[ Objective ] The paper was to evaluate the fermentation quality of mixed silage of Lablab purpureus and sweet sorghum, and to find out the appropriate mixing ratio. [ Method] L. purpureus were mixed with sweet sorghu...[ Objective ] The paper was to evaluate the fermentation quality of mixed silage of Lablab purpureus and sweet sorghum, and to find out the appropriate mixing ratio. [ Method] L. purpureus were mixed with sweet sorghum at different proportions, to identify the sensory character and quality of silage. [ Result] The nutrient content of mixed silage of L. purpureus and sweet sorghum at different proportions decreased significantly at 30 - 60 d, while no significant changes were observed after 60 d. Mixed silage of L. purpureu.s and sweet sorghum had the best effort at the proportion of 3：7 ; followed by the proportion of 5： 5. These two proportions significantly improved dry matter （DM） content and effectively alleviated the crude protein （CP） loss of raw materials; significantly improved the contents of crude fiber and crude ash; and significantly reduce ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen （AT/TN）. [ Conclusion ] From the perspective of silage quality, the appropriate mixing ratio ofL. purpureus and sweet sorghum is 3：7 or 5：5.展开更多
Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet is a multipurpose legume that combines use as human food and animal feed in addition to serving as a cover crop for soil conservation. In this work, molecular diversity in Lablab purpureus ...Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet is a multipurpose legume that combines use as human food and animal feed in addition to serving as a cover crop for soil conservation. In this work, molecular diversity in Lablab purpureus was assessed using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers on fifty Kenyan lablab accessions obtained from farmers’ fields and the Kenya National gene bank. One hundred and eighty polymorphic bands were revealed using fifteen selective primer pairs. The overall mean expected heterozygosity (He) for the five populations was 0.189. Estimates of components of molecular variance revealed that most of the genetic variation resided within populations (99%) and only 1% variance was among the populations, while Principal Coordinate Analysis showed an overlap between accessions from different geographic origins. The UPGMA cluster analysis generated from the distance matrix of the 50 assayed accessions, revealed low diversity among most of the accessions. The low diversity observed may be due to the narrow genetic base for breeding stocks, and extensive exchange of germplasm among smallholder farmers across the country. Results obtained from this study are discussed in light of the need to enhance the genetic management and improvement of this multipurpose crop species.展开更多
This study was conducted to assess the fermentation and nutritive value of sorghum silage mixed with lablab at different proportions. The treatments consisted of a combination of two sorghum genotypes viz. “Brown mid...This study was conducted to assess the fermentation and nutritive value of sorghum silage mixed with lablab at different proportions. The treatments consisted of a combination of two sorghum genotypes viz. “Brown midrib” and “Brachytic dwarf” genotype of lablab and six population proportions viz. 150:0, 112.5:37.5, 75:75, 37.5:112.5, 0:150 and 150:150 × 10<sup>3</sup> plants·ha<sup>-1</sup> sorghum genotypes and lablab, respectively totalling to 12 numbers. Sorghum genotypes and lablab were grown as monocrop and in intercropping systems in the same field. Forage sorghum was harvested at the late-dough stage and lablab at 20% bloom. They were cut and chopped together and ensiled. Lablab in the silage mixture was its actual contribution to the total forage mixture. For each mixture, a 1-L glass jar (mini-silo) was filled with 500 g of fresh material and replicated four times. Forage in mini silos was fermented for 60 days at room temperature (25°C). Pre and post-silage dry samples were analysed for nutritive value and ensiled samples were analysed for fermentation characteristics. There was no significant difference in nutritive value between sorghum genotypes. The greatest impact of mixing lablab with sorghum genotypes was on crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), but not on neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Across treatments, CP, ADF pH, lactic, and acetic acid concentrations increased as the proportion of LB was increased. The results indicated that lablab as an intercrop with sorghum for greater DM yield and forage and silage quality than respective monocrops.展开更多
