The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)into various sectors has undoubtedly brought about numerous benefits,from increased efficiency to innovative problem‐solving.The growing influence of AI across several in...The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)into various sectors has undoubtedly brought about numerous benefits,from increased efficiency to innovative problem‐solving.The growing influence of AI across several industries may help to achieve the sustainable development goals(SDGs).However,due to the AI revolution happening in industries across the globe,older employees are often confronted with significant hurdles in keeping pace with these changes.The threat of job displacement looms large as automation driven by AI encroaches upon routine tasks previously performed by human workers.Job insecurity,that is,worry of losing one's job encompasses anxiety,and uneasiness,and affects the mental health of employees.To address these challenges and empower older employees in the era of open AI,it is imperative that organizations implement targeted strategies tailored to their unique needs and circumstances.Employees use the opportunities for continued education provided to them with company support to prevent unwanted effects.organizations can create an inclusive and supportive environment where older employees are empowered to embrace the opportunities presented by AI while leveraging their experience and expertise to drive innovation and success.展开更多
The surrogate model serves as an efficient simulation tool during the slope parameter inversion process.However,the creep constitutive model integrated with dynamic damage evolution poses challenges in development of ...The surrogate model serves as an efficient simulation tool during the slope parameter inversion process.However,the creep constitutive model integrated with dynamic damage evolution poses challenges in development of the required surrogate model.In this study,a novel physics knowledge-based surrogate model framework is proposed.In this framework,a Transformer module is employed to capture straindriven softening-hardening physical mechanisms.Positional encoding and self-attention are utilized to transform the constitutive parameters associated with shear strain,which are not directly time-related,into intermediate latent features for physical loss calculation.Next,a multi-layer stacked GRU(gated recurrent unit)network is built to provide input interfaces for time-dependent intermediate latent features,hydraulic boundary conditions,and water-rock interaction degradation equations,with static parameters introduced via external fully-connected layers.Finally,a combined loss function is constructed to facilitate the collaborative training of physical and data loss,introducing time-dependent weight adjustments to focus the surrogate model on accurate deformation predictions during critical phases.Based on the deformation of a reservoir bank landslide triggered by impoundment and subsequent restabilization,an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model that considers water effect and sliding state dependencies is developed to validate the proposed surrogate model framework.The results indicate that the framework exhibits good performance in capturing physical mechanisms and predicting creep behavior,reducing errors by about 30 times compared to baseline models such as GRU and LSTM(long short-term memory),meeting the precision requirements for parameter inversion.Ablation experiments also confirmed the effectiveness of the framework.This framework can also serve as a reference for constructing other creep surrogate models that involve non-time-related across dimensions.展开更多
How do individuals adjust their savings and consumption behaviors in response to the combined effects of increased life expectancy and declining pension replacement rates?This study constructs a life-cycle model,using...How do individuals adjust their savings and consumption behaviors in response to the combined effects of increased life expectancy and declining pension replacement rates?This study constructs a life-cycle model,using changes in conditional survival probabilities as a proxy for shifts in individual life expectancy,to examine consumption behavior under the dual backdrop of prolonged longevity and a gradual decline in pension replacement rates.The results suggest that changes in life expectancy and pension replacement rates together explain 8.9%to 10.2%of the observed decline in consumption in recent years,with both variables playing equally significant explanatory roles.Furthermore,we find that,to fully offset the negative impact of increased life expectancy on consumption,the pension replacement rate must reach at least 82%.These findings offer theoretical and policy implications for improving the quality of life in later years among enterprise employees in the context of population aging.展开更多
The study examined work engagement and coping strategies in the relationship between abusive supervision and helping behaviors among hospitality employees.Participants were 386 frontline hospitality employees(50.8%fem...The study examined work engagement and coping strategies in the relationship between abusive supervision and helping behaviors among hospitality employees.Participants were 386 frontline hospitality employees(50.8%females;38.9%with 1–5 years of experience;78.3%in the 18–40 age range).They self-reported coping strategies,abusive supervision,work engagement,and helping behaviors.Structural equation model results showed that abusive supervision to be associated with lower employee helping behaviors.Work engagement was higher with employees’helping behaviors.Engaged employees would unleash helping behaviors.Work engagement mediated the relationship between abusive supervision and helping behaviors,lowering the abusive supervision risk.Finally,avoidance of contact exacerbated the moderated abusive supervision–work engagement relationship for lower work engagement,while support-seeking and reframing exerted no moderation role.Findings suggest that avoiding an immediate supervisor exacerbates abusive supervision.Hence,applying behavior-based interviews when hiring supervisors would be of strategic advantage to employees’productivity.展开更多
