Objective:To translate and adapt the dementia knowledge assessment scale(DKAS)into Sinhala version and to evaluate its psychometric properties among nursing students.Methods:A cross-sectional validation study was cond...Objective:To translate and adapt the dementia knowledge assessment scale(DKAS)into Sinhala version and to evaluate its psychometric properties among nursing students.Methods:A cross-sectional validation study was conducted in two phases:(i)translation and adaptation and(ii)evaluating psychometric properties(N=394 nursing students).Results:The DKAS was adapted to the Sinhala(Si-DKAS)version,and the content validity index(CVI=0.9)was satisfactory.Exploratory factor analysis(EFA)and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)resulted in an 18-item Si-DKAS with a four-factor model:“care considerations,”“causes and characteristics of dementia,”“health promotion,”and“misconceptions about dementia.”The model fit indices were suboptimal(comparative fix index[CFI]=0.809 and Turker-Lewis index[TLI]=0.773),and some indices were acceptable(standardized root-mean-squared residual[SRMR]=0.040 and root-mean-squared error of approximation[RMSEA]=0.053).Internal consistency(0.7)and test-retest correlation(0.9)were acceptable.Discriminant validity was confirmed by knowledge score differences based on academic years.Conclusions:This is a valid and reliable tool for assessing knowledge of dementia among Sinhala-speaking nursing students.展开更多
The peer-review process,which serves as the quality-control mechanism of scientific knowledge production,has been criticized for its bias,unreliability,and inefficiency.Academic conferences and journals typically rely...The peer-review process,which serves as the quality-control mechanism of scientific knowledge production,has been criticized for its bias,unreliability,and inefficiency.Academic conferences and journals typically rely on a centralized mechanism for reviewer assignment and paper assessment.We argue that this centralization is a major factor contributing to the unreliability of the review process,leading to deficiencies in the current knowledge-assessment systems.To address this,we propose a novel decentralized model that democratizes peer review by shifting decision-making rights from centralized authorities to all scholars participating in a scholarly community.Our model includes a dual-rewarding incentive mechanism that motivates scholars to actively participate in peer review by recognizing both their effort and scientific contributions.This model transforms peer review from passive judgment to active collaboration.We simulated the model in conference settings and demonstrated its potential to revolutionize knowledge production and dissemination.展开更多
The growing demand for health management puts forward high requirements for the quality of health knowledge.A content-based method is proposed to address the current demand for high-quality health knowledge,which eval...The growing demand for health management puts forward high requirements for the quality of health knowledge.A content-based method is proposed to address the current demand for high-quality health knowledge,which evaluates the quality including the certainty,accuracy,and operability of different types of knowledge from the perspectives of authority,precision,and information entropy.Herein,the health knowledge of myocardial infarction is used as an example,and knowledge is first classified into different types and then evaluated.This method is applied to knowledge in the existing health management system and it can support knowledge screening and comparison under the cold start condition.Compared with the current evaluation methods based on knowledge use behavior and utility,the new evaluation method provides a reference for evaluation when the knowledge is first used.The screening of high quality knowledge can help the subsequent application of knowledge and improve user’s compliance.Concurrently,the arrangement of myocardial infarction knowledge can also provide a knowledge reference for patients’daily health management.展开更多
In the context of big data, many large-scale knowledge graphs have emerged to effectively organize the explosive growth of web data on the Internet. To select suitable knowledge graphs for use from many knowledge grap...In the context of big data, many large-scale knowledge graphs have emerged to effectively organize the explosive growth of web data on the Internet. To select suitable knowledge graphs for use from many knowledge graphs, quality assessment is particularly important. As an important thing of quality assessment, completeness assessment generally refers to the ratio of the current data volume to the total data volume.When evaluating the completeness of a knowledge graph, it is often necessary to refine the completeness dimension by setting different completeness metrics to produce more complete and understandable evaluation results for the knowledge graph.However, lack of awareness of requirements is the most problematic quality issue. In the actual evaluation process, the existing completeness metrics need to consider the actual application. Therefore, to accurately recommend suitable knowledge graphs to many users, it is particularly important to develop relevant measurement metrics and formulate measurement schemes for completeness. In this paper, we will first clarify the concept of completeness, establish each metric of completeness, and finally design a measurement proposal for the completeness of knowledge graphs.展开更多
