In this study, through vitro culturing anthers of 7 F1 progenies of early Japonica rice in cold region on medium with different Fe2+ contents, it was found that Fe2+ content generated greater impacts on the induction ...In this study, through vitro culturing anthers of 7 F1 progenies of early Japonica rice in cold region on medium with different Fe2+ contents, it was found that Fe2+ content generated greater impacts on the induction rate and green plantlet differentiation. The result demonstrated that if Fe2+ increased from 32 to 40 mg/kg, the induction rate of early Japonica rice anther culture in N6 culture media was more then 1.4 times higher than that in N6 culture media containing 5.6 mg/kg Fe2+. In this concentration range, the induction rate increased with the increase of Fe2+ content, while if the concentration was over this concentration range, the induction rate decreased with the increase of Fe2+, showing single peak distribution. When the Fe2+ was 40 mg/kg in differentiation medium, the differentiation rate decreased dramatically. The green plantlet differentiations of callus which were induced on culture media containing 32-40 mg/kg Fe2+ were different, when they were cultured on MS culture media, and 85.7% materials could increase green plantlet productivity to about 7.8%. Therefore, increasing Fe2+in induction media properly could increase anther culture efficiency of early Japonica rice in cold region.展开更多
Experiments on the effects of nitric oxide （NO） and iron on the growth of marine microalgae Skeletonema costatum were conducted. The results are as follows： exogenous NO could increase the growth rate of marine alg...Experiments on the effects of nitric oxide （NO） and iron on the growth of marine microalgae Skeletonema costatum were conducted. The results are as follows： exogenous NO could increase the growth rate of marine algae and raise the biomass remarkably under iron-deficient conditions. But it was a complicated process that the phytoplankton growth was influenced by NO and iron, which was controlled by the NO concentration, the nutrition level of the culture medium and the iron concentration, etc. Meanwhile, the iron concentration in the medium also has a direct influence on the growth and NO release capacity of the algae. Therefore, the effects of NO and iron on the growth of marine phytoplankton were mutual.展开更多
We investigated the effect of treatment temperature on the magnetic property of iron nitride foils irradiated with nitrogen plasma. The iron nitride foils irradiated with nitrogen plasma were composed of ε-Fe2/3N, γ...We investigated the effect of treatment temperature on the magnetic property of iron nitride foils irradiated with nitrogen plasma. The iron nitride foils irradiated with nitrogen plasma were composed of ε-Fe2/3N, γ'-Fe4N and γ nitrogen austenite in α-Fe of the matrix. The saturation magnetization of the iron nitride foils decreased with increasing the surface temperature. The coercive force of the iron nitride foils increased with increasing the surface temperature.展开更多
Differences in the barley varieties have been revealed from tolerance to iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) ions as well as to their combined effect. Received results allowed to separate barley variety into some (three) grou...Differences in the barley varieties have been revealed from tolerance to iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) ions as well as to their combined effect. Received results allowed to separate barley variety into some (three) groups: the first—Al-tolerant varieties, the second—Al-sensitive ones and third—moderately resistant variety. The increased concentration of Fe had practically no effect on biometric (seed germination energy) and cytogenetics (frequency of chromosome aberrations and mitotic index) parameters as compared to the reference values. At the same time, iron ion significantly reduces the phytotoxic effect for Al-tolerant varieties in case of these elements jointly presented in solution.展开更多
It is well known that in pyroxene structure, there are two metal sites, M1 and M2.Generally speaking, ferrous iron in each of these sites would normally be expected to give rise to a doublet. However, anomies have bee...It is well known that in pyroxene structure, there are two metal sites, M1 and M2.Generally speaking, ferrous iron in each of these sites would normally be expected to give rise to a doublet. However, anomies have been found in the relative areas of the peaks in the room temperature spectra of some clinopyroxene (CPX) when the above assigninent is folowed. Ac-cording to the calculation of Next Nearest Neighbor configurations of divalent cations in M1,we found that the four configurations of M1 can be divided into two groups. One group is 3Ca configuration that increases with the content of Ca (p. f. u); the other group is made up of three No-3Ca configurations that decrease with the content of Ca. The two groups contribute to the spectrum structure of M1, so in this study we fit two doublets for ferrous iron in M1.Though there were severa reports on Fe3+ in tetrahedral site previously, it wa not sure that Fe3+ occupies the T site is a universal fact in CPX, despite of the content of A1. We found that the Fe3+ in the T site fitted by Medauer spectroscopy is negatively correlated to the Si content in the T site and positively correlated to the Fe3 + in the T site estimated on the suppo-sition that Fe3+ and Al occupy the T site randomly. If it is true, it is important in the model-ing of ion exchange geobarometries and gepthermornetries.展开更多
