To enhance the removal efficiency of malathion in the wastewater from organophosphate pesticide mill, a bacterium, Acinetobacter johnsonii MA19, that could degrade malathion with cometabolisrn was isolated from malath...To enhance the removal efficiency of malathion in the wastewater from organophosphate pesticide mill, a bacterium, Acinetobacter johnsonii MA19, that could degrade malathion with cometabolisrn was isolated from malathion-polluted soil samples using enrichment culture techniques. Four kinds of additional compounds, sodium succinate, sodium acetate, glucose, and fructose were tested to choose a favorite carbon source for the cometabolism of strain MA19. The results showed that sodium succinate and sodium acetate could promote malathion biodegradation and cell growth. The investigation results of the effects of sodium succinate concentrations on the malathion biodegradation indicated that the more sodium succinate supplied resulted in quick degradation of malathion and fast ceils multiplied. Zero-order kinetic model was appropriate to describe the malathion biodegradation when the concentration of sodium succinate was more than 0.5144 g/L, The degradation rate constant （K） reached the maximum value of 3.5837 mg/（L·h） when the mass ratio of sodium succinate to malathion was 128.6 mg/mg. The aquatic toxicity of the malathion was evaluated using the test organism, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri. The data obtained suggested that the toxicity of malathion could be ignored after 84 h biodegradation. Our result demonstrates the potential for using bacterium A. johnsonii MA19 for malathion biodegradation and environmental bioremediation when some suitable conventional carbon sources are supplied.展开更多
A xylanase-producing bacterium, isolated from deep sea sediments, was identified as the cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii. A cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii could grow at 4 ℃. Th...A xylanase-producing bacterium, isolated from deep sea sediments, was identified as the cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii. A cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii could grow at 4 ℃. The optimum temperature and pH of xylanase from a cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii were 55 ℃ and pH 6.0. Xylanase from a cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii remained at 80% activity after incubation for 1 h at 65 ℃. The xylanase activity was 1.2-fold higher in 4% ethanol solution than in ethanol free solution. Gibbs free energy of denaturation, ΔG, was higher in 4% ethanol solution than in ethanol free solution. Thermostable ethanol tolerant xylanase was valuable for bioethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process with xylan as a carbon source.展开更多
Xanthorrhoea johnsonii is a long lived slow growing perennial understorey species, that produces a large quantity of passively dispersed seed every 3 - 5 years. Reproductive maturity is not reached until 20 - 30 years...Xanthorrhoea johnsonii is a long lived slow growing perennial understorey species, that produces a large quantity of passively dispersed seed every 3 - 5 years. Reproductive maturity is not reached until 20 - 30 years of age. The temporal asynchrony of the flowering event in this population was analogous to geographic isolation through fragmentation. A small population of plants flowering in isolation provided the opportunity to examine outcrossing rates, genetic diversity and the paternity of progeny at a small spatial scale (0.2 ha). The geographic location and physical characteristics of the adult plants were recorded, and both adults and their seed were sampled for genetic analysis. Four microsatellite loci were screened for genetic diversity and spatial structure analysis. A population outcrossing rate was estimated, as well as the number of paternal parents required to resolve the progeny multilocus genotypes. High genetic diversity was found in both adults and progeny with an estimated 97% outcrossing rate. All maternal lines required several paternal contributors, with no evidence of dominant paternal genotypes. Pollen transfer occurred between both geographically close and distant plants.展开更多
Petroleum contaminants caused great damages to environment and human health.Among,the port of Oran is subject of pollution mainly by PAHs(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)as a result of the large flow of ships.Thus bi...Petroleum contaminants caused great damages to environment and human health.Among,the port of Oran is subject of pollution mainly by PAHs(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)as a result of the large flow of ships.Thus bioremediation by indigenous microorganisms is an important means for their reduction and elimination.In the present work,a hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium strain SP49F2 was considered,firstly isolated from the contaminated marine sediments and seawater at the port of Oran(Algeria),using Bushnell-Hass mineral salt medium,and identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics and molecular tools by analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequence,using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool program on the data base of NCBI(National Centre for Biotechnology Information),and the EzBioCloud 16S rRNA database.Kinetic of growth of this isolate on crude oil during 20 days of culture was studied at temperature 25℃,3%(w/v)of NaCl concentration and pH 7,at 140 rpm(Revolutions Per Minute).Strain SP49F2 was identified molecularly as Acinetobacter johnsonii,and might support high concentrations of crude oil(up to 10%,v/v).Results of growth kinetic on crude oil as sole energy and carbon source by the isolate strain showed that the stationary phase was attained at day 12.Thus,train Acinetobacter johnsonii SP49F2 could efficiently utilize crude oil as its sole carbon and energy source,and could be used as a wonderful native biological alternative for the bioremediation of the port of Oran,and marine area polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons,as an eco-friendly efficacy degrader,and may be suitable for biotechnological applications.展开更多
Background:Gut microbiota are important for uric acid(UA)metabolism in hyperuricemia(HUA);however,the underlying mechanisms of how the gut microbiota regulate intestinal UA metabolism remain unclear.This study aimed t...Background:Gut microbiota are important for uric acid(UA)metabolism in hyperuricemia(HUA);however,the underlying mechanisms of how the gut microbiota regulate intestinal UA metabolism remain unclear.This study aimed to explore the function of the intestine in HUA and to further reveal the possible mechanism.Methods:We conducted gut microbiota depletion to validate the role of gut microbiota in UA metabolism.A mouse model of HUA was established,and the gut microbiota and microbiome-derived metabolites were analyzed via 16S RNA gene sequencing and metabolomics analysis.The mechanism of the gut microbiota in HUA was elucidated by in vivo and in vitro experiments.Results:Antibiotic treatment elevated serum UA,disturbed purine metabolism,and decreased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus.HUA mice had a lower relative abundance of Lactobacillus johnsonii(L.johnsonii)and decreased gut butyrate concentration.Supplementation of L.johnsonii significantly reduces serum UA in hyperuricemia mice by preventing UA synthesis and promoting the excretion of gut purine metabolites.In addition,L.johnsonii enhanced intestinal UA excretion by heightening the urate transporter ABCG2(adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter,subfamily G,member 2)expression,and increasing the levels of butyrate,which upregulated ABCG2 expression via the Wnt5a/b/β-catenin signaling pathway.Conclusion:Our results suggest that gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites directly regulate gut UA metabolism,highlighting potential applications in the treatment of diet-induced HUA by targeting gut microbiota and its metabolites.展开更多
Lactobacillus johnsonii is a microbial biomarker associated with lipid deposition,but the mechanism by which it accelerates fatty acid absorption and deposition remains unclear.In this study,we isolated a strain of L....Lactobacillus johnsonii is a microbial biomarker associated with lipid deposition,but the mechanism by which it accelerates fatty acid absorption and deposition remains unclear.In this study,we isolated a strain of L.johnsonii MS0621 from the feces of Ningxiang pigs,an obese animal model,and evaluated its probiotic properties with high resistance to temperature and intestinal fluids.Colonization by L.johnsonii MS0621 increased the abundance of gut Lactobacillus in lean DLY pigs,concomitant with increases in fatty acid absorption in the intestine and lipid depositions in the fat and muscle tissues.The lipid absorption-promoting effect was further detected in IPEC-J2 cells treated with live L.johnsonii MS0621 and the bacteria-free supernatants,as evidenced by high triglyceride synthesis and the expression of CD36,a key lipid transporter.Metabolomics analysis showed that(R)-leucic acid is a potential metabolite targeting CD36 expression to guarantee lipid absorption and deposition.The mechanism might involve direct interaction with CD36,as molecular docking and inhibition of CD36 blocked L.johnsonii MS0621 or derived metabolite-mediated lipid absorption.In conclusion,we uncovered an important role of L.johnsonii MS0621 derived(R)-leucic acid in regulating the absorption and deposition of intestinal fatty acids via regulation of CD36 expression.展开更多
