground biochars increased the amount of exchangeable,non-exchangeable,and total potassium,but this effect was greater by alkaline biochar.Application of municipal waste biochar did not affect the amount of exchangeable potassium but increased the amount of non-exchangeable and total potassium,with no significant difference observed between alkaline and acidified biochars.Potassium saturation percentage was not affected by bentonite,but coffee ground biochar increased its amount and municipal waste biochar had no effect on it.Acidified and alkaline coffee ground biochars were able to release more potassium from the soil(475 and 71 mg/kg,respectively),while alkaline municipal waste biochar did not affect it and acidified municipal waste biochar reduced it by 113 mg/kg.In general,it can be concluded that alkaline biochars in calcareous soils can improve potassium fertility by reduction of the ratio of calcium to potassium and increasing its various forms,while acidified biochars and bentonite may aggravate potassium deficiency in these soils.Considering the lack of significant change in the pH of calcareous soils with the use of different biochars,it is suggested to use alkaline biochars,which can improve the potassium status of the soil while reducing the costs associated with biochar modification.
文摘BACKGROUND The hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio(HRR)is a recently intro-duced,easily accessible marker that provides insights into inflammation and the tumor vascular microenvironment.It has been suggested to have prognostic value for overall survival in various types of cancer,including urothelial carcinoma,lung cancer,and hepatocellular carcinoma.It has not yet been sufficiently invest-igated in colorectal cancers(CRC).AIM To investigate the prognostic significance of the HRR and other inflammation-based hematological markers in patients with metastatic CRC.Additionally,the study evaluated the impact of surgical interventions,particularly metastasectomy,and multiple clinical and laboratory parameters on overall survival.By iden-tifying low-cost,accessible prognostic indicators,this research seeks to support clinicians in optimizing treatment strategies and risk stratification for patients with CRC.METHODS In this retrospective study,patients diagnosed with CRC between January 2020 and December 2024 were analyzed.The impact of HRR in conjunction with inflammatory markers and a total of 22 different clinical and laboratory para-meters on overall survival were evaluated using univariate Cox regression and a multivariate model.Survival curves were visualized using Kaplan-Meier analysis.RESULTS A total of 155 patients with CRC were included in the study.The median age was 60 years,and 61.9%presented with de novo metastasis.In the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve analysis performed to determine the optimal cutoff,the values were found to be 6.10 for carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)(P=0.036),18.85 for platelet-to-red cell distribution width ratio(P=0.028),and 10.87 for platelet distribution width-to-lymphocyte ratio(P=0.028).For neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio,HRR,and carbohydrate antigen 19-9,an optimal cutoff could not be determined using the receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve analysis.Therefore,the median values were adopted as the cutoffs(3.09,835.96,177.50,0.380,0.824,and 21.6,respectively).Univariate analysis identified male gender(P=0.045),being under 65 years of age(P=0.001),history of metastas-ectomy(P=0.001),low serum CEA level(P=0.010),low PLR(P=0.024),low SII(P=0.010),and high HRR(P=0.025)as favorable prognostic factors for overall survival.In the multivariate model,being under 65 years of age[hazard ratio(HR)=1.59,95%confidence interval(CI):1.06-2.39,P=0.025],metastasectomy(HR=0.49,95%CI:0.29-0.85,P=0.011),CEA(HR=1.51,95%CI:1.0-2.28,P=0.048),and PLR(HR=1.63,95%CI:1.09-2.44,P=0.018)emerged as independent prognostic factors for overall survival,whereas gender,SII,and HRR did not retain statistical significance.CONCLUSION In conclusion,low HRR alone was a prognostic indicator.However,when modelled with other inflammatory and clinical parameters,it did not provide a sufficiently strong marker feature.
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B often progresses silently toward hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Early detection of HCC is crucial,yet challenging.AIM To investigate the role of dynamic changes in alkaline phosphatase to prealbumin ratio(APR)in hepatitis B progression to HCC.METHODS Data from 4843 patients with hepatitis B(January 2015 to January 2024)were analyzed.HCC incidence rates in males and females were compared using the log-rank test.Data were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis.The Linear Mixed-Effects Model was applied to track the fluctuation of APR levels over time.Furthermore,Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Survival data was employed to investigate the temporal relationship between APR and HCC risk.RESULTS The incidence of HCC was higher in males.To ensure the model’s normality assumption,this study applied a logarithmic transformation to APR,yielding ratio.Ratio levels were higher in females(t=5.26,P<0.01).A 1-unit increase in ratio correlated with a 2.005-fold higher risk of HCC in males(95%CI:1.653-2.431)and a 2.273-fold higher risk in females(95%CI:1.620-3.190).CONCLUSION Males are more prone to HCC,while females have higher APR levels.Despite no baseline APR link,rising APR indicates a higher HCC risk.
