This paper investigates the control systems and coordination mechanisms applied in the relationships between cruise line companies and terminal concessionaires in the cruise events management when the ships are stoppi...This paper investigates the control systems and coordination mechanisms applied in the relationships between cruise line companies and terminal concessionaires in the cruise events management when the ships are stopping on the quay. Using a case study methodology and focusing on the Italian context, this exploratory study, through a qualitative approach, interviewed two main cruise terminal concessionaires and indirectly observed events planned by cruise companies in sea ports selected for outlining the role of control systems, coordination, and knowledge sharing between the players in cruise events decision-making processes. The first results show that the cruise event management processes on ship berthing and on terminal are separated. The cruise companies don＇t involve terminal concessionaires in the event organization considering them only service suppliers Also, the concessionaires conceive the events planned in the cruise infrastructures as a business unit to optimize the space use, without any forms of coordination or control with cruise companies. Knowledge sharing, coordination, and control among the two players could support the planning, and management of ＂new cruise events＂ in which the visitors may be led from the infrastructure to the ships stopped on the quay. This study offers a set of key performance indicators to support the management, control, and coordination of each inter-organizational relationship identified. Managerial implications and suggestions for improving cruise events management have been provided.展开更多
The presence of sub-standard ships has been a long-standing concern in the maritime domain and a slew of measures are implemented to tide over the problem.Measurement is a key to verifying the success of measures adop...The presence of sub-standard ships has been a long-standing concern in the maritime domain and a slew of measures are implemented to tide over the problem.Measurement is a key to verifying the success of measures adopted to enhance maritime safety and protect the marine environment.While there is an abundance of literature based on Port State Control inspections it is argued that in addition to the prevailing indicators of flag State performance deeper insights are to be gained by exploring indicators in other areas such as findings of IMO member State audits.This paper proposes simple and intuitive indicators in conjunction with existing indicators to identify trends in flag State performance and explores application of the indicators to a select set of member States in Latin-America region.The paper concludes that the proposed indicators have the potential for global application.展开更多
The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific req...The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific requirements for the defence industry. The model uses Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to enhance data governance procedures. Design Science Research guided the study, using qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data from MoD personnel. Major deficiencies were found in data integration, quality control, and adherence to data security regulations. The DGMM helps the MOD improve personnel, procedures, technology, and organizational elements related to data management. The model was tested against ISO/IEC 38500 and recommended for use in other government sectors with similar data governance issues. The DGMM has the potential to enhance data management efficiency, security, and compliance in the MOD and guide further research in military data governance.展开更多
The sixth generation(6G)mobile network is envisaged to be commercially deployed around 2030,which will profoundly change people's lifestyles and accelerate the digitalization of society.To ensure that the requirem...The sixth generation(6G)mobile network is envisaged to be commercially deployed around 2030,which will profoundly change people's lifestyles and accelerate the digitalization of society.To ensure that the requirements of 6G can be achieved,it is essential to establish a set of key performance indicators(KPIs).This paper comprehensively assesses the KPIs not only from the service requirements but also from the technical feasibility points of view.Specifically,theoretical derivations of KPIs have been clarified,and numerical evaluations have been conducted with reasonable technical assumptions.Evaluation results show that some KPIs defined from the service requirements can be improved through advanced technologies while some are still challenging for practical implementations,such as Tbps-level peak data rate and 0.1 ms user plane latency.In addition,it is also necessary to comply with multiple KPIs for some cases.Furthermore,based on the technical analysis,the potential enabling technologies are outlined and foreseeable implementation challenges as well as possible solutions are presented,which promotes a more reasonable design for 6G mobile network.展开更多