A machine-learning approach was developed for automated building of knowledgebases for soil resources mapping by using a classification tree to generate knowledge from trainingdata. With this method, building a knowle...A machine-learning approach was developed for automated building of knowledgebases for soil resources mapping by using a classification tree to generate knowledge from trainingdata. With this method, building a knowledge base for automated soil mapping was easier than usingthe conventional knowledge acquisition approach. The knowledge base built by classification tree wasused by the knowledge classifier to perform the soil type classification of Longyou County,Zhejiang Province, China using Landsat TM bi-temporal images and CIS data. To evaluate theperformance of the resultant knowledge bases, the classification results were compared to existingsoil map based on a field survey. The accuracy assessment and analysis of the resultant soil mapssuggested that the knowledge bases built by the machine-learning method was of good quality formapping distribution model of soil classes over the study area.展开更多
Automatic bridge detection is an important application of SAR images.Differed from the classical CFAR method,a new knowledge-based bridge detection approach is proposed.The method not only uses the backscattering inte...Automatic bridge detection is an important application of SAR images.Differed from the classical CFAR method,a new knowledge-based bridge detection approach is proposed.The method not only uses the backscattering intensity difference between targets and background but also applies the contextual information and spatial relationship between objects.According to bridges'special characteristics and scattering properties in SAR images,the new knowledge-based method includes three processes:river segmentation,potential bridge areas detection and bridge discrimination.The application to AIRSAR data shows that the new method is not sensitive to rivers'shape.Moreover,this method can detect bridges successfully when river segmentation is not very exact and is more robust than the radius projection method.展开更多
Coping strategies adopted to deal with psychological health issues could have influences on the general health, productivity and task performance of the employee. This study sought to investigate the coping strategies...Coping strategies adopted to deal with psychological health issues could have influences on the general health, productivity and task performance of the employee. This study sought to investigate the coping strategies adopted by construction employees to deal with the causes and effects of occupational psychological disorders such as burnout and workaholism. To achieve this aim, the methods of focus group discussions were first employed. A total of 16 semi-structured focus group discussions were held in Ghana, with 90 construction employees. The focus group study revealed 25 coping strategies adopted as efforts to mitigate the causes and 22 coping strategies adopted as responses to moderate the effects of occupational psychological disorders. A quantitative study involving 150 construction professionals and 150 construction trade workers were also conducted in Ghana to investigate the coping strategies that were highly adopted by the two construction working groups. The findings from the study revealed that the construction professionals adopted delegating complicated tasks and seeking medical attention as the most common coping strategies to manage the causes and effects respectively. The construction trade workers were also revealed to adopt withdrawing from work duties or changing jobs and taking in more caffeinated drinks as the most common coping strategies to manage the causes and effects respectively. Exploratory factor analysis was employed, and the findings were put into the main constructs. The causes focused coping strategies were categorized under avoidance, alteration, adaptation, and acceptance. The effects focused coping strategies were also categorized under healthy and unhealthy coping strategies. This study recommends appropriate coping strategies and interventions in the construction industry such as education of construction personnel on the consequences of various coping strategies.展开更多
Due to the insufficiency of utilizing knowledge to guide the complex optimal searching, existing genetic algorithms fail to effectively solve excavator boom structural optimization problem. To improve the optimization...Due to the insufficiency of utilizing knowledge to guide the complex optimal searching, existing genetic algorithms fail to effectively solve excavator boom structural optimization problem. To improve the optimization efficiency and quality, a new knowledge-based real-coded genetic algorithm is proposed. A dual evolution mechanism combining knowledge evolution with genetic algorithm is established to extract, handle and utilize the shallow and deep implicit constraint knowledge to guide the optimal searching of genetic algorithm circularly. Based on this dual evolution mechanism, knowledge evolution and population evolution can be connected by knowledge influence operators to improve the conflgurability of knowledge and genetic operators. Then, the new knowledge-based selection operator, crossover operator and mutation operator are proposed to integrate the optimal process knowledge and domain culture to guide the excavator boom structural optimization. Eight kinds of testing algorithms, which include different genetic operators, arc taken as examples to solve the structural optimization of a medium-sized excavator boom. By comparing the results of optimization, it is shown that the algorithm including all the new knowledge-based genetic operators can more remarkably improve the evolutionary rate and searching ability than other testing algorithms, which demonstrates the effectiveness of knowledge for guiding optimal searching. The proposed knowledge-based genetic algorithm by combining multi-level knowledge evolution with numerical optimization provides a new effective method for solving the complex engineering optimization problem.展开更多