文摘AIM To assess the utility of NLR,PLR,IMT and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)aspredictive markers for monitoring inflammatory responses and the disease activity in cardiac involvementin Takayasu’s arteritis.METHODS A cohort retrospective study encompassing 86 patients(43 withcardiac compromise and 43 without)was conducted.A comparative analysis of NLR,PLR,IMT,andCEUS between TA patients with and without cardiac compromise was undertaken.RESULTS The NLR and PLR of the heart damage group were significantly higher than those of the non heart damagegroup(2.9±1.0 vs.2.1±0.8,P<0.01;166±79 vs.117±51,P<0.01).The IMT and CEUS of the heartdamage group were significantly higher than those of the TA non heart damage group(2.6±0.6 vs.1.5±0.4,P<0.01;2.6±0.5 vs.1.6±0.6,P<0.01).The NLR level of the heart damage group was positivelycorrelated with CRP(r=0.42,P<0.01),and PLR was positively correlated with CRP and CEUS(r=0.34,P<0.05;r=0.35,P<0.05).The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that NLR,IMT,andCEUS were independent risk factors for TA and cardiac damage.The area under the ROC curve for NLRto determine cardiac damage is 0.865,with a cut-off value of 2.265,a sensitivity of 69.8%,and aspecificity of 90.7%.The area under the ROC curve for determining cardiac damage using PLR is 0.812,with a cut-off value of 111.275,a sensitivity of 76.7%,and a specificity of 79.1%.CONCLUSION NLR and PLR,in conjunction with contrast-enhanced ultrasound,can be employed to assessinflammatory response and the disease activity in cardiac involvement in Takayasu’s arteritis.
文摘Driver distraction is a leading cause of traffic accidents,with fatigue being a significant contributor.This paper introduces a novel method for detecting driver distraction by analyzing facial features using machine deep learning and 68 face model.The proposed system assesses driver tiredness by measuring the distance between key facial landmarks,such as the distance between the eyes and the angle of the mouth,to evaluate signs of drowsiness or disengagement.Real-time video feed analysis allows for continuous monitoring of the driver’s face,enabling the system to detect behavioral cues associated with distraction,such as eye closures or changes in facial expressions.The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through a series of experiments on a dataset of driver videos,which proves that the approach can accurately assess tiredness and distraction levels under various driving conditions.By focusing on facial landmarks,the system is computationally efficient and capable of operating in real-time,making it a practical solution for in-vehicle safety systems.This paper discusses the system’s performance,limitations,and potential for future enhancements,including integration with other in-vehicle technologies to provide comprehensive driver monitoring.
基金supported by the project of Young Technical Talents of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital(GG-2021-08).
文摘Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients with advanced malignancies receiving chemo-and/or immuno-therapy.Results:Both the pretreatment NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with progressive disease than in those without progressive disease.Compared to low groups,the high NLR and PLR groups showed significantly worse event free survival.Conclusion:We propose that NLR and PLR are not only effective blood markers for predicting therapeutic responses to chemo-and/or immuno-therapy,but also useful in detecting survival in diverse malignancies.
基金“Clinical Research on Chronic Disease Screening and Therapeutic Guidance for Elderly People Over 60 Years Old”Kunming Science and Technology Plan Project(Project No.:2017-1-S-15382)。
文摘Objective:As the prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly increases year by year,chronic renal insufficiency caused by hypertension has become a hot issue of concern to society and even the world.Methods:This article conducted a retrospective analysis of 1856 elderly people over 65 years old,with a follow-up time of 6 years.The aim is to compare the decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate(EGFR)between hypertensive and non-hypertensive populations under non-intervention conditions,and to explore the impact of blood pressure on EGFR in the elderly.Results:The incidence of hypertension among the elderly in this region is significantly higher than the national level.The EGFR value of hypertensive patients is significantly lower than that of non-hypertensive people.There is a difference in the percentage decline in EGFR between hypertensive and non-hypertensive populations under non-intervention conditions,with hypertensive patients experiencing a higher rate of EGFR decline.When blood pressure is lower than 120/80 mmHg,the EGFR decline ratio is lower compared to when blood pressure is higher than 120/80 mmHg.Conclusion:Lowering blood pressure can effectively slow down the decline of EGFR,and the prevalence of hypertension should be reduced.