Objective To screen forα-glucosidase inhibitor active compounds in the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album)based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS technology and to evaluate its hypoglycemic activity in viv...Objective To screen forα-glucosidase inhibitor active compounds in the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album)based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS technology and to evaluate its hypoglycemic activity in vivo.Methods Acarbose was used as the positive control,and the median inhibitory concentration(IC50)was used as the evaluation index ofα-glucosidase inhibitory activity to establish an in vitroα-glucosidase inhibition model.Further,UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS technology was used to screen and identify the active compounds ofα-glucosidase inhibitors in the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album)in order to further verify the activity of the main active monomer and to perform homologous modeling and molecular docking of yeast-derivedα-glucosidase and human-derivedα-glucosidase,while the hypoglycemic activity was evaluated in diabetic mice.Results This study successfully identified 15 compounds with potentialα-glucosidase inhibitory activity,including Chikusetsusaponin IVa,from the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album).Simultaneously,we verified the activity of the main active monomer Chikusetsusaponin IVa,and showed that it has strongα-glucosidase inhibitory activity.Theα-glucosidase inhibitory concentration IC50 was(565.2±1.026)μg/m L,and the IC50 of acarbose,which was lower than the positive control,was(706.6±1.058)μg/m L.The docking energies of Chikusetsusaponin IVa were–6.1 and–7.7 kcal/mol with yeast-derivedα-glucosidase and human-derivedα-glucosidase molecules,respectively.Both showed strong binding activity,and the levels of alanine aminotransaminase(ALT),aspartate aminotransaminase(AST),UREA,Creatinine(CREA),and cholesterol(CHO)were significantly decreased by Chikusetsusaponin IVa(P<0.05).In addition,it could repair damaged liver and pancreas cells of diabetic mice to some extent.Conclusion This study provides a basis for screeningα-glucosidase inhibitors and structural modifications of the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album).展开更多
Aphid establishes colony in the selective plant parts like vine, leaf petiole, leaflet, inflorescence, and tender fruit in Dolichos lablab Linn but not the entire plant. In this study, the aphid colony establishment i...Aphid establishes colony in the selective plant parts like vine, leaf petiole, leaflet, inflorescence, and tender fruit in Dolichos lablab Linn but not the entire plant. In this study, the aphid colony establishment in vine is focused to understand the differential resistance response between two varieties. At the early stage of aphid infestation, the aphid colony establishment was significantly different between two genotypes (p value = 0.00) and abbreviated as “resistant” variety that supported lower aphid proliferation (mean value = 48.2 ± 2.2) and “susceptible” variety that supported comparatively higher aphid proliferation (mean value = 215.5 ± 16.9). The total aphid number was significantly different between the two varieties, realized at the early infestation stage when both “antixenosis” and “antibiosis” defense mechanisms were working on. Some plant specific factors like vine diameter, wet/ dry weight ratio of vine, phloem sap pressure, the compactness of the vine, wet/dry weight ratio of leaflet, length of leaf petiole, diameter of leaflet vein were identified as modulating factors. The impact of resistant variety on aphid was also investigated for better understanding of aphid defense mechanism.展开更多
[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-...[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-directionally. After splicing by Codon Code Aligner,the data were processed with the aid MEGA software to construct the cluster dendrogram( neighbor-joining,NJ tree). [Results]The ITS2 sequence of Lablab Semen Album had length of 218 bp; the constructed cluster dendrogram indicated that all species were monophyletic and could be distinguished from other species. [Conclusions] The ITS2 barcode can be used for rapid identification of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants and this experiment further verified that DNA barcode technology is effective in identification of traditional Chinese medicines.展开更多
Diabetes is characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia and disruptions in carbohydrate,lipid,and protein metabolism,stemming from inadequate insulin production,impaired insulin receptor functioning,or a combination of b...Diabetes is characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia and disruptions in carbohydrate,lipid,and protein metabolism,stemming from inadequate insulin production,impaired insulin receptor functioning,or a combination of both.Conventional diabetes medications like biguanides and sulphonylureas,are widely used and raise concerns about potential side effects with prolonged usage.In this context,legumes emerge as promising candidates due to their significance in traditional diets globally and associated health benefits.Despite being challenging to digest due to anti-nutritive factors,germination,a simple bioprocessing technique,significantly enhances nutritional aspect of the seeds.This study focuses on Lablab purpureus,an underutilized legume,employing a metabolomic approach to explore compounds in germinated and non-germinated seeds.Metabolomic profiling identified 125 