To meet the considerably increase of mobile data traffic and wireless communication connections around 2020,the 5th generation(5G)mobile network will necessarily consider more frequency bands,enabling technologies and...To meet the considerably increase of mobile data traffic and wireless communication connections around 2020,the 5th generation(5G)mobile network will necessarily consider more frequency bands,enabling technologies and diversified key performance indicators and test environments comparing with existing network,for example Long Term Evolution.More specifically,the obvious difference between 5G and previous wireless communication system are not only included eMBB(enhance mobile broadband) usage scenario,but also introduced mMTC(massive machine type communications)and URLLC(ultra-reliable and low latency communications) usage scenarios.Hence,in order to evaluate 5G related technologies,some novel test environments will be widely discussed,as well as,certain new key performance indicators will be drawn into5 G evaluation methodology for satisfied new requirements.We will discuss characteristic of these 4 candidate test environments,such as indoor isolated environment,high speed train environment;and the definition of 15 keys performance indicator will be explained and clarified,for example,Throughput,Network Energy Efficiency,Device Connection Density and so on.Furthermore,high-level assessment method of each test environment also will be initially considered.It is notable that an initial evaluation of indoor isolated environment also can be found,which the results show that there are 3 times average cell spectral efficiency than IMT-advanced's in same test environment.展开更多
A review of the development of the key performance metrics of endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR),learning from the experience of the establishment of widespread colonoscopy quality measurements.Potential future perform...A review of the development of the key performance metrics of endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR),learning from the experience of the establishment of widespread colonoscopy quality measurements.Potential future performance markers for both colonoscopy and EMR are also evaluated to ensure continued high quality performance is maintained with a focus service framework and predictors of patient outcome.展开更多
Fifth Generation(5G)systems aim to improve flexibility,coexistence and diverse service in several aspects to achieve the emerging applications requirements.Windowing and filtering of the traditional multicarrier wavef...Fifth Generation(5G)systems aim to improve flexibility,coexistence and diverse service in several aspects to achieve the emerging applications requirements.Windowing and filtering of the traditional multicarrier waveforms are now considered common sense when designing more flexible waveforms.This paper proposed a Universal Windowing Multi-Carrier(UWMC)waveform design platform that is flexible,providing more easily coexists with different pulse shapes,and reduces the Out of Band Emissions(OOBE),which is generated by the traditional multicarrier methods that used in the previous generations of the mobile technology.The novel proposed approach is different from other approaches that have been proposed,and it is based on applying a novel modulation approach for the Quadrature-Amplitude Modulation(64-QAM)which is considered very popular in mobile technology.This new approach is done by employing flexible pulse shaping windowing,by assigning windows to various bands.This leads to decreased side-lobes,which are going to reduce OOBE and boost the spectral efficiency by assigning them to edge subscribers only.The new subband windowing(UWMC)will also maintain comprehensively the non-orthogonality by a variety of windowing and make sure to keep window time the same for all subbands.In addition,this paper shows that the new approach made the Bit Error Rate(BER)equal to the conventional Windowed-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(W-OFDM).This platform achieved great improvement for some other Key Performance Indicators(KPI),such as the Peak to Average Power Ratio(PAPR)compared with the conventional(W-OFDM)and the conventional Universal Filtered Multicarrier(UFMC)approaches.In particular,the proposed windowing scheme outperforms previous designs in terms of the Power Spectral Density(PSD)by 58%and the(BER)by 1.5 dB and reduces the Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function Cubic Metric(CCDF-CM)by 24%.展开更多
Since data services are penetrating into our daily life rapidly, the mobile network becomes more complicated, and the amount of data transmission is more and more increasing. In this case, the traditional statistical ...Since data services are penetrating into our daily life rapidly, the mobile network becomes more complicated, and the amount of data transmission is more and more increasing. In this case, the traditional statistical methods for anomalous cell detection cannot adapt to the evolution of networks, and data mining becomes the mainstream. In this paper, we propose a novel kernel density-based local outlier factor(KLOF) to assign a degree of being an outlier to each object. Firstly, the notion of KLOF is introduced, which captures exactly the relative degree of isolation. Then, by analyzing its properties, including the tightness of upper and lower bounds, sensitivity of density perturbation, we find that KLOF is much greater than 1 for outliers. Lastly, KLOFis applied on a real-world dataset to detect anomalous cells with abnormal key performance indicators(KPIs) to verify its reliability. The experiment shows that KLOF can find outliers efficiently. It can be a guideline for the operators to perform faster and more efficient trouble shooting.展开更多
Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that ...Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by 2023.The Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing devices.Recent research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile technology.High output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated currently.In this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is provided.The debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are provided.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international communication.Eventually,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.展开更多
