Rice grain size is an important trait that affects rice yield and quality, and thus the identification of genes related to grain size is of great significance for improving rice yield and quality. Many genes related t...Rice grain size is an important trait that affects rice yield and quality, and thus the identification of genes related to grain size is of great significance for improving rice yield and quality. Many genes related to grain size, such as DEP1(Huang et al., 2009),GW5(Liu et al., 2017).展开更多
BACKGROUND Leg length discrepancy(LLD)following total hip arthroplasty(THA)is a common complaint,leading to decreased patient satisfaction.However,the effect of LLD before THA on outcomes and complications is not well...BACKGROUND Leg length discrepancy(LLD)following total hip arthroplasty(THA)is a common complaint,leading to decreased patient satisfaction.However,the effect of LLD before THA on outcomes and complications is not well defined.AIM To assess the effect of prior LLD on rates of falls,implant-related complications,stay length,readmissions,and implant survival following THA.METHODS A retrospective review of a nationwide insurance database was conducted from 2010 to 2021.All cases of THA and those with a prior diagnosis of LLD were identified.THA patients with LLD were matched to control patients 1:5 based on demographic and comorbidity profiles.Two-year fall rates and implant complications,lengths of stay,90-day readmissions,and time to revision were compared between cohorts.RESULTS A total of 2038 patients with LLD were matched to 10165 control patients.The LLD group showed significantly greater rates of falls[odds ratio(OR)=1.58;95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.24-2.01],dislocation(OR=2.61;95%CI:2.10-3.24),mechanical loosening(OR=4.58;95%CI:3.28-6.29),and periprosthetic fracture(OR=2.70;95%CI:1.96-3.72)compared to the control group(all P<0.001).Mean length of stay(LOS)was also significantly higher in the LLD group(3.1 days vs 2.8 days,P=0.034).No significant difference in 90-day readmission rates(7.75%vs 7.02%,P=0.244)was observed between the groups(P=0.244).Time to revision was significantly less in the LLD group(225 days vs 544 days,P<0.001).CONCLUSION LLD in patients having THA is related with significantly higher fall risk,rates of implant-related complications,LOS,and quicker time to revision.Identifying patients with LLD before their THA may help in identifying risks,better patient counselling,and more effective preoperative planning.However,the study have important limitations:Its design lacks information on the degree and cause of LLD,the time between diagnosis and surgery,and which leg with the discrepancy underwent the operation.Future well-designed studies should confirm the findings of this study.展开更多
Spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria into environment is becoming a major public health problem, implicating affair of the indirect transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human through drinking water, ...Spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria into environment is becoming a major public health problem, implicating affair of the indirect transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human through drinking water, or vegetables, or daily products. Until now, the risk of nosocomial infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria has mainly been evaluated using clinical isolates by phenotypic method. To evaluate a risk of community-acquired infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria, a new method has been developed based on PCR-RFLP without isolation. By comparing restriction fragment lengths of the 16S rDNA gene from bacterial mixture grown under antibiotic treatment to those simulated from the DNA sequence, bacterial taxonomies were elucidated using the method of Okuda and Watanabe [1] [2]. In this study, taxonomies of polymyxin B resistant bacteria group in field soils, paddy field with organic manure and upland field without organic manure were estimated without isolation. In the both field soils, the major bacteria grown under the antibiotic were B. cereus group, which had natural resistance to this antibiotic. In field applied with organic manure, Prevotella spp., and the other Cytophagales, which were suggested to be of feces origin and to acquire resistance to the antibiotic, were detected. When numbers of each bacterial group were roughly estimated by the most probable number method, B. cereus group was enumerated to be 3.30 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in paddy field soil and 1.32 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in upland filed. Prevotella spp. and the other Cytophagales in paddy field were enumerated to be 1.31 × 106 MPN, and 1.07 × 106 MPN·g-1 dry soil.展开更多
Background The number of transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI)procedures in patients with severe aortic stenosis(AS)is increasing worldwide.We aimed to assess the impact of a TAVI program on clinical profile,m...Background The number of transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI)procedures in patients with severe aortic stenosis(AS)is increasing worldwide.We aimed to assess the impact of a TAVI program on clinical profile,management and outcomes of these patients and to describe predictors of length of hospital stay(LoS)in this context.Methods Retrospective single center study enrolling consecutive AS patients undergoing TAVI and surviving to discharge(January 2018-December 2022).A TAVI program was implemented in may 2021.Baseline clinical characteristics,management and in-hospital complications were registered.Predictors of long hospital stay(>7 day)were assessed by binary logistic regression.Results We included 614 patients,with mean age 80.5 years.Most patients(438/614,71.2%)presented conditions that precluded an early discharge.Mean hospital stay was 7.6 days.Patients admitted after the implementation of the program had a significantly lower burden of comorbidities.The rate of conduction disturbances after TAVI remained stable around 60%.However,permanent pacemaker requirement declined from 30.3%to 22.5%(P=0.028).LoS was reduced after the implementation of the program both in patients suitable for an early discharge(from 6.5 day to 4 day,P<0.001)and unsuitable patients(from 9.4 day to 7.7 day,P=0.014).The final predictive model for LoS included prior pacemaker and availability of TAVI program as protectors and other valvular diseases,day of the week,emergent procedures,and conduction disturbances and other complications as independent predictors of long stay after TAVI.Conclusions Most patients undergoing TAVI present conditions that preclude an early hospital discharge.The implementation of a TAVI program improved selection of patients,with a lower burden of comorbidities,a lower rate of complications and a marked reduction of hospital stay.展开更多
This study aims to examine the explicit solution for calculating the Average Run Length(ARL)on the triple exponentially weighted moving average(TEWMA)control chart applied to autoregressive model(AR(p)),where AR(p)is ...This study aims to examine the explicit solution for calculating the Average Run Length(ARL)on the triple exponentially weighted moving average(TEWMA)control chart applied to autoregressive model(AR(p)),where AR(p)is an autoregressive model of order p,representing a time series with dependencies on its p previous values.Additionally,the study evaluates the accuracy of both explicit and numerical integral equation(NIE)solutions for AR(p)using the TEWMA control chart,focusing on the absolute percentage relative error.The results indicate that the explicit and approximate solutions are in close agreement.Furthermore,the study investigates the performance of exponentially weighted moving average(EWMA)and TEWMA control charts in detecting changes in the process,using the relative mean index(RMI)as a measure.The findings demonstrate that the TEWMA control chart outperforms the EWMA control chart in detecting process changes,especially when the value ofλis sufficiently large.In addition,an analysis using historical data from the SET index between January 2024 and May 2024 and historical data of global annual plastic production,the results of both data sets also emphasize the superior performance of the TEWMA control chart.展开更多
Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segment...Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However.展开更多
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of lithium chloride (LiCl) on the fibre length distribution, melting temperature and the rheological characteristics of high yield pulp fibre reinforced polyamide bio...The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of lithium chloride (LiCl) on the fibre length distribution, melting temperature and the rheological characteristics of high yield pulp fibre reinforced polyamide biocomposite. The inorganic salt lithium chloride (LiCl) was used to decrease the melting and processing temperature of bio-based polyamide 11. The extrusion method and Brabender mixer approaches were used to carry out the compounding process. The densities and fibre content were found to be increased after processing using both compounding methods. The HYP fibre length distribution analysis realized using the FQA equipment showed an important fibre-length reduction after processing by both techniques. The rheological properties of HYP-reinforced net and modified bio-based polyamide 11 “PA11” (HYP/PA11) composite were investigated using a capillary rheometer. The rheological tests were performed in function of the shear rate for different temperature conditions. The low-temperature process compounding had higher shear viscosity;this was because during the process the temperature was low and the mixing and melting were induced by the high shear rate created during compounding process. Experimental test results using the extrusion process showed a steep decrease in shear viscosity with increasing shear rate, and this melt-flow characteristic corresponds to shear-thinning behavior in HYP/PA11, and this steep decrease in the melt viscosity can be associated to the hydrolyse reaction of nylon for high pulp fibre moisture content at high temperature. In addition to the low processing temperature, the melt viscosity of the biocomposite using the Brabender mixer approach increases with increasing shear rate, and this stability in the increase even at high shear rate for high pulp moisture content is associated to the presence of inorganic salt lithium chloride which creates the hydrogen bonds with pulp during the compounding process.展开更多
Introduction: Intensive care unit (ICU) provides advanced specialized medical and nursing care for critically ill patients. Advanced monitoring techniques are needed to prevent physiologic deterioration, while the und...Introduction: Intensive care unit (ICU) provides advanced specialized medical and nursing care for critically ill patients. Advanced monitoring techniques are needed to prevent physiologic deterioration, while the underlying disease treated and resolved. Frequents invasive procedure and treatment are used and affect the death rate and length of hospitalization. This study aimed to describe the variables associated with critically ill patients and describe the standard invasive procedures or treatments used among patients in ICU. Method: A retrospective comparative study which utilized the ICU electronic database. The data of 446 dead patients who have admitted to ICU between January 2014 and December 2016 as a case of sepsis, heart failure or COPD exacerbation were enrolled. Result: Almost of all patients had received intravenous fluid and vasoactive drugs. The mechanical ventilation support and insertion of the indwelling urethral catheter commonly used among patients with critical illnesses;78.3%, 41.3% respectively. One-third of all sepsis and heart failure patients were received CVC during ICU stay;patients with sepsis illness had less hospital length of stay than patients with heart failure and COPD (p Conclusion: We found a reduction in the death number among sepsis, heart failure and COPD patients with move forwards in years, the variety of death rate depends on the type of invasive procedure and treatment performed for each illness, mechanical ventilation support and insertion of indwelling urethral catheter commonly used among patients with critical illnesses.展开更多
Background:Evidence regarding the effectiveness of prenatal nutritional supplements has mainly considered anthropometric pregnancy outcomes.The effect on markers of health and disease,such as offspring telomere length...Background:Evidence regarding the effectiveness of prenatal nutritional supplements has mainly considered anthropometric pregnancy outcomes.The effect on markers of health and disease,such as offspring telomere length(TL)and mitochondrial DNA content(mtDNAc)is unknown.Objectives:We assessed the efficacy of maternal multiple micronutrient(MMN)-fortified balanced-energy protein(BEP)and iron-folic acid(IFA)supplementation on newborn TL as a secondary outcome and mtDNAc as a non-declared outcome.Design:We conducted a randomized controlled trial in rural Burkina Faso,among pregnant females(15-40 years old)enrolled at<21 weeks of gestation.Mothers received either MMN-fortified BEP and IFA(intervention)or IFA only(control)throughout pregnancy.Whole arterial blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord of 104 control and 90 intervention group infants,respectively.Average relative TL and mtDNAc were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Linear regression models were fitted to assess TL and mtDNAc differences across trial arms.Results:We found that a combined daily MMN-fortified BEP supplement and IFA tablet did not affect newborn TL[β=-0.010(95%CI:-0.057,0.036);P=0.662]or mtDNAc[β=0.065(95%CI:-0.203,0.073);P=0.354],as compared to an IFA tablet alone.These findings were confirmed(P>0.05)by adjusting the regression models for potential prognostic factors of study outcomes at enrollment.Exploratory analyses indicated higher,but non-significantly different mtDNAc among children born either small-for-gestational age,low birthweight,or preterm.Conclusion:Newborns from mothers who received daily nutritional supplements across gestation did not have different relative TL or mtDNAc.展开更多
Composting is a biological aerobic decomposition process consisted from different phases. Although the Japanese Standards for manure recommended that it took at least 6 months to complete the maturing phase, there was...Composting is a biological aerobic decomposition process consisted from different phases. Although the Japanese Standards for manure recommended that it took at least 6 months to complete the maturing phase, there was no reliable ground. In order to find out shortening method of the maturing phase, the microorganisms concerned with a progress of the maturing was determined by using the most probable number method (MPN) and PCR-RFLP of the 16S rDNA, which was found effective to provide numbers and taxonomy of polymyxin B resistant bacterial groups in the former paper [1]. Compared to the numbers after thermophilic phase, those of Actinobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and the other gram negative bacteria increased to 50 times, 20 times, and 105 times, respectively, after maturing phase, while those of Bacillus spp., and α and β-proteobacteria decreased to 1/10, and 1/105 after maturing phase. Numbers of the other Fumicutes, and γ-proteobacteria remained in the same revel. Actinobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and the other gram negative bacteria might be concerned with a progress of the maturing phase, because these bacterial groups were detected and enumerated due to their proliferation ability. Although number of Acitinobacteria might be underestimated because of a PCR bias, the method was found effective for the purpose to monitor bacteria actively proliferated in culture medium.展开更多