文摘Earthquakes are caused directly by the motion of the stress field,therefore,observing the stress field is significant.Experiments on the relationships among wave velocity,stress factors,and faults show that the wave velocity of rock media under stable stress fields corresponds one-to-one with stress factors.Therefore,the wave velocity gradient can indicate the direction of stress vector,and the gradient divergence can indicate the strength of the stress field.To verify the results,considering the limitations of wave velocity measurement in solid crustal media,two quantities,namely the apparent wave velocity and Poisson ratios relating to wave velocity,were used to refl ect the stress field state.The seismic data of the Tangshan and Luzhou regions were studied separately.The calculated apparent wave velocity and Poisson ratios were interpolated to achieve regional data gridding.The gradients and the gradient divergences of the apparent wave velocity and Poisson ratio fields in the two regions were analyzed,and it was found that their spatial distribution in the same region was the same.They are believed to refl ect the vertical projection of the stress direction vector and strength on the surface in the stress field,consistent with the experimental results.Whether it can eff ectively refl ect the stress field requires further analysis of the specific situation of the local medium and the movement mode of the stress field.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2023-JC-QN-0758)Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Research Launch Project(2020BJ-26)Doctoral Research Initializing Fund of Hebei University of Science and Technology,China(1181476).
文摘This paper discusses the influence of Sb/In ratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of the 200 nm InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film.The Sb content of InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film in all samples was verified by HRXRD of the symmetrical 004 reflections and asymmetrical 115 reflections.The calculation results show that the Sb component was 0.6 in the InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film grown under the conditions of Sb/In ratio of 6 and As/In ratio of 3,which has the highest electron mobility(28560 cm^(2)/V·s)at 300 K.At the same time,the influence ofⅤ/Ⅲratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of Al_(0.2)In_(0.8)Sb/InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)quantum well heterostructures also has been investigated.As a result,the Al_(0.2)In_(0.8)Sb/InAs_(0.4)Sb_(0.6)quantum well heterostructure with a channel thickness of 30 nm grown under the conditions of Sb/In ratio of 6 and As/In ratio of 3 has a maximum electron mobility of 28300 cm^(2)/V·s and a minimum RMS roughness of 0.68 nm.Through optimizing the growth conditions,our samples have higher electron mobility and smoother surface morphology.
基金Project supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(Grant No.202401AT070359)。
文摘Identifying vital nodes is one of the core issues of network science,and is crucial for epidemic prevention and control,network security maintenance,and biomedical research and development.In this paper,a new vital nodes identification method,named degree and cycle ratio(DC),is proposed by integrating degree centrality(weightα)and cycle ratio(weight 1-α).The results show that the dynamic observations and weightαare nonlinear and non-monotonicity(i.e.,there exists an optimal valueα^(*)forα),and that DC performs better than a single index in most networks.According to the value ofα^(*),networks are classified into degree-dominant networks(α^(*)>0.5)and cycle-dominant networks(α^(*)<0.5).Specifically,in most degree-dominant networks(such as Chengdu-BUS,Chongqing-BUS and Beijing-BUS),degree is dominant in the identification of vital nodes,but the identification effect can be improved by adding cycle structure information to the nodes.In most cycle-dominant networks(such as Email,Wiki and Hamsterster),the cycle ratio is dominant in the identification of vital nodes,but the effect can be notably enhanced by additional node degree information.Finally,interestingly,in Lancichinetti-Fortunato-Radicchi(LFR)synthesis networks,the cycle-dominant network is observed.
文摘Objective Peritoneal carcinomatosis(PC)is a common pattern of recurrence in gastric cancer patients and is associated with a poor prognosis.This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the albumin-fibrinogen ratio(AFR)for PC in patients with gastric cancer and to develop two preoperative prediction models.Methods A total of 745 gastric cancer patients were included in this study.Preoperative AFR,along with other serum markers and clinical tumor characteristics,was assessed.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of the independent variables.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to control for potential confounders,and one-way ANOVA was conducted to evaluate differences in distribution between groups.Two prediction models incorporating the independent predictive indicators were constructed and validated via receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results Poorly differentiated type(OR 2.679;P=0.001),nondiffuse morphological type(OR 2.123;P=0.040),BMI<23.550 kg/m^(2)(OR 4.635;P=0.001),AFR<11.275(OR 2.895;P=0.003)and CA199≥73.615 U/mL(OR 2.040;P=0.037)were identified as independent risk factors for PC in patients with gastric cancer.After PSM,the AFR remained the only inflammatory marker that was independently associated with PC(P=0.003).AFR demonstrated consistent robustness in predicting PC across multiple sample sets.Among all the independent risk factors,the AFR had the highest area under the curve(AUC)for ROC analysis(AUC 0.648;95%CI 0.580–0.715).Two combination models incorporating the AFR demonstrated enhanced predictive ability:Combination Model 1(AUC 0.759;95%CI 0.699–0.820)and Combination Model 2(AUC 0.801;95%CI 0.744–0.859).Conclusions The preoperative AFR serves as a useful indicator for predicting PC.Two reliable prediction models based on the AFR have been developed.