Published financial statements and information on company performance include in the past only financial information and neglected non-financials. Investments decisions nowadays rely not only on pure financial informa...Published financial statements and information on company performance include in the past only financial information and neglected non-financials. Investments decisions nowadays rely not only on pure financial information. The last developments of accounting rules and regulations and the current practice in company reporting put non-financial information and other decision useful non-GAAP measures in focus. A higher number of non-financial information could be found in actual company reports compared to prior years and document a shift in the reporting culture from disclosing only financial performance to an integrated reporting that also reports about performance of the total organisation and the contribution to society. Today, an integrated reporting that combines financials with non-financials and as the standard report of companies is not achieved. One step to an integrated reporting is the EU Accounts Modernisation Directive 2003/51/EC which integrated non-financial key performance indicators （KPIs） in the obligatory reporting for companies. Another step that fosters the development of companies reporting is rooted on the EU Directive 2014/95/EU （CSR directive）. The directive includes rules to make non-financial information obligatory and more harmonized in published company reports. The disclosing of non-financial information, like sustainability and social responsibility, is now obligatory, harmonized and regulated in the EU.展开更多
This paper acquaints readers with the practice of effectiveness evaluation in the public sector. The purpose of this paper is to study performance measurement according to the changes in public sector reform by focusi...This paper acquaints readers with the practice of effectiveness evaluation in the public sector. The purpose of this paper is to study performance measurement according to the changes in public sector reform by focusing on performance-based budgeting in Russia. This paper suggests that the construction process of performance measurement should be aligned with outputs and outcomes of budget policy. The main research materials for this paper are based on data from a survey and follow-up interviews of budgetary managers and accountants. The survey result sets priorities and weighted some indicators to the measurement of effectiveness in the public sector. The data of this study were not large, but the study led to understanding how effectiveness is seen by budgetary managers and how measurement systems should be structured. Texts and contents from different sources such as financial annual reports and budgetary entities＇ websites provided insightful and interesting findings.展开更多
This paper builds a self-adaptive management process in the power system dispatching area, aiming to effectively monitor the grid operation, dynamically adjust control strategy, optimize working process and ensure the...This paper builds a self-adaptive management process in the power system dispatching area, aiming to effectively monitor the grid operation, dynamically adjust control strategy, optimize working process and ensure the continuous improvement of operational performance. By building a negative feedback and dynamic balanced management mechanism, ECPRCB （East China Power Regulation Center Branch） is able to keenly sense the internal and external changes, efficiently coordinate all kinds of resources and improve the operational performance. As a result, self-adaptive management effectively boosts ECPRCB to reach the goal of being a world-class dispatching center with high operational performance, competent internal operation, adequate resources support and strong growth motion.展开更多
Critical infrastructures(CIs)embody cyber-physical-social systems(CPSSs)where physical entities are integrated with cyber components,shaping service delivery through end-user behavior.The seamless operation of CIs is ...Critical infrastructures(CIs)embody cyber-physical-social systems(CPSSs)where physical entities are integrated with cyber components,shaping service delivery through end-user behavior.The seamless operation of CIs is vital for society,and the CPSS resilience relies on interdependencies with AI-integrated technologies.The complexity of the system,and the interconnections with other infrastructures,along with the socio-technical transition towards digitization raised the necessity of implementing Resilience Engineering.This motivates exploration of the scientific literature on resilience key performance indicators(R-KPIs)which support strategies for ensuring service continuity.Therefore,this article aims to identify R-KPIs for AI-integrated CIs and prioritize the extracted R-KPIs using a hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making(MCDM)approach.The results show the importance of employing R-KPIs that measure risk probability,energy self-sufficiency level of the system under study,and performance indicators including functionality loss,recovery time,and minimum performance level after disturbance as the most effective R-KPIs in the domain of this study.After identifying and prioritizing the R-KPIs,a general framework is proposed to employ these R-KPIs in modeling the resilience of a CPS.Finally,a case study demonstrates the implementation of the framework and KPIs in a real-life scenario.展开更多