Mapping and isolation of quantitative trait loci(QTLs)or genes controlling grain size or weight is very important to uncover the molecular mechanisms of seed development and crop breeding.To identify the QTLs controll...Mapping and isolation of quantitative trait loci(QTLs)or genes controlling grain size or weight is very important to uncover the molecular mechanisms of seed development and crop breeding.To identify the QTLs controlling grain size and weight,we developed a near isogenic line F_2(NIL-F_2)population,which was derived from a residual heterozygous plant in an F_7 generation of recombinant inbred line(RIL).With the completion of more than 30×whole genome re-sequencing of the parents,two DNA bulks for large and small grains,a total of 58.94 Gb clean nucleotide data were generated.A total of455 262 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)between the parents were identified to perform bulked QTL-seq.A candidate genomic region containing SNPs strongly associated with grain length and weight was identified from 15 to 20 Mb on chromosome 5.We designated the major QTL in the candidate region as q TGW5.3.Then,q TGW5.3 was further validated with PCR-based conventional QTL mapping method through developing simple sequence repeat and Insertion/Deletion markers in the F_2 population.Furthermore,recombinants and the progeny tests delimited the candidate region of q TGW5.3 to 1.13 Mb,flanked by HX5009(15.15 Mb)and HX5003(16.28 Mb).A set of NILs,selected from the F_2 population,was developed to evaluate the genetic effect of q TGW5.3.Significant QTL effects were detected on grain length,grain width and 1000-grain weight of H12-29 allele with 1.14 mm,-0.11 mm and 3.11 g,which explained 99.64%,95.51%and 97.32%of the phenotypic variations,respectively.展开更多
Diabetes has become a growing concern in Japan, both medically and financially. The medical cost of diabetes was estimated at 1215 billion yen for fiscal year 2011. We analyzed the length of stay (LOS) in a hospital f...Diabetes has become a growing concern in Japan, both medically and financially. The medical cost of diabetes was estimated at 1215 billion yen for fiscal year 2011. We analyzed the length of stay (LOS) in a hospital for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who participated in educational programs to determine factors affecting LOS. Data on 991 patients obtained from 28 Red Cross hospitals in 2008 were used. For the analysis, we used the Box-Cox transformation model and Hausman test. The results revealed that patients aged 75 years and above and those with comorbidities and complications were prone to longer LOS. The analysis also revealed significant differences in LOS across the hospitals, even after controlling for patient characteristics. Finally, we applied the least squares method to determine the effects of hospital and regional factors and revealed that patients’ LOS was affected by the region’s average LOS. Regional corporations and networks appeared to be important in improving educational programs.展开更多
The anchoring capacity of the anchor cable is closely related to the bonding length and radial pressure conditions.Through field pull-out tests,theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and industrial tests,this study...The anchoring capacity of the anchor cable is closely related to the bonding length and radial pressure conditions.Through field pull-out tests,theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and industrial tests,this study clarifies the relationship between radial pressure and bonding length for the ultimate pullout force and reveals the microscopic failure process of the resin-rock interface in the anchoring system.The results show that the ultimate load increases with the increase of bonding length in three different stages:rapid,slow,and uniform growth.The new mechanical model developed considering radial pressure describes the inverse relationship between radial pressure and the plastic zone on the bonding section,and quantifies the reinforcing effect of confining pressure on the anchoring force.During the pull-out process of the anchor cable,the generation of failure cracks is in the order of orifice,bottom,and middle of the hole.Radial pressure can effectively enhance the ultimate pull-out force,alleviate the oscillation increase of pull-out force,and inhibit resin cracking,but will produce an external crushing zone.It also reveals the synergistic effect between bonding length and radial pressure,and successfully carries out industrial tests of anchor cable support,which ensures the stability of the stope roof and provides an important reference for the design of anchor cable support in deep high-stress mines.展开更多
The onset,cessation,and length of the rainy season are crucial for global water resources,agricultural practices,and food security.However,the response of precipitation seasonality to global warming remains uncertain....The onset,cessation,and length of the rainy season are crucial for global water resources,agricultural practices,and food security.However,the response of precipitation seasonality to global warming remains uncertain.In this study,we analyze how global warming levels(GWLs)of 1.5℃ and 2℃ could affect the timing of rainfall onset(RODs),rainfall cessation(RCDs),and the overall duration of the rainy season(LRS)over global land monsoon(GLM)regions using simulations from CMIP6 under the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios.With high model consensus,our results reveal that RODs are projected to occur later over Southern Africa,North Africa,and South America,but earlier over South Asia and Australia,in a warmer climate.The projected early RODs in Australia are more pronounced at the 2℃ GWL under SSP5-8.5.On the other hand,early RCDs are projected over South America and East Asia,while late RCDs are projected over North Africa,with high inter-model agreement.These changes are associated with a future decrease in LRS in most GLM regions.Additionally,we found that continuous warming over 1.5℃ will further reduce the length of the rainy season,especially over the South America,North Africa,and Southern Africa monsoon regions.The findings underscore the urgent need to mitigate global warming.展开更多
The accuracy and effi ciency of the modelling techniques utilized to model the nonlinear behavior of structural components is a signifi cant issue in earthquake engineering. In this study, the suffi ciency of three di...The accuracy and effi ciency of the modelling techniques utilized to model the nonlinear behavior of structural components is a signifi cant issue in earthquake engineering. In this study, the suffi ciency of three diff erent modelling techniques that can be employed to simulate the structural behavior of columns is investigated. A fi ber-based fi nite length plastic hinge (FB-FLPH) model is calibrated in this study. In order to calibrate the FB-FLPH model, a novel database of the cyclic behavior of hollow steel columns under simultaneous axial and lateral loading cycles with varying amplitudes is used. By employing the FB-FLPH model calibrated in this study, the interaction of the axial force and the bending moment in columns is directly taken into account, and the deterioration in the cyclic behavior of these members is implicitly considered. The superiority of the calibrated FB-FLPH modelling approach is examined compared with the cases in which conventional fi ber-based distributed plasticity and concentrated plasticity models are utilized. The effi ciency of the enumerated modelling techniques is probed when they are implemented to model the columns of a typical special moment frame in order to prove the advantage of the FB-FLPH modelling approach.展开更多
Korean larch(Larix olgensis)is one of the main tree species for aff orestation and timber production in northeast China.However,its timber quality and growth ability are largely infl uenced by crown size,structure and...Korean larch(Larix olgensis)is one of the main tree species for aff orestation and timber production in northeast China.However,its timber quality and growth ability are largely infl uenced by crown size,structure and shape.The majority of crown models are static models based on tree size and stand characteristics from temporary sample plots,but crown dynamic models has seldom been constructed.Therefore,this study aimed to develop height to crown base(HCB)and crown length(CL)dynamic models using the branch mortality technique for a Korean larch plantation.The nonlinear mixed-eff ects model with random eff ects,variance functions and correlation structures,was used to build HCB and CL dynamic models.The data were obtained from 95 sample trees of 19 plots in Meng JiaGang forest farm in Northeast China.The results showed that HCB progressively increases as tree age,tree height growth(HT growth)and diameter at breast height growth(DBH growth).The CL was increased with tree age in 20 years ago,and subsequently stabilized.HT growth,DBH growth stand basal area(BAS)and crown competition factor(CCF)signifi cantly infl uenced HCB and CL.The HCB was positively correlated with BAS,HT growth and DBH growth,but negatively correlated with CCF.The CL was positively correlated with BAS and CCF,but negatively correlated with DBH growth.Model fi tting and validation confi rmed that the mixed-eff ects model considering the stand and tree level random eff ects was accurate and reliable for predicting the HCB and CL dynamics.However,the models involving adding variance functions and time series correlation structure could not completely remove heterogeneity and autocorrelation,and the fi tting precision of the models was reduced.Therefore,from the point of view of application,we should take care to avoid setting up over-complex models.The HCB and CL dynamic models in our study may also be incorporated into stand growth and yield model systems in China.展开更多