Knowledge-Based Engineering （KBE） is introduced into the ship structural design in this paper. From the implementation of KBE, the design solutions for both Rules Design Method （RDM） and Interpolation Design Meth...Knowledge-Based Engineering （KBE） is introduced into the ship structural design in this paper. From the implementation of KBE, the design solutions for both Rules Design Method （RDM） and Interpolation Design Method （IDM） are generated. The corresponding Finite Element （FE） models are generated. Topological design of the longitudinal structures is studied where the Gaussian Process （GP） is employed to build the surrogate model for FE analysis. Multi-objective optimization methods inspired by Pareto Front are used to reduce the design tank weight and outer surface area simultaneously. Additionally, an enhanced Level Set Method （LSM） which employs implicit algorithm is applied to the topological design of typical bracket plate which is used extensively in ship structures. Two different sets of boundary conditions are considered. The proposed methods show satisfactory efficiency and accuracy.展开更多
Personal factors could act as intervening variables between the causes and effects of psychological health conditions of employees. This study focused on six personal intervening factors that were associated with the ...Personal factors could act as intervening variables between the causes and effects of psychological health conditions of employees. This study focused on six personal intervening factors that were associated with the risks of occupational psychological disorders namely: low self-esteem, negative personality trait, unproductive core beliefs, poor self-concept evaluation on performance, poor relationship with others and poor time management skills. An investigation on the level of severity of these personal intervening factors was conducted involving 150 construction professionals and 150 construction trade workers, who were purposively selected in Ghana. The personal factors that were found to be prevalent among the construction employees were low self-esteem and poor time management skills. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to determine the relationships between the personal intervening factors and demographic factors such as the age, educational levels and marital status of the research participants. The results of the study indicated that the age and marital status of the respondents had no significant relationship with any of the personal intervening factors. Personal factors such as personality trait and relationship with others also had no relation with any of the demographic factors analyzed. The educational level of the respondents, however, had a significant relationship with the factors of self-esteem, productive core beliefs, self-evaluation on performance and time management skills. An independent two-sample T-test was used to compare the means of the factors with significant relations. This study revealed that construction employees who were highly educated had better self-esteem and time management skills than those who were less educated. The findings from this study broaden the view of moderators on influential sources of psychological health conditions of employees.展开更多
A novel knowledge-based fuzzy neural network （KBFNN） for fault diagnosis is presented. Crude rules were extracted and the corresponding dependent factors and antecedent coverage factors were calculated firstly from ...A novel knowledge-based fuzzy neural network （KBFNN） for fault diagnosis is presented. Crude rules were extracted and the corresponding dependent factors and antecedent coverage factors were calculated firstly from the diagnostic sample based on rough sets theory. Then the number of rules was used to construct partially the structure of a fuzzy neural network and those factors were implemented as initial weights, with fuzzy output parameters being optimized by genetic algorithm. Such fuzzy neural network was called KBFNN. This KBFNN was utilized to identify typical faults of rotating machinery. Diagnostic results show that it has those merits of shorter training time and higher right diagnostic level compared to general fuzzy neural networks.展开更多
Biological raw data are growing exponentially, providing a large amount of information on what life is. It is believed that potential functions and the rules governing protein behaviors can be revealed from analysis o...Biological raw data are growing exponentially, providing a large amount of information on what life is. It is believed that potential functions and the rules governing protein behaviors can be revealed from analysis on known native structures of proteins. Many knowledge-based potentials for proteins have been proposed. Contrary to most existing review articles which mainly describe technical details and applications of various potential models, the main foci for the discussion here are ideas and concepts involving the construction of potentials, including the relation between free energy and energy, the additivity of potentials of mean force and some key issues in potential construction. Sequence analysis is briefly viewed from an energetic viewpoint.展开更多
