Mass occurrence of Salpafusiformis June 2007. In order to investigate its population was observed in the Southern Yellow Sea in May and recruitment and environmental adaptation, temporal variation of abundance, diel v...Mass occurrence of Salpafusiformis June 2007. In order to investigate its population was observed in the Southern Yellow Sea in May and recruitment and environmental adaptation, temporal variation of abundance, diel vertical migration （DVM） and length frequency distribution of both aggregate and solitary forms were studied with samples collected from eight months during September 2006 to August 2007. S. fusiformis presented in six months other than September and October 2006, and average abundance of aggregate and solitary forms peaked in June and May, respectively. In December, aggregate forms were absent in the bottom layer and performed irregular DVM from surface to 50 m depth, while solitary forms was too scarce to perform diel vertical distribution analysis. Both aggregate and solitary forms presented reverse DVM in May and June. They migrated upwards during daytime and concentrated in surface layer at sunset. The bimodal distribution of aggregate forms was found in April and the average size was largest in this month. In other months, the smaller aggregate forms （1-5 ram） dominated in populations except for May, when the modal size ranged from 2 to 8 mm. The average size of solitary forms was largest in December, followed by April. The skewed nomal distribution of solitary forms was found in May and June, with the modal size of 2-7 mm and 5-13 ram, respectively.展开更多
This paper examines older driver＇s automotive trip （abbreviation： trip） characteristics which include trip frequency, trip length, destination distribution, and non- home-based （NHB） trips. A two-month experimen...This paper examines older driver＇s automotive trip （abbreviation： trip） characteristics which include trip frequency, trip length, destination distribution, and non- home-based （NHB） trips. A two-month experiment of 108 participants was carried out to collect GPS tracking data in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. To identify the effect of living area, a comparative analysis between older drivers and others is conducted in densely inhabited district （DID, i.e., urban） and other areas （non-DID, i.e., suburban, rural, etc）, separately. The present study found that there was no sig- nificant difference between the trip characteristics of older drivers and others who were living in DID. Thus, we suggest that the education of safety driving and the rec- ommendation of public transportation should be given to DID-living older drivers. However, the results of non-DID reflected that older drivers＇ trip frequency, trip length, destination, and NHB trips rate were shorter and lower than others＇. This implies that electric vehicles may be suit- able for promotion among older drivers in suburban and rural area. Furthermore, the regression analysis confirmed that ＂older driver＂ was a significant independent variable on trip frequency, trip length, and NHB trips, and there were interaction effects between ＂older driver＂ and ＂living areas＂ on all trip characteristics.展开更多
Objective:To determine growth and reproduction biology of Philocheras trispinosus(P.trispinosus)with abundance of other caridean shrimps caught by beam trawl in the Southern Black Sea.Methods:Samplings were carried ou...Objective:To determine growth and reproduction biology of Philocheras trispinosus(P.trispinosus)with abundance of other caridean shrimps caught by beam trawl in the Southern Black Sea.Methods:Samplings were carried out monthly with a beam trawl of 2 m length and 15 mm cod-end mesh size between December 2012 and November 2013.All individuals were sampled between 1 and 40+m water depth from 146 hauls.Results:A total of 550 P.trispinosus,618 Palaemon adspersus,12 Palaemon serratus,11 Philocheras fasciatus and 10 Crangon crangon were sampled during the study period.The crangonid shrimps started appearing during the winter and spring and the number of individuals increased to reach their highest value in mid-winter and mid-spring.The seasonal von Bertalanffy growth parameters for P.trispinosus were estimated as L_(∞)=29.3 mm total length,K=0.860/year,t_(0)=–0.900 year,C=0.180,and t_(s)=0.010.The start of the slow growth period was at the beginning of July(WP=0.510).Ovigerous females appeared in the sampling area between January and April.Size at sexual maturity was estimated as 25.69 mm total length.Conclusions:The results supported the distribution and abundance of caridean shrimp species from the study area and the population dynamics of the most abundant shrimp species,P.trispinosus.The current study can be answered as baseline data prior to management strategies to ensure sustainable conservation of the shrimp species.