The free shrinkage of ceramic or metal is restricted due to solidification of the solder. Hence the shrinkage stress arises and the jointing strength is reduced during the brazing of high-voltage vacuum interrupters ...The free shrinkage of ceramic or metal is restricted due to solidification of the solder. Hence the shrinkage stress arises and the jointing strength is reduced during the brazing of high-voltage vacuum interrupters （HVVIs）. The solder bound contour was gained by solved energy bound equation. The finite element model of weld beads was established with Surface Evolver software. Then the stress in two different cooling techniques （ natural cooling and force cooling） was calculated with ANSYS. Comparing the stress, a better cooling technique was selected for HVVIs. Its cooling time is shortened by 3 hours while the jointing stress doesn＇ t increase and the tensile strength of ceramic to metal seal is not decreased. The stress-rupture tests have validated the calculated results. More important, a method is found, by which the brazing technique could be improved in advance instead of blind experiments.展开更多
Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA...Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA-induced joint pain is characterized as a deep tissue pain that potentially involves distinct subgroups of peripheral sensory neurons and central processing mechanisms.Furthermore,KOA pain is closely related to locomotion activity.Impaired sensorimotor integration and pain mutually reinforce each other in KOA,forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates disease progression.In this review,we highlight the key differences between KOA pain and cutaneous pain,and the latter has been extensively studied in the pain field.We hope to offer new insights into the central mechanisms and development of new treatment strategies for KOA based on the interactions between impaired sensorimotor integration and chronic joint pain.展开更多
Intermittent joints are common in rock masses and are subjected to cyclic shear loads from seismic events,environmental factors,and human activities.In this study,we conducted cyclic shear tests to investigate the eff...Intermittent joints are common in rock masses and are subjected to cyclic shear loads from seismic events,environmental factors,and human activities.In this study,we conducted cyclic shear tests to investigate the effect of joint geometry(persistence,overlap,and spacing)on the cyclic shear behavior of intermittent joints under constant normal stiffness conditions.Our results revealed step‐path failure surfaces comprising tensile and shear failure surfaces.Shear failure surface controlled the degradation of shear properties,with shear strength decreasing progressively with cycles,ranging from 74.07%to 97.94%.Intermittent joints exhibited significant compressibility,with dilation predominant in early cycles and compression in later ones.Shear strength and dilation were more sensitive to joint persistence and spacing than overlap.Friction coefficients showed nonmonotonic variations with cycle number.High persistence,moderate overlap,and small spacing were identified as the most destabilizing combination.These findings offer valuable insights for stability assessment and deformation characterization in deep rock engineering.展开更多
The IUGG Associations for Atmosphere,Oceans and Cryosphere—IAMAS,IAPSO and IACS—held a Joint Scientific Assembly in Busan,South Korea,from 20 to 25 July 2025.This was the first joint assembly of all three associatio...The IUGG Associations for Atmosphere,Oceans and Cryosphere—IAMAS,IAPSO and IACS—held a Joint Scientific Assembly in Busan,South Korea,from 20 to 25 July 2025.This was the first joint assembly of all three associations since 2009,when they met in Montreal,Canada.It was the first time any of the associations had been hosted in Korea,and it had been two decades since any of them had met in Asia.The choice of Busan as the venue supported high levels of participation and smooth conference operations.The Local Organizing Committee,chaired by Prof.Kyung-Ja Ha of Pusan National University,oversaw the successful organization of the event.The assembly brought together 1725 participants in total,including 1282 researchers and 443 invited participants and individuals involved in side events,exhibitions,media coverage,and volunteer work.Participants came from 46 countries across Asia,Europe,North America,South America,Africa,and Oceania.IAMAS had 736 participants,IAPSO 321,and IACS 225.Survey data from 951 respondents revealed that Early Career Scientists,defined as those within 10 years of receiving their PhD,accounted for approximately 25%of participants.The demographic profile skewed young,with 66%of attendees in their 20s and 30s.The scientific program was organized by Prof.Seon-Ki Park(Chair),the Secretaries General from all three Associations,and the Local Organizing Committee.Reflecting the theme“Our Interconnected Earth,”the scientific program emphasized integrated approaches to climate systems,addressing climate change and environmental challenges through collaborative,transdisciplinary research.展开更多
Background Evidence on pre-operative physical activity before hip and knee arthroplasty is limited and heterogeneous.Intervention components and behavior change techniques remain underexplored.This review examined the...Background Evidence on pre-operative physical activity before hip and knee arthroplasty is limited and heterogeneous.Intervention components and behavior change techniques remain underexplored.This review examined the effectiveness of pre-operative physical activity interventions on patient and surgical outcomes in elective hip and knee arthroplasty up to 12 weeks post-surgery.Methods A systematic search of 8 databases up to August 8,2024 identified randomized controlled trials of physical activity interventions before total hip and knee arthroplasty.Quality of evidence was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation framework.Random-effects models were used for meta-analyses.The Template for Intervention Description and Replication(TIDieR)was used for detailing the included interventions.Results Forty trials were included.Significant mean differences in favor of the intervention groups were found at pre-and post-surgery in 4 outcomes:health-related quality of life(Knee pre-surgery standardized mean difference(SMD)=−0.5,95%confidence interval(95%CI):−1.0 to−0.1 and Hip and Knee post-surgery SMD=−0.4,95%CI:−0.6 to−0.1),pain(Hip and Knee pre-surgery SMD=−0.4,95%CI:−0.6 to−0.1 and Knee post-surgery SMD=−0.3,95%CI:−0.6 to−0.1),function(Hip and Knee pre-surgery SMD=−0.5,95%CI:−0.8 to−0.2 and Knee post-surgery SMD=−0.6,95%CI:−1.0 to−0.2),and timed-up-and-go(Hip and Knee MD=−1.2 s,95%CI:−2.0 to−0.3 and Hip and Knee MD=−1.3 s,95%CI:−1.7 to−0.8).Half of the interventions reported over 75%of the TIDieR items,while behavior change techniques reporting was limited.Conclusion Pre-operative exercise improves health-related quality of life,pain,and function pre-and post-surgery in elective hip and knee arthroplasty.Standardized reporting is needed for establishing effective intervention components.展开更多
The structural principles of traditional Chinese mortise-and-tenon joints have inspired breakthroughs in supramolecular engineering.Nevertheless,substantial challenges remain in constructing nanoscale supramolecular a...The structural principles of traditional Chinese mortise-and-tenon joints have inspired breakthroughs in supramolecular engineering.Nevertheless,substantial challenges remain in constructing nanoscale supramolecular architectures with precisely controlled giant dimensions.Herein,we report a precision-guided synthetic strategy for constructing giant 2D and 3D supramolecular architectures with rhomboidal motifs,which was achieved through a dovetail joint strategy.Initial assembly of bis-mortise ligand L1 with dovetail tenon ligand L2 in the presence of Cd^(2+)ions yielded the fundamental bis-rhombic supramolecule R1.Subsequent structural elaboration of the dovetail tenon motif enabled the development of multitopic ligands L3 and L4,which facilitated the construction of expanded architectures of the giant bis-propeller supramolecule R2 and tris-propeller supramolecule R3.The synthesized supramolecules R1-R3 were fully characterized multidimensional NMR spectroscopy,electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(ESI-MS),traveling wave ion mobility mass spectrometry(TWIM-MS),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and atomic force microscopy(AFM).This work develops an innovative dovetail-joint assembly strategy for constructing rigid giant supramolecular architectures,establishing a new paradigm for precision engineering of complex 3D molecular systems.展开更多