This paper describes the development of a knowledgebased system (KBS) for determining whether or not, and under what conditions, a bank Ioan officer should grant a business loan to a company. The prototype system deve...This paper describes the development of a knowledgebased system (KBS) for determining whether or not, and under what conditions, a bank Ioan officer should grant a business loan to a company. The prototype system developed focuses on what is bank loans risks management, how to prevent risk by the analysis of the ability of paying back loans. The paper makes the structural analysis involved in the system's decision situation, the structured situation diagram or model, dependency diagram and the document needed by the KBS prototype system thus are developed. Through testing the samples from loan business, the quality for the analysis of the ability of paying back loans can be effectively evaluated by the KBS prototype system.展开更多
At present,the academic researches on moral choices focus mainly on the individuals’external behaviors,without fully considering the influences of the individuals’internal psychological factors.Based on the model of...At present,the academic researches on moral choices focus mainly on the individuals’external behaviors,without fully considering the influences of the individuals’internal psychological factors.Based on the model of complete information static games in the Non-cooperative Game theory,the present research has designed a“Red and Blue Experiment”to explore the psychological influencing factors of the new generation employees’moral choices.The research has conducted psychoanalysis on the new generation employees through experiments and interviews with 118 data sources,and concluded the characteristics in relation to the different stages of psychological processes and moral choices of the experimental population.Through comparative analysis,it is found that:the psychological factors,such as trust,doubt,and guilt will influence the new generation employees’moral choices,guiding them to make choices,such as risk aversion and mutual benefit and win-win,in the process.Additionally,the research has also provided effective scientific evidence for the new generation employees’mental health development and career planning.展开更多
This paper examined the effects of job burnout on job satisfaction among selected health service employees in Southwestern Nigeria. The issue of job burnout has been researched, with limited attention to the health se...This paper examined the effects of job burnout on job satisfaction among selected health service employees in Southwestern Nigeria. The issue of job burnout has been researched, with limited attention to the health service employees in Southwestern Nigeria. The state of health of the people is vital to the survival of any economy as well as the development of any Nation. Data were obtained from the administration of questionnaires to 400 employees who were Doctors, Nurses, Pharmacists & Administrators with permanent employees’ status. Multiple regression was used to analyze the data. Major causes of burnout discovered include emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation while personal achievement increases employee job satisfaction. Results of the study showed that insufficient motivation, low organisational support and high job demand could lead to job burnout. The study revealed an inverse relationship between job burnout and employee satisfaction which makes them to perform below expectations. The study concluded that since job burnout inhibits performance and manifests significantly in their service delivery, employers should put policies in place to mitigate it.展开更多
BACKGROUND Public employees worldwide are increasingly concerned about work anxiety and depression.Cognitive-behavioral career coaching has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing these mental health disorders,...BACKGROUND Public employees worldwide are increasingly concerned about work anxiety and depression.Cognitive-behavioral career coaching has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing these mental health disorders,which can negatively impact on a person's overall well-being and performance.AIM To examine whether cognitive-behavioral career coaching reduces work anxiety and depression among Nigerian public employees.METHODS A total of 120 public employees(n=60)suffering from severe anxiety and depression were randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups in this study.Cognitive behavioral coaching was provided twice a week to those in the treatment group,whereas no treatment was given to those in the control group.As part of the study,the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scales and Beck Depression Inventory were used to collect data.RESULTS Analysis of covariance of the data from participants indicates a significant effect of cognitive-behavioral career coaching on work anxiety and depression.CONCLUSION Insights into the underlying mechanisms by which cognitive behavior career coaching exerts its effects have been gained from this study.Also,the study has gathered valuable data that can inform future practice and guide the development of strategies for supporting mental health at work.展开更多
The limitations of traditional approaches to selection problems are examined. A problemsolving strategy is presented in which decision-support and knowledge-based techniques play complementary roles. An approach to th...The limitations of traditional approaches to selection problems are examined. A problemsolving strategy is presented in which decision-support and knowledge-based techniques play complementary roles. An approach to the representation of knowledge to support the problem-solving strategy is presented which avoids commitment to a specific programming language or implementation environment. The problem of choosing a home is used to illustrate the representation of knowledge in a specific problem domain. Techniques for implementation of the problem-solving strategy are described. Knowledge elicitation techniques and their implementation in a development shell for application of the problem-solving strategy to any selection problem are also described.展开更多
