At present,there is currently a lack of unified standard methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater in China.The precision and trueness of related detection technologies have not yet been systema...At present,there is currently a lack of unified standard methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater in China.The precision and trueness of related detection technologies have not yet been systematically and quantitatively evaluated,which limits the effective implementation of environmental monitoring.In response to this key technical gap,this study aimed to establish a standardized method for determining antimony in groundwater using Hydride Generation–Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry(HG-AFS).Ten laboratories participated in inter-laboratory collaborative tests,and the statistical analysis of the test data was carried out in strict accordance with the technical specifications of GB/T 6379.2—2004 and GB/T 6379.4—2006.The consistency and outliers of the data were tested by Mandel's h and k statistics,the Grubbs test and the Cochran test,and the outliers were removed to optimize the data,thereby significantly improving the reliability and accuracy.Based on the optimized data,parameters such as the repeatability limit(r),reproducibility limit(R),and method bias value(δ)were determined,and the trueness of the method was statistically evaluated.At the same time,precision-function relationships were established,and all results met the requirements.The results show that the lower the antimony content,the lower the repeatability limit(r)and reproducibility limit(R),indicating that the measurement error mainly originates from the detection limit of the method and instrument sensitivity.Therefore,improving the instrument sensitivity and reducing the detection limit are the keys to controlling the analytical error and improving precision.This study provides reliable data support and a solid technical foundation for the establishment and evaluation of standardized methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of“Three Methods and Three Acupoints”(TMTP)Tuina therapy on spinal microcirculation in sciatic nerve injury(SNI).Methods:Thirty-six SpragueeDawley rats were randomly assigned to ...Objective:To investigate the effects of“Three Methods and Three Acupoints”(TMTP)Tuina therapy on spinal microcirculation in sciatic nerve injury(SNI).Methods:Thirty-six SpragueeDawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups:normal,sham operation,model,and TMTP Tuina.Successful model induction was confirmed by observable hind limb lameness.After 20 sessions,hind limb grip strength and motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV)were measured at baseline and following the 10th and 20th intervention.CD31 and a-SMA in the ventral horn of SNI model rats were detected using immunofluorescence.Motor neurons in the ventral horn were detected by Nissl staining.PTEN levels in the ventral horn were measured by ELISA,and PI3K,Akt,BDNF,VEGF,and HIF-1a expression was determined by RT-PCR.Spinal cord microcirculation was evaluated by western blotting analysis of the levels of Akt,p-Akt,BDNF,and VEGF.Results:Hind limb grip strength and MNCV significantly improved in the TMTP Tuina group compared to the model group(both P<.001).Morphology of ventral horn motor neurons in the TMTP Tuina group improved compared to the model group,with increased expressions of a-SMA(P=.002)and CD31(P=.006).Western blot analysis indicated increased expression of VEGF(P=.005),p-Akt(P<.001),and BDNF(P=.008)in the ventral horn following Tuina treatment.RT-PCR analysis revealed increased expression of PI3K,Akt,BDNF,VEGF and HIF-1a(all P<.05).In contrast,expression of PTEN decreased compared to the model group(P<.001).Conclusion:TMTP Tuina therapy may restore motor function in rats,enhance ventral horn motor neuron morphology,and promote angiogenesis and vascular smooth muscle proliferation.The mechanism may involve the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.展开更多
We present the approaches to implementing the k-√k L turbulence model within the framework of the high-order discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method.We use the DG discretization to solve the full Reynolds-averaged Navier-St...We present the approaches to implementing the k-√k L turbulence model within the framework of the high-order discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method.We use the DG discretization to solve the full Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations.In order to enhance the robustness of approaches,some effective techniques are designed.The HWENO(Hermite weighted essentially non-oscillatory)limiting strategy is adopted for stabilizing the turbulence model variable k.Modifications have been made to the model equation itself by using the auxiliary variable that is always positive.The 2nd-order derivatives of velocities required in computing the von Karman length scale are evaluated in a way to maintain the compactness of DG methods.Numerical results demonstrate that the approaches have achieved the desirable accuracy for both steady and unsteady turbulent simulations.展开更多