AIM To investigate the cost effectiveness of routine small bowel biopsies(SBBs) in patients with iron deficiency anemia(IDA) independent of their celiac disease(CD) serology test results.METHODS We used a state transi...AIM To investigate the cost effectiveness of routine small bowel biopsies(SBBs) in patients with iron deficiency anemia(IDA) independent of their celiac disease(CD) serology test results.METHODS We used a state transition Markov model. Two strategies were compared: routine SBBs during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) in all patients with IDA regardless their celiac serology status(strategy A) vs SBBs only in IDA patients with positive serology(strategy B). The main outcomes were quality adjusted life years(QALY),average cost and the incremental cost effectiveness ratio(ICER). One way sensitivity analysis was performed on all variables and two way sensitivity analysis on selected variables were done. In order to validate the results,a Monte Carlo simulation of 100 sample trials with 10,and an acceptability curve were performed.RESULTS Strategy A of routine SBBs yielded 19.888 QALYs with a cost of $218.10 compared to 19.887 QALYs and $234.17 in strategy B. In terms of cost-effectiveness,strategy A was the dominant strategy,as long as the cost of SBBs stayed less than $67. In addition,the ICER of strategy A was preferable,providing the cost of biopsy stays under $77. Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated that strategy A yielded the same QALY but with lower costs than strategy B. CONCLUSION Our model suggests that EGD with routine SBBs is a cost-effective approach with improved QALYs in patients with IDA when the prevalence of CD is 5% or greater. SBBs should be a routine screening tool for CD among patients with IDA,regardless of their celiac antibody status.展开更多
A total of 65 children with mild iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were divided into 5 groups, and received 0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg/day of vitamin C (VC) respectively every day for 8 weeks. Hemoglobin, serum ferritin, fr...A total of 65 children with mild iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were divided into 5 groups, and received 0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg/day of vitamin C (VC) respectively every day for 8 weeks. Hemoglobin, serum ferritin, free erythrocyte and hematocrit were determined every week. At a daily average intake of about 30 mg of VC and 7.5 mg of Fe, the results of the study indicate that: (1) VC supplement alone could effectively control children's IDA, and a dose-dependant relationship was observed. (2) 50 mg/day of VC is the most efficient dosage and 6 weeks is the shortest time for an effective therapy. (3) With a diet predominately comprised of plant foods, it is suggested that appropriate dose of VC should be supplemented for the children during winter and spring in northeastern areas of China.展开更多
The study assessed the effects of supplementary feeding over 180 consecutive days on iron status of infants and toddlers at six tea plantation in West Java, Indonesia. The design used was a clinical trial: two eohorts...The study assessed the effects of supplementary feeding over 180 consecutive days on iron status of infants and toddlers at six tea plantation in West Java, Indonesia. The design used was a clinical trial: two eohorts (i.e., 12 and 18 months old children) and three treatment groups (i.e., energy + micronutrient, micronutrient alone, and placebo) per cohort. Every day except Sunday, the infants attended day-care centers. Twenty four centers and 136 infants were selected. The infants were screened for weight and length and those meeting the criteria (i.e., <-1 SD of length-for-age, and between -1 and -2 SD of weight-for-length of the NCHS reference) were included. The experimental unit was the day-care centers (DCC), where each DCC was randomly assigned to one of the three treatment. As expected, groups of energy + micronutrient and micronutrient alone of the 12 months cohort experienced a significant upward shift in hemoglobin, ferritin and TS and a downward change in FEP, while the values for the