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the stock of Alepes djedaba(A.djedaba)by describing the length composition,growth parameters,mortality rates of A.djedaba captured in Arabian Gulf off Saudi Arabia and adopting yield per recruit ...Objective:To evaluate the stock of Alepes djedaba(A.djedaba)by describing the length composition,growth parameters,mortality rates of A.djedaba captured in Arabian Gulf off Saudi Arabia and adopting yield per recruit and biomass per recruit models.Methods:A random sample of 490 fish representing a moderate range of total lengths(16.5-32.4cm)and weights(60-410 g)were sampled in Arabian Gulf off Dammam,Saudi Arabia during the period from August 2008 to July 2009.LFD5 software was used for estimation of growth parameters.Total mortality was calculated using the length converted catch curve.Natural mortality was estimated using Pauly and David's formula.Fishing mortality was computed by subtracting natural mortality from total mortality.Per recruit analysis was made using Beverton and Holt model.Results:Length-frequency analysis revealed four peaks and the length range from 22 cm to 27 cm dominated the catch,constituting about 71%of the catch.Values of the von Bertalanffy growth parameters were computed using LFD5 software as follows:the asymptotic length(L_(∞))=41.71 cm,curvature parameter(K)=0.36 year^(-1),and hypothetic age at zero length(t_(0))=-0.76 year.The total mortality(Z)was estimated as 2.07 year^(-1),and natural mortality was 0.8 year^(-1).Fishing mortality F=1.27 year^(-1),which was higher than F_(0.1)(0.3 year^(-1)),F_(SB(50))(0.59 year^(-1))and FS_(B(40))(0.86 year^(-1)).Atthe current levels of fishing and natural mortality,the biomass per recruit is 34%of the virgin biomass.Conclusions:These may indicate an overexploitation state of the fisheries of A.djedaba in Arabian Gulf.展开更多
An indium antimonide based QWFET（quantum well field effect transistor） with the gate length down to 50 nm has been designed and investigated for the first time for L-band radar applications at 230 GHz. QWFETs are de...An indium antimonide based QWFET（quantum well field effect transistor） with the gate length down to 50 nm has been designed and investigated for the first time for L-band radar applications at 230 GHz. QWFETs are designed at the high performance node of the International Technology Road Map for Semiconductors（ITRS）requirements of drive current（Semiconductor Industry Association 2010）. The performance of the device is investigated using the SYNOPSYS CAD（TCAD） software. In Sb based QWFET could be a promising device technology for very low power and ultra-high speed performance with 5–10 times low DC power dissipation.展开更多
基金Supports by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2011CB403604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40631008)
文摘Mass occurrence of Salpafusiformis June 2007. In order to investigate its population was observed in the Southern Yellow Sea in May and recruitment and environmental adaptation, temporal variation of abundance, diel vertical migration （DVM） and length frequency distribution of both aggregate and solitary forms were studied with samples collected from eight months during September 2006 to August 2007. S. fusiformis presented in six months other than September and October 2006, and average abundance of aggregate and solitary forms peaked in June and May, respectively. In December, aggregate forms were absent in the bottom layer and performed irregular DVM from surface to 50 m depth, while solitary forms was too scarce to perform diel vertical distribution analysis. Both aggregate and solitary forms presented reverse DVM in May and June. They migrated upwards during daytime and concentrated in surface layer at sunset. The bimodal distribution of aggregate forms was found in April and the average size was largest in this month. In other months, the smaller aggregate forms （1-5 ram） dominated in populations except for May, when the modal size ranged from 2 to 8 mm. The average size of solitary forms was largest in December, followed by April. The skewed nomal distribution of solitary forms was found in May and June, with the modal size of 2-7 mm and 5-13 ram, respectively.