Sepsis-induced liver injury(SILI)is an important cause of septicemia deaths.BaWeiBaiDuSan(BWBDS)was extracted from a formula of Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer,Lilium brownie F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker,Polygonat...Sepsis-induced liver injury(SILI)is an important cause of septicemia deaths.BaWeiBaiDuSan(BWBDS)was extracted from a formula of Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer,Lilium brownie F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker,Polygonatum sibiricum Delar.ex Redoute,Lonicera japonica Thunb.,Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.,Amygdalus Communis Vas,Platycodon grandiflorus(Jacq.)A.DC.,and Cortex Phelloderdri.Herein,we investigated whether the BWBDS treatment could reverse SILI by the mechanism of modulating gut microbiota.BWBDS protected mice against SILI,which was associated with promoting macrophage anti-inflammatory activity and enhancing intestinal integrity.BWBDS selectively promoted the growth of Lactobacillus johnsonii(L.johnsonii)in cecal ligation and puncture treated mice.Fecal microbiota transplantation treatment indicated that gut bacteria correlated with sepsis and was required for BWBDS anti-sepsis effects.Notably,L.johnsonii significantly reduced SILI by promoting macrophage anti-inflammatory activity,increasing interleukin-10+M2 macrophage production and enhancing intestinal integrity.Furthermore,heat inactivation L.johnsonii(HI-L.johnsonii)treatment promoted macrophage anti-inflammatory activity and alleviated SILI.Our findings revealed BWBDS and gut microbiota L.johnsonii as novel prebiotic and probiotic that may be used to treat SILI.The potential underlying mechanism was at least in part,via L.johnsonii-dependent immune regulation and interleukin-10+M2 macrophage production.展开更多
Maintainance of sulfomucin is a key end point in the treatment of diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanisms underlying the microbial sense to sulfomucin are poorly understood,and to date,ther...Maintainance of sulfomucin is a key end point in the treatment of diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanisms underlying the microbial sense to sulfomucin are poorly understood,and to date,there are no therapies targeting the secretion and maturation of sulfomucin in IBD.Herein,we biosynthesized poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)and found that PHB could alleviate inflammation caused by diarrhea and colitis by enhancing the differentiation of sulfomucin.Microbiota transplantation and clearance together demonstrate that PHB promoting sulfomucin is mediated by Lactobacillus johnsonii(L.johnsonii).Further studies revealed that PHB provides a favorable niche for L.johnsonii biofilm formation to resist disturbance and support its growth.L.johnsonii-biofilm alleviates colitis by regulating fucose residues to promote goblet cell differentiation and subsequent sulfomucin maturation.Importantly,PHB alleviates colitis by enhancing sulfomucin secretion and maturation in a L.johnsonii-dependent manner.PHB represents a class of guardians,acting as a safe probiotic-biofilm delivery system that significantly promotes probiotic proliferation.Altogether,this study adds weight to the possible role of probiotics and functional materials in the treatment of intestinal inflammation.The application of PHB and biofilm self-coating L.johnsonii carries high translational potential and may be of clinical relevance.展开更多
Developing effective strategies to prevent diarrhea and associated-gut disorders in mammals has gained great significance.Owing to the many health benefits provided by the commensal microbiota of the intestinal tract,...Developing effective strategies to prevent diarrhea and associated-gut disorders in mammals has gained great significance.Owing to the many health benefits provided by the commensal microbiota of the intestinal tract,such as against environmental perturbation,we explored the host phenotype-associated microbes and their probiotic potential.Based on the observations that the chronic heat stress-exposed weaned piglets present as heat stress-susceptible(HS-SUS)or heat stress-resistant(HS-RES)individuals,we confirmed the phenotypic difference between the two on growth performance(P<0.05),diarrhea index(P<0.001),intestinal heat shock protein 70(HSP70)regulation(P<0.01),and inflammatory responses(P<0.01).By comparing the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and KEGG functional analysis,we found that Lactobacillus johnsonii exhibited significantly higher relative abundance in the HS-RES piglets than in the HS-SUS ones(P<0.05).Further experiments using a mouse model for chemical-induced inflammation and intestinal injury demonstrated that oral administration of a representative L.johnsonii N5(isolated from the HS-RES piglets)ameliorated the clinical and histological signs of colitis while suppressing intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-6 production(P<0.05).We found that N5 treatment enhanced tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin and cytoprotective HSP70 levels under physiological condition and restored their mucosal expressions in colitis(P<0.05).In support of the high production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10,N5 promoted the intestinal Peyer’s patches MHCⅡ+and CD103+dendritic cell populations(P<0.05),increased the regulatory T(Treg)cell numbers(P<0.05),and decreased the Th17 population and its IL-17a production under physiological condition and during colitis(P<0.01).Our results shed light on understanding the interaction between commensal Lactobacillus and the host health,and provide L.johnsonii N5 as an alternative to antibiotics for preventing diarrhea and intestinal diseases.展开更多