group of placebo remain about the same as at base line. In the first 6 month of treatments, the ANOVA for each iron indicator yielded significant main effects of treatment (P<0.01) and for Hb with (P =0.059) on 12 months cohort. On the other hand, the main effects of treatment on hemoglobin, TS, ferritin and FEP were not significant for the 18 months cohort. In the second 6 month of treatments, the only significant of the treatment effect (P<0.01) was in serum ferritin on 18-month cohort. Under these circumstances, energy has a positive role in improving iron stores. It is likely that the equilibrium of hemoglobin and each iron indicators were reached in 6 months of treatment except ferritin still continued to increase up to 12 month. The effects of treatment on the improvement of iron status was stronger in 12 months than in 18 months展开更多
Pyrus pashia Buch-Ham, a wild specie was used to investigate the physiological effects of iron deficiency in culture solution. The result showed that Chla, Chlb, total chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate(Pn) d...Pyrus pashia Buch-Ham, a wild specie was used to investigate the physiological effects of iron deficiency in culture solution. The result showed that Chla, Chlb, total chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate(Pn) decreased sharply, and the decrease of Pn was prior to that of Chl content under the iron deficiency. The iron deficiency symptoms were visible when the iron concentration in culture medium was less than 25 μmol L-1. Peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) activity in iron-deficient leaves declined significantly, and POD was more sensitive than CAT to Fe deficiency. However, the positive correlation between CAT activity and Chl content was more significant than that between POD activity and Chl content. The content of nutrient elements in Fe-deficient leaves, which changed irregularly, were higher than that in normal leaves. There were a most significant positive correlation between active Fe and Chl content, and between active Fe and Pn respectively. Therefore, active Fe could be useful physiological predicting index for diagnosis.展开更多
This work aims to establish comparisons between two models used for the performance of heat exchangers. The chosen system, in this case, consists of a heat exchanger used in automotive radiators flat finned tube type....This work aims to establish comparisons between two models used for the performance of heat exchangers. The chosen system, in this case, consists of a heat exchanger used in automotive radiators flat finned tube type. Water and ethylene glycol compound as base fluid and volume fractions of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) are used as a refrigerant. The quantities determined in this work are the nanofluid exit temperature, the air exit temperature, the absolute error between the models for heat transfer rate, and Effectiveness. The quantities that constitute parameters, independent variables, are the airflow, represented by the Reynolds number, and the iron oxide volume fraction. Ethylene Glycol 50% compound has slightly better thermal performance than pure water and reduces the reactive effect of water on the environment, increasing the average life of the equipment. The absolute relative error between the models is less than 20% and presents maximum values with the increase of the nanoparticle volume fraction and growth in the Reynolds number for the air.展开更多
目的分析规范诊治联合基于问题学习(PBL)式健康教育对高海拔地区藏族孕产妇缺铁性贫血(IDA)治疗效果与妊娠结局的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选取2023年1—12月在日喀则市妇幼保健院建档、产检并分娩的358例藏族孕产妇为研究对象,采用随...目的分析规范诊治联合基于问题学习(PBL)式健康教育对高海拔地区藏族孕产妇缺铁性贫血(IDA)治疗效果与妊娠结局的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选取2023年1—12月在日喀则市妇幼保健院建档、产检并分娩的358例藏族孕产妇为研究对象,采用随机数字表分为研究组(180例)和对照组(178例)。对照组给予规范诊治,研究组给予规范诊治联合PBL式健康教育。比较两组遵医行为,孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期、产后24 h IDA发生率与血液指标变化,不良妊娠结局发生情况。结果研究组孕期保健、血常规检测、膳食营养、合理运动、遵医嘱用药及遵医行为量表总分分别为(11.23±2.28)分、(11.85±2.40)分、(12.07±1.30)分、(12.44±1.49)分、(13.59±1.71)分、(61.18±6.79)分;对照组孕期保健、血常规检测、膳食营养、合理运动、遵医嘱用药及遵医行为量表总分分别为(8.08±4.60)分、(9.56±3.98)分、(10.22±1.97)分、(11.93±2.28)分、(7.30±2.80)分、(47.11±11.30)分。研究组遵医行为量表5个模块评分及总评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。研究组中,孕早期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为12.78%、41.67%,孕中期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为11.67%、66.67%,孕晚期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为10.56%、62.22%,产后24 h海拔校正前后IDA发生率为18.33%、73.89%;对照组中,孕早期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为12.36%、41.01%,孕中期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为12.92%、76.97%,孕晚期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为11.80%、72.47%,产后24 h海拔校正前后IDA发生率为27.53%、91.57%。海拔校正前,两组孕早、中、晚期IDA发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。海拔校正后,两组孕早期IDA发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),孕中期、孕晚期、产后24 h IDA发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。孕晚期和产后24 h,研究组红细胞(RBC)均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。孕中期、孕晚期、产后24 h,研究组血红蛋白、红细胞比容(Hct)校正值均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。研究组产后出血、产褥感染、胎儿窘迫、胎膜早破、低出生体重儿、妊娠期高血压疾病发生率均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论规范诊治联合PBL式健康教育可以提升高海拔地区藏族孕产妇IDA遵医行为,降低IDA发生率,改善妊娠结局。展开更多