Malaria and schistosomiasis are highly prevalent in Burkina Faso,whereas China has successfully eliminated malaria as well as schistosomiasis as a public health problem.To implement the China-Africa health cooperation...Malaria and schistosomiasis are highly prevalent in Burkina Faso,whereas China has successfully eliminated malaria as well as schistosomiasis as a public health problem.To implement the China-Africa health cooperation initiative,a series of activities were launched since 2019 to enhance understanding and cooperation among malaria and schistosomiasis professionals in China and Burkina Faso.This study described the achievements of the First Virtual Symposium of China-Burkina Faso Cooperation on Schistosomiasis and Malaria Control.Pre-and post-test questionnaires were employed to study the knowledge changes of participants regarding malaria and schistosomiasis control and elimination,explore capacity-building priorities,and identify potential challenges.Chi-squared statistics were used to compare the differences between sub-groups,and p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Participants ranked their preferences for challenges and capacity-building priorities in future cooperation.The responses of participants from both China and Burkina Faso indicated effective improvement in their general knowledge about the diseases whereas the improvement in professional knowledge on malaria and schistosomiasis was limited.The total correct response rate increased from 54.08%to 66.78%.Chinese participants had better schistosomiasis knowledge than Burkina Faso participants did,but the same result was not found for malaria.Diseases control strategies,surveillance and response system,and diagnostics techniques were identified as the top three priorities for future capacity building.Participants from China and Burkina Faso shared almost the same views about challenges except with respect to pathogens,which the former saw as a major challenge and the latter did not.The study findings will help policymakers,health managers,and researchers to understand the future cooperation between Burkina Faso and China on malaria and schistosomiasis.展开更多
A concept map is a schematic device for representing a set of concept meanings embedded in a framework of propositions.It can be used to evaluate students’knowledge structure.This article introduces the comparative s...A concept map is a schematic device for representing a set of concept meanings embedded in a framework of propositions.It can be used to evaluate students’knowledge structure.This article introduces the comparative study of Chinese and American secondary school students’knowledge structure.They are compared quantitatively and qualitatively in terms of mean score,individual proposition scores,proposition choice and map structure.The results indicate that students’knowledge structures in the two countries are remarkably different.Compared with American students,Chinese students’ability to take an exam is stronger and their mean score is higher.However,Chinese students need to improve their general knowledge and creativity although their basic knowledge is solid and they are better in mastering discipline knowledge and knowledge application.展开更多
Education is a complex system that has evolved over thousands of years to reach its current level.It has many objects and subjects.The education systems of the countries are very diverse.Almost every country has its o...Education is a complex system that has evolved over thousands of years to reach its current level.It has many objects and subjects.The education systems of the countries are very diverse.Almost every country has its own ranking approach,because there is no universally accepted scientific theory of education.The search for effective reform in education continues today,but any reform that is not based on scientific theory cannot solve the problem.There are many problems in the content and management of education.Knowledge assessment is also flawed.No country can build an ideal school.It can be considered that in the last hundred years,education has not developed conceptually in the desired direction.Thus,education aims to train strong personalities,not perfect(wise)people.Although individualistic education may seem beneficial locally,globally it divides humanity and prevents its sustainable and harmonious living.However,in societies made up of perfect people,in principle there will be no division,harmony will exist,because perfect people solve problems not by force,but by reason,prefer cooperation rather than conflict.This means protecting the planet.To make the world a gun-free society,the view of education must change conceptually.This article presents a new philosophical view of teaching knowledge and proposes a new model,criteria,and theory.展开更多
文摘Objective:To translate and adapt the dementia knowledge assessment scale(DKAS)into Sinhala version and to evaluate its psychometric properties among nursing students.Methods:A cross-sectional validation study was conducted in two phases:(i)translation and adaptation and(ii)evaluating psychometric properties(N=394 nursing students).Results:The DKAS was adapted to the Sinhala(Si-DKAS)version,and the content validity index(CVI=0.9)was satisfactory.Exploratory factor analysis(EFA)and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)resulted in an 18-item Si-DKAS with a four-factor model:“care considerations,”“causes and characteristics of dementia,”“health promotion,”and“misconceptions about dementia.”The model fit indices were suboptimal(comparative fix index[CFI]=0.809 and Turker-Lewis index[TLI]=0.773),and some indices were acceptable(standardized root-mean-squared residual[SRMR]=0.040 and root-mean-squared error of approximation[RMSEA]=0.053).Internal consistency(0.7)and test-retest correlation(0.9)were acceptable.Discriminant validity was confirmed by knowledge score differences based on academic years.Conclusions:This is a valid and reliable tool for assessing knowledge of dementia among Sinhala-speaking nursing students.
基金supported by the HNA Research Centre for Future Data Ecosystems at Imperial College London.
文摘The peer-review process,which serves as the quality-control mechanism of scientific knowledge production,has been criticized for its bias,unreliability,and inefficiency.Academic conferences and journals typically rely on a centralized mechanism for reviewer assignment and paper assessment.We argue that this centralization is a major factor contributing to the unreliability of the review process,leading to deficiencies in the current knowledge-assessment systems.To address this,we propose a novel decentralized model that democratizes peer review by shifting decision-making rights from centralized authorities to all scholars participating in a scholarly community.Our model includes a dual-rewarding incentive mechanism that motivates scholars to actively participate in peer review by recognizing both their effort and scientific contributions.This model transforms peer review from passive judgment to active collaboration.We simulated the model in conference settings and demonstrated its potential to revolutionize knowledge production and dissemination.