[Objective] Pseudomonas as one of the dominant spoilage bacteria highly form biofilms in chilled meat products and processing environment when contaminating single or mixed with other species.This study aims to invest...[Objective] Pseudomonas as one of the dominant spoilage bacteria highly form biofilms in chilled meat products and processing environment when contaminating single or mixed with other species.This study aims to investigate the antibiofilm properties of the cell-free supernatants(CFSs) of three Bacillus species isolated from fermented food and rice seeds on Pseudomonas lundensis(PL) or and Acinetobacter johnsonii(AJ) as mono-or dual-species.[Methods] Biofilm biomass,extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs),and biofilm structure were measured by crystal violet staining,spectrophotometry,confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM),respectively,as well as transcription of biofilm-related genes determined by qPCR.[Results] The CFSs of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZG08,B.velezensis B5,and B.subtilis YB11 inhibited the biofilm formation of PL and AJ without affecting their growth.The treatment with 50% CFSs of ZG08 and B5 decreased the cell viability of two biofilms by 12.73%–21.04%,which was higher than that of YB11(0.15%–4.38%).The inhibition rates of 50% CFSs of the three strains were 59.75%–79.59% against the PL biofilm and 63.62%–78.57% against the biofilm of PL+AJ,in which the CFS of YB11 had weaker activity.The content of exopolysaccharides and exoprotein in the two biofilms treated with these CFSs were reduced by 53.77%–73.30% and 54.84%–62.38%,respectively.The treatment with the three CFSs also reduced the adhesive cells,loosened biofilm structures,and thinned their thickness by 57.63%–74.49% and 60.43%–64.64%,respectively.Moreover,the CFSs of ZG08 and B5 effectively eradicated by 41.77%–69.79% against the mature biofilms of PL and PL+AJ,compared to weak activity of YB11.In addition,the antibiofilm activities of the three CFSs were stable under four enzyme digestion and heating conditions.Compared with the control,the CFSs of ZG08 and B5 significantly down-regulated the expression of six biofilm-related genes,lapA,alg44,pelG,luxR,wspR,and rpoS.[Conclusion] The CFSs of ZG08 and B5 have strong antibiofilm activities against PL and AJ as mono-or dual-species.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50538090)the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2005AA601020).
文摘To enhance the removal efficiency of malathion in the wastewater from organophosphate pesticide mill, a bacterium, Acinetobacter johnsonii MA19, that could degrade malathion with cometabolisrn was isolated from malathion-polluted soil samples using enrichment culture techniques. Four kinds of additional compounds, sodium succinate, sodium acetate, glucose, and fructose were tested to choose a favorite carbon source for the cometabolism of strain MA19. The results showed that sodium succinate and sodium acetate could promote malathion biodegradation and cell growth. The investigation results of the effects of sodium succinate concentrations on the malathion biodegradation indicated that the more sodium succinate supplied resulted in quick degradation of malathion and fast ceils multiplied. Zero-order kinetic model was appropriate to describe the malathion biodegradation when the concentration of sodium succinate was more than 0.5144 g/L, The degradation rate constant （K） reached the maximum value of 3.5837 mg/（L·h） when the mass ratio of sodium succinate to malathion was 128.6 mg/mg. The aquatic toxicity of the malathion was evaluated using the test organism, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri. The data obtained suggested that the toxicity of malathion could be ignored after 84 h biodegradation. Our result demonstrates the potential for using bacterium A. johnsonii MA19 for malathion biodegradation and environmental bioremediation when some suitable conventional carbon sources are supplied.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(B2017041)
文摘A xylanase-producing bacterium, isolated from deep sea sediments, was identified as the cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii. A cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii could grow at 4 ℃. The optimum temperature and pH of xylanase from a cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii were 55 ℃ and pH 6.0. Xylanase from a cold-adapted marine species Acinetobacter Johnsonii remained at 80% activity after incubation for 1 h at 65 ℃. The xylanase activity was 1.2-fold higher in 4% ethanol solution than in ethanol free solution. Gibbs free energy of denaturation, ΔG, was higher in 4% ethanol solution than in ethanol free solution. Thermostable ethanol tolerant xylanase was valuable for bioethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process with xylan as a carbon source.