A sustainable strategy for Fischer–Tropsch iron catalysts is successfully achieved by embedding of synergistic promoters from a renewable resource, corncob. The iron-based catalysts, named as 'corncob-driven'...A sustainable strategy for Fischer–Tropsch iron catalysts is successfully achieved by embedding of synergistic promoters from a renewable resource, corncob. The iron-based catalysts, named as 'corncob-driven'catalysts, are composed of iron species supported on carbon as primary active components and various minerals(K, Mg, Ca, and Si, etc.) as promoters. The corncob-driven catalysts are facilely synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal treatment under mild conditions. The characterization results indicate that the formation of iron carbides from humboldtine is clearly enhanced and the morphology of catalyst particles tends to be more regular microspheres after adding corncob. It is observed that the optimized corncob-driven catalyst exhibits a higher conversion than without promoters' catalyst in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis(ca. 73% vs. ca. 49%). More importantly, a synergistic effect exists in multiple promoters from corncob that can enhance heavy hydrocarbons selectivity and lower CO_2 selectivity, obviously different from the catalyst with promoters from chemicals. The proposed synthesis route of corncob-driven catalysts provides new strategies for the utilization of renewable resources and elimination of environmental pollutants from chemical promoters.展开更多
This study aimed to reveal the influence of different free-iron-oxides contents on the strength and deformation characteristics of in situ lateritic soil.A test method that combined the selective chemical dissolution ...This study aimed to reveal the influence of different free-iron-oxides contents on the strength and deformation characteristics of in situ lateritic soil.A test method that combined the selective chemical dissolution method and in situ Ménard pressuremeter test(PMT)was proposed.The soaking time in dithioniteecitrateebicarbonate(DCB)solution was used as a variable to control the free-iron-oxides content in lateritic soil.Then,the in situ lateritic soil boreholes with different soaking time were tested by PMT.The results showed that the in situ horizontal pressure p0,critical edge pressure pf,ultimate pressure prediction pl,pressuremeter modulus Em,shear modulus Gm,and foundation-bearing capacity f0k of lateritic soil decreased rapidly after immersing in DCB solution within 1e4 d.With increasing soaking time,the decrease rate reduced gradually.Moreover,the relationship curve between free-iron-oxides content and soaking time declined rapidly and then stabilized,and the free-iron-oxides content at the inflection point was 30.11 g/kg.When the free-iron-oxides content changed to the inflection point,the free-iron-oxides that played a cementing role was largely removed,indicating that the effective cementing iron-content of Miaoling lateritic soil was about 52.9%.This study demonstrated that the proposed test method can determine the influence of free-iron-oxides content on the strength and deformation characteristics of lateritic soil.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program(2006BAD01A01-6)~~
文摘In this study, through vitro culturing anthers of 7 F1 progenies of early Japonica rice in cold region on medium with different Fe2+ contents, it was found that Fe2+ content generated greater impacts on the induction rate and green plantlet differentiation. The result demonstrated that if Fe2+ increased from 32 to 40 mg/kg, the induction rate of early Japonica rice anther culture in N6 culture media was more then 1.4 times higher than that in N6 culture media containing 5.6 mg/kg Fe2+. In this concentration range, the induction rate increased with the increase of Fe2+ content, while if the concentration was over this concentration range, the induction rate decreased with the increase of Fe2+, showing single peak distribution. When the Fe2+ was 40 mg/kg in differentiation medium, the differentiation rate decreased dramatically. The green plantlet differentiations of callus which were induced on culture media containing 32-40 mg/kg Fe2+ were different, when they were cultured on MS culture media, and 85.7% materials could increase green plantlet productivity to about 7.8%. Therefore, increasing Fe2+in induction media properly could increase anther culture efficiency of early Japonica rice in cold region.
