Let D = (V, E) be a primitive digraph. The vertex exponent of D at a vertex v∈ V, denoted by expD(v), is the least integer p such that there is a v →u walk of length p for each u ∈ V. Following Brualdi and Liu,...Let D = (V, E) be a primitive digraph. The vertex exponent of D at a vertex v∈ V, denoted by expD(v), is the least integer p such that there is a v →u walk of length p for each u ∈ V. Following Brualdi and Liu, we order the vertices of D so that exPD(V1) ≤ exPD(V2) …≤ exPD(Vn). Then exPD(Vk) is called the k- point exponent of D and is denoted by exPD (k), 1≤ k ≤ n. In this paper we define e(n, k) := max{expD (k) | D ∈ PD(n, 2)} and E(n, k) := {exPD(k)| D ∈ PD(n, 2)}, where PD(n, 2) is the set of all primitive digraphs of order n with girth 2. We completely determine e(n, k) and E(n, k) for all n, k with n ≥ 3 and 1 ≤ k ≤ n.展开更多
针对目前城市道路场景中行道树提取方法需要设置的参数较多以及树冠点云相互重叠难以精确分割的问题,文章采用一种行道树提取与单株木分割算法。首先通过布料滤波算法从原始点云中移除地面点,并利用半径滤波滤除离群点,去除地面点和噪...针对目前城市道路场景中行道树提取方法需要设置的参数较多以及树冠点云相互重叠难以精确分割的问题,文章采用一种行道树提取与单株木分割算法。首先通过布料滤波算法从原始点云中移除地面点,并利用半径滤波滤除离群点,去除地面点和噪声点对行道树提取的影响;然后通过增加PointNet++网络的点集抽象模块(set abstraction,SA)提高模型特征提取能力,使模型更适用于行道树点云的提取,并利用改进后的网络从原始点云中提取行道树点云;最后结合密度聚类算法(density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)与K-Means算法对相互重叠的行道树点云进行分割,得到单株木信息。为验证该方法的有效性,以北京永昌路道路数据集进行训练测试。结果表明:改进后模型的行道树点云平均提取精度和交并比(intersection over union,IoU)分别提高了9.2%和15.1%,达到了94.5%、0.916;单木分割平均精度达到了91.3%。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10771061,No.10771058)SRF of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.07C267).
文摘Let D = (V, E) be a primitive digraph. The vertex exponent of D at a vertex v∈ V, denoted by expD(v), is the least integer p such that there is a v →u walk of length p for each u ∈ V. Following Brualdi and Liu, we order the vertices of D so that exPD(V1) ≤ exPD(V2) …≤ exPD(Vn). Then exPD(Vk) is called the k- point exponent of D and is denoted by exPD (k), 1≤ k ≤ n. In this paper we define e(n, k) := max{expD (k) | D ∈ PD(n, 2)} and E(n, k) := {exPD(k)| D ∈ PD(n, 2)}, where PD(n, 2) is the set of all primitive digraphs of order n with girth 2. We completely determine e(n, k) and E(n, k) for all n, k with n ≥ 3 and 1 ≤ k ≤ n.
文摘针对目前城市道路场景中行道树提取方法需要设置的参数较多以及树冠点云相互重叠难以精确分割的问题,文章采用一种行道树提取与单株木分割算法。首先通过布料滤波算法从原始点云中移除地面点,并利用半径滤波滤除离群点,去除地面点和噪声点对行道树提取的影响;然后通过增加PointNet++网络的点集抽象模块(set abstraction,SA)提高模型特征提取能力,使模型更适用于行道树点云的提取,并利用改进后的网络从原始点云中提取行道树点云;最后结合密度聚类算法(density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)与K-Means算法对相互重叠的行道树点云进行分割,得到单株木信息。为验证该方法的有效性,以北京永昌路道路数据集进行训练测试。结果表明:改进后模型的行道树点云平均提取精度和交并比(intersection over union,IoU)分别提高了9.2%和15.1%,达到了94.5%、0.916;单木分割平均精度达到了91.3%。