Objective To identify risk factors contributing to prolonged postoperative length of stay(LOS)in very elderly patients following hip fracture surgery,with a focus on postoperative complications and the impact of diffe...Objective To identify risk factors contributing to prolonged postoperative length of stay(LOS)in very elderly patients following hip fracture surgery,with a focus on postoperative complications and the impact of different anesthesia approaches.Methods This retrospective single-center cohort study enrolled patients aged 90 years or older who underwent hip fracture surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 31,2013 and December 31,2023.Relevant perioperative data were collected.The primary outcome was postoperative LOS,and the study cohort was divided into two groups:postoperative LOS≤7 days and LOS>7 days.Logistic regression was performed to identify factors related to prolonged postoperative LOS.Results A total of 155 patients were included.The average age was 92.7±2.6 years.There were 73(47%)patients with postoperative LOS>7 days.Postoperative pneumonia was the only factor associated with a prolonged postoperative LOS(OR=2.12,95%CI[1.09,4.16],P=0.028).Neither the type of anesthesia(regional vs.general anesthesia,OR=1.00,95%CI[0.53,1.90],P=0.993)nor the method of airway management(laryngeal mask ventilation vs.spontaneous breathing,OR=1.46,95%CI[0.58,3.76],P=0.424;endotracheal intubation vs.spontaneous breathing,OR=0.82,95%CI[0.39,1.69],P=0.592)showed a significant association with a prolonged postoperative LOS.Preoperative chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(OR=2.78,95%CI[1.05,7.65],P=0.040)and preoperative neutrophil count(OR=1.13,95%CI[1.01,1.26],P=0.029)were both significantly associated with the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia,while anesthesia type and airway management method were not.Conclusions Postoperative pneumonia was associated with prolonged postoperative LOS in very elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery,whereas anesthesia types and airway management methods show no association with prolonged postoperative LOS or postoperative pneumonia.Preoperative comorbidities,especially respiratory conditions and systemic inflammation,potentially play a substantial role in postoperative recovery.展开更多
Objective:To explore the correlation between fetal foot length measured by ultrasound and gestational age.Methods:This study employed ultrasound to measure the fetal foot length,femoral length,and foot length/femoral ...Objective:To explore the correlation between fetal foot length measured by ultrasound and gestational age.Methods:This study employed ultrasound to measure the fetal foot length,femoral length,and foot length/femoral length ratio in 214 pregnant women from 12 to 40 weeks of gestation,all of whom had no pregnancy complications or obstetric complications,and whose fetuses were normal.Results:A significant positive correlation was found between fetal foot length and gestational age(r=0.967,p<0.001);a similarly significant positive correlation was observed between fetal femoral length and gestational age(r=0.972,p<0.001);and a non-significant positive correlation was noted between the foot length/femoral length ratio and gestational age(r=0.943,p<0.001).Conclusion:Ultrasound can accurately measure fetal foot length and femoral length,both of which exhibit a significant positive correlation with gestational age,making them important reference indicators for assessing fetal growth and development.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 lens in achieving optimal visual outcomes for cataract surgery patients with axial length(AL)shorter than 24 mm.METHODS:A total of 21 subjects(37 eyes)were subm...AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 lens in achieving optimal visual outcomes for cataract surgery patients with axial length(AL)shorter than 24 mm.METHODS:A total of 21 subjects(37 eyes)were submitted to cataract surgery and implantation of Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 lens(Johnson&Johnson Vision)was assessed.Patients were examined at 5 m,80 cm,and 40 cm for uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA)and corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),uncorrected intermediate(UCIVA),and uncorrected near visual acuity(UCNVA).Further,based on the optimal distance correction,the monocular defocusing curve in the range of+0.5 to-3.5 D was investigated.A simple patient-reported spectacle independence questionnaire(PRSIQ)was used to evaluate subjects’subjective feelings about their dependence on glasses at various distances.Multiple linear regression was employed to examine the association amony intraocular lenses(IOLs)diopter,AL,corneal curvature,anterior chamber depth,mean manifest refractive spherical equivalent,pupil,pupil/scan,target refraction,and near vision(logMAR).RESULTS:The study demonstrated enhanced UCNVA alongside comparable distant vision and UCIVA outcomes in eyes with AL shorter than 24 mm.Mean post-operative UCDVA significantly improved from preoperative levels 0.530±0.406(P=0.000).Notably,83.3%of eyes achieved 0.01 logMAR in UCNVA.Five unilateral cases with blended IOL implantation also showed satisfactory visual acuity and satisfaction.The 90.5%(19/21)achieved spectacle independence.The average score for self-reported spectacle-independence on the PRSIQ was 3.52 with a standard deviation of 0.98.The results of the regression analysis revealed that one predictor,the pupil/scan accounted for 27.6%of the variation in near vision[logMAR;F(1,35)=13.33,P<0.01].CONCLUSION:The results affirm the effectiveness of the Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 lens in enhancing visual outcomes for cataract surgery patients with AL shorter than 24 mm.Additionally,the pupil/scan emerges as a critical factor influencing postoperative near vision.展开更多
We report an interesting and abnormal electromagnetic phenomenon with regard to a terajet(TJ)that is generated in a reflection mode,which is realized by placing a dielectric scatterer onto a metal reflection plate.We ...We report an interesting and abnormal electromagnetic phenomenon with regard to a terajet(TJ)that is generated in a reflection mode,which is realized by placing a dielectric scatterer onto a metal reflection plate.We show that the introduction of an air hollow into metal reflection plate beneath the scatterer does not induce an expected decrease but an abnormal increase of focal length of the TJ by as much as more than three times.This abnormal phenomenon takes place in case that the air hollow is shallow and there exists a critical hollow depth for a given lateral size of air hollow.Larger than the critical depth,the phenomenon no longer occurs.It is explained from viewpoints of both ray optics in terms of role of relative portion of central waves in TJ formation and electromagnetic field theory with regard to hollow-induced phase singularities.展开更多
基金supported by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0100406)the Rice Molecular Design Breeding (2016YFD0101801)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91535102 and 31771760)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice (Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center) (2016KF09)
文摘Rice grain size is an important trait that affects rice yield and quality, and thus the identification of genes related to grain size is of great significance for improving rice yield and quality. Many genes related to grain size, such as DEP1(Huang et al., 2009),GW5(Liu et al., 2017).