BACKGROUND Tuberculous osteitis is a chronic,granulomatous bone infection that frequently results in impaired bone healing following surgery.Despite surgical intervention and prolonged anti-tuberculous therapy,complet...BACKGROUND Tuberculous osteitis is a chronic,granulomatous bone infection that frequently results in impaired bone healing following surgery.Despite surgical intervention and prolonged anti-tuberculous therapy,complete bone regeneration often remains unachieved,contributing to subsequent orthopedic complications.AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of pamidronate in promoting bone regeneration following surgical treatment of experimental animal tuberculous osteitis.METHODS A controlled randomized basic study of rabbit femoral tuberculosis induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv included surgical removal of infected tissue and implantation of osteoinductive bone grafts with the following animal allocation to one of three groups:(1)Bisphosphonates alone;(2)Bisphosphonates combined with anti-tuberculous therapy;and(3)Anti-tuberculous therapy alone.The control group consisted of animals that received no surgical or medical treatment.Clinical evaluations,biochemical markers,micro-computed tomography imaging,and histomorphometry analyses were conducted at 3 months and 6 months postoperatively.RESULTS Pamidronate treatment significantly reduced early implant resorption,increased osteoblastic activity,improved trabecular bone regeneration,and maintained graft integrity compared to the anti-tuberculous therapy-only group.Histologically,pamidronate led to enhanced vascular remodeling and increased bone matrix formation.Crucially,bisphosphonate therapy demonstrated safety,compatibility with anti-tuberculous medications,and did not exacerbate tuberculous inflammation.Furthermore,micro-computed tomography analysis revealed a significant increase in trabecular thickness and density in pamidronate-treated groups,underscoring the anabolic effects of bisphosphonates.Morphometric evaluation confirmed a marked reduction in osteoclast number and activity at graft interfaces.These combined radiological,histological,and biochemical data collectively demonstrate the efficacy of pamidronate as an adjunctive agent in enhancing bone repair outcomes following surgical intervention for tuberculous osteitis.CONCLUSION A single intravenous dose of pamidronate significantly enhances bone regeneration and prevents implant resorption following surgical treatment of tuberculous osteitis.The following prospective studies are needed.展开更多
Adhesively bonded joints are widely used in modern lightweight structures due to their high strengthto-weight ratio and design flexibility.However,the reliable non-destructive evaluation of bond integrity remains a si...Adhesively bonded joints are widely used in modern lightweight structures due to their high strengthto-weight ratio and design flexibility.However,the reliable non-destructive evaluation of bond integrity remains a significant challenge.This study presents a numerical investigation of adhesively bonded joints with different adhesive properties using ultrasonic guided waves.The main focus of the investigation is to evaluate the feasibility of using guided waves to assess bond integrity,particularly for detecting challenging weak bonds.For this purpose,a theoretical analysis of dispersion curves was conducted,revealing that the S0 Lamb wave mode is significantly sensitive to variations in adhesive properties in the 300-700 kHz frequency range.Finite element modelling was used to analyse the propagation of guided waves in two scenarios:an adhesively bonded aluminum structure and a more complex configuration-adhesively bonded lap joints.The Short-Time Fourier Transform(STFT)was used to process the obtained results and determine the group velocities of guided waves.By analysing the group velocity characteristics,their dependence on the adhesive properties was identified.In the first scenario,a clear separation of S0 modes from A0 modes was observed in the STFT analysis,with a decrease in group velocity as adhesive stiffness increased.For the more complex lap joint scenario,the separation between A0 and S0 modes was less distinct.However,the analysis of the average group velocity shows a dependence of average group velocity on adhesive properties.This is similar to the first scenario.There is a decrease in average group velocity as adhesive stiffness increases.The results obtained demonstrate that guided wavebased methods have a high potential for non-destructive evaluation of adhesively bonded structures,including the detection of weak bonds.展开更多
With the intensification of population aging,knee and hip joint replacement surgeries have become core methods for treating end-stage joint diseases,with over a million cases performed globally each year.Postoperative...With the intensification of population aging,knee and hip joint replacement surgeries have become core methods for treating end-stage joint diseases,with over a million cases performed globally each year.Postoperative rehabilitation nursing,as a crucial aspect of enhancing surgical outcomes,reducing complications,and facilitating patients’return to normal life,has its scientific and effective protocols directly influencing patient prognosis.This article systematically reviews the core research findings on rehabilitation nursing after joint replacement surgery based on the concept of evidence-based medicine,aiming to provide references for the formulation of standardized and personalized rehabilitation nursing plans in clinical settings.展开更多
Dikes are widely distributed in volcanic outcrops and volcanic basins around the world.The pores and fractures in these dikes control the fluid-rock interactions and fluid flow.The quantitative reservoir characteristi...Dikes are widely distributed in volcanic outcrops and volcanic basins around the world.The pores and fractures in these dikes control the fluid-rock interactions and fluid flow.The quantitative reservoir characteristics of dikes with primary vesicles remain unclear.In this manuscript,the Miocene hypabyssal dikes in Lyttelton Volcano,Christchurch,New Zealand,are taken as an example.The porosity content,porosity,permeability,and reservoir controlling factors are analyzed through field outcrop surveys,porosity-permeability testing,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)testing,X-ray-computed tomography(X-CT)scanning,and permeability calculations.The results show that the types of reservoir spaces in the hypabyssal dikes in Lyttelton Volcano are mainly vesicles,followed by cooling and shrinkage fractures(especially columnar joints).They are a pore-fracture type reservoir.There were two types of vesicles,namely,pipe-like-elliptical directionally oriented vesicles with large diameters and discrete circular vesicles with small diameters.The surface porosity of the former was 58.4%–96.0%,with a geometric mean of 78.9%.The columnar joints can be classified into regular and irregular joints.The irregular joints have a higher fracture intensity.The geometric means of the porosity and permeability of the joints are 22.34%and 0.09×10^(-15)m^(2),respectively.The shapes of the NMR T_(2)spectra are bimodal,trimodal,and unimodal in descending order of abundance.This means that the pore diameter is large.The X-CT results indicate that there are four types of pore-throat connectivity modes:macro-pores and macro-throats,macro-pores and micro-throats,micro-pores and micro-throats,and micro-pores and macrothroats.The columnar joints are the main cause of the high permeability of the dikes,and the side amount and side length of the columnar joints control the dikes'permeability.The pores can be connected by the columnar joints,and their connectivity is controlled by the side amount,side length,and side azimuth of the columnar joint.The initial connectivity ratio of the vesicles in the dikes in Lyttelton Volcano was up to 47.6%based on the surface porosity.In conclusion,the shallow dikes with primary pores and fractures have a good reservoir quality and fluid migration capacity,and fluid flow studies of volcanic strata should pay attention to the important influence of the primary porosity and permeability of dikes.展开更多
The negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)bolt is an innovative support element distinguished by its high strength,elongation,and a slightly negative Poisson’s ratio.Unlike conventional prestressed(PR)bolts with a positive P...The negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)bolt is an innovative support element distinguished by its high strength,elongation,and a slightly negative Poisson’s ratio.Unlike conventional prestressed(PR)bolts with a positive Poisson’s ratio,the NPR bolt exhibits a quasi-ideal plastic response without a prominent yield platform,enabling it to sustain high prestress with a substantial safety margin,which is particularly advantageous for jointed rock masses.However,investigations into the shear resistance mechanisms of NPR bolts under varying prestress levels remain limited.This study conducted full-scale double shear tests to assess the shear strength,deformation behavior,energy absorption,and failure mechanisms of NPR bolts under different prestress conditions.To ensure a fair comparison with PR bolts,a prestress utilization coefficient(PUC)was introduced.The results reveal that at a PUC of 0.25,the NPR bolt achieved peak axial force,shear displacement,and peak shear force values that are 2.41,1.88,and 2.13 times greater than those of the PR bolt,respectively.Shear performance was optimized at a prestress level of 100 kN,with energy absorption reaching 47.1 kJ,which is 2.8 times that of the PR bolt.Furthermore,the necking ratio was significantly reduced,indicating more distributed plastic deformation and delayed failure.Field applications verified the superior performance,resulting in a 27.4%reduction in roof settlement and enhanced structural integrity.These findings confirm that NPR bolts possess excellent shear resistance,energy absorption,and deformation adaptability,and optimizing prestress significantly enhances their support performance,providing a strong basis for geotechnical engineering applications.展开更多
The purpose is to explore the effects of Exercise rehabilitation(ER)on bone mineral density(BMD)of the knee,muscle strength(MS),and physical function(PF)after ACL rupture.Finally,A total of 58 patients were randomized...The purpose is to explore the effects of Exercise rehabilitation(ER)on bone mineral density(BMD)of the knee,muscle strength(MS),and physical function(PF)after ACL rupture.Finally,A total of 58 patients were randomized into 2 groups(Control Group[CON]:conventional treatment,male=16,female=13,age=[31.63±8.01]years;Exercise rehabilitation group[ER]:6-week ER on CON basis,male=17,female=12,age=[31.26±7.07]years).At baseline and 6 weeks,the knee BMD was measured using DEXA,MS and PF measures were recorded by isokinetic strength test,IKDC,Lysholm,and VAS score.T-tests,analysis of variance(ANOVA),and Mann-Whitney tests were used for comparisons.The BMD outcomes:after a 6-week period,the BMD of the CON([1.47±0.24]g·cm^(-2))was significantly lower than that of the ER([1.65±0.37]g·cm^(-2))at lateral condyle of femur(LCF)(p=0.041).MS outcomes:at 6 weeks,the relative peak torque(RPT)of the quadriceps and hamstrings during concentric contractions in ER group were significantly higher than that in CON group(p<0.001,p=0.017).Similarly,during eccentric contractions in ER group,the RPT of the quadriceps and the H/Q ratio revealed significant variations from the CON group(p=0.033,p=0.043).PF outcomes:the IKDC,Lysholm,and VAS scores of the ER group were significantly improved compared to the CON group(p<0.001,p<0.001,p=0.002).The conclusion is that 6 weeks of ER intervention for patients with ACL rupture can effectively delay the decline of BMD in the LCF of the knee joint,and enhance the restoration of MS and PF.This provides guidance for clinical rehabilitation.展开更多
Prefabricated buildings have developed rapidly due to their advantages in energy efficiency,environmental protection,and high construction efficiency,which have greatly promoted the advancements of connection technolo...Prefabricated buildings have developed rapidly due to their advantages in energy efficiency,environmental protection,and high construction efficiency,which have greatly promoted the advancements of connection technology and the mechanical properties of prefabricated hollow panels.This study proposes a new optimization scheme for prefabricated wall structures using transversely arranged prefabricated hollow plates and develops a new joint connection.First,the constitutive relations are experimentally validated to establish an accurate finite element analysis model;Then the equal-size specimens are compared with the control specimens without node connections;Finally,the effects of axial compression ratio,aspect ratio,and channel steel plate thickness on the seismic performance of the wall are discussed.The experimental results demonstrate that this joint connection can significantly enhance the mechanical performance of walls.The influence of the axial compression ratio and the aspect ratio on the seismic performance of walls is significant,necessitating strict compliance with code specifications.Excessive thickness of the steel plate may negatively impact the structural bearing capacity,providing a technical reference for further investigation.展开更多
Drilling and blasting in layered rock masses faces significant challenges,as pre-existing joints cause unbalanced energy distribution,leading to poor forming effects and severe over-excavation.However,a comprehensive ...Drilling and blasting in layered rock masses faces significant challenges,as pre-existing joints cause unbalanced energy distribution,leading to poor forming effects and severe over-excavation.However,a comprehensive understanding of the complex coupling mechanisms between key joint parameters and the in-situ stress field on the final blasting outcome is still lacking.The model tests are used to quantitatively analyze the macroscopic crushing characteristics and crack propagation velocity.The numerical simulation then reveals the underlying mechanisms of stress wave propagation and energy partitioning,which are validated against the experimental results.The results indicate that the joints and the in-situ stress field play distinct,competitive roles in the blasting outcome.First,the joints control the anisotropy of the damage:crack propagation is primarily guided along the joint direction(the channel effect),and the apparent crack velocity exhibits a V-shaped trend with the joint inclination angle(0°-90°).Second,the in-situ stress state controls the overall extent of the damage:Increased confining pressure(both equal and unequal)inhibits crack propagation by increasing the failure threshold of the rock mass.Mechanistically,while this locking effect enhances stress wave transmission(i.e.,reduces the locking effect),this is secondary to the dominant inhibitory effect of the increased overall rock mass strength.The primary contribution of this study is the identification of this dual control mechanism,revealing that the final blasting effect is a non-linear competition between the joint's structural guidance and the dominant strengthening effect from the in-situ stress field,which clarifies the complex energy partitioning mechanisms at the blast source.展开更多