基金partially supported by the Center of Innovation Program from Japan Science and Technology Agency, JST
文摘This paper examines older driver＇s automotive trip （abbreviation： trip） characteristics which include trip frequency, trip length, destination distribution, and non- home-based （NHB） trips. A two-month experiment of 108 participants was carried out to collect GPS tracking data in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. To identify the effect of living area, a comparative analysis between older drivers and others is conducted in densely inhabited district （DID, i.e., urban） and other areas （non-DID, i.e., suburban, rural, etc）, separately. The present study found that there was no sig- nificant difference between the trip characteristics of older drivers and others who were living in DID. Thus, we suggest that the education of safety driving and the rec- ommendation of public transportation should be given to DID-living older drivers. However, the results of non-DID reflected that older drivers＇ trip frequency, trip length, destination, and NHB trips rate were shorter and lower than others＇. This implies that electric vehicles may be suit- able for promotion among older drivers in suburban and rural area. Furthermore, the regression analysis confirmed that ＂older driver＂ was a significant independent variable on trip frequency, trip length, and NHB trips, and there were interaction effects between ＂older driver＂ and ＂living areas＂ on all trip characteristics.
基金Supported by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University with project number 2013.103.03.01.
文摘Objective:To determine growth and reproduction biology of Philocheras trispinosus(P.trispinosus)with abundance of other caridean shrimps caught by beam trawl in the Southern Black Sea.Methods:Samplings were carried out monthly with a beam trawl of 2 m length and 15 mm cod-end mesh size between December 2012 and November 2013.All individuals were sampled between 1 and 40+m water depth from 146 hauls.Results:A total of 550 P.trispinosus,618 Palaemon adspersus,12 Palaemon serratus,11 Philocheras fasciatus and 10 Crangon crangon were sampled during the study period.The crangonid shrimps started appearing during the winter and spring and the number of individuals increased to reach their highest value in mid-winter and mid-spring.The seasonal von Bertalanffy growth parameters for P.trispinosus were estimated as L_(∞)=29.3 mm total length,K=0.860/year,t_(0)=–0.900 year,C=0.180,and t_(s)=0.010.The start of the slow growth period was at the beginning of July(WP=0.510).Ovigerous females appeared in the sampling area between January and April.Size at sexual maturity was estimated as 25.69 mm total length.Conclusions:The results supported the distribution and abundance of caridean shrimp species from the study area and the population dynamics of the most abundant shrimp species,P.trispinosus.The current study can be answered as baseline data prior to management strategies to ensure sustainable conservation of the shrimp species.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the stock of Alepes djedaba(A.djedaba)by describing the length composition,growth parameters,mortality rates of A.djedaba captured in Arabian Gulf off Saudi Arabia and adopting yield per recruit and biomass per recruit models.Methods:A random sample of 490 fish representing a moderate range of total lengths(16.5-32.4cm)and weights(60-410 g)were sampled in Arabian Gulf off Dammam,Saudi Arabia during the period from August 2008 to July 2009.LFD5 software was used for estimation of growth parameters.Total mortality was calculated using the length converted catch curve.Natural mortality was estimated using Pauly and David's formula.Fishing mortality was computed by subtracting natural mortality from total mortality.Per recruit analysis was made using Beverton and Holt model.Results:Length-frequency analysis revealed four peaks and the length range from 22 cm to 27 cm dominated the catch,constituting about 71%of the catch.Values of the von Bertalanffy growth parameters were computed using LFD5 software as follows:the asymptotic length(L_(∞))=41.71 cm,curvature parameter(K)=0.36 year^(-1),and hypothetic age at zero length(t_(0))=-0.76 year.The total mortality(Z)was estimated as 2.07 year^(-1),and natural mortality was 0.8 year^(-1).Fishing mortality F=1.27 year^(-1),which was higher than F_(0.1)(0.3 year^(-1)),F_(SB(50))(0.59 year^(-1))and FS_(B(40))(0.86 year^(-1)).Atthe current levels of fishing and natural mortality,the biomass per recruit is 34%of the virgin biomass.Conclusions:These may indicate an overexploitation state of the fisheries of A.djedaba in Arabian Gulf.
文摘An indium antimonide based QWFET（quantum well field effect transistor） with the gate length down to 50 nm has been designed and investigated for the first time for L-band radar applications at 230 GHz. QWFETs are designed at the high performance node of the International Technology Road Map for Semiconductors（ITRS）requirements of drive current（Semiconductor Industry Association 2010）. The performance of the device is investigated using the SYNOPSYS CAD（TCAD） software. In Sb based QWFET could be a promising device technology for very low power and ultra-high speed performance with 5–10 times low DC power dissipation.