文摘BACKGROUND Leg length discrepancy(LLD)following total hip arthroplasty(THA)is a common complaint,leading to decreased patient satisfaction.However,the effect of LLD before THA on outcomes and complications is not well defined.AIM To assess the effect of prior LLD on rates of falls,implant-related complications,stay length,readmissions,and implant survival following THA.METHODS A retrospective review of a nationwide insurance database was conducted from 2010 to 2021.All cases of THA and those with a prior diagnosis of LLD were identified.THA patients with LLD were matched to control patients 1:5 based on demographic and comorbidity profiles.Two-year fall rates and implant complications,lengths of stay,90-day readmissions,and time to revision were compared between cohorts.RESULTS A total of 2038 patients with LLD were matched to 10165 control patients.The LLD group showed significantly greater rates of falls[odds ratio(OR)=1.58;95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.24-2.01],dislocation(OR=2.61;95%CI:2.10-3.24),mechanical loosening(OR=4.58;95%CI:3.28-6.29),and periprosthetic fracture(OR=2.70;95%CI:1.96-3.72)compared to the control group(all P<0.001).Mean length of stay(LOS)was also significantly higher in the LLD group(3.1 days vs 2.8 days,P=0.034).No significant difference in 90-day readmission rates(7.75%vs 7.02%,P=0.244)was observed between the groups(P=0.244).Time to revision was significantly less in the LLD group(225 days vs 544 days,P<0.001).CONCLUSION LLD in patients having THA is related with significantly higher fall risk,rates of implant-related complications,LOS,and quicker time to revision.Identifying patients with LLD before their THA may help in identifying risks,better patient counselling,and more effective preoperative planning.However,the study have important limitations:Its design lacks information on the degree and cause of LLD,the time between diagnosis and surgery,and which leg with the discrepancy underwent the operation.Future well-designed studies should confirm the findings of this study.
文摘Spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria into environment is becoming a major public health problem, implicating affair of the indirect transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human through drinking water, or vegetables, or daily products. Until now, the risk of nosocomial infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria has mainly been evaluated using clinical isolates by phenotypic method. To evaluate a risk of community-acquired infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria, a new method has been developed based on PCR-RFLP without isolation. By comparing restriction fragment lengths of the 16S rDNA gene from bacterial mixture grown under antibiotic treatment to those simulated from the DNA sequence, bacterial taxonomies were elucidated using the method of Okuda and Watanabe [1] [2]. In this study, taxonomies of polymyxin B resistant bacteria group in field soils, paddy field with organic manure and upland field without organic manure were estimated without isolation. In the both field soils, the major bacteria grown under the antibiotic were B. cereus group, which had natural resistance to this antibiotic. In field applied with organic manure, Prevotella spp., and the other Cytophagales, which were suggested to be of feces origin and to acquire resistance to the antibiotic, were detected. When numbers of each bacterial group were roughly estimated by the most probable number method, B. cereus group was enumerated to be 3.30 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in paddy field soil and 1.32 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in upland filed. Prevotella spp. and the other Cytophagales in paddy field were enumerated to be 1.31 × 106 MPN, and 1.07 × 106 MPN·g-1 dry soil.
文摘Background The number of transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI)procedures in patients with severe aortic stenosis(AS)is increasing worldwide.We aimed to assess the impact of a TAVI program on clinical profile,management and outcomes of these patients and to describe predictors of length of hospital stay(LoS)in this context.Methods Retrospective single center study enrolling consecutive AS patients undergoing TAVI and surviving to discharge(January 2018-December 2022).A TAVI program was implemented in may 2021.Baseline clinical characteristics,management and in-hospital complications were registered.Predictors of long hospital stay(>7 day)were assessed by binary logistic regression.Results We included 614 patients,with mean age 80.5 years.Most patients(438/614,71.2%)presented conditions that precluded an early discharge.Mean hospital stay was 7.6 days.Patients admitted after the implementation of the program had a significantly lower burden of comorbidities.The rate of conduction disturbances after TAVI remained stable around 60%.However,permanent pacemaker requirement declined from 30.3%to 22.5%(P=0.028).LoS was reduced after the implementation of the program both in patients suitable for an early discharge(from 6.5 day to 4 day,P<0.001)and unsuitable patients(from 9.4 day to 7.7 day,P=0.014).The final predictive model for LoS included prior pacemaker and availability of TAVI program as protectors and other valvular diseases,day of the week,emergent procedures,and conduction disturbances and other complications as independent predictors of long stay after TAVI.Conclusions Most patients undergoing TAVI present conditions that preclude an early hospital discharge.The implementation of a TAVI program improved selection of patients,with a lower burden of comorbidities,a lower rate of complications and a marked reduction of hospital stay.
基金the National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)King Mongkuts University of Technology North Bangkok under contract no.KMUTNB-FF-68-B-08.