The transformation of the dissimilar metals in the welding area into a single metal is an important method for achieving high-quality welded connection in the dissimilar metal laminated composite plate.In this study,a...The transformation of the dissimilar metals in the welding area into a single metal is an important method for achieving high-quality welded connection in the dissimilar metal laminated composite plate.In this study,a high-performance titanium/steel composite plate(TSCP)with pure titaniumization in the welding area was prepared by cold spraying,hot rolling and heat treatment processes.The results indicate that cold spraying achieves effective pre-composite deposition of titanium particles while inhibiting interfacial oxidation and Fe-Ti alloying reactions,producing a relatively dense pure titanium coating with a low porosity of only 1.2%.Hot rolling eliminates internal defects and promotes strong metallurgical bonding of the composite interface.The heat treatment promotes the recrystallization and reduces the dislocation density within the coating.The interfacial bonding strength of the welding area with pure titaniumization of TSCP is 257 MPa,and the tensile strength of that is 414 MPa,reaching 95.6%of the TSCP’s base material.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the clinical effects of implementing structured phased rehabilitation training,in addition to conventional rehabilitation,on shoulder joint function and pain alleviation in patients with rot...[Objectives]To investigate the clinical effects of implementing structured phased rehabilitation training,in addition to conventional rehabilitation,on shoulder joint function and pain alleviation in patients with rotator cuff injuries managed conservatively.[Methods]Eighty patients diagnosed with rotator cuff injury were selected and randomly assigned to either the control group or the experimental group,each comprising 40 individuals.The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment,whereas the experimental group underwent phased rehabilitation training in addition to the conventional treatment for 6 weeks.Assessments were conducted prior to treatment,6 weeks following treatment,and 8 weeks after the completion of treatment(follow-up period).The visual analogue scale(VAS)was employed to evaluate pain intensity,the Constant-Murley score was utilized to assess shoulder joint function,and the shoulder joint range of motion was measured.[Results]Prior to treatment,no statistically significant differences were observed between the two patient groups across all measured indicators(P>0.05).Following 6 weeks of treatment and throughout the follow-up period,both groups exhibited significant reductions in VAS scores compared to baseline measurements,alongside improvements in Constant-Murley scores and shoulder joint range of motion(P<0.05).Furthermore,the magnitude of improvement in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Phased rehabilitation training can enhance shoulder joint function and alleviate pain in patients with rotator cuff injuries beyond the effects of conventional rehabilitation treatment,demonstrating notable clinical application value.展开更多
To address the issues of poor adaptability in resource allocation and low multi-agent cooperation efficiency in Joint Radar and Communication(JRC)systems under dynamic environments,an intelligent optimization framewor...To address the issues of poor adaptability in resource allocation and low multi-agent cooperation efficiency in Joint Radar and Communication(JRC)systems under dynamic environments,an intelligent optimization framework integrating Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)and Graph Neural Network(GNN)is proposed.This framework models resource allocation as a Partially Observable Markov Game(POMG),designs a weighted reward function to balance radar and communication efficiencies,adopts the Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization(MAPPO)framework,and integrates Graph Convolutional Networks(GCN)and Graph Sample and Aggregate(Graph-SAGE)to optimize information interaction.Simulations show that,compared with traditional methods and pure DRL methods,the proposed framework achieves improvements in performance metrics such as communication success rate,Average Age of Information(AoI),and policy convergence speed,effectively enabling resource management in complex environments.Moreover,the proposed GNN-DRL-based intelligent optimization framework obtains significantly better performance for resource management in multi-agent JRC systems than traditional methods and pure DRL methods.展开更多
Rock mass stability is significantly influenced by the heterogeneity of rock joint roughness and shear strength.While modern technology facilitates assessing roughness heterogeneity,evaluating shear strength heterogen...Rock mass stability is significantly influenced by the heterogeneity of rock joint roughness and shear strength.While modern technology facilitates assessing roughness heterogeneity,evaluating shear strength heterogeneity remains challenging.To address this,this study first captures the morphology of large-scale(1000 mm × 1000 mm) slate and granite joints via 3D laser scanning.Analysis of these surfaces and corresponding push/pull tests on carved specimens revealed a potential correlation between the heterogeneity of roughness and shear strength.A comparative evaluation of five statistical metrics identified information entropy(Hs) as the most robust indicator for quantifying rock joint heterogeneity.Further analysis using Hsreveals that the heterogeneity is anisotropic and,critically,that shear strength heterogeneity is governed not only by roughness heterogeneity but is also significantly influenced by the mean roughness value,normal stress,and intact rock tensile strength.Consequently,a simple comparison of roughness Hsvalues is insufficient for reliably comparing shear strength heterogeneity.To overcome this limitation,a theoretical framework is developed to explicitly map fundamental roughness statistics(mean and heterogeneity) to shear strength heterogeneity.This framework culminates in a practical workflow that allows for the rapid,field-based assessment of shear strength heterogeneity using readily obtainable rock joint roughness data.展开更多
The widespread use of herbicides such as glyphosate isopropyl amine salt(GIS)and atrazine(ATZ)poses significant risks to aquatic ecosystems.This study investigated the single and joint acute toxicity of a 1:1 GIS-ATZ ...The widespread use of herbicides such as glyphosate isopropyl amine salt(GIS)and atrazine(ATZ)poses significant risks to aquatic ecosystems.This study investigated the single and joint acute toxicity of a 1:1 GIS-ATZ mixture on zebrafish(Danio rerio).Acute tests determined 96-h LC_(50) values of 123.41 mg/L for GIS and 103.95 mg/L for ATZ.In the joint toxicity test,these values decreased to 60.96 and 50.88 mg/L,respectively.The Additive Index(AI)analysis revealed a consistent synergistic interaction between the herbicides at all exposure intervals.These findings underscore the enhanced ecological threat of herbicide mixtures and highlight the necessity of considering joint effects in environmental risk assessments.展开更多
To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework ba...To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework based on face-pedestrian joint feature modeling.By constructing a joint tracking model centered on“intra-class independent tracking+cross-category dynamic binding”,designing a multi-modal matching metric with spatio-temporal and appearance constraints,and innovatively introducing a cross-category feature mutual verification mechanism and a dual matching strategy,this work effectively resolves performance degradation in traditional single-category tracking methods caused by short-term occlusion,cross-camera tracking,and crowded environments.Experiments on the Chokepoint_Face_Pedestrian_Track test set demonstrate that in complex scenes,the proposed method improves Face-Pedestrian Matching F1 area under the curve(F1 AUC)by approximately 4 to 43 percentage points compared to several traditional methods.The joint tracking model achieves overall performance metrics of IDF1:85.1825%and MOTA:86.5956%,representing improvements of 0.91 and 0.06 percentage points,respectively,over the baseline model.Ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of key modules such as the Intersection over Area(IoA)/Intersection over Union(IoU)joint metric and dynamic threshold adjustment,validating the significant role of the cross-category identity matching mechanism in enhancing tracking stability.Our_model shows a 16.7%frame per second(FPS)drop vs.fairness of detection and re-identification in multiple object tracking(FairMOT),with its cross-category binding module adding aboute 10%overhead,yet maintains near-real-time performance for essential face-pedestrian tracking at small resolutions.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50377003).