There are a plethora of empirical pieces about employees’pro-environmental behaviors.However,the extant literature has either ignored or not fully examined various factors(e.g.,negative or positive non-green workplac...There are a plethora of empirical pieces about employees’pro-environmental behaviors.However,the extant literature has either ignored or not fully examined various factors(e.g.,negative or positive non-green workplace factors)that might affect employees’pro-environmental behaviors.Realizing these voids,the present paper proposes and tests a serial mediation model that examines the interrelationships of job insecurity,emotional exhaustion,met expectations,and proactive pro-environmental behavior.We used data gathered from hotel customer-contact employees with a time lag of one week and their direct supervisors in China.After presenting support for the psychometric properties of the measures via confirmatory analysis in LISREL 8.30,the abovementioned linkages were gauged using the PROCESS plug-in for statistical package for social sciences.The findings delineated support for the hypothesized associations.Specifically,emotional exhaustion and met expectations partly mediated the effect of job insecurity on proactive pro-environmental behavior.More importantly,emotional exhaustion and met expectations serially mediated the influence of job insecurity on proactive pro-environmental behavior.These findings have important theoretical implications as well as significant implications for diminishing job insecurity,managing emotional exhaustion,increasing met expectations,and enhancing ecofriendly behaviors.展开更多
文摘The integration of artificial intelligence(AI)into various sectors has undoubtedly brought about numerous benefits,from increased efficiency to innovative problem‐solving.The growing influence of AI across several industries may help to achieve the sustainable development goals(SDGs).However,due to the AI revolution happening in industries across the globe,older employees are often confronted with significant hurdles in keeping pace with these changes.The threat of job displacement looms large as automation driven by AI encroaches upon routine tasks previously performed by human workers.Job insecurity,that is,worry of losing one's job encompasses anxiety,and uneasiness,and affects the mental health of employees.To address these challenges and empower older employees in the era of open AI,it is imperative that organizations implement targeted strategies tailored to their unique needs and circumstances.Employees use the opportunities for continued education provided to them with company support to prevent unwanted effects.organizations can create an inclusive and supportive environment where older employees are empowered to embrace the opportunities presented by AI while leveraging their experience and expertise to drive innovation and success.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41961134032).
文摘The surrogate model serves as an efficient simulation tool during the slope parameter inversion process.However,the creep constitutive model integrated with dynamic damage evolution poses challenges in development of the required surrogate model.In this study,a novel physics knowledge-based surrogate model framework is proposed.In this framework,a Transformer module is employed to capture straindriven softening-hardening physical mechanisms.Positional encoding and self-attention are utilized to transform the constitutive parameters associated with shear strain,which are not directly time-related,into intermediate latent features for physical loss calculation.Next,a multi-layer stacked GRU(gated recurrent unit)network is built to provide input interfaces for time-dependent intermediate latent features,hydraulic boundary conditions,and water-rock interaction degradation equations,with static parameters introduced via external fully-connected layers.Finally,a combined loss function is constructed to facilitate the collaborative training of physical and data loss,introducing time-dependent weight adjustments to focus the surrogate model on accurate deformation predictions during critical phases.Based on the deformation of a reservoir bank landslide triggered by impoundment and subsequent restabilization,an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model that considers water effect and sliding state dependencies is developed to validate the proposed surrogate model framework.The results indicate that the framework exhibits good performance in capturing physical mechanisms and predicting creep behavior,reducing errors by about 30 times compared to baseline models such as GRU and LSTM(long short-term memory),meeting the precision requirements for parameter inversion.Ablation experiments also confirmed the effectiveness of the framework.This framework can also serve as a reference for constructing other creep surrogate models that involve non-time-related across dimensions.
文摘How do individuals adjust their savings and consumption behaviors in response to the combined effects of increased life expectancy and declining pension replacement rates?This study constructs a life-cycle model,using changes in conditional survival probabilities as a proxy for shifts in individual life expectancy,to examine consumption behavior under the dual backdrop of prolonged longevity and a gradual decline in pension replacement rates.The results suggest that changes in life expectancy and pension replacement rates together explain 8.9%to 10.2%of the observed decline in consumption in recent years,with both variables playing equally significant explanatory roles.Furthermore,we find that,to fully offset the negative impact of increased life expectancy on consumption,the pension replacement rate must reach at least 82%.These findings offer theoretical and policy implications for improving the quality of life in later years among enterprise employees in the context of population aging.