文摘This study aims to examine the explicit solution for calculating the Average Run Length(ARL)on the triple exponentially weighted moving average(TEWMA)control chart applied to autoregressive model(AR(p)),where AR(p)is an autoregressive model of order p,representing a time series with dependencies on its p previous values.Additionally,the study evaluates the accuracy of both explicit and numerical integral equation(NIE)solutions for AR(p)using the TEWMA control chart,focusing on the absolute percentage relative error.The results indicate that the explicit and approximate solutions are in close agreement.Furthermore,the study investigates the performance of exponentially weighted moving average(EWMA)and TEWMA control charts in detecting changes in the process,using the relative mean index(RMI)as a measure.The findings demonstrate that the TEWMA control chart outperforms the EWMA control chart in detecting process changes,especially when the value ofλis sufficiently large.In addition,an analysis using historical data from the SET index between January 2024 and May 2024 and historical data of global annual plastic production,the results of both data sets also emphasize the superior performance of the TEWMA control chart.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2016YFE0203200, 2017YFD0500704)the Major Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31430087)the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (No. CARS-41-G15)
文摘Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However.
文摘The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of lithium chloride (LiCl) on the fibre length distribution, melting temperature and the rheological characteristics of high yield pulp fibre reinforced polyamide biocomposite. The inorganic salt lithium chloride (LiCl) was used to decrease the melting and processing temperature of bio-based polyamide 11. The extrusion method and Brabender mixer approaches were used to carry out the compounding process. The densities and fibre content were found to be increased after processing using both compounding methods. The HYP fibre length distribution analysis realized using the FQA equipment showed an important fibre-length reduction after processing by both techniques. The rheological properties of HYP-reinforced net and modified bio-based polyamide 11 “PA11” (HYP/PA11) composite were investigated using a capillary rheometer. The rheological tests were performed in function of the shear rate for different temperature conditions. The low-temperature process compounding had higher shear viscosity;this was because during the process the temperature was low and the mixing and melting were induced by the high shear rate created during compounding process. Experimental test results using the extrusion process showed a steep decrease in shear viscosity with increasing shear rate, and this melt-flow characteristic corresponds to shear-thinning behavior in HYP/PA11, and this steep decrease in the melt viscosity can be associated to the hydrolyse reaction of nylon for high pulp fibre moisture content at high temperature. In addition to the low processing temperature, the melt viscosity of the biocomposite using the Brabender mixer approach increases with increasing shear rate, and this stability in the increase even at high shear rate for high pulp moisture content is associated to the presence of inorganic salt lithium chloride which creates the hydrogen bonds with pulp during the compounding process.
文摘Introduction: Intensive care unit (ICU) provides advanced specialized medical and nursing care for critically ill patients. Advanced monitoring techniques are needed to prevent physiologic deterioration, while the underlying disease treated and resolved. Frequents invasive procedure and treatment are used and affect the death rate and length of hospitalization. This study aimed to describe the variables associated with critically ill patients and describe the standard invasive procedures or treatments used among patients in ICU. Method: A retrospective comparative study which utilized the ICU electronic database. The data of 446 dead patients who have admitted to ICU between January 2014 and December 2016 as a case of sepsis, heart failure or COPD exacerbation were enrolled. Result: Almost of all patients had received intravenous fluid and vasoactive drugs. The mechanical ventilation support and insertion of the indwelling urethral catheter commonly used among patients with critical illnesses;78.3%, 41.3% respectively. One-third of all sepsis and heart failure patients were received CVC during ICU stay;patients with sepsis illness had less hospital length of stay than patients with heart failure and COPD (p Conclusion: We found a reduction in the death number among sepsis, heart failure and COPD patients with move forwards in years, the variety of death rate depends on the type of invasive procedure and treatment performed for each illness, mechanical ventilation support and insertion of indwelling urethral catheter commonly used among patients with critical illnesses.
基金supported by the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation(OPP1175213)supported by the Research Foundation Flanders(12X9620N and 12X9623N)the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(946192,HUMYCO)。
文摘Background:Evidence regarding the effectiveness of prenatal nutritional supplements has mainly considered anthropometric pregnancy outcomes.The effect on markers of health and disease,such as offspring telomere length(TL)and mitochondrial DNA content(mtDNAc)is unknown.Objectives:We assessed the efficacy of maternal multiple micronutrient(MMN)-fortified balanced-energy protein(BEP)and iron-folic acid(IFA)supplementation on newborn TL as a secondary outcome and mtDNAc as a non-declared outcome.Design:We conducted a randomized controlled trial in rural Burkina Faso,among pregnant females(15-40 years old)enrolled at<21 weeks of gestation.Mothers received either MMN-fortified BEP and IFA(intervention)or IFA only(control)throughout pregnancy.Whole arterial blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord of 104 control and 90 intervention group infants,respectively.Average relative TL and mtDNAc were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Linear regression models were fitted to assess TL and mtDNAc differences across trial arms.Results:We found that a combined daily MMN-fortified BEP supplement and IFA tablet did not affect newborn TL[β=-0.010(95%CI:-0.057,0.036);P=0.662]or mtDNAc[β=0.065(95%CI:-0.203,0.073);P=0.354],as compared to an IFA tablet alone.These findings were confirmed(P>0.05)by adjusting the regression models for potential prognostic factors of study outcomes at enrollment.Exploratory analyses indicated higher,but non-significantly different mtDNAc among children born either small-for-gestational age,low birthweight,or preterm.Conclusion:Newborns from mothers who received daily nutritional supplements across gestation did not have different relative TL or mtDNAc.