文摘The free shrinkage of ceramic or metal is restricted due to solidification of the solder. Hence the shrinkage stress arises and the jointing strength is reduced during the brazing of high-voltage vacuum interrupters （HVVIs）. The solder bound contour was gained by solved energy bound equation. The finite element model of weld beads was established with Surface Evolver software. Then the stress in two different cooling techniques （ natural cooling and force cooling） was calculated with ANSYS. Comparing the stress, a better cooling technique was selected for HVVIs. Its cooling time is shortened by 3 hours while the jointing stress doesn＇ t increase and the tensile strength of ceramic to metal seal is not decreased. The stress-rupture tests have validated the calculated results. More important, a method is found, by which the brazing technique could be improved in advance instead of blind experiments.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(No.F252065)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271190,32571323)the STI 2030 Major Project(No.2021ZD0203202)。
文摘Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA-induced joint pain is characterized as a deep tissue pain that potentially involves distinct subgroups of peripheral sensory neurons and central processing mechanisms.Furthermore,KOA pain is closely related to locomotion activity.Impaired sensorimotor integration and pain mutually reinforce each other in KOA,forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates disease progression.In this review,we highlight the key differences between KOA pain and cutaneous pain,and the latter has been extensively studied in the pain field.We hope to offer new insights into the central mechanisms and development of new treatment strategies for KOA based on the interactions between impaired sensorimotor integration and chronic joint pain.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:42172292Shandong Energy Group,Grant/Award Number:SNKJ2022A01-R26Taishan Scholars Project Special Funding。
文摘Intermittent joints are common in rock masses and are subjected to cyclic shear loads from seismic events,environmental factors,and human activities.In this study,we conducted cyclic shear tests to investigate the effect of joint geometry(persistence,overlap,and spacing)on the cyclic shear behavior of intermittent joints under constant normal stiffness conditions.Our results revealed step‐path failure surfaces comprising tensile and shear failure surfaces.Shear failure surface controlled the degradation of shear properties,with shear strength decreasing progressively with cycles,ranging from 74.07%to 97.94%.Intermittent joints exhibited significant compressibility,with dilation predominant in early cycles and compression in later ones.Shear strength and dilation were more sensitive to joint persistence and spacing than overlap.Friction coefficients showed nonmonotonic variations with cycle number.High persistence,moderate overlap,and small spacing were identified as the most destabilizing combination.These findings offer valuable insights for stability assessment and deformation characterization in deep rock engineering.
基金support from USA NSF(Grant No.OPP2213875)NASA(Grant No.80NSSC22K1707).
文摘The IUGG Associations for Atmosphere,Oceans and Cryosphere—IAMAS,IAPSO and IACS—held a Joint Scientific Assembly in Busan,South Korea,from 20 to 25 July 2025.This was the first joint assembly of all three associations since 2009,when they met in Montreal,Canada.It was the first time any of the associations had been hosted in Korea,and it had been two decades since any of them had met in Asia.The choice of Busan as the venue supported high levels of participation and smooth conference operations.The Local Organizing Committee,chaired by Prof.Kyung-Ja Ha of Pusan National University,oversaw the successful organization of the event.The assembly brought together 1725 participants in total,including 1282 researchers and 443 invited participants and individuals involved in side events,exhibitions,media coverage,and volunteer work.Participants came from 46 countries across Asia,Europe,North America,South America,Africa,and Oceania.IAMAS had 736 participants,IAPSO 321,and IACS 225.Survey data from 951 respondents revealed that Early Career Scientists,defined as those within 10 years of receiving their PhD,accounted for approximately 25%of participants.The demographic profile skewed young,with 66%of attendees in their 20s and 30s.The scientific program was organized by Prof.Seon-Ki Park(Chair),the Secretaries General from all three Associations,and the Local Organizing Committee.Reflecting the theme“Our Interconnected Earth,”the scientific program emphasized integrated approaches to climate systems,addressing climate change and environmental challenges through collaborative,transdisciplinary research.
文摘Background Evidence on pre-operative physical activity before hip and knee arthroplasty is limited and heterogeneous.Intervention components and behavior change techniques remain underexplored.This review examined the effectiveness of pre-operative physical activity interventions on patient and surgical outcomes in elective hip and knee arthroplasty up to 12 weeks post-surgery.Methods A systematic search of 8 databases up to August 8,2024 identified randomized controlled trials of physical activity interventions before total hip and knee arthroplasty.Quality of evidence was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation framework.Random-effects models were used for meta-analyses.The Template for Intervention Description and Replication(TIDieR)was used for detailing the included interventions.Results Forty trials were included.Significant mean differences in favor of the intervention groups were found at pre-and post-surgery in 4 outcomes:health-related quality of life(Knee pre-surgery standardized mean difference(SMD)=−0.5,95%confidence interval(95%CI):−1.0 to−0.1 and Hip and Knee post-surgery SMD=−0.4,95%CI:−0.6 to−0.1),pain(Hip and Knee pre-surgery SMD=−0.4,95%CI:−0.6 to−0.1 and Knee post-surgery SMD=−0.3,95%CI:−0.6 to−0.1),function(Hip and Knee pre-surgery SMD=−0.5,95%CI:−0.8 to−0.2 and Knee post-surgery SMD=−0.6,95%CI:−1.0 to−0.2),and timed-up-and-go(Hip and Knee MD=−1.2 s,95%CI:−2.0 to−0.3 and Hip and Knee MD=−1.3 s,95%CI:−1.7 to−0.8).Half of the interventions reported over 75%of the TIDieR items,while behavior change techniques reporting was limited.Conclusion Pre-operative exercise improves health-related quality of life,pain,and function pre-and post-surgery in elective hip and knee arthroplasty.Standardized reporting is needed for establishing effective intervention components.
基金supported by the Hunan Science and Technology Innovation Plan(No.2024RC3015)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22501053)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program(Nos.2022YFC3900902 and 2024YFC3907900)Major Science and Technology Projects of Yunnan Province(No.202302AB080016).