compounds in non-germinated and 80 compounds in germinated seeds,revealing unique compounds in each type with potential health benefits.The study identified therapeutically important metabolites such as alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,and saponin in both the germinated and non-germinated seeds.A notable change in the phytochemical composition(total phenol,flavonoid,and total ascorbic acid content)of germinated seeds was observed compared to the non-germinated seeds flour.An increased fold change(1.15,1.5 and 1.65)was observed in the total phenol,flavonoid,and total ascorbic acid content in germinated seeds compared to non-germinated seeds,alongside higher antioxidant levels in terms of DPPH,ABTS,and FRAP.The IC50 value for α-amylase inhibitory activity was noted to be 2.05±0.05 mg/ml in germinated samples while 0.79±0.00 mg/ml was observed in the non-germinated Lablab purpureus seeds.Therefore,displaying greaterα-amylase inhibitory activity in the non-germinated seeds,possibly due to their unique biochemical composition.Nevertheless,even germinated seeds demonstrated appreciableα-amylase inhibitory activity.Therefore,these findings suggest that germination process significantly influences seed biochemistry and helps to raise the phytochemical composition,while the unique composition of the metabolites in the nongerminated seeds could have impact on theα-amylase inhibitory activity.Thus,study suggests Lablab purpureus as a promising functional food source with diverse health-promoting attributes,particularly in diabetes management.展开更多
目的:采用改良液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LCMS/MS)法,对白扁豆花中的30种禁用农药残留进行检测。方法:以乙腈作为提取溶剂,对白扁豆花样品进行提取、净化和浓缩处理后,运用改良LC-MS/MS法检测...目的:采用改良液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LCMS/MS)法,对白扁豆花中的30种禁用农药残留进行检测。方法:以乙腈作为提取溶剂,对白扁豆花样品进行提取、净化和浓缩处理后,运用改良LC-MS/MS法检测样品中残留的30种禁用农药。结果:在0.0005~1.0000 mg/kg浓度范围内,30种禁用农药的检测结果显示出良好的线性关系,线性相关系数(r^(2))均高于0.9980,加标回收率为64.46%~117.64%,精密度为1.50%~13.45%。对20批白扁豆花样品进行检测,未发现其含有30种禁用农药的残留。结论:该方法操作简便、快速,具有高灵敏度和良好的重复性,可用于白扁豆花中30种禁用农药的残留检测。展开更多
二斑叶螨是扁豆主要害虫之一,发生较重时可降低扁豆产量和品质。本研究评价了30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆二斑叶螨的田间药效及其对扁豆的安全性。田间使用有效成分量67.5、90、112.5 g/hm2,药后1 d三地的田间防效66.5%~85.9%、药后3 d 82....二斑叶螨是扁豆主要害虫之一,发生较重时可降低扁豆产量和品质。本研究评价了30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆二斑叶螨的田间药效及其对扁豆的安全性。田间使用有效成分量67.5、90、112.5 g/hm2,药后1 d三地的田间防效66.5%~85.9%、药后3 d 82.1%~92.3%、药后7 d 86.9%~95.2%、药后14 d 80.9%~96.1%,能有效防控扁豆二斑叶螨,具有较好的速效性和良好的持效性。作物安全性试验表明30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆安全。建议登记30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂防治扁豆二斑叶螨,推荐使用有效成分量67.5~112.5 g/hm^(2)(制剂量15~25 mL/667m^(2)),于二斑叶螨发生初期施药1次。展开更多
基金Supported by Major Project of Science and Technology Plan in Hunan Province(2017NK1020)
文摘[ Objective ] The paper was to evaluate the fermentation quality of mixed silage of Lablab purpureus and sweet sorghum, and to find out the appropriate mixing ratio. [ Method] L. purpureus were mixed with sweet sorghum at different proportions, to identify the sensory character and quality of silage. [ Result] The nutrient content of mixed silage of L. purpureus and sweet sorghum at different proportions decreased significantly at 30 - 60 d, while no significant changes were observed after 60 d. Mixed silage of L. purpureu.s and sweet sorghum had the best effort at the proportion of 3：7 ; followed by the proportion of 5： 5. These two proportions significantly improved dry matter （DM） content and effectively alleviated the crude protein （CP） loss of raw materials; significantly improved the contents of crude fiber and crude ash; and significantly reduce ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen （AT/TN）. [ Conclusion ] From the perspective of silage quality, the appropriate mixing ratio ofL. purpureus and sweet sorghum is 3：7 or 5：5.
文摘Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet is a multipurpose legume that combines use as human food and animal feed in addition to serving as a cover crop for soil conservation. In this work, molecular diversity in Lablab purpureus was assessed using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers on fifty Kenyan lablab accessions obtained from farmers’ fields and the Kenya National gene bank. One hundred and eighty polymorphic bands were revealed using fifteen selective primer pairs. The overall mean expected heterozygosity (He) for the five populations was 0.189. Estimates of components of molecular variance revealed that most of the genetic variation resided within populations (99%) and only 1% variance was among the populations, while Principal Coordinate Analysis showed an overlap between accessions from different geographic origins. The UPGMA cluster analysis generated from the distance matrix of the 50 assayed accessions, revealed low diversity among most of the accessions. The low diversity observed may be due to the narrow genetic base for breeding stocks, and extensive exchange of germplasm among smallholder farmers across the country. Results obtained from this study are discussed in light of the need to enhance the genetic management and improvement of this multipurpose crop species.