文摘Xanthorrhoea johnsonii is a long lived slow growing perennial understorey species, that produces a large quantity of passively dispersed seed every 3 - 5 years. Reproductive maturity is not reached until 20 - 30 years of age. The temporal asynchrony of the flowering event in this population was analogous to geographic isolation through fragmentation. A small population of plants flowering in isolation provided the opportunity to examine outcrossing rates, genetic diversity and the paternity of progeny at a small spatial scale (0.2 ha). The geographic location and physical characteristics of the adult plants were recorded, and both adults and their seed were sampled for genetic analysis. Four microsatellite loci were screened for genetic diversity and spatial structure analysis. A population outcrossing rate was estimated, as well as the number of paternal parents required to resolve the progeny multilocus genotypes. High genetic diversity was found in both adults and progeny with an estimated 97% outcrossing rate. All maternal lines required several paternal contributors, with no evidence of dominant paternal genotypes. Pollen transfer occurred between both geographically close and distant plants.
文摘Petroleum contaminants caused great damages to environment and human health.Among,the port of Oran is subject of pollution mainly by PAHs(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)as a result of the large flow of ships.Thus bioremediation by indigenous microorganisms is an important means for their reduction and elimination.In the present work,a hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium strain SP49F2 was considered,firstly isolated from the contaminated marine sediments and seawater at the port of Oran(Algeria),using Bushnell-Hass mineral salt medium,and identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics and molecular tools by analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequence,using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool program on the data base of NCBI(National Centre for Biotechnology Information),and the EzBioCloud 16S rRNA database.Kinetic of growth of this isolate on crude oil during 20 days of culture was studied at temperature 25℃,3%(w/v)of NaCl concentration and pH 7,at 140 rpm(Revolutions Per Minute).Strain SP49F2 was identified molecularly as Acinetobacter johnsonii,and might support high concentrations of crude oil(up to 10%,v/v).Results of growth kinetic on crude oil as sole energy and carbon source by the isolate strain showed that the stationary phase was attained at day 12.Thus,train Acinetobacter johnsonii SP49F2 could efficiently utilize crude oil as its sole carbon and energy source,and could be used as a wonderful native biological alternative for the bioremediation of the port of Oran,and marine area polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons,as an eco-friendly efficacy degrader,and may be suitable for biotechnological applications.
基金supported by grants from the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program(No.2024JDRC0042)the Health Commission of Sichuan Province Medical Science and Technology Program(No.24CXTD12)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81970461)the Key Science and Technology Program of Zigong(No.2024-YCY-01-02).
文摘Background:Gut microbiota are important for uric acid(UA)metabolism in hyperuricemia(HUA);however,the underlying mechanisms of how the gut microbiota regulate intestinal UA metabolism remain unclear.This study aimed to explore the function of the intestine in HUA and to further reveal the possible mechanism.Methods:We conducted gut microbiota depletion to validate the role of gut microbiota in UA metabolism.A mouse model of HUA was established,and the gut microbiota and microbiome-derived metabolites were analyzed via 16S RNA gene sequencing and metabolomics analysis.The mechanism of the gut microbiota in HUA was elucidated by in vivo and in vitro experiments.Results:Antibiotic treatment elevated serum UA,disturbed purine metabolism,and decreased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus.HUA mice had a lower relative abundance of Lactobacillus johnsonii(L.johnsonii)and decreased gut butyrate concentration.Supplementation of L.johnsonii significantly reduces serum UA in hyperuricemia mice by preventing UA synthesis and promoting the excretion of gut purine metabolites.In addition,L.johnsonii enhanced intestinal UA excretion by heightening the urate transporter ABCG2(adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter,subfamily G,member 2)expression,and increasing the levels of butyrate,which upregulated ABCG2 expression via the Wnt5a/b/β-catenin signaling pathway.Conclusion:Our results suggest that gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites directly regulate gut UA metabolism,highlighting potential applications in the treatment of diet-induced HUA by targeting gut microbiota and its metabolites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172761)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1301500)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Programs of Hunan Province(2023NK2018)the Hunan Youth Science and Technology Talent Project(2022RC1157)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(22A0154)the Design and Cultivation of the New Breed in Pigs with High-quality Meat(2023ZD04046)。