文摘The study examined work engagement and coping strategies in the relationship between abusive supervision and helping behaviors among hospitality employees.Participants were 386 frontline hospitality employees(50.8%females;38.9%with 1–5 years of experience;78.3%in the 18–40 age range).They self-reported coping strategies,abusive supervision,work engagement,and helping behaviors.Structural equation model results showed that abusive supervision to be associated with lower employee helping behaviors.Work engagement was higher with employees’helping behaviors.Engaged employees would unleash helping behaviors.Work engagement mediated the relationship between abusive supervision and helping behaviors,lowering the abusive supervision risk.Finally,avoidance of contact exacerbated the moderated abusive supervision–work engagement relationship for lower work engagement,while support-seeking and reframing exerted no moderation role.Findings suggest that avoiding an immediate supervisor exacerbates abusive supervision.Hence,applying behavior-based interviews when hiring supervisors would be of strategic advantage to employees’productivity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.40101014 and 40001008).
文摘A machine-learning approach was developed for automated building of knowledgebases for soil resources mapping by using a classification tree to generate knowledge from trainingdata. With this method, building a knowledge base for automated soil mapping was easier than usingthe conventional knowledge acquisition approach. The knowledge base built by classification tree wasused by the knowledge classifier to perform the soil type classification of Longyou County,Zhejiang Province, China using Landsat TM bi-temporal images and CIS data. To evaluate theperformance of the resultant knowledge bases, the classification results were compared to existingsoil map based on a field survey. The accuracy assessment and analysis of the resultant soil mapssuggested that the knowledge bases built by the machine-learning method was of good quality formapping distribution model of soil classes over the study area.
基金supported by the National Key Laboratory of ATR(9140C8002010706).
文摘Automatic bridge detection is an important application of SAR images.Differed from the classical CFAR method,a new knowledge-based bridge detection approach is proposed.The method not only uses the backscattering intensity difference between targets and background but also applies the contextual information and spatial relationship between objects.According to bridges'special characteristics and scattering properties in SAR images,the new knowledge-based method includes three processes:river segmentation,potential bridge areas detection and bridge discrimination.The application to AIRSAR data shows that the new method is not sensitive to rivers'shape.Moreover,this method can detect bridges successfully when river segmentation is not very exact and is more robust than the radius projection method.
文摘Coping strategies adopted to deal with psychological health issues could have influences on the general health, productivity and task performance of the employee. This study sought to investigate the coping strategies adopted by construction employees to deal with the causes and effects of occupational psychological disorders such as burnout and workaholism. To achieve this aim, the methods of focus group discussions were first employed. A total of 16 semi-structured focus group discussions were held in Ghana, with 90 construction employees. The focus group study revealed 25 coping strategies adopted as efforts to mitigate the causes and 22 coping strategies adopted as responses to moderate the effects of occupational psychological disorders. A quantitative study involving 150 construction professionals and 150 construction trade workers were also conducted in Ghana to investigate the coping strategies that were highly adopted by the two construction working groups. The findings from the study revealed that the construction professionals adopted delegating complicated tasks and seeking medical attention as the most common coping strategies to manage the causes and effects respectively. The construction trade workers were also revealed to adopt withdrawing from work duties or changing jobs and taking in more caffeinated drinks as the most common coping strategies to manage the causes and effects respectively. Exploratory factor analysis was employed, and the findings were put into the main constructs. The causes focused coping strategies were categorized under avoidance, alteration, adaptation, and acceptance. The effects focused coping strategies were also categorized under healthy and unhealthy coping strategies. This study recommends appropriate coping strategies and interventions in the construction industry such as education of construction personnel on the consequences of various coping strategies.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51175086)
文摘Due to the insufficiency of utilizing knowledge to guide the complex optimal searching, existing genetic algorithms fail to effectively solve excavator boom structural optimization problem. To improve the optimization efficiency and quality, a new knowledge-based real-coded genetic algorithm is proposed. A dual evolution mechanism combining knowledge evolution with genetic algorithm is established to extract, handle and utilize the shallow and deep implicit constraint knowledge to guide the optimal searching of genetic algorithm circularly. Based on this dual evolution mechanism, knowledge evolution and population evolution can be connected by knowledge influence operators to improve the conflgurability of knowledge and genetic operators. Then, the new knowledge-based selection operator, crossover operator and mutation operator are proposed to integrate the optimal process knowledge and domain culture to guide the excavator boom structural optimization. Eight kinds of testing algorithms, which include different genetic operators, arc taken as examples to solve the structural optimization of a medium-sized excavator boom. By comparing the results of optimization, it is shown that the algorithm including all the new knowledge-based genetic operators can more remarkably improve the evolutionary rate and searching ability than other testing algorithms, which demonstrates the effectiveness of knowledge for guiding optimal searching. The proposed knowledge-based genetic algorithm by combining multi-level knowledge evolution with numerical optimization provides a new effective method for solving the complex engineering optimization problem.