文摘Composting is a biological aerobic decomposition process consisted from different phases. Although the Japanese Standards for manure recommended that it took at least 6 months to complete the maturing phase, there was no reliable ground. In order to find out shortening method of the maturing phase, the microorganisms concerned with a progress of the maturing was determined by using the most probable number method (MPN) and PCR-RFLP of the 16S rDNA, which was found effective to provide numbers and taxonomy of polymyxin B resistant bacterial groups in the former paper [1]. Compared to the numbers after thermophilic phase, those of Actinobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and the other gram negative bacteria increased to 50 times, 20 times, and 105 times, respectively, after maturing phase, while those of Bacillus spp., and α and β-proteobacteria decreased to 1/10, and 1/105 after maturing phase. Numbers of the other Fumicutes, and γ-proteobacteria remained in the same revel. Actinobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and the other gram negative bacteria might be concerned with a progress of the maturing phase, because these bacterial groups were detected and enumerated due to their proliferation ability. Although number of Acitinobacteria might be underestimated because of a PCR bias, the method was found effective for the purpose to monitor bacteria actively proliferated in culture medium.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31371605)Chinese High-Yielding Transgenic Program(Grant No.2016ZX08001-004)
文摘Mapping and isolation of quantitative trait loci(QTLs)or genes controlling grain size or weight is very important to uncover the molecular mechanisms of seed development and crop breeding.To identify the QTLs controlling grain size and weight,we developed a near isogenic line F_2(NIL-F_2)population,which was derived from a residual heterozygous plant in an F_7 generation of recombinant inbred line(RIL).With the completion of more than 30×whole genome re-sequencing of the parents,two DNA bulks for large and small grains,a total of 58.94 Gb clean nucleotide data were generated.A total of455 262 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)between the parents were identified to perform bulked QTL-seq.A candidate genomic region containing SNPs strongly associated with grain length and weight was identified from 15 to 20 Mb on chromosome 5.We designated the major QTL in the candidate region as q TGW5.3.Then,q TGW5.3 was further validated with PCR-based conventional QTL mapping method through developing simple sequence repeat and Insertion/Deletion markers in the F_2 population.Furthermore,recombinants and the progeny tests delimited the candidate region of q TGW5.3 to 1.13 Mb,flanked by HX5009(15.15 Mb)and HX5003(16.28 Mb).A set of NILs,selected from the F_2 population,was developed to evaluate the genetic effect of q TGW5.3.Significant QTL effects were detected on grain length,grain width and 1000-grain weight of H12-29 allele with 1.14 mm,-0.11 mm and 3.11 g,which explained 99.64%,95.51%and 97.32%of the phenotypic variations,respectively.
文摘Diabetes has become a growing concern in Japan, both medically and financially. The medical cost of diabetes was estimated at 1215 billion yen for fiscal year 2011. We analyzed the length of stay (LOS) in a hospital for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who participated in educational programs to determine factors affecting LOS. Data on 991 patients obtained from 28 Red Cross hospitals in 2008 were used. For the analysis, we used the Box-Cox transformation model and Hausman test. The results revealed that patients aged 75 years and above and those with comorbidities and complications were prone to longer LOS. The analysis also revealed significant differences in LOS across the hospitals, even after controlling for patient characteristics. Finally, we applied the least squares method to determine the effects of hospital and regional factors and revealed that patients’ LOS was affected by the region’s average LOS. Regional corporations and networks appeared to be important in improving educational programs.
基金Financial supports for this work,provided by the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China(No.52374152)the Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project of China(No.2022AB31023)the National Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2904602)are gratefully acknowledged。
文摘The anchoring capacity of the anchor cable is closely related to the bonding length and radial pressure conditions.Through field pull-out tests,theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and industrial tests,this study clarifies the relationship between radial pressure and bonding length for the ultimate pullout force and reveals the microscopic failure process of the resin-rock interface in the anchoring system.The results show that the ultimate load increases with the increase of bonding length in three different stages:rapid,slow,and uniform growth.The new mechanical model developed considering radial pressure describes the inverse relationship between radial pressure and the plastic zone on the bonding section,and quantifies the reinforcing effect of confining pressure on the anchoring force.During the pull-out process of the anchor cable,the generation of failure cracks is in the order of orifice,bottom,and middle of the hole.Radial pressure can effectively enhance the ultimate pull-out force,alleviate the oscillation increase of pull-out force,and inhibit resin cracking,but will produce an external crushing zone.It also reveals the synergistic effect between bonding length and radial pressure,and successfully carries out industrial tests of anchor cable support,which ensures the stability of the stope roof and provides an important reference for the design of anchor cable support in deep high-stress mines.
基金supported by the Australian Research Council(Grant No.CE230100012)。
文摘The onset,cessation,and length of the rainy season are crucial for global water resources,agricultural practices,and food security.However,the response of precipitation seasonality to global warming remains uncertain.In this study,we analyze how global warming levels(GWLs)of 1.5℃ and 2℃ could affect the timing of rainfall onset(RODs),rainfall cessation(RCDs),and the overall duration of the rainy season(LRS)over global land monsoon(GLM)regions using simulations from CMIP6 under the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios.With high model consensus,our results reveal that RODs are projected to occur later over Southern Africa,North Africa,and South America,but earlier over South Asia and Australia,in a warmer climate.The projected early RODs in Australia are more pronounced at the 2℃ GWL under SSP5-8.5.On the other hand,early RCDs are projected over South America and East Asia,while late RCDs are projected over North Africa,with high inter-model agreement.These changes are associated with a future decrease in LRS in most GLM regions.Additionally,we found that continuous warming over 1.5℃ will further reduce the length of the rainy season,especially over the South America,North Africa,and Southern Africa monsoon regions.The findings underscore the urgent need to mitigate global warming.
文摘The accuracy and effi ciency of the modelling techniques utilized to model the nonlinear behavior of structural components is a signifi cant issue in earthquake engineering. In this study, the suffi ciency of three diff erent modelling techniques that can be employed to simulate the structural behavior of columns is investigated. A fi ber-based fi nite length plastic hinge (FB-FLPH) model is calibrated in this study. In order to calibrate the FB-FLPH model, a novel database of the cyclic behavior of hollow steel columns under simultaneous axial and lateral loading cycles with varying amplitudes is used. By employing the FB-FLPH model calibrated in this study, the interaction of the axial force and the bending moment in columns is directly taken into account, and the deterioration in the cyclic behavior of these members is implicitly considered. The superiority of the calibrated FB-FLPH modelling approach is examined compared with the cases in which conventional fi ber-based distributed plasticity and concentrated plasticity models are utilized. The effi ciency of the enumerated modelling techniques is probed when they are implemented to model the columns of a typical special moment frame in order to prove the advantage of the FB-FLPH modelling approach.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0600401)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2572019CP08)
文摘Korean larch(Larix olgensis)is one of the main tree species for aff orestation and timber production in northeast China.However,its timber quality and growth ability are largely infl uenced by crown size,structure and shape.The majority of crown models are static models based on tree size and stand characteristics from temporary sample plots,but crown dynamic models has seldom been constructed.Therefore,this study aimed to develop height to crown base(HCB)and crown length(CL)dynamic models using the branch mortality technique for a Korean larch plantation.The nonlinear mixed-eff ects model with random eff ects,variance functions and correlation structures,was used to build HCB and CL dynamic models.The data were obtained from 95 sample trees of 19 plots in Meng JiaGang forest farm in Northeast China.The results showed that HCB progressively increases as tree age,tree height growth(HT growth)and diameter at breast height growth(DBH growth).The CL was increased with tree age in 20 years ago,and subsequently stabilized.HT growth,DBH growth stand basal area(BAS)and crown competition factor(CCF)signifi cantly infl uenced HCB and CL.The HCB was positively correlated with BAS,HT growth and DBH growth,but negatively correlated with CCF.The CL was positively correlated with BAS and CCF,but negatively correlated with DBH growth.Model fi tting and validation confi rmed that the mixed-eff ects model considering the stand and tree level random eff ects was accurate and reliable for predicting the HCB and CL dynamics.However,the models involving adding variance functions and time series correlation structure could not completely remove heterogeneity and autocorrelation,and the fi tting precision of the models was reduced.Therefore,from the point of view of application,we should take care to avoid setting up over-complex models.The HCB and CL dynamic models in our study may also be incorporated into stand growth and yield model systems in China.