文摘Lactobacillus johnsonii is a microbial biomarker associated with lipid deposition,but the mechanism by which it accelerates fatty acid absorption and deposition remains unclear.In this study,we isolated a strain of L.johnsonii MS0621 from the feces of Ningxiang pigs,an obese animal model,and evaluated its probiotic properties with high resistance to temperature and intestinal fluids.Colonization by L.johnsonii MS0621 increased the abundance of gut Lactobacillus in lean DLY pigs,concomitant with increases in fatty acid absorption in the intestine and lipid depositions in the fat and muscle tissues.The lipid absorption-promoting effect was further detected in IPEC-J2 cells treated with live L.johnsonii MS0621 and the bacteria-free supernatants,as evidenced by high triglyceride synthesis and the expression of CD36,a key lipid transporter.Metabolomics analysis showed that(R)-leucic acid is a potential metabolite targeting CD36 expression to guarantee lipid absorption and deposition.The mechanism might involve direct interaction with CD36,as molecular docking and inhibition of CD36 blocked L.johnsonii MS0621 or derived metabolite-mediated lipid absorption.In conclusion,we uncovered an important role of L.johnsonii MS0621 derived(R)-leucic acid in regulating the absorption and deposition of intestinal fatty acids via regulation of CD36 expression.
基金funded by regular grants and joint grant(File No.0096/2018/A3,0111/2020/A3 and 0056/2020/AMJ)Dr.Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery(File No.001/2020/ALC)+4 种基金supported by the Macao Science and Technology Development Fundsupported by 2020 Young Qihuang Scholar funded by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicinesupported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82025036)supported by the Start-up Research Grant of University of Macao(SRG2022-00020-FHS,China)the Faculty of Health Science,University of Macao(Macao,China).
文摘Sepsis-induced liver injury(SILI)is an important cause of septicemia deaths.BaWeiBaiDuSan(BWBDS)was extracted from a formula of Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer,Lilium brownie F.E.Brown ex Miellez var.viridulum Baker,Polygonatum sibiricum Delar.ex Redoute,Lonicera japonica Thunb.,Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.,Amygdalus Communis Vas,Platycodon grandiflorus(Jacq.)A.DC.,and Cortex Phelloderdri.Herein,we investigated whether the BWBDS treatment could reverse SILI by the mechanism of modulating gut microbiota.BWBDS protected mice against SILI,which was associated with promoting macrophage anti-inflammatory activity and enhancing intestinal integrity.BWBDS selectively promoted the growth of Lactobacillus johnsonii(L.johnsonii)in cecal ligation and puncture treated mice.Fecal microbiota transplantation treatment indicated that gut bacteria correlated with sepsis and was required for BWBDS anti-sepsis effects.Notably,L.johnsonii significantly reduced SILI by promoting macrophage anti-inflammatory activity,increasing interleukin-10+M2 macrophage production and enhancing intestinal integrity.Furthermore,heat inactivation L.johnsonii(HI-L.johnsonii)treatment promoted macrophage anti-inflammatory activity and alleviated SILI.Our findings revealed BWBDS and gut microbiota L.johnsonii as novel prebiotic and probiotic that may be used to treat SILI.The potential underlying mechanism was at least in part,via L.johnsonii-dependent immune regulation and interleukin-10+M2 macrophage production.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1300400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930106 and 31829004)+3 种基金the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2022TC033)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University(1041-00109019)the Henan Province Public Benefit Research Foundation(201300111200-05)the 111 Project(B16044)。
文摘Maintainance of sulfomucin is a key end point in the treatment of diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).However,the mechanisms underlying the microbial sense to sulfomucin are poorly understood,and to date,there are no therapies targeting the secretion and maturation of sulfomucin in IBD.Herein,we biosynthesized poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)and found that PHB could alleviate inflammation caused by diarrhea and colitis by enhancing the differentiation of sulfomucin.Microbiota transplantation and clearance together demonstrate that PHB promoting sulfomucin is mediated by Lactobacillus johnsonii(L.johnsonii).Further studies revealed that PHB provides a favorable niche for L.johnsonii biofilm formation to resist disturbance and support its growth.L.johnsonii-biofilm alleviates colitis by regulating fucose residues to promote goblet cell differentiation and subsequent sulfomucin maturation.Importantly,PHB alleviates colitis by enhancing sulfomucin secretion and maturation in a L.johnsonii-dependent manner.PHB represents a class of guardians,acting as a safe probiotic-biofilm delivery system that significantly promotes probiotic proliferation.Altogether,this study adds weight to the possible role of probiotics and functional materials in the treatment of intestinal inflammation.The application of PHB and biofilm self-coating L.johnsonii carries high translational potential and may be of clinical relevance.