文摘The structural principles of traditional Chinese mortise-and-tenon joints have inspired breakthroughs in supramolecular engineering.Nevertheless,substantial challenges remain in constructing nanoscale supramolecular architectures with precisely controlled giant dimensions.Herein,we report a precision-guided synthetic strategy for constructing giant 2D and 3D supramolecular architectures with rhomboidal motifs,which was achieved through a dovetail joint strategy.Initial assembly of bis-mortise ligand L1 with dovetail tenon ligand L2 in the presence of Cd^(2+)ions yielded the fundamental bis-rhombic supramolecule R1.Subsequent structural elaboration of the dovetail tenon motif enabled the development of multitopic ligands L3 and L4,which facilitated the construction of expanded architectures of the giant bis-propeller supramolecule R2 and tris-propeller supramolecule R3.The synthesized supramolecules R1-R3 were fully characterized multidimensional NMR spectroscopy,electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(ESI-MS),traveling wave ion mobility mass spectrometry(TWIM-MS),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and atomic force microscopy(AFM).This work develops an innovative dovetail-joint assembly strategy for constructing rigid giant supramolecular architectures,establishing a new paradigm for precision engineering of complex 3D molecular systems.
基金Supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant,No.24-15-00185.
文摘BACKGROUND Tuberculous osteitis is a chronic,granulomatous bone infection that frequently results in impaired bone healing following surgery.Despite surgical intervention and prolonged anti-tuberculous therapy,complete bone regeneration often remains unachieved,contributing to subsequent orthopedic complications.AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of pamidronate in promoting bone regeneration following surgical treatment of experimental animal tuberculous osteitis.METHODS A controlled randomized basic study of rabbit femoral tuberculosis induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv included surgical removal of infected tissue and implantation of osteoinductive bone grafts with the following animal allocation to one of three groups:(1)Bisphosphonates alone;(2)Bisphosphonates combined with anti-tuberculous therapy;and(3)Anti-tuberculous therapy alone.The control group consisted of animals that received no surgical or medical treatment.Clinical evaluations,biochemical markers,micro-computed tomography imaging,and histomorphometry analyses were conducted at 3 months and 6 months postoperatively.RESULTS Pamidronate treatment significantly reduced early implant resorption,increased osteoblastic activity,improved trabecular bone regeneration,and maintained graft integrity compared to the anti-tuberculous therapy-only group.Histologically,pamidronate led to enhanced vascular remodeling and increased bone matrix formation.Crucially,bisphosphonate therapy demonstrated safety,compatibility with anti-tuberculous medications,and did not exacerbate tuberculous inflammation.Furthermore,micro-computed tomography analysis revealed a significant increase in trabecular thickness and density in pamidronate-treated groups,underscoring the anabolic effects of bisphosphonates.Morphometric evaluation confirmed a marked reduction in osteoclast number and activity at graft interfaces.These combined radiological,histological,and biochemical data collectively demonstrate the efficacy of pamidronate as an adjunctive agent in enhancing bone repair outcomes following surgical intervention for tuberculous osteitis.CONCLUSION A single intravenous dose of pamidronate significantly enhances bone regeneration and prevents implant resorption following surgical treatment of tuberculous osteitis.The following prospective studies are needed.
基金supported by the Research Council of Lithuania(LMTLT),agreement no.S-MIP-22-5.
文摘Adhesively bonded joints are widely used in modern lightweight structures due to their high strengthto-weight ratio and design flexibility.However,the reliable non-destructive evaluation of bond integrity remains a significant challenge.This study presents a numerical investigation of adhesively bonded joints with different adhesive properties using ultrasonic guided waves.The main focus of the investigation is to evaluate the feasibility of using guided waves to assess bond integrity,particularly for detecting challenging weak bonds.For this purpose,a theoretical analysis of dispersion curves was conducted,revealing that the S0 Lamb wave mode is significantly sensitive to variations in adhesive properties in the 300-700 kHz frequency range.Finite element modelling was used to analyse the propagation of guided waves in two scenarios:an adhesively bonded aluminum structure and a more complex configuration-adhesively bonded lap joints.The Short-Time Fourier Transform(STFT)was used to process the obtained results and determine the group velocities of guided waves.By analysing the group velocity characteristics,their dependence on the adhesive properties was identified.In the first scenario,a clear separation of S0 modes from A0 modes was observed in the STFT analysis,with a decrease in group velocity as adhesive stiffness increased.For the more complex lap joint scenario,the separation between A0 and S0 modes was less distinct.However,the analysis of the average group velocity shows a dependence of average group velocity on adhesive properties.This is similar to the first scenario.There is a decrease in average group velocity as adhesive stiffness increases.The results obtained demonstrate that guided wavebased methods have a high potential for non-destructive evaluation of adhesively bonded structures,including the detection of weak bonds.
文摘With the intensification of population aging,knee and hip joint replacement surgeries have become core methods for treating end-stage joint diseases,with over a million cases performed globally each year.Postoperative rehabilitation nursing,as a crucial aspect of enhancing surgical outcomes,reducing complications,and facilitating patients’return to normal life,has its scientific and effective protocols directly influencing patient prognosis.This article systematically reviews the core research findings on rehabilitation nursing after joint replacement surgery based on the concept of evidence-based medicine,aiming to provide references for the formulation of standardized and personalized rehabilitation nursing plans in clinical settings.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC0605402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41790453)。
文摘Dikes are widely distributed in volcanic outcrops and volcanic basins around the world.The pores and fractures in these dikes control the fluid-rock interactions and fluid flow.The quantitative reservoir characteristics of dikes with primary vesicles remain unclear.In this manuscript,the Miocene hypabyssal dikes in Lyttelton Volcano,Christchurch,New Zealand,are taken as an example.The porosity content,porosity,permeability,and reservoir controlling factors are analyzed through field outcrop surveys,porosity-permeability testing,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)testing,X-ray-computed tomography(X-CT)scanning,and permeability calculations.The results show that the types of reservoir spaces in the hypabyssal dikes in Lyttelton Volcano are mainly vesicles,followed by cooling and shrinkage fractures(especially columnar joints).They are a pore-fracture type reservoir.There were two types of vesicles,namely,pipe-like-elliptical directionally oriented vesicles with large diameters and discrete circular vesicles with small diameters.The surface porosity of the former was 58.4%–96.0%,with a geometric mean of 78.9%.The columnar joints can be classified into regular and irregular joints.The irregular joints have a higher fracture intensity.The geometric means of the porosity and permeability of the joints are 22.34%and 0.09×10^(-15)m^(2),respectively.The shapes of the NMR T_(2)spectra are bimodal,trimodal,and unimodal in descending order of abundance.This means that the pore diameter is large.The X-CT results indicate that there are four types of pore-throat connectivity modes:macro-pores and macro-throats,macro-pores and micro-throats,micro-pores and micro-throats,and micro-pores and macrothroats.The columnar joints are the main cause of the high permeability of the dikes,and the side amount and side length of the columnar joints control the dikes'permeability.The pores can be connected by the columnar joints,and their connectivity is controlled by the side amount,side length,and side azimuth of the columnar joint.The initial connectivity ratio of the vesicles in the dikes in Lyttelton Volcano was up to 47.6%based on the surface porosity.In conclusion,the shallow dikes with primary pores and fractures have a good reservoir quality and fluid migration capacity,and fluid flow studies of volcanic strata should pay attention to the important influence of the primary porosity and permeability of dikes.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering(Grant No.SDGZ2505)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.GZB20250742)the General Program of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2025M773213).