基金financially supported by the Project of Ministry of Education and Finance of China(Grant Nos.200512 and 201335)the Project of the State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Grant No.GKZD010053-10)
文摘Knowledge-Based Engineering （KBE） is introduced into the ship structural design in this paper. From the implementation of KBE, the design solutions for both Rules Design Method （RDM） and Interpolation Design Method （IDM） are generated. The corresponding Finite Element （FE） models are generated. Topological design of the longitudinal structures is studied where the Gaussian Process （GP） is employed to build the surrogate model for FE analysis. Multi-objective optimization methods inspired by Pareto Front are used to reduce the design tank weight and outer surface area simultaneously. Additionally, an enhanced Level Set Method （LSM） which employs implicit algorithm is applied to the topological design of typical bracket plate which is used extensively in ship structures. Two different sets of boundary conditions are considered. The proposed methods show satisfactory efficiency and accuracy.
文摘Personal factors could act as intervening variables between the causes and effects of psychological health conditions of employees. This study focused on six personal intervening factors that were associated with the risks of occupational psychological disorders namely: low self-esteem, negative personality trait, unproductive core beliefs, poor self-concept evaluation on performance, poor relationship with others and poor time management skills. An investigation on the level of severity of these personal intervening factors was conducted involving 150 construction professionals and 150 construction trade workers, who were purposively selected in Ghana. The personal factors that were found to be prevalent among the construction employees were low self-esteem and poor time management skills. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to determine the relationships between the personal intervening factors and demographic factors such as the age, educational levels and marital status of the research participants. The results of the study indicated that the age and marital status of the respondents had no significant relationship with any of the personal intervening factors. Personal factors such as personality trait and relationship with others also had no relation with any of the demographic factors analyzed. The educational level of the respondents, however, had a significant relationship with the factors of self-esteem, productive core beliefs, self-evaluation on performance and time management skills. An independent two-sample T-test was used to compare the means of the factors with significant relations. This study revealed that construction employees who were highly educated had better self-esteem and time management skills than those who were less educated. The findings from this study broaden the view of moderators on influential sources of psychological health conditions of employees.
基金Project supported by the National Major Science and Technology Foundation of China during the 10th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2001BA204B05-KHK Z0009)
文摘A novel knowledge-based fuzzy neural network （KBFNN） for fault diagnosis is presented. Crude rules were extracted and the corresponding dependent factors and antecedent coverage factors were calculated firstly from the diagnostic sample based on rough sets theory. Then the number of rules was used to construct partially the structure of a fuzzy neural network and those factors were implemented as initial weights, with fuzzy output parameters being optimized by genetic algorithm. Such fuzzy neural network was called KBFNN. This KBFNN was utilized to identify typical faults of rotating machinery. Diagnostic results show that it has those merits of shorter training time and higher right diagnostic level compared to general fuzzy neural networks.
基金Project supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11175224 and 11121403)
文摘Biological raw data are growing exponentially, providing a large amount of information on what life is. It is believed that potential functions and the rules governing protein behaviors can be revealed from analysis on known native structures of proteins. Many knowledge-based potentials for proteins have been proposed. Contrary to most existing review articles which mainly describe technical details and applications of various potential models, the main foci for the discussion here are ideas and concepts involving the construction of potentials, including the relation between free energy and energy, the additivity of potentials of mean force and some key issues in potential construction. Sequence analysis is briefly viewed from an energetic viewpoint.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.7977086)
文摘This paper describes the development of a knowledgebased system (KBS) for determining whether or not, and under what conditions, a bank Ioan officer should grant a business loan to a company. The prototype system developed focuses on what is bank loans risks management, how to prevent risk by the analysis of the ability of paying back loans. The paper makes the structural analysis involved in the system's decision situation, the structured situation diagram or model, dependency diagram and the document needed by the KBS prototype system thus are developed. Through testing the samples from loan business, the quality for the analysis of the ability of paying back loans can be effectively evaluated by the KBS prototype system.