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200932,BK20220582)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32002243)+1 种基金the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Yangzhou University(X20211025)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Developing effective strategies to prevent diarrhea and associated-gut disorders in mammals has gained great significance.Owing to the many health benefits provided by the commensal microbiota of the intestinal tract,such as against environmental perturbation,we explored the host phenotype-associated microbes and their probiotic potential.Based on the observations that the chronic heat stress-exposed weaned piglets present as heat stress-susceptible(HS-SUS)or heat stress-resistant(HS-RES)individuals,we confirmed the phenotypic difference between the two on growth performance(P<0.05),diarrhea index(P<0.001),intestinal heat shock protein 70(HSP70)regulation(P<0.01),and inflammatory responses(P<0.01).By comparing the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and KEGG functional analysis,we found that Lactobacillus johnsonii exhibited significantly higher relative abundance in the HS-RES piglets than in the HS-SUS ones(P<0.05).Further experiments using a mouse model for chemical-induced inflammation and intestinal injury demonstrated that oral administration of a representative L.johnsonii N5(isolated from the HS-RES piglets)ameliorated the clinical and histological signs of colitis while suppressing intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-6 production(P<0.05).We found that N5 treatment enhanced tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin and cytoprotective HSP70 levels under physiological condition and restored their mucosal expressions in colitis(P<0.05).In support of the high production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10,N5 promoted the intestinal Peyer’s patches MHCⅡ+and CD103+dendritic cell populations(P<0.05),increased the regulatory T(Treg)cell numbers(P<0.05),and decreased the Th17 population and its IL-17a production under physiological condition and during colitis(P<0.01).Our results shed light on understanding the interaction between commensal Lactobacillus and the host health,and provide L.johnsonii N5 as an alternative to antibiotics for preventing diarrhea and intestinal diseases.
文摘[Objective] Pseudomonas as one of the dominant spoilage bacteria highly form biofilms in chilled meat products and processing environment when contaminating single or mixed with other species.This study aims to investigate the antibiofilm properties of the cell-free supernatants(CFSs) of three Bacillus species isolated from fermented food and rice seeds on Pseudomonas lundensis(PL) or and Acinetobacter johnsonii(AJ) as mono-or dual-species.[Methods] Biofilm biomass,extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs),and biofilm structure were measured by crystal violet staining,spectrophotometry,confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM),respectively,as well as transcription of biofilm-related genes determined by qPCR.[Results] The CFSs of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZG08,B.velezensis B5,and B.subtilis YB11 inhibited the biofilm formation of PL and AJ without affecting their growth.The treatment with 50% CFSs of ZG08 and B5 decreased the cell viability of two biofilms by 12.73%–21.04%,which was higher than that of YB11(0.15%–4.38%).The inhibition rates of 50% CFSs of the three strains were 59.75%–79.59% against the PL biofilm and 63.62%–78.57% against the biofilm of PL+AJ,in which the CFS of YB11 had weaker activity.The content of exopolysaccharides and exoprotein in the two biofilms treated with these CFSs were reduced by 53.77%–73.30% and 54.84%–62.38%,respectively.The treatment with the three CFSs also reduced the adhesive cells,loosened biofilm structures,and thinned their thickness by 57.63%–74.49% and 60.43%–64.64%,respectively.Moreover,the CFSs of ZG08 and B5 effectively eradicated by 41.77%–69.79% against the mature biofilms of PL and PL+AJ,compared to weak activity of YB11.In addition,the antibiofilm activities of the three CFSs were stable under four enzyme digestion and heating conditions.Compared with the control,the CFSs of ZG08 and B5 significantly down-regulated the expression of six biofilm-related genes,lapA,alg44,pelG,luxR,wspR,and rpoS.[Conclusion] The CFSs of ZG08 and B5 have strong antibiofilm activities against PL and AJ as mono-or dual-species.