基金The authors thank Zhu Mingyuan for critically reading the manuscript.This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 40076020 and 40376022the National“973”Project of China under coutract No.2001CB409700the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under contract No.20030423007.
文摘Experiments on the effects of nitric oxide （NO） and iron on the growth of marine microalgae Skeletonema costatum were conducted. The results are as follows： exogenous NO could increase the growth rate of marine algae and raise the biomass remarkably under iron-deficient conditions. But it was a complicated process that the phytoplankton growth was influenced by NO and iron, which was controlled by the NO concentration, the nutrition level of the culture medium and the iron concentration, etc. Meanwhile, the iron concentration in the medium also has a direct influence on the growth and NO release capacity of the algae. Therefore, the effects of NO and iron on the growth of marine phytoplankton were mutual.
文摘We investigated the effect of treatment temperature on the magnetic property of iron nitride foils irradiated with nitrogen plasma. The iron nitride foils irradiated with nitrogen plasma were composed of ε-Fe2/3N, γ'-Fe4N and γ nitrogen austenite in α-Fe of the matrix. The saturation magnetization of the iron nitride foils decreased with increasing the surface temperature. The coercive force of the iron nitride foils increased with increasing the surface temperature.
文摘Differences in the barley varieties have been revealed from tolerance to iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) ions as well as to their combined effect. Received results allowed to separate barley variety into some (three) groups: the first—Al-tolerant varieties, the second—Al-sensitive ones and third—moderately resistant variety. The increased concentration of Fe had practically no effect on biometric (seed germination energy) and cytogenetics (frequency of chromosome aberrations and mitotic index) parameters as compared to the reference values. At the same time, iron ion significantly reduces the phytotoxic effect for Al-tolerant varieties in case of these elements jointly presented in solution.
文摘It is well known that in pyroxene structure, there are two metal sites, M1 and M2.Generally speaking, ferrous iron in each of these sites would normally be expected to give rise to a doublet. However, anomies have been found in the relative areas of the peaks in the room temperature spectra of some clinopyroxene (CPX) when the above assigninent is folowed. Ac-cording to the calculation of Next Nearest Neighbor configurations of divalent cations in M1,we found that the four configurations of M1 can be divided into two groups. One group is 3Ca configuration that increases with the content of Ca (p. f. u); the other group is made up of three No-3Ca configurations that decrease with the content of Ca. The two groups contribute to the spectrum structure of M1, so in this study we fit two doublets for ferrous iron in M1.Though there were severa reports on Fe3+ in tetrahedral site previously, it wa not sure that Fe3+ occupies the T site is a universal fact in CPX, despite of the content of A1. We found that the Fe3+ in the T site fitted by Medauer spectroscopy is negatively correlated to the Si content in the T site and positively correlated to the Fe3 + in the T site estimated on the suppo-sition that Fe3+ and Al occupy the T site randomly. If it is true, it is important in the model-ing of ion exchange geobarometries and gepthermornetries.
文摘AIM To investigate the cost effectiveness of routine small bowel biopsies(SBBs) in patients with iron deficiency anemia(IDA) independent of their celiac disease(CD) serology test results.METHODS We used a state transition Markov model. Two strategies were compared: routine SBBs during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) in all patients with IDA regardless their celiac serology status(strategy A) vs SBBs only in IDA patients with positive serology(strategy B). The main outcomes were quality adjusted life years(QALY),average cost and the incremental cost effectiveness ratio(ICER). One way sensitivity analysis was performed on all variables and two way sensitivity analysis on selected variables were done. In order to validate the results,a Monte Carlo simulation of 100 sample trials with 10,and an acceptability curve were performed.RESULTS Strategy A of routine SBBs yielded 19.888 QALYs with a cost of $218.10 compared to 19.887 QALYs and $234.17 in strategy B. In terms of cost-effectiveness,strategy A was the dominant strategy,as long as the cost of SBBs stayed less than $67. In addition,the ICER of strategy A was preferable,providing the cost of biopsy stays under $77. Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated that strategy A yielded the same QALY but with lower costs than strategy B. CONCLUSION Our model suggests that EGD with routine SBBs is a cost-effective approach with improved QALYs in patients with IDA when the prevalence of CD is 5% or greater. SBBs should be a routine screening tool for CD among patients with IDA,regardless of their celiac antibody status.
