Gate-grounded NMOS （GGNMOS） devices with different device dimensions and layout floorplans have been designed and fabricated in 0.13-μm silicide CMOS technology. The snapback characteristics of these GGN-MOS device...Gate-grounded NMOS （GGNMOS） devices with different device dimensions and layout floorplans have been designed and fabricated in 0.13-μm silicide CMOS technology. The snapback characteristics of these GGN-MOS devices are measured using the transmission line pulsing （TLP） measurement technique. The relationships between snapback parameters and layout parameters are shown and analyzed. A TCAD device simulator is used to explain these relationships. From these results, the circuit designer can predict the behavior of the GGNMOS devices under high ESD current stress, and design area-efficient ESD protection circuits to sustain the required ESD level. Optimized layout rules for ESD protection in 0.13-μm silicide CMOS technology are also presented.展开更多
The investigation on the aerodynamic characteristics of the high-attitude long-endurance (HALE) Diamond Joined-Wing configuration unmanned aerial vehicle ( UAV) was carried out by the theoretical analysis method and n...The investigation on the aerodynamic characteristics of the high-attitude long-endurance (HALE) Diamond Joined-Wing configuration unmanned aerial vehicle ( UAV) was carried out by the theoretical analysis method and numerical simulation. Research indicates that as the wing of the UAV is composed of the front wing and the after wing, the after wing has the ability to transmit the front wing's boundary layer to the after wing root which can inhibit the front wing's flow separation. Although the front wing was affected by the retardation of the after wing, the aerodynamic performance of the front wing was better than that of alone front wing in most cases. The after wing was also affected by the wake and downwash of the front wing, and its aerodynamic performance was greatly decreased. The characteristic curve of the pitching moment of the UAV had nonlinear characteristics. The flow field structure of the after wing changed by the front wing wake direct sweep and flow separation at the after wing root were the main reasons that non-linear ′rise′phenomenon occurred in two segments ( α = 0° and α = 8° ) of the characteristic curve of pitching moment. Moreover, coupling of the flow separation characteristic of the front wing and the after wing resulted in the pitching moment ′pitchup′ phenomenon. The lateral-directional static stability of the flat layout was weak. The HALE Diamond Joined-Wing configuration UAV ' s aerodynamic performance can be improved and the problems in engineering applications can be effectively alleviated by adjusting the overall layout parameters.展开更多
To evaluate the lighting environment quality and driving safety of low-position lighting in highway tunnels,this study simulated three lighting schemes(high-position,low-position,and low-position with auxiliary LED st...To evaluate the lighting environment quality and driving safety of low-position lighting in highway tunnels,this study simulated three lighting schemes(high-position,low-position,and low-position with auxiliary LED strips on maintaining road)using DIALux software for a two-lane unidirectional tunnel.Key parameters for low-position luminaires were optimized,and drivers'obstacle recognition reaction times,gaze distribution patterns and pupil diameter dynamics were tested by visual performance experiments.The results indicate that the optimal parameters for low-position lighting,when using flat light technology luminaires better adapted to low-position lighting,are as follows:lamp spacing of 6—7 m,mounting height of 1.1—1.3 m,staggered arrangement,and auxiliary lighting power of 1 W/m.Compared to high-position lighting,low-position lighting reduced the threshold increment by 47.1%,increased small target visibility by 569%,and shortened drivers'reaction times for near-roadway obstacles by 25%,significantly enhancing obstacle recognition.The pupil diameter variation rates across different lighting configurations all below 10%indicate that low-position lighting did not induce psychological states of tension or discomfort during driving.Although low-position lighting exhibited slightly lower longitudinal uniformity and longer reaction times for elevated targets,these limitations were effectively resolved by auxiliary LED strips.Overall,low-position lighting substantially improves driving safety and comfort in highway tunnels.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.60773081,60777018)the AM Foundation by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.087009741000)the SDC Project by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.08706201800,077062008,08706201000)
文摘Gate-grounded NMOS （GGNMOS） devices with different device dimensions and layout floorplans have been designed and fabricated in 0.13-μm silicide CMOS technology. The snapback characteristics of these GGN-MOS devices are measured using the transmission line pulsing （TLP） measurement technique. The relationships between snapback parameters and layout parameters are shown and analyzed. A TCAD device simulator is used to explain these relationships. From these results, the circuit designer can predict the behavior of the GGNMOS devices under high ESD current stress, and design area-efficient ESD protection circuits to sustain the required ESD level. Optimized layout rules for ESD protection in 0.13-μm silicide CMOS technology are also presented.