The active multi-beam antenna can be widely used in the 6G integrated satellite network project,the national satellite Internet project,and other major satellite projects.It determines the key performance indicators o...The active multi-beam antenna can be widely used in the 6G integrated satellite network project,the national satellite Internet project,and other major satellite projects.It determines the key performance indicators of the satellite such as the service coverage area and the communication capacity of all the beams in the forward link and the return link.The active multi-beam antenna is the core technology of satellite payload and has been developed rapidly in recent years.Based on the antenna performance requirements such as the number of giant-scale beams,super-large coverage area,high gain,and high carrier-to-interference ratio(C/I),this paper proposes a new active multi-beam antenna design method,which integrates the multi-objective coordination and multi-feed amplitude and phase weighted optimization algorithms.A balanced optimal solution that meets the performance requirements can be obtained by constraining each other with different objective functions.In the optimization process,the surrogate model of convolutional autoencoder based on artificial intelligence technology is proposed for multi-objective optimization solution,which efficiently completes the search of optimal beam excitation coefficients.This paper takes the demand for very-high-throughput communication satellites serving the Asia-Pacific region as an example and applies the design method to the multi-beam antenna design of the satellite.The simulation verification of the antenna is completed,achieving good performance of 976 beams.All results meet the performance requirements,supporting the implementation of 1 Tbps communication capacity for the entire satellite,and verifying the correctness of the design method.展开更多
文摘This paper investigates the control systems and coordination mechanisms applied in the relationships between cruise line companies and terminal concessionaires in the cruise events management when the ships are stopping on the quay. Using a case study methodology and focusing on the Italian context, this exploratory study, through a qualitative approach, interviewed two main cruise terminal concessionaires and indirectly observed events planned by cruise companies in sea ports selected for outlining the role of control systems, coordination, and knowledge sharing between the players in cruise events decision-making processes. The first results show that the cruise event management processes on ship berthing and on terminal are separated. The cruise companies don＇t involve terminal concessionaires in the event organization considering them only service suppliers Also, the concessionaires conceive the events planned in the cruise infrastructures as a business unit to optimize the space use, without any forms of coordination or control with cruise companies. Knowledge sharing, coordination, and control among the two players could support the planning, and management of ＂new cruise events＂ in which the visitors may be led from the infrastructure to the ships stopped on the quay. This study offers a set of key performance indicators to support the management, control, and coordination of each inter-organizational relationship identified. Managerial implications and suggestions for improving cruise events management have been provided.
文摘The presence of sub-standard ships has been a long-standing concern in the maritime domain and a slew of measures are implemented to tide over the problem.Measurement is a key to verifying the success of measures adopted to enhance maritime safety and protect the marine environment.While there is an abundance of literature based on Port State Control inspections it is argued that in addition to the prevailing indicators of flag State performance deeper insights are to be gained by exploring indicators in other areas such as findings of IMO member State audits.This paper proposes simple and intuitive indicators in conjunction with existing indicators to identify trends in flag State performance and explores application of the indicators to a select set of member States in Latin-America region.The paper concludes that the proposed indicators have the potential for global application.
文摘The study aimed to develop a customized Data Governance Maturity Model (DGMM) for the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in Kenya to address data governance challenges in military settings. Current frameworks lack specific requirements for the defence industry. The model uses Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to enhance data governance procedures. Design Science Research guided the study, using qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data from MoD personnel. Major deficiencies were found in data integration, quality control, and adherence to data security regulations. The DGMM helps the MOD improve personnel, procedures, technology, and organizational elements related to data management. The model was tested against ISO/IEC 38500 and recommended for use in other government sectors with similar data governance issues. The DGMM has the potential to enhance data management efficiency, security, and compliance in the MOD and guide further research in military data governance.
文摘The sixth generation(6G)mobile network is envisaged to be commercially deployed around 2030,which will profoundly change people's lifestyles and accelerate the digitalization of society.To ensure that the requirements of 6G can be achieved,it is essential to establish a set of key performance indicators(KPIs).This paper comprehensively assesses the KPIs not only from the service requirements but also from the technical feasibility points of view.Specifically,theoretical derivations of KPIs have been clarified,and numerical evaluations have been conducted with reasonable technical assumptions.Evaluation results show that some KPIs defined from the service requirements can be improved through advanced technologies while some are still challenging for practical implementations,such as Tbps-level peak data rate and 0.1 ms user plane latency.In addition,it is also necessary to comply with multiple KPIs for some cases.Furthermore,based on the technical analysis,the potential enabling technologies are outlined and foreseeable implementation challenges as well as possible solutions are presented,which promotes a more reasonable design for 6G mobile network.