文摘The negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)bolt is an innovative support element distinguished by its high strength,elongation,and a slightly negative Poisson’s ratio.Unlike conventional prestressed(PR)bolts with a positive Poisson’s ratio,the NPR bolt exhibits a quasi-ideal plastic response without a prominent yield platform,enabling it to sustain high prestress with a substantial safety margin,which is particularly advantageous for jointed rock masses.However,investigations into the shear resistance mechanisms of NPR bolts under varying prestress levels remain limited.This study conducted full-scale double shear tests to assess the shear strength,deformation behavior,energy absorption,and failure mechanisms of NPR bolts under different prestress conditions.To ensure a fair comparison with PR bolts,a prestress utilization coefficient(PUC)was introduced.The results reveal that at a PUC of 0.25,the NPR bolt achieved peak axial force,shear displacement,and peak shear force values that are 2.41,1.88,and 2.13 times greater than those of the PR bolt,respectively.Shear performance was optimized at a prestress level of 100 kN,with energy absorption reaching 47.1 kJ,which is 2.8 times that of the PR bolt.Furthermore,the necking ratio was significantly reduced,indicating more distributed plastic deformation and delayed failure.Field applications verified the superior performance,resulting in a 27.4%reduction in roof settlement and enhanced structural integrity.These findings confirm that NPR bolts possess excellent shear resistance,energy absorption,and deformation adaptability,and optimizing prestress significantly enhances their support performance,providing a strong basis for geotechnical engineering applications.
基金provided by the Joint Fund for Regional Innovation and Development(U23A20471)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L242161,L241073,and 7232354)。
文摘The purpose is to explore the effects of Exercise rehabilitation(ER)on bone mineral density(BMD)of the knee,muscle strength(MS),and physical function(PF)after ACL rupture.Finally,A total of 58 patients were randomized into 2 groups(Control Group[CON]:conventional treatment,male=16,female=13,age=[31.63±8.01]years;Exercise rehabilitation group[ER]:6-week ER on CON basis,male=17,female=12,age=[31.26±7.07]years).At baseline and 6 weeks,the knee BMD was measured using DEXA,MS and PF measures were recorded by isokinetic strength test,IKDC,Lysholm,and VAS score.T-tests,analysis of variance(ANOVA),and Mann-Whitney tests were used for comparisons.The BMD outcomes:after a 6-week period,the BMD of the CON([1.47±0.24]g·cm^(-2))was significantly lower than that of the ER([1.65±0.37]g·cm^(-2))at lateral condyle of femur(LCF)(p=0.041).MS outcomes:at 6 weeks,the relative peak torque(RPT)of the quadriceps and hamstrings during concentric contractions in ER group were significantly higher than that in CON group(p<0.001,p=0.017).Similarly,during eccentric contractions in ER group,the RPT of the quadriceps and the H/Q ratio revealed significant variations from the CON group(p=0.033,p=0.043).PF outcomes:the IKDC,Lysholm,and VAS scores of the ER group were significantly improved compared to the CON group(p<0.001,p<0.001,p=0.002).The conclusion is that 6 weeks of ER intervention for patients with ACL rupture can effectively delay the decline of BMD in the LCF of the knee joint,and enhance the restoration of MS and PF.This provides guidance for clinical rehabilitation.
基金supported by Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(24A560002)Science and Technology Tackling Project of Henan Provincial Department of Education(252102320296).
文摘Prefabricated buildings have developed rapidly due to their advantages in energy efficiency,environmental protection,and high construction efficiency,which have greatly promoted the advancements of connection technology and the mechanical properties of prefabricated hollow panels.This study proposes a new optimization scheme for prefabricated wall structures using transversely arranged prefabricated hollow plates and develops a new joint connection.First,the constitutive relations are experimentally validated to establish an accurate finite element analysis model;Then the equal-size specimens are compared with the control specimens without node connections;Finally,the effects of axial compression ratio,aspect ratio,and channel steel plate thickness on the seismic performance of the wall are discussed.The experimental results demonstrate that this joint connection can significantly enhance the mechanical performance of walls.The influence of the axial compression ratio and the aspect ratio on the seismic performance of walls is significant,necessitating strict compliance with code specifications.Excessive thickness of the steel plate may negatively impact the structural bearing capacity,providing a technical reference for further investigation.
基金supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42372331,52204140)State key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control(Shandong University of Science and Technology)(JMDPC202302)+2 种基金the high-level talent cultivation funding program for the"Double First-Class"initiative in safety discipline at Henan Polytechnic University(AQ20250205)the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province(tsqnz20240825)Open Fund of Shandong Engineering Research Center for Mine Gas Disaster Prevention and Control(No.2022-005)。
文摘Drilling and blasting in layered rock masses faces significant challenges,as pre-existing joints cause unbalanced energy distribution,leading to poor forming effects and severe over-excavation.However,a comprehensive understanding of the complex coupling mechanisms between key joint parameters and the in-situ stress field on the final blasting outcome is still lacking.The model tests are used to quantitatively analyze the macroscopic crushing characteristics and crack propagation velocity.The numerical simulation then reveals the underlying mechanisms of stress wave propagation and energy partitioning,which are validated against the experimental results.The results indicate that the joints and the in-situ stress field play distinct,competitive roles in the blasting outcome.First,the joints control the anisotropy of the damage:crack propagation is primarily guided along the joint direction(the channel effect),and the apparent crack velocity exhibits a V-shaped trend with the joint inclination angle(0°-90°).Second,the in-situ stress state controls the overall extent of the damage:Increased confining pressure(both equal and unequal)inhibits crack propagation by increasing the failure threshold of the rock mass.Mechanistically,while this locking effect enhances stress wave transmission(i.e.,reduces the locking effect),this is secondary to the dominant inhibitory effect of the increased overall rock mass strength.The primary contribution of this study is the identification of this dual control mechanism,revealing that the final blasting effect is a non-linear competition between the joint's structural guidance and the dominant strengthening effect from the in-situ stress field,which clarifies the complex energy partitioning mechanisms at the blast source.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0707300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52374376)。
文摘The transformation of the dissimilar metals in the welding area into a single metal is an important method for achieving high-quality welded connection in the dissimilar metal laminated composite plate.In this study,a high-performance titanium/steel composite plate(TSCP)with pure titaniumization in the welding area was prepared by cold spraying,hot rolling and heat treatment processes.The results indicate that cold spraying achieves effective pre-composite deposition of titanium particles while inhibiting interfacial oxidation and Fe-Ti alloying reactions,producing a relatively dense pure titanium coating with a low porosity of only 1.2%.Hot rolling eliminates internal defects and promotes strong metallurgical bonding of the composite interface.The heat treatment promotes the recrystallization and reduces the dislocation density within the coating.The interfacial bonding strength of the welding area with pure titaniumization of TSCP is 257 MPa,and the tensile strength of that is 414 MPa,reaching 95.6%of the TSCP’s base material.