文摘This study was conducted to assess the fermentation and nutritive value of sorghum silage mixed with lablab at different proportions. The treatments consisted of a combination of two sorghum genotypes viz. “Brown midrib” and “Brachytic dwarf” genotype of lablab and six population proportions viz. 150:0, 112.5:37.5, 75:75, 37.5:112.5, 0:150 and 150:150 × 10<sup>3</sup> plants·ha<sup>-1</sup> sorghum genotypes and lablab, respectively totalling to 12 numbers. Sorghum genotypes and lablab were grown as monocrop and in intercropping systems in the same field. Forage sorghum was harvested at the late-dough stage and lablab at 20% bloom. They were cut and chopped together and ensiled. Lablab in the silage mixture was its actual contribution to the total forage mixture. For each mixture, a 1-L glass jar (mini-silo) was filled with 500 g of fresh material and replicated four times. Forage in mini silos was fermented for 60 days at room temperature (25°C). Pre and post-silage dry samples were analysed for nutritive value and ensiled samples were analysed for fermentation characteristics. There was no significant difference in nutritive value between sorghum genotypes. The greatest impact of mixing lablab with sorghum genotypes was on crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), but not on neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Across treatments, CP, ADF pH, lactic, and acetic acid concentrations increased as the proportion of LB was increased. The results indicated that lablab as an intercrop with sorghum for greater DM yield and forage and silage quality than respective monocrops.
基金funding support from the Program of the Educational Commission of Hunan Province of China(No.20B418)。
文摘Objective To screen forα-glucosidase inhibitor active compounds in the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album)based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS technology and to evaluate its hypoglycemic activity in vivo.Methods Acarbose was used as the positive control,and the median inhibitory concentration(IC50)was used as the evaluation index ofα-glucosidase inhibitory activity to establish an in vitroα-glucosidase inhibition model.Further,UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS technology was used to screen and identify the active compounds ofα-glucosidase inhibitors in the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album)in order to further verify the activity of the main active monomer and to perform homologous modeling and molecular docking of yeast-derivedα-glucosidase and human-derivedα-glucosidase,while the hypoglycemic activity was evaluated in diabetic mice.Results This study successfully identified 15 compounds with potentialα-glucosidase inhibitory activity,including Chikusetsusaponin IVa,from the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album).Simultaneously,we verified the activity of the main active monomer Chikusetsusaponin IVa,and showed that it has strongα-glucosidase inhibitory activity.Theα-glucosidase inhibitory concentration IC50 was(565.2±1.026)μg/m L,and the IC50 of acarbose,which was lower than the positive control,was(706.6±1.058)μg/m L.The docking energies of Chikusetsusaponin IVa were–6.1 and–7.7 kcal/mol with yeast-derivedα-glucosidase and human-derivedα-glucosidase molecules,respectively.Both showed strong binding activity,and the levels of alanine aminotransaminase(ALT),aspartate aminotransaminase(AST),UREA,Creatinine(CREA),and cholesterol(CHO)were significantly decreased by Chikusetsusaponin IVa(P<0.05).In addition,it could repair damaged liver and pancreas cells of diabetic mice to some extent.Conclusion This study provides a basis for screeningα-glucosidase inhibitors and structural modifications of the total saponins of Baibiandou(Lablab Semen Album).
文摘Aphid establishes colony in the selective plant parts like vine, leaf petiole, leaflet, inflorescence, and tender fruit in Dolichos lablab Linn but not the entire plant. In this study, the aphid colony establishment in vine is focused to understand the differential resistance response between two varieties. At the early stage of aphid infestation, the aphid colony establishment was significantly different between two genotypes (p value = 0.00) and abbreviated as “resistant” variety that supported lower aphid proliferation (mean value = 48.2 ± 2.2) and “susceptible” variety that supported comparatively higher aphid proliferation (mean value = 215.5 ± 16.9). The total aphid number was significantly different between the two varieties, realized at the early infestation stage when both “antixenosis” and “antibiosis” defense mechanisms were working on. Some plant specific factors like vine diameter, wet/ dry weight ratio of vine, phloem sap pressure, the compactness of the vine, wet/dry weight ratio of leaflet, length of leaf petiole, diameter of leaflet vein were identified as modulating factors. The impact of resistant variety on aphid was also investigated for better understanding of aphid defense mechanism.
