BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints...BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.展开更多
Microsoft Word是一个强大的文字处理软件,MATLAB是适用于科学和工程数值的数学软件系统,是集数值计算、微分方程数值解、数值逼近、最优化、数值可视化、开放式多功能于一体的计算机语言。本文介绍了 Microsoft Word与MATLAB Notebook...Microsoft Word是一个强大的文字处理软件,MATLAB是适用于科学和工程数值的数学软件系统,是集数值计算、微分方程数值解、数值逼近、最优化、数值可视化、开放式多功能于一体的计算机语言。本文介绍了 Microsoft Word与MATLAB Notebook的动态链接过程以及M-book模板的创建和启动、Notebook的功能和使用。通过Words和Notebook的交互,可以在Word中实现数据可视化编辑,并很方便地在科技报告、论文和专著的写作中实现图文并茂。展开更多
The Literary Lab at Stanford University is one of the birthplaces of digital humanities and has maintained significant influence in this field over the years.Professor Hui Haifeng has been engaged in research on digit...The Literary Lab at Stanford University is one of the birthplaces of digital humanities and has maintained significant influence in this field over the years.Professor Hui Haifeng has been engaged in research on digital humanities and computational criticism in recent years.During his visiting scholarship at Stanford University,he participated in the activities of the Literary Lab.Taking this opportunity,he interviewed Professor Mark Algee-Hewitt,the director of the Literary Lab,discussing important topics such as the current state and reception of DH(digital humanities)in the English Department,the operations of the Literary Lab,and the landscape of computational criticism.Mark Algee-Hewitt's research focuses on the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in England and Germany and seeks to combine literary criticism with digital and quantitative analyses of literary texts.In particular,he is interested in the history of aesthetic theory and the development and transmission of aesthetic and philosophical concepts during the Enlightenment and Romantic periods.He is also interested in the relationship between aesthetic theory and the poetry of the long eighteenth century.Although his primary background is English literature,he also has a degree in computer science.He believes that the influence of digital humanities within the humanities disciplines is growing increasingly significant.This impact is evident in both the attraction and assistance it offers to students,as well as in the new interpretations it brings to traditional literary studies.He argues that the key to effectively integrating digital humanities into the English Department is to focus on literary research questions,exploring how digital tools can raise new questions or provide new insights into traditional research.展开更多
化工科研实验室因学科特性,科研人员在开展研发工作时面临一定安全风险。如何保障实验室科研环境安全、消除潜在安全隐患,是值得深入探讨的问题。Lab Take Two是一种行为安全管理模式,即利用较短时间思考即将开展工作的计划、安全风险...化工科研实验室因学科特性,科研人员在开展研发工作时面临一定安全风险。如何保障实验室科研环境安全、消除潜在安全隐患,是值得深入探讨的问题。Lab Take Two是一种行为安全管理模式,即利用较短时间思考即将开展工作的计划、安全风险及潜在问题,并针对发现的安全风险和潜在问题采取相应控制手段,以消除实验室潜在安全隐患,属于实验室行为安全理论。通过实施Lab Take Two行为安全管理,可引导员工主动发现实验室潜在安全隐患,有效降低实验室风险,减少科研实验室未遂事件和事故,为化工科研工作提供有力保障。展开更多
Mastitis is an inflammatory infection of the mammary glands that is frequently observed in animals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this infection, identify the pathogens responsible and highl...Mastitis is an inflammatory infection of the mammary glands that is frequently observed in animals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this infection, identify the pathogens responsible and highlight the risk factors in the region of Labé (Republic of Guinea). The survey involved 96 farmers in three prefectures (Koubia, Labé, Lélouma) and covered 3,199 animals, including 611 lactating females. The clinical survey revealed 49 suspected cases of mastitis, mainly in goats. The analysis showed a prevalence of clinical mastitis of 2.95% and a mortality rate of 18.35%. The identified risk factors were the hygiene of the premises, the age of the females, husbandry practices and the lack of regular veterinary care.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.
文摘Microsoft Word是一个强大的文字处理软件,MATLAB是适用于科学和工程数值的数学软件系统,是集数值计算、微分方程数值解、数值逼近、最优化、数值可视化、开放式多功能于一体的计算机语言。本文介绍了 Microsoft Word与MATLAB Notebook的动态链接过程以及M-book模板的创建和启动、Notebook的功能和使用。通过Words和Notebook的交互,可以在Word中实现数据可视化编辑,并很方便地在科技报告、论文和专著的写作中实现图文并茂。
文摘The Literary Lab at Stanford University is one of the birthplaces of digital humanities and has maintained significant influence in this field over the years.Professor Hui Haifeng has been engaged in research on digital humanities and computational criticism in recent years.During his visiting scholarship at Stanford University,he participated in the activities of the Literary Lab.Taking this opportunity,he interviewed Professor Mark Algee-Hewitt,the director of the Literary Lab,discussing important topics such as the current state and reception of DH(digital humanities)in the English Department,the operations of the Literary Lab,and the landscape of computational criticism.Mark Algee-Hewitt's research focuses on the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in England and Germany and seeks to combine literary criticism with digital and quantitative analyses of literary texts.In particular,he is interested in the history of aesthetic theory and the development and transmission of aesthetic and philosophical concepts during the Enlightenment and Romantic periods.He is also interested in the relationship between aesthetic theory and the poetry of the long eighteenth century.Although his primary background is English literature,he also has a degree in computer science.He believes that the influence of digital humanities within the humanities disciplines is growing increasingly significant.This impact is evident in both the attraction and assistance it offers to students,as well as in the new interpretations it brings to traditional literary studies.He argues that the key to effectively integrating digital humanities into the English Department is to focus on literary research questions,exploring how digital tools can raise new questions or provide new insights into traditional research.
文摘化工科研实验室因学科特性,科研人员在开展研发工作时面临一定安全风险。如何保障实验室科研环境安全、消除潜在安全隐患,是值得深入探讨的问题。Lab Take Two是一种行为安全管理模式,即利用较短时间思考即将开展工作的计划、安全风险及潜在问题,并针对发现的安全风险和潜在问题采取相应控制手段,以消除实验室潜在安全隐患,属于实验室行为安全理论。通过实施Lab Take Two行为安全管理,可引导员工主动发现实验室潜在安全隐患,有效降低实验室风险,减少科研实验室未遂事件和事故,为化工科研工作提供有力保障。
文摘Mastitis is an inflammatory infection of the mammary glands that is frequently observed in animals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this infection, identify the pathogens responsible and highlight the risk factors in the region of Labé (Republic of Guinea). The survey involved 96 farmers in three prefectures (Koubia, Labé, Lélouma) and covered 3,199 animals, including 611 lactating females. The clinical survey revealed 49 suspected cases of mastitis, mainly in goats. The analysis showed a prevalence of clinical mastitis of 2.95% and a mortality rate of 18.35%. The identified risk factors were the hygiene of the premises, the age of the females, husbandry practices and the lack of regular veterinary care.