基金funded by the special fund for Humanities and Social Sciences of Southwest Petroleum University(Project No.2019RW020),Project Name:Research on the Psychology and Behaviour of Chinese New Generation Employees under the Background of“One Belt and One Road”.
文摘At present,the academic researches on moral choices focus mainly on the individuals’external behaviors,without fully considering the influences of the individuals’internal psychological factors.Based on the model of complete information static games in the Non-cooperative Game theory,the present research has designed a“Red and Blue Experiment”to explore the psychological influencing factors of the new generation employees’moral choices.The research has conducted psychoanalysis on the new generation employees through experiments and interviews with 118 data sources,and concluded the characteristics in relation to the different stages of psychological processes and moral choices of the experimental population.Through comparative analysis,it is found that:the psychological factors,such as trust,doubt,and guilt will influence the new generation employees’moral choices,guiding them to make choices,such as risk aversion and mutual benefit and win-win,in the process.Additionally,the research has also provided effective scientific evidence for the new generation employees’mental health development and career planning.
文摘This paper examined the effects of job burnout on job satisfaction among selected health service employees in Southwestern Nigeria. The issue of job burnout has been researched, with limited attention to the health service employees in Southwestern Nigeria. The state of health of the people is vital to the survival of any economy as well as the development of any Nation. Data were obtained from the administration of questionnaires to 400 employees who were Doctors, Nurses, Pharmacists & Administrators with permanent employees’ status. Multiple regression was used to analyze the data. Major causes of burnout discovered include emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation while personal achievement increases employee job satisfaction. Results of the study showed that insufficient motivation, low organisational support and high job demand could lead to job burnout. The study revealed an inverse relationship between job burnout and employee satisfaction which makes them to perform below expectations. The study concluded that since job burnout inhibits performance and manifests significantly in their service delivery, employers should put policies in place to mitigate it.
文摘BACKGROUND Public employees worldwide are increasingly concerned about work anxiety and depression.Cognitive-behavioral career coaching has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing these mental health disorders,which can negatively impact on a person's overall well-being and performance.AIM To examine whether cognitive-behavioral career coaching reduces work anxiety and depression among Nigerian public employees.METHODS A total of 120 public employees(n=60)suffering from severe anxiety and depression were randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups in this study.Cognitive behavioral coaching was provided twice a week to those in the treatment group,whereas no treatment was given to those in the control group.As part of the study,the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scales and Beck Depression Inventory were used to collect data.RESULTS Analysis of covariance of the data from participants indicates a significant effect of cognitive-behavioral career coaching on work anxiety and depression.CONCLUSION Insights into the underlying mechanisms by which cognitive behavior career coaching exerts its effects have been gained from this study.Also,the study has gathered valuable data that can inform future practice and guide the development of strategies for supporting mental health at work.
文摘The limitations of traditional approaches to selection problems are examined. A problemsolving strategy is presented in which decision-support and knowledge-based techniques play complementary roles. An approach to the representation of knowledge to support the problem-solving strategy is presented which avoids commitment to a specific programming language or implementation environment. The problem of choosing a home is used to illustrate the representation of knowledge in a specific problem domain. Techniques for implementation of the problem-solving strategy are described. Knowledge elicitation techniques and their implementation in a development shell for application of the problem-solving strategy to any selection problem are also described.
文摘There are a plethora of empirical pieces about employees’pro-environmental behaviors.However,the extant literature has either ignored or not fully examined various factors(e.g.,negative or positive non-green workplace factors)that might affect employees’pro-environmental behaviors.Realizing these voids,the present paper proposes and tests a serial mediation model that examines the interrelationships of job insecurity,emotional exhaustion,met expectations,and proactive pro-environmental behavior.We used data gathered from hotel customer-contact employees with a time lag of one week and their direct supervisors in China.After presenting support for the psychometric properties of the measures via confirmatory analysis in LISREL 8.30,the abovementioned linkages were gauged using the PROCESS plug-in for statistical package for social sciences.The findings delineated support for the hypothesized associations.Specifically,emotional exhaustion and met expectations partly mediated the effect of job insecurity on proactive pro-environmental behavior.More importantly,emotional exhaustion and met expectations serially mediated the influence of job insecurity on proactive pro-environmental behavior.These findings have important theoretical implications as well as significant implications for diminishing job insecurity,managing emotional exhaustion,increasing met expectations,and enhancing ecofriendly behaviors.