文摘A total of 65 children with mild iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were divided into 5 groups, and received 0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg/day of vitamin C (VC) respectively every day for 8 weeks. Hemoglobin, serum ferritin, free erythrocyte and hematocrit were determined every week. At a daily average intake of about 30 mg of VC and 7.5 mg of Fe, the results of the study indicate that: (1) VC supplement alone could effectively control children's IDA, and a dose-dependant relationship was observed. (2) 50 mg/day of VC is the most efficient dosage and 6 weeks is the shortest time for an effective therapy. (3) With a diet predominately comprised of plant foods, it is suggested that appropriate dose of VC should be supplemented for the children during winter and spring in northeastern areas of China.
文摘The study assessed the effects of supplementary feeding over 180 consecutive days on iron status of infants and toddlers at six tea plantation in West Java, Indonesia. The design used was a clinical trial: two eohorts (i.e., 12 and 18 months old children) and three treatment groups (i.e., energy + micronutrient, micronutrient alone, and placebo) per cohort. Every day except Sunday, the infants attended day-care centers. Twenty four centers and 136 infants were selected. The infants were screened for weight and length and those meeting the criteria (i.e., <-1 SD of length-for-age, and between -1 and -2 SD of weight-for-length of the NCHS reference) were included. The experimental unit was the day-care centers (DCC), where each DCC was randomly assigned to one of the three treatment. As expected, groups of energy + micronutrient and micronutrient alone of the 12 months cohort experienced a significant upward shift in hemoglobin, ferritin and TS and a downward change in FEP, while the values for the group of placebo remain about the same as at base line. In the first 6 month of treatments, the ANOVA for each iron indicator yielded significant main effects of treatment (P<0.01) and for Hb with (P =0.059) on 12 months cohort. On the other hand, the main effects of treatment on hemoglobin, TS, ferritin and FEP were not significant for the 18 months cohort. In the second 6 month of treatments, the only significant of the treatment effect (P<0.01) was in serum ferritin on 18-month cohort. Under these circumstances, energy has a positive role in improving iron stores. It is likely that the equilibrium of hemoglobin and each iron indicators were reached in 6 months of treatment except ferritin still continued to increase up to 12 month. The effects of treatment on the improvement of iron status was stronger in 12 months than in 18 months
文摘Pyrus pashia Buch-Ham, a wild specie was used to investigate the physiological effects of iron deficiency in culture solution. The result showed that Chla, Chlb, total chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate(Pn) decreased sharply, and the decrease of Pn was prior to that of Chl content under the iron deficiency. The iron deficiency symptoms were visible when the iron concentration in culture medium was less than 25 μmol L-1. Peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) activity in iron-deficient leaves declined significantly, and POD was more sensitive than CAT to Fe deficiency. However, the positive correlation between CAT activity and Chl content was more significant than that between POD activity and Chl content. The content of nutrient elements in Fe-deficient leaves, which changed irregularly, were higher than that in normal leaves. There were a most significant positive correlation between active Fe and Chl content, and between active Fe and Pn respectively. Therefore, active Fe could be useful physiological predicting index for diagnosis.
文摘This work aims to establish comparisons between two models used for the performance of heat exchangers. The chosen system, in this case, consists of a heat exchanger used in automotive radiators flat finned tube type. Water and ethylene glycol compound as base fluid and volume fractions of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) are used as a refrigerant. The quantities determined in this work are the nanofluid exit temperature, the air exit temperature, the absolute error between the models for heat transfer rate, and Effectiveness. The quantities that constitute parameters, independent variables, are the airflow, represented by the Reynolds number, and the iron oxide volume fraction. Ethylene Glycol 50% compound has slightly better thermal performance than pure water and reduces the reactive effect of water on the environment, increasing the average life of the equipment. The absolute relative error between the models is less than 20% and presents maximum values with the increase of the nanoparticle volume fraction and growth in the Reynolds number for the air.