基金Sponsored by the Civil Aircraft Project(Grant No.MIE-2015-F-009)the Shaanxi Province Science and Technology Project(Grant No.2015KTCQ01-78)
文摘The investigation on the aerodynamic characteristics of the high-attitude long-endurance (HALE) Diamond Joined-Wing configuration unmanned aerial vehicle ( UAV) was carried out by the theoretical analysis method and numerical simulation. Research indicates that as the wing of the UAV is composed of the front wing and the after wing, the after wing has the ability to transmit the front wing's boundary layer to the after wing root which can inhibit the front wing's flow separation. Although the front wing was affected by the retardation of the after wing, the aerodynamic performance of the front wing was better than that of alone front wing in most cases. The after wing was also affected by the wake and downwash of the front wing, and its aerodynamic performance was greatly decreased. The characteristic curve of the pitching moment of the UAV had nonlinear characteristics. The flow field structure of the after wing changed by the front wing wake direct sweep and flow separation at the after wing root were the main reasons that non-linear ′rise′phenomenon occurred in two segments ( α = 0° and α = 8° ) of the characteristic curve of pitching moment. Moreover, coupling of the flow separation characteristic of the front wing and the after wing resulted in the pitching moment ′pitchup′ phenomenon. The lateral-directional static stability of the flat layout was weak. The HALE Diamond Joined-Wing configuration UAV ' s aerodynamic performance can be improved and the problems in engineering applications can be effectively alleviated by adjusting the overall layout parameters.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China:smoke transport characteristics and control methods of the bifurcated tunnel fire under the effect of obstacle obstruction and personnel evacuation research(52478385)National Natural Science Foundation of China:study on pollutants migration characteristics and the energyefficiency optimization control of ventilation system in spiral highway tunnel(52278392)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China:study on pollutants migration characteristics and the energy-efficiency optimization control of ventilation system in spiral highway tunnel(52278392)Key R&D Program Project of Shaanxi Province:research on multi-source heterogeneous sensory data fusion-based early warning and posture prediction and control of fire in highway tunnels(2024SF-YBXM-654)Shaanxi Provincial Innovation Capacity Support Program:highway tunnel intelligent operation and safety,energy conservation and environmental protection innovation team(2023-CX-TD-35)。
文摘To evaluate the lighting environment quality and driving safety of low-position lighting in highway tunnels,this study simulated three lighting schemes(high-position,low-position,and low-position with auxiliary LED strips on maintaining road)using DIALux software for a two-lane unidirectional tunnel.Key parameters for low-position luminaires were optimized,and drivers'obstacle recognition reaction times,gaze distribution patterns and pupil diameter dynamics were tested by visual performance experiments.The results indicate that the optimal parameters for low-position lighting,when using flat light technology luminaires better adapted to low-position lighting,are as follows:lamp spacing of 6—7 m,mounting height of 1.1—1.3 m,staggered arrangement,and auxiliary lighting power of 1 W/m.Compared to high-position lighting,low-position lighting reduced the threshold increment by 47.1%,increased small target visibility by 569%,and shortened drivers'reaction times for near-roadway obstacles by 25%,significantly enhancing obstacle recognition.The pupil diameter variation rates across different lighting configurations all below 10%indicate that low-position lighting did not induce psychological states of tension or discomfort during driving.Although low-position lighting exhibited slightly lower longitudinal uniformity and longer reaction times for elevated targets,these limitations were effectively resolved by auxiliary LED strips.Overall,low-position lighting substantially improves driving safety and comfort in highway tunnels.