To ensure the safe operation of batteries,accurately obtaining key internal state parameters is essential.However,traditional parameter measurement methods either require opening the battery or long-term measurements,...To ensure the safe operation of batteries,accurately obtaining key internal state parameters is essential.However,traditional parameter measurement methods either require opening the battery or long-term measurements,which are impractical.Therefore,the fixed values are commonly used for these parameters in electrochemical models and have significant limitations.To overcome these limitations,this paper proposes a deep neural network(DNN)based data-driven evaluation method to determine model parameters.By coupling an improved one-dimensional isothermal pseudo-twodimensional(P2D)model with DNN,this study identified concentration-dependent parameters through detailed discharge curve analysis.The results show that the data-driven method can effectively obtain the change trend of concentration-dependent parameters through the charge and discharge curve,and the method can be extended to different battery systems in different discharge rates and aging applications.This work is expected to provide new parameter selection insights for data-driven battery prediction and monitoring models.展开更多
Based on the Boltzmann’s superposition principles of linear viscoelastic materials and the von K*-rm*-n’s hypotheses of thin plates with large deflections, a mathematical model for quasi-static problems of viscoelas...Based on the Boltzmann’s superposition principles of linear viscoelastic materials and the von K*-rm*-n’s hypotheses of thin plates with large deflections, a mathematical model for quasi-static problems of viscoelastic thin plates was given. By the Galerkin method in spatial domain, the original integro-partial-differential system could be transformed into an integral system. The latter further was reduced to a differential system by using the new method for temporal domain presented in this paper. Numerical results show that compared with the ordinary finite difference method, the new method in this paper is simpler to operate and has some advantages, such as, no storage and quicker computational speed etc.展开更多
目的:观察弱内向整流相关及花生四烯酸激活的弱内向整流相关双孔钾离子通道(tandem of pore domains in a weak inward rectifying related-tandem of pore domains in a weak inward rectifying related arachidonic acid activated tw...目的:观察弱内向整流相关及花生四烯酸激活的弱内向整流相关双孔钾离子通道(tandem of pore domains in a weak inward rectifying related-tandem of pore domains in a weak inward rectifying related arachidonic acid activated two pore-domain potassium channels, TREK-TRAAK K2P)激活对氧化损伤的人视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelial, RPE)细胞吞噬功能的影响。方法:免疫荧光法检测TREK-1、TREK-2及TRAAK通道蛋白在人RPE细胞的表达,以不同时间和浓度梯度的叔丁基过氧化氢(tertbutyl hydroperoxide, t-BHP)诱导人RPE细胞氧化损伤。分对照组、t-BHP组、利鲁唑加t-BHP组,利鲁唑组,向各组加入2×107/mL的荧光微球或FITC标记猪感光细胞外节膜盘孵育6 h,固定染色后荧光显微镜拍照,Image-Pro Plus 6.0软件分析计算RPE细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数。结果:TREK-1、TREK-2、TREEK通道蛋白亚型在人RPE细胞质中均高表达。人RPE细胞在t-BHP干预后存活率呈浓度和时间依赖性,200μmol/L t-BHP干预6 h与对照组存活率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),400μmol/L t-BHP干预6 h致半数死亡。特异性吞噬指数:t-BHP组低于其他各组(P<0.001),而利鲁唑组高于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。特异性吞噬率:t-BHP组低于其他各组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。非特异性吞噬指数:t-BHP组低于其他各组(P<0.001);非特异性吞噬率:t-BHP组低于利鲁唑加t-BHP组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两两比较,仅利鲁唑组高于t-BHP组(P<0.05)。结论:激活TREK-TRAAK K2P通道可保护氧化损伤人RPE细胞的吞噬功能。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.42307555).
文摘At present,there is currently a lack of unified standard methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater in China.The precision and trueness of related detection technologies have not yet been systematically and quantitatively evaluated,which limits the effective implementation of environmental monitoring.In response to this key technical gap,this study aimed to establish a standardized method for determining antimony in groundwater using Hydride Generation–Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry(HG-AFS).Ten laboratories participated in inter-laboratory collaborative tests,and the statistical analysis of the test data was carried out in strict accordance with the technical specifications of GB/T 6379.2—2004 and GB/T 6379.4—2006.The consistency and outliers of the data were tested by Mandel's h and k statistics,the Grubbs test and the Cochran test,and the outliers were removed to optimize the data,thereby significantly improving the reliability and accuracy.Based on the optimized data,parameters such as the repeatability limit(r),reproducibility limit(R),and method bias value(δ)were determined,and the trueness of the method was statistically evaluated.At the same time,precision-function relationships were established,and all results met the requirements.The results show that the lower the antimony content,the lower the repeatability limit(r)and reproducibility limit(R),indicating that the measurement error mainly originates from the detection limit of the method and instrument sensitivity.Therefore,improving the instrument sensitivity and reducing the detection limit are the keys to controlling the analytical error and improving precision.This study provides reliable data support and a solid technical foundation for the establishment and evaluation of standardized methods for the determination of antimony content in groundwater.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82274675&82074573)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7232278).