文摘To meet the considerably increase of mobile data traffic and wireless communication connections around 2020,the 5th generation(5G)mobile network will necessarily consider more frequency bands,enabling technologies and diversified key performance indicators and test environments comparing with existing network,for example Long Term Evolution.More specifically,the obvious difference between 5G and previous wireless communication system are not only included eMBB(enhance mobile broadband) usage scenario,but also introduced mMTC(massive machine type communications)and URLLC(ultra-reliable and low latency communications) usage scenarios.Hence,in order to evaluate 5G related technologies,some novel test environments will be widely discussed,as well as,certain new key performance indicators will be drawn into5 G evaluation methodology for satisfied new requirements.We will discuss characteristic of these 4 candidate test environments,such as indoor isolated environment,high speed train environment;and the definition of 15 keys performance indicator will be explained and clarified,for example,Throughput,Network Energy Efficiency,Device Connection Density and so on.Furthermore,high-level assessment method of each test environment also will be initially considered.It is notable that an initial evaluation of indoor isolated environment also can be found,which the results show that there are 3 times average cell spectral efficiency than IMT-advanced's in same test environment.
文摘A review of the development of the key performance metrics of endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR),learning from the experience of the establishment of widespread colonoscopy quality measurements.Potential future performance markers for both colonoscopy and EMR are also evaluated to ensure continued high quality performance is maintained with a focus service framework and predictors of patient outcome.
基金supported in part by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2019/TK04/UTHM/02/8)the University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.
文摘Fifth Generation(5G)systems aim to improve flexibility,coexistence and diverse service in several aspects to achieve the emerging applications requirements.Windowing and filtering of the traditional multicarrier waveforms are now considered common sense when designing more flexible waveforms.This paper proposed a Universal Windowing Multi-Carrier(UWMC)waveform design platform that is flexible,providing more easily coexists with different pulse shapes,and reduces the Out of Band Emissions(OOBE),which is generated by the traditional multicarrier methods that used in the previous generations of the mobile technology.The novel proposed approach is different from other approaches that have been proposed,and it is based on applying a novel modulation approach for the Quadrature-Amplitude Modulation(64-QAM)which is considered very popular in mobile technology.This new approach is done by employing flexible pulse shaping windowing,by assigning windows to various bands.This leads to decreased side-lobes,which are going to reduce OOBE and boost the spectral efficiency by assigning them to edge subscribers only.The new subband windowing(UWMC)will also maintain comprehensively the non-orthogonality by a variety of windowing and make sure to keep window time the same for all subbands.In addition,this paper shows that the new approach made the Bit Error Rate(BER)equal to the conventional Windowed-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(W-OFDM).This platform achieved great improvement for some other Key Performance Indicators(KPI),such as the Peak to Average Power Ratio(PAPR)compared with the conventional(W-OFDM)and the conventional Universal Filtered Multicarrier(UFMC)approaches.In particular,the proposed windowing scheme outperforms previous designs in terms of the Power Spectral Density(PSD)by 58%and the(BER)by 1.5 dB and reduces the Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function Cubic Metric(CCDF-CM)by 24%.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program: 2013CB329004)
文摘Since data services are penetrating into our daily life rapidly, the mobile network becomes more complicated, and the amount of data transmission is more and more increasing. In this case, the traditional statistical methods for anomalous cell detection cannot adapt to the evolution of networks, and data mining becomes the mainstream. In this paper, we propose a novel kernel density-based local outlier factor(KLOF) to assign a degree of being an outlier to each object. Firstly, the notion of KLOF is introduced, which captures exactly the relative degree of isolation. Then, by analyzing its properties, including the tightness of upper and lower bounds, sensitivity of density perturbation, we find that KLOF is much greater than 1 for outliers. Lastly, KLOFis applied on a real-world dataset to detect anomalous cells with abnormal key performance indicators(KPIs) to verify its reliability. The experiment shows that KLOF can find outliers efficiently. It can be a guideline for the operators to perform faster and more efficient trouble shooting.
文摘Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by 2023.The Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing devices.Recent research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile technology.High output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated currently.In this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is provided.The debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are provided.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international communication.Eventually,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.