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the clinical effects of implementing structured phased rehabilitation training,in addition to conventional rehabilitation,on shoulder joint function and pain alleviation in patients with rotator cuff injuries managed conservatively.[Methods]Eighty patients diagnosed with rotator cuff injury were selected and randomly assigned to either the control group or the experimental group,each comprising 40 individuals.The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment,whereas the experimental group underwent phased rehabilitation training in addition to the conventional treatment for 6 weeks.Assessments were conducted prior to treatment,6 weeks following treatment,and 8 weeks after the completion of treatment(follow-up period).The visual analogue scale(VAS)was employed to evaluate pain intensity,the Constant-Murley score was utilized to assess shoulder joint function,and the shoulder joint range of motion was measured.[Results]Prior to treatment,no statistically significant differences were observed between the two patient groups across all measured indicators(P>0.05).Following 6 weeks of treatment and throughout the follow-up period,both groups exhibited significant reductions in VAS scores compared to baseline measurements,alongside improvements in Constant-Murley scores and shoulder joint range of motion(P<0.05).Furthermore,the magnitude of improvement in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Phased rehabilitation training can enhance shoulder joint function and alleviate pain in patients with rotator cuff injuries beyond the effects of conventional rehabilitation treatment,demonstrating notable clinical application value.
基金funded by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,grant number ZR2023MF111.
文摘To address the issues of poor adaptability in resource allocation and low multi-agent cooperation efficiency in Joint Radar and Communication(JRC)systems under dynamic environments,an intelligent optimization framework integrating Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)and Graph Neural Network(GNN)is proposed.This framework models resource allocation as a Partially Observable Markov Game(POMG),designs a weighted reward function to balance radar and communication efficiencies,adopts the Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization(MAPPO)framework,and integrates Graph Convolutional Networks(GCN)and Graph Sample and Aggregate(Graph-SAGE)to optimize information interaction.Simulations show that,compared with traditional methods and pure DRL methods,the proposed framework achieves improvements in performance metrics such as communication success rate,Average Age of Information(AoI),and policy convergence speed,effectively enabling resource management in complex environments.Moreover,the proposed GNN-DRL-based intelligent optimization framework obtains significantly better performance for resource management in multi-agent JRC systems than traditional methods and pure DRL methods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42422705,42207175,42177117 and 42577170)the Ningbo Youth Leading Talent Project (No.2024QL051)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Engineering Science and Technology Strategy Consulting Project (No.2025-XZ-57)the Central Government Funding Program for Guiding Local Science and Technology Development (No.2025ZY01028)。
文摘Rock mass stability is significantly influenced by the heterogeneity of rock joint roughness and shear strength.While modern technology facilitates assessing roughness heterogeneity,evaluating shear strength heterogeneity remains challenging.To address this,this study first captures the morphology of large-scale(1000 mm × 1000 mm) slate and granite joints via 3D laser scanning.Analysis of these surfaces and corresponding push/pull tests on carved specimens revealed a potential correlation between the heterogeneity of roughness and shear strength.A comparative evaluation of five statistical metrics identified information entropy(Hs) as the most robust indicator for quantifying rock joint heterogeneity.Further analysis using Hsreveals that the heterogeneity is anisotropic and,critically,that shear strength heterogeneity is governed not only by roughness heterogeneity but is also significantly influenced by the mean roughness value,normal stress,and intact rock tensile strength.Consequently,a simple comparison of roughness Hsvalues is insufficient for reliably comparing shear strength heterogeneity.To overcome this limitation,a theoretical framework is developed to explicitly map fundamental roughness statistics(mean and heterogeneity) to shear strength heterogeneity.This framework culminates in a practical workflow that allows for the rapid,field-based assessment of shear strength heterogeneity using readily obtainable rock joint roughness data.
基金Supported by The Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,CAFS(2025XT0902)Earmarked for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-46).
文摘The widespread use of herbicides such as glyphosate isopropyl amine salt(GIS)and atrazine(ATZ)poses significant risks to aquatic ecosystems.This study investigated the single and joint acute toxicity of a 1:1 GIS-ATZ mixture on zebrafish(Danio rerio).Acute tests determined 96-h LC_(50) values of 123.41 mg/L for GIS and 103.95 mg/L for ATZ.In the joint toxicity test,these values decreased to 60.96 and 50.88 mg/L,respectively.The Additive Index(AI)analysis revealed a consistent synergistic interaction between the herbicides at all exposure intervals.These findings underscore the enhanced ecological threat of herbicide mixtures and highlight the necessity of considering joint effects in environmental risk assessments.
基金supported by the confidential research grant No.a8317。
文摘To address the issues of frequent identity switches(IDs)and degraded identification accuracy in multi object tracking(MOT)under complex occlusion scenarios,this study proposes an occlusion-robust tracking framework based on face-pedestrian joint feature modeling.By constructing a joint tracking model centered on“intra-class independent tracking+cross-category dynamic binding”,designing a multi-modal matching metric with spatio-temporal and appearance constraints,and innovatively introducing a cross-category feature mutual verification mechanism and a dual matching strategy,this work effectively resolves performance degradation in traditional single-category tracking methods caused by short-term occlusion,cross-camera tracking,and crowded environments.Experiments on the Chokepoint_Face_Pedestrian_Track test set demonstrate that in complex scenes,the proposed method improves Face-Pedestrian Matching F1 area under the curve(F1 AUC)by approximately 4 to 43 percentage points compared to several traditional methods.The joint tracking model achieves overall performance metrics of IDF1:85.1825%and MOTA:86.5956%,representing improvements of 0.91 and 0.06 percentage points,respectively,over the baseline model.Ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of key modules such as the Intersection over Area(IoA)/Intersection over Union(IoU)joint metric and dynamic threshold adjustment,validating the significant role of the cross-category identity matching mechanism in enhancing tracking stability.Our_model shows a 16.7%frame per second(FPS)drop vs.fairness of detection and re-identification in multiple object tracking(FairMOT),with its cross-category binding module adding aboute 10%overhead,yet maintains near-real-time performance for essential face-pedestrian tracking at small resolutions.