文摘Objective To identify risk factors contributing to prolonged postoperative length of stay(LOS)in very elderly patients following hip fracture surgery,with a focus on postoperative complications and the impact of different anesthesia approaches.Methods This retrospective single-center cohort study enrolled patients aged 90 years or older who underwent hip fracture surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 31,2013 and December 31,2023.Relevant perioperative data were collected.The primary outcome was postoperative LOS,and the study cohort was divided into two groups:postoperative LOS≤7 days and LOS>7 days.Logistic regression was performed to identify factors related to prolonged postoperative LOS.Results A total of 155 patients were included.The average age was 92.7±2.6 years.There were 73(47%)patients with postoperative LOS>7 days.Postoperative pneumonia was the only factor associated with a prolonged postoperative LOS(OR=2.12,95%CI[1.09,4.16],P=0.028).Neither the type of anesthesia(regional vs.general anesthesia,OR=1.00,95%CI[0.53,1.90],P=0.993)nor the method of airway management(laryngeal mask ventilation vs.spontaneous breathing,OR=1.46,95%CI[0.58,3.76],P=0.424;endotracheal intubation vs.spontaneous breathing,OR=0.82,95%CI[0.39,1.69],P=0.592)showed a significant association with a prolonged postoperative LOS.Preoperative chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(OR=2.78,95%CI[1.05,7.65],P=0.040)and preoperative neutrophil count(OR=1.13,95%CI[1.01,1.26],P=0.029)were both significantly associated with the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia,while anesthesia type and airway management method were not.Conclusions Postoperative pneumonia was associated with prolonged postoperative LOS in very elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery,whereas anesthesia types and airway management methods show no association with prolonged postoperative LOS or postoperative pneumonia.Preoperative comorbidities,especially respiratory conditions and systemic inflammation,potentially play a substantial role in postoperative recovery.
文摘Objective:To explore the correlation between fetal foot length measured by ultrasound and gestational age.Methods:This study employed ultrasound to measure the fetal foot length,femoral length,and foot length/femoral length ratio in 214 pregnant women from 12 to 40 weeks of gestation,all of whom had no pregnancy complications or obstetric complications,and whose fetuses were normal.Results:A significant positive correlation was found between fetal foot length and gestational age(r=0.967,p<0.001);a similarly significant positive correlation was observed between fetal femoral length and gestational age(r=0.972,p<0.001);and a non-significant positive correlation was noted between the foot length/femoral length ratio and gestational age(r=0.943,p<0.001).Conclusion:Ultrasound can accurately measure fetal foot length and femoral length,both of which exhibit a significant positive correlation with gestational age,making them important reference indicators for assessing fetal growth and development.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 lens in achieving optimal visual outcomes for cataract surgery patients with axial length(AL)shorter than 24 mm.METHODS:A total of 21 subjects(37 eyes)were submitted to cataract surgery and implantation of Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 lens(Johnson&Johnson Vision)was assessed.Patients were examined at 5 m,80 cm,and 40 cm for uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA)and corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),uncorrected intermediate(UCIVA),and uncorrected near visual acuity(UCNVA).Further,based on the optimal distance correction,the monocular defocusing curve in the range of+0.5 to-3.5 D was investigated.A simple patient-reported spectacle independence questionnaire(PRSIQ)was used to evaluate subjects’subjective feelings about their dependence on glasses at various distances.Multiple linear regression was employed to examine the association amony intraocular lenses(IOLs)diopter,AL,corneal curvature,anterior chamber depth,mean manifest refractive spherical equivalent,pupil,pupil/scan,target refraction,and near vision(logMAR).RESULTS:The study demonstrated enhanced UCNVA alongside comparable distant vision and UCIVA outcomes in eyes with AL shorter than 24 mm.Mean post-operative UCDVA significantly improved from preoperative levels 0.530±0.406(P=0.000).Notably,83.3%of eyes achieved 0.01 logMAR in UCNVA.Five unilateral cases with blended IOL implantation also showed satisfactory visual acuity and satisfaction.The 90.5%(19/21)achieved spectacle independence.The average score for self-reported spectacle-independence on the PRSIQ was 3.52 with a standard deviation of 0.98.The results of the regression analysis revealed that one predictor,the pupil/scan accounted for 27.6%of the variation in near vision[logMAR;F(1,35)=13.33,P<0.01].CONCLUSION:The results affirm the effectiveness of the Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 lens in enhancing visual outcomes for cataract surgery patients with AL shorter than 24 mm.Additionally,the pupil/scan emerges as a critical factor influencing postoperative near vision.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61875148)the Key Awards Program of Cultivating Outstanding Innovative Postgraduates in Arts and Sciences of Tianjin University(Grant No.C1-2022002)+3 种基金the Talent Project of Anhui Science and Technology University(Grant No.DQYJ202304)the University-Level Research Project of Tianjin Sino-German University of Applied Sciences(Grant No.zdkt2018-007)China Association for Science and Technology Young Talent Support Project Doctoral Special Programthe National High-level University Scholarship Program for Graduate Students of China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202406250166)。
文摘We report an interesting and abnormal electromagnetic phenomenon with regard to a terajet(TJ)that is generated in a reflection mode,which is realized by placing a dielectric scatterer onto a metal reflection plate.We show that the introduction of an air hollow into metal reflection plate beneath the scatterer does not induce an expected decrease but an abnormal increase of focal length of the TJ by as much as more than three times.This abnormal phenomenon takes place in case that the air hollow is shallow and there exists a critical hollow depth for a given lateral size of air hollow.Larger than the critical depth,the phenomenon no longer occurs.It is explained from viewpoints of both ray optics in terms of role of relative portion of central waves in TJ formation and electromagnetic field theory with regard to hollow-induced phase singularities.