基金Supported by Key Program for Sci-tech Plan of Hunan Province Science and Technology Department(2014SK2001)Sci-tech Project for Food and Drug Safety of Hunan Food and Drug Administration(Xiang Shi Yao Ke R201612)
文摘[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-directionally. After splicing by Codon Code Aligner,the data were processed with the aid MEGA software to construct the cluster dendrogram( neighbor-joining,NJ tree). [Results]The ITS2 sequence of Lablab Semen Album had length of 218 bp; the constructed cluster dendrogram indicated that all species were monophyletic and could be distinguished from other species. [Conclusions] The ITS2 barcode can be used for rapid identification of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants and this experiment further verified that DNA barcode technology is effective in identification of traditional Chinese medicines.
基金supported by the NUV/Seed Grant/2022-23/01 project to Dr.Krutika Abhyankar from Navrachana University,Vadodara,India.Komal Solanki is indebted to the SHODH Government of Gujarat for providing PhD Fellowship Ref No:202101544.
文摘Diabetes is characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia and disruptions in carbohydrate,lipid,and protein metabolism,stemming from inadequate insulin production,impaired insulin receptor functioning,or a combination of both.Conventional diabetes medications like biguanides and sulphonylureas,are widely used and raise concerns about potential side effects with prolonged usage.In this context,legumes emerge as promising candidates due to their significance in traditional diets globally and associated health benefits.Despite being challenging to digest due to anti-nutritive factors,germination,a simple bioprocessing technique,significantly enhances nutritional aspect of the seeds.This study focuses on Lablab purpureus,an underutilized legume,employing a metabolomic approach to explore compounds in germinated and non-germinated seeds.Metabolomic profiling identified 125 compounds in non-germinated and 80 compounds in germinated seeds,revealing unique compounds in each type with potential health benefits.The study identified therapeutically important metabolites such as alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,and saponin in both the germinated and non-germinated seeds.A notable change in the phytochemical composition(total phenol,flavonoid,and total ascorbic acid content)of germinated seeds was observed compared to the non-germinated seeds flour.An increased fold change(1.15,1.5 and 1.65)was observed in the total phenol,flavonoid,and total ascorbic acid content in germinated seeds compared to non-germinated seeds,alongside higher antioxidant levels in terms of DPPH,ABTS,and FRAP.The IC50 value for α-amylase inhibitory activity was noted to be 2.05±0.05 mg/ml in germinated samples while 0.79±0.00 mg/ml was observed in the non-germinated Lablab purpureus seeds.Therefore,displaying greaterα-amylase inhibitory activity in the non-germinated seeds,possibly due to their unique biochemical composition.Nevertheless,even germinated seeds demonstrated appreciableα-amylase inhibitory activity.Therefore,these findings suggest that germination process significantly influences seed biochemistry and helps to raise the phytochemical composition,while the unique composition of the metabolites in the nongerminated seeds could have impact on theα-amylase inhibitory activity.Thus,study suggests Lablab purpureus as a promising functional food source with diverse health-promoting attributes,particularly in diabetes management.
文摘目的:采用改良液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LCMS/MS)法,对白扁豆花中的30种禁用农药残留进行检测。方法:以乙腈作为提取溶剂,对白扁豆花样品进行提取、净化和浓缩处理后,运用改良LC-MS/MS法检测样品中残留的30种禁用农药。结果:在0.0005~1.0000 mg/kg浓度范围内,30种禁用农药的检测结果显示出良好的线性关系,线性相关系数(r^(2))均高于0.9980,加标回收率为64.46%~117.64%,精密度为1.50%~13.45%。对20批白扁豆花样品进行检测,未发现其含有30种禁用农药的残留。结论:该方法操作简便、快速,具有高灵敏度和良好的重复性,可用于白扁豆花中30种禁用农药的残留检测。
文摘二斑叶螨是扁豆主要害虫之一,发生较重时可降低扁豆产量和品质。本研究评价了30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆二斑叶螨的田间药效及其对扁豆的安全性。田间使用有效成分量67.5、90、112.5 g/hm2,药后1 d三地的田间防效66.5%~85.9%、药后3 d 82.1%~92.3%、药后7 d 86.9%~95.2%、药后14 d 80.9%~96.1%,能有效防控扁豆二斑叶螨,具有较好的速效性和良好的持效性。作物安全性试验表明30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂对扁豆安全。建议登记30%腈吡螨酯悬浮剂防治扁豆二斑叶螨,推荐使用有效成分量67.5~112.5 g/hm^(2)(制剂量15~25 mL/667m^(2)),于二斑叶螨发生初期施药1次。