基金the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Nos.91646205 and 71421002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universi-ties of China(No.16JCCS08)。
文摘The growing demand for health management puts forward high requirements for the quality of health knowledge.A content-based method is proposed to address the current demand for high-quality health knowledge,which evaluates the quality including the certainty,accuracy,and operability of different types of knowledge from the perspectives of authority,precision,and information entropy.Herein,the health knowledge of myocardial infarction is used as an example,and knowledge is first classified into different types and then evaluated.This method is applied to knowledge in the existing health management system and it can support knowledge screening and comparison under the cold start condition.Compared with the current evaluation methods based on knowledge use behavior and utility,the new evaluation method provides a reference for evaluation when the knowledge is first used.The screening of high quality knowledge can help the subsequent application of knowledge and improve user’s compliance.Concurrently,the arrangement of myocardial infarction knowledge can also provide a knowledge reference for patients’daily health management.
基金supported by the National Key Laboratory for Comp lex Systems Simulation Foundation (6142006190301)。
文摘In the context of big data, many large-scale knowledge graphs have emerged to effectively organize the explosive growth of web data on the Internet. To select suitable knowledge graphs for use from many knowledge graphs, quality assessment is particularly important. As an important thing of quality assessment, completeness assessment generally refers to the ratio of the current data volume to the total data volume.When evaluating the completeness of a knowledge graph, it is often necessary to refine the completeness dimension by setting different completeness metrics to produce more complete and understandable evaluation results for the knowledge graph.However, lack of awareness of requirements is the most problematic quality issue. In the actual evaluation process, the existing completeness metrics need to consider the actual application. Therefore, to accurately recommend suitable knowledge graphs to many users, it is particularly important to develop relevant measurement metrics and formulate measurement schemes for completeness. In this paper, we will first clarify the concept of completeness, establish each metric of completeness, and finally design a measurement proposal for the completeness of knowledge graphs.
基金supported by the program of the Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research(No.131031104000160004)the ChinaAfrica Cooperative Project on Schistosomiasis Control and Elimination(No.2020-C4-0001-2).
文摘Malaria and schistosomiasis are highly prevalent in Burkina Faso,whereas China has successfully eliminated malaria as well as schistosomiasis as a public health problem.To implement the China-Africa health cooperation initiative,a series of activities were launched since 2019 to enhance understanding and cooperation among malaria and schistosomiasis professionals in China and Burkina Faso.This study described the achievements of the First Virtual Symposium of China-Burkina Faso Cooperation on Schistosomiasis and Malaria Control.Pre-and post-test questionnaires were employed to study the knowledge changes of participants regarding malaria and schistosomiasis control and elimination,explore capacity-building priorities,and identify potential challenges.Chi-squared statistics were used to compare the differences between sub-groups,and p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Participants ranked their preferences for challenges and capacity-building priorities in future cooperation.The responses of participants from both China and Burkina Faso indicated effective improvement in their general knowledge about the diseases whereas the improvement in professional knowledge on malaria and schistosomiasis was limited.The total correct response rate increased from 54.08%to 66.78%.Chinese participants had better schistosomiasis knowledge than Burkina Faso participants did,but the same result was not found for malaria.Diseases control strategies,surveillance and response system,and diagnostics techniques were identified as the top three priorities for future capacity building.Participants from China and Burkina Faso shared almost the same views about challenges except with respect to pathogens,which the former saw as a major challenge and the latter did not.The study findings will help policymakers,health managers,and researchers to understand the future cooperation between Burkina Faso and China on malaria and schistosomiasis.
文摘A concept map is a schematic device for representing a set of concept meanings embedded in a framework of propositions.It can be used to evaluate students’knowledge structure.This article introduces the comparative study of Chinese and American secondary school students’knowledge structure.They are compared quantitatively and qualitatively in terms of mean score,individual proposition scores,proposition choice and map structure.The results indicate that students’knowledge structures in the two countries are remarkably different.Compared with American students,Chinese students’ability to take an exam is stronger and their mean score is higher.However,Chinese students need to improve their general knowledge and creativity although their basic knowledge is solid and they are better in mastering discipline knowledge and knowledge application.
文摘Education is a complex system that has evolved over thousands of years to reach its current level.It has many objects and subjects.The education systems of the countries are very diverse.Almost every country has its own ranking approach,because there is no universally accepted scientific theory of education.The search for effective reform in education continues today,but any reform that is not based on scientific theory cannot solve the problem.There are many problems in the content and management of education.Knowledge assessment is also flawed.No country can build an ideal school.It can be considered that in the last hundred years,education has not developed conceptually in the desired direction.Thus,education aims to train strong personalities,not perfect(wise)people.Although individualistic education may seem beneficial locally,globally it divides humanity and prevents its sustainable and harmonious living.However,in societies made up of perfect people,in principle there will be no division,harmony will exist,because perfect people solve problems not by force,but by reason,prefer cooperation rather than conflict.This means protecting the planet.To make the world a gun-free society,the view of education must change conceptually.This article presents a new philosophical view of teaching knowledge and proposes a new model,criteria,and theory.