文摘Published financial statements and information on company performance include in the past only financial information and neglected non-financials. Investments decisions nowadays rely not only on pure financial information. The last developments of accounting rules and regulations and the current practice in company reporting put non-financial information and other decision useful non-GAAP measures in focus. A higher number of non-financial information could be found in actual company reports compared to prior years and document a shift in the reporting culture from disclosing only financial performance to an integrated reporting that also reports about performance of the total organisation and the contribution to society. Today, an integrated reporting that combines financials with non-financials and as the standard report of companies is not achieved. One step to an integrated reporting is the EU Accounts Modernisation Directive 2003/51/EC which integrated non-financial key performance indicators （KPIs） in the obligatory reporting for companies. Another step that fosters the development of companies reporting is rooted on the EU Directive 2014/95/EU （CSR directive）. The directive includes rules to make non-financial information obligatory and more harmonized in published company reports. The disclosing of non-financial information, like sustainability and social responsibility, is now obligatory, harmonized and regulated in the EU.
文摘This paper acquaints readers with the practice of effectiveness evaluation in the public sector. The purpose of this paper is to study performance measurement according to the changes in public sector reform by focusing on performance-based budgeting in Russia. This paper suggests that the construction process of performance measurement should be aligned with outputs and outcomes of budget policy. The main research materials for this paper are based on data from a survey and follow-up interviews of budgetary managers and accountants. The survey result sets priorities and weighted some indicators to the measurement of effectiveness in the public sector. The data of this study were not large, but the study led to understanding how effectiveness is seen by budgetary managers and how measurement systems should be structured. Texts and contents from different sources such as financial annual reports and budgetary entities＇ websites provided insightful and interesting findings.
文摘This paper builds a self-adaptive management process in the power system dispatching area, aiming to effectively monitor the grid operation, dynamically adjust control strategy, optimize working process and ensure the continuous improvement of operational performance. By building a negative feedback and dynamic balanced management mechanism, ECPRCB （East China Power Regulation Center Branch） is able to keenly sense the internal and external changes, efficiently coordinate all kinds of resources and improve the operational performance. As a result, self-adaptive management effectively boosts ECPRCB to reach the goal of being a world-class dispatching center with high operational performance, competent internal operation, adequate resources support and strong growth motion.
文摘Critical infrastructures(CIs)embody cyber-physical-social systems(CPSSs)where physical entities are integrated with cyber components,shaping service delivery through end-user behavior.The seamless operation of CIs is vital for society,and the CPSS resilience relies on interdependencies with AI-integrated technologies.The complexity of the system,and the interconnections with other infrastructures,along with the socio-technical transition towards digitization raised the necessity of implementing Resilience Engineering.This motivates exploration of the scientific literature on resilience key performance indicators(R-KPIs)which support strategies for ensuring service continuity.Therefore,this article aims to identify R-KPIs for AI-integrated CIs and prioritize the extracted R-KPIs using a hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making(MCDM)approach.The results show the importance of employing R-KPIs that measure risk probability,energy self-sufficiency level of the system under study,and performance indicators including functionality loss,recovery time,and minimum performance level after disturbance as the most effective R-KPIs in the domain of this study.After identifying and prioritizing the R-KPIs,a general framework is proposed to employ these R-KPIs in modeling the resilience of a CPS.Finally,a case study demonstrates the implementation of the framework and KPIs in a real-life scenario.
基金supported by the Fund from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62271387)a pre-research project on Civil Aerospace Technologies(Grant No.D010203).
文摘The active multi-beam antenna can be widely used in the 6G integrated satellite network project,the national satellite Internet project,and other major satellite projects.It determines the key performance indicators of the satellite such as the service coverage area and the communication capacity of all the beams in the forward link and the return link.The active multi-beam antenna is the core technology of satellite payload and has been developed rapidly in recent years.Based on the antenna performance requirements such as the number of giant-scale beams,super-large coverage area,high gain,and high carrier-to-interference ratio(C/I),this paper proposes a new active multi-beam antenna design method,which integrates the multi-objective coordination and multi-feed amplitude and phase weighted optimization algorithms.A balanced optimal solution that meets the performance requirements can be obtained by constraining each other with different objective functions.In the optimization process,the surrogate model of convolutional autoencoder based on artificial intelligence technology is proposed for multi-objective optimization solution,which efficiently completes the search of optimal beam excitation coefficients.This paper takes the demand for very-high-throughput communication satellites serving the Asia-Pacific region as an example and applies the design method to the multi-beam antenna design of the satellite.The simulation verification of the antenna is completed,achieving good performance of 976 beams.All results meet the performance requirements,supporting the implementation of 1 Tbps communication capacity for the entire satellite,and verifying the correctness of the design method.