文摘目的分析规范诊治联合基于问题学习(PBL)式健康教育对高海拔地区藏族孕产妇缺铁性贫血(IDA)治疗效果与妊娠结局的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选取2023年1—12月在日喀则市妇幼保健院建档、产检并分娩的358例藏族孕产妇为研究对象,采用随机数字表分为研究组(180例)和对照组(178例)。对照组给予规范诊治,研究组给予规范诊治联合PBL式健康教育。比较两组遵医行为,孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期、产后24 h IDA发生率与血液指标变化,不良妊娠结局发生情况。结果研究组孕期保健、血常规检测、膳食营养、合理运动、遵医嘱用药及遵医行为量表总分分别为(11.23±2.28)分、(11.85±2.40)分、(12.07±1.30)分、(12.44±1.49)分、(13.59±1.71)分、(61.18±6.79)分;对照组孕期保健、血常规检测、膳食营养、合理运动、遵医嘱用药及遵医行为量表总分分别为(8.08±4.60)分、(9.56±3.98)分、(10.22±1.97)分、(11.93±2.28)分、(7.30±2.80)分、(47.11±11.30)分。研究组遵医行为量表5个模块评分及总评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。研究组中,孕早期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为12.78%、41.67%,孕中期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为11.67%、66.67%,孕晚期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为10.56%、62.22%,产后24 h海拔校正前后IDA发生率为18.33%、73.89%;对照组中,孕早期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为12.36%、41.01%,孕中期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为12.92%、76.97%,孕晚期海拔校正前后IDA发生率为11.80%、72.47%,产后24 h海拔校正前后IDA发生率为27.53%、91.57%。海拔校正前,两组孕早、中、晚期IDA发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。海拔校正后,两组孕早期IDA发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),孕中期、孕晚期、产后24 h IDA发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。孕晚期和产后24 h,研究组红细胞(RBC)均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。孕中期、孕晚期、产后24 h,研究组血红蛋白、红细胞比容(Hct)校正值均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。研究组产后出血、产褥感染、胎儿窘迫、胎膜早破、低出生体重儿、妊娠期高血压疾病发生率均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论规范诊治联合PBL式健康教育可以提升高海拔地区藏族孕产妇IDA遵医行为,降低IDA发生率,改善妊娠结局。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21503215)
文摘A sustainable strategy for Fischer–Tropsch iron catalysts is successfully achieved by embedding of synergistic promoters from a renewable resource, corncob. The iron-based catalysts, named as 'corncob-driven'catalysts, are composed of iron species supported on carbon as primary active components and various minerals(K, Mg, Ca, and Si, etc.) as promoters. The corncob-driven catalysts are facilely synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal treatment under mild conditions. The characterization results indicate that the formation of iron carbides from humboldtine is clearly enhanced and the morphology of catalyst particles tends to be more regular microspheres after adding corncob. It is observed that the optimized corncob-driven catalyst exhibits a higher conversion than without promoters' catalyst in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis(ca. 73% vs. ca. 49%). More importantly, a synergistic effect exists in multiple promoters from corncob that can enhance heavy hydrocarbons selectivity and lower CO_2 selectivity, obviously different from the catalyst with promoters from chemicals. The proposed synthesis route of corncob-driven catalysts provides new strategies for the utilization of renewable resources and elimination of environmental pollutants from chemical promoters.
基金support for this work was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41772339,41877281,and 52178372).
文摘This study aimed to reveal the influence of different free-iron-oxides contents on the strength and deformation characteristics of in situ lateritic soil.A test method that combined the selective chemical dissolution method and in situ Ménard pressuremeter test(PMT)was proposed.The soaking time in dithioniteecitrateebicarbonate(DCB)solution was used as a variable to control the free-iron-oxides content in lateritic soil.Then,the in situ lateritic soil boreholes with different soaking time were tested by PMT.The results showed that the in situ horizontal pressure p0,critical edge pressure pf,ultimate pressure prediction pl,pressuremeter modulus Em,shear modulus Gm,and foundation-bearing capacity f0k of lateritic soil decreased rapidly after immersing in DCB solution within 1e4 d.With increasing soaking time,the decrease rate reduced gradually.Moreover,the relationship curve between free-iron-oxides content and soaking time declined rapidly and then stabilized,and the free-iron-oxides content at the inflection point was 30.11 g/kg.When the free-iron-oxides content changed to the inflection point,the free-iron-oxides that played a cementing role was largely removed,indicating that the effective cementing iron-content of Miaoling lateritic soil was about 52.9%.This study demonstrated that the proposed test method can determine the influence of free-iron-oxides content on the strength and deformation characteristics of lateritic soil.