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of“Three Methods and Three Acupoints”(TMTP)Tuina therapy on spinal microcirculation in sciatic nerve injury(SNI).Methods:Thirty-six SpragueeDawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups:normal,sham operation,model,and TMTP Tuina.Successful model induction was confirmed by observable hind limb lameness.After 20 sessions,hind limb grip strength and motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV)were measured at baseline and following the 10th and 20th intervention.CD31 and a-SMA in the ventral horn of SNI model rats were detected using immunofluorescence.Motor neurons in the ventral horn were detected by Nissl staining.PTEN levels in the ventral horn were measured by ELISA,and PI3K,Akt,BDNF,VEGF,and HIF-1a expression was determined by RT-PCR.Spinal cord microcirculation was evaluated by western blotting analysis of the levels of Akt,p-Akt,BDNF,and VEGF.Results:Hind limb grip strength and MNCV significantly improved in the TMTP Tuina group compared to the model group(both P<.001).Morphology of ventral horn motor neurons in the TMTP Tuina group improved compared to the model group,with increased expressions of a-SMA(P=.002)and CD31(P=.006).Western blot analysis indicated increased expression of VEGF(P=.005),p-Akt(P<.001),and BDNF(P=.008)in the ventral horn following Tuina treatment.RT-PCR analysis revealed increased expression of PI3K,Akt,BDNF,VEGF and HIF-1a(all P<.05).In contrast,expression of PTEN decreased compared to the model group(P<.001).Conclusion:TMTP Tuina therapy may restore motor function in rats,enhance ventral horn motor neuron morphology,and promote angiogenesis and vascular smooth muscle proliferation.The mechanism may involve the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92252201 and 11721202)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘We present the approaches to implementing the k-√k L turbulence model within the framework of the high-order discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method.We use the DG discretization to solve the full Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations.In order to enhance the robustness of approaches,some effective techniques are designed.The HWENO(Hermite weighted essentially non-oscillatory)limiting strategy is adopted for stabilizing the turbulence model variable k.Modifications have been made to the model equation itself by using the auxiliary variable that is always positive.The 2nd-order derivatives of velocities required in computing the von Karman length scale are evaluated in a way to maintain the compactness of DG methods.Numerical results demonstrate that the approaches have achieved the desirable accuracy for both steady and unsteady turbulent simulations.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22478239)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(19DZ2271100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22208208)。
文摘To ensure the safe operation of batteries,accurately obtaining key internal state parameters is essential.However,traditional parameter measurement methods either require opening the battery or long-term measurements,which are impractical.Therefore,the fixed values are commonly used for these parameters in electrochemical models and have significant limitations.To overcome these limitations,this paper proposes a deep neural network(DNN)based data-driven evaluation method to determine model parameters.By coupling an improved one-dimensional isothermal pseudo-twodimensional(P2D)model with DNN,this study identified concentration-dependent parameters through detailed discharge curve analysis.The results show that the data-driven method can effectively obtain the change trend of concentration-dependent parameters through the charge and discharge curve,and the method can be extended to different battery systems in different discharge rates and aging applications.This work is expected to provide new parameter selection insights for data-driven battery prediction and monitoring models.
文摘Based on the Boltzmann’s superposition principles of linear viscoelastic materials and the von K*-rm*-n’s hypotheses of thin plates with large deflections, a mathematical model for quasi-static problems of viscoelastic thin plates was given. By the Galerkin method in spatial domain, the original integro-partial-differential system could be transformed into an integral system. The latter further was reduced to a differential system by using the new method for temporal domain presented in this paper. Numerical results show that compared with the ordinary finite difference method, the new method in this paper is simpler to operate and has some advantages, such as, no storage and quicker computational speed etc.
文摘目的:观察弱内向整流相关及花生四烯酸激活的弱内向整流相关双孔钾离子通道(tandem of pore domains in a weak inward rectifying related-tandem of pore domains in a weak inward rectifying related arachidonic acid activated two pore-domain potassium channels, TREK-TRAAK K2P)激活对氧化损伤的人视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelial, RPE)细胞吞噬功能的影响。方法:免疫荧光法检测TREK-1、TREK-2及TRAAK通道蛋白在人RPE细胞的表达,以不同时间和浓度梯度的叔丁基过氧化氢(tertbutyl hydroperoxide, t-BHP)诱导人RPE细胞氧化损伤。分对照组、t-BHP组、利鲁唑加t-BHP组,利鲁唑组,向各组加入2×107/mL的荧光微球或FITC标记猪感光细胞外节膜盘孵育6 h,固定染色后荧光显微镜拍照,Image-Pro Plus 6.0软件分析计算RPE细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数。结果:TREK-1、TREK-2、TREEK通道蛋白亚型在人RPE细胞质中均高表达。人RPE细胞在t-BHP干预后存活率呈浓度和时间依赖性,200μmol/L t-BHP干预6 h与对照组存活率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),400μmol/L t-BHP干预6 h致半数死亡。特异性吞噬指数:t-BHP组低于其他各组(P<0.001),而利鲁唑组高于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。特异性吞噬率:t-BHP组低于其他各组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。非特异性吞噬指数:t-BHP组低于其他各组(P<0.001);非特异性吞噬率:t-BHP组低于利鲁唑加t-BHP组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两两比较,仅利鲁唑组高于t-BHP组(P<0.05)。结论:激活TREK-TRAAK K2P通道可保护氧化损伤人RPE细胞的吞噬功能。
