This work evaluates an architecture for decentralized authentication of Internet of Things(IoT)devices in Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite networks using IOTA Identity technology.To the best of our knowledge,it is the fi...This work evaluates an architecture for decentralized authentication of Internet of Things(IoT)devices in Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite networks using IOTA Identity technology.To the best of our knowledge,it is the first proposal to integrate IOTA’s Directed Acyclic Graph(DAG)-based identity framework into satellite IoT environments,enabling lightweight and distributed authentication under intermittent connectivity.The system leverages Decentralized Identifiers(DIDs)and Verifiable Credentials(VCs)over the Tangle,eliminating the need for mining and sequential blocks.An identity management workflow is implemented that supports the creation,validation,deactivation,and reactivation of IoT devices,and is experimentally validated on the Shimmer Testnet.Three metrics are defined and measured:resolution time,deactivation time,and reactivation time.To improve robustness,an algorithmic optimization is introduced that minimizes communication overhead and reduces latency during deactivation.The experimental results are compared with orbital simulations of satellite revisit times to assess operational feasibility.Unlike blockchain-based approaches,which typically suffer from high confirmation delays and scalability constraints,the proposed DAG architecture provides fast,cost-free operations suitable for resource-constrained IoT devices.The results show that authentication can be efficiently performed within satellite connectivity windows,positioning IOTA Identity as a viable solution for secure and scalable IoT authentication in LEO satellite networks.展开更多
The common cold is caused by a large range of respiratory viruses and is the most common disease of mankind. There is a great need for a prophylactic treatment for colds. Specific antiviral treatments are only effecti...The common cold is caused by a large range of respiratory viruses and is the most common disease of mankind. There is a great need for a prophylactic treatment for colds. Specific antiviral treatments are only effective against one group of viruses and there is a need for a non-specific treatment that can be used against all respiratory viruses. Carrageenan is a general term used to describe a range of sulfated polysaccharides extracted from edible seaweeds. Large polyanionic molecules such as carrageenan have been shown to have antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses in vitro. The strong anionic charge of carrageenan attracts and traps viruses that have positively charged areas on their surface. The trapped viruses are then unable to infect epithelial cells. Iota-carrageenan exerts its’ antiviral activity by physical means due to its high anionic charge and it does not have any pharmacological properties and therefore does not have any toxicology or known side effects from treatment. Iota-carrageenan does not have any taste or smell and, when used as a nasal spray, does not have any adverse effects. Iota-carrageenan is an ideal prophylactic treatment for the common cold and is safe for use in children. Treatment of common cold with iota-carrageenan has to date been studied in five placebo-controlled clinical trials and these trials support both efficacy as a prophylactic treatment for colds and the safety and tolerability of iota-carrageenan.展开更多
The Internet of Things Application(IOTA) is an innovative public blockchain system tailored for the Internet of Things(IoT), focusing on challenges such as micro-payments, concurrency, and scalability. However, its di...The Internet of Things Application(IOTA) is an innovative public blockchain system tailored for the Internet of Things(IoT), focusing on challenges such as micro-payments, concurrency, and scalability. However, its distributed ledger,which utilizes a directed acyclic graph(DAG) structure, is vulnerable to double-spending attacks. To mitigate this risk,we propose a countermeasure employing zero-determinant(ZD) strategies to encourage honest transactions among nodes.First, we analyze the game-theoretic interactions between the IOTA committee and nodes, modeling them as an iterated prisoner's dilemma and deriving the conditions under which this dilemma holds. Next, we explore the conditions under which the IOTA committee can adopt ZD strategies, demonstrating the feasibility of unilaterally controlling node payoffs.Finally, theoretical analysis and experimental validation confirm the effectiveness of the proposed countermeasure, offering a novel game-theoretic solution for enhancing IOTA's security.展开更多
目的:探讨国际卵巢肿瘤研究组(International ovarian of tumor analysis,IOTA)Logistic回归模型LR2预测卵巢良恶性肿瘤的价值。方法:选取2016年1月—2017年3月因附件包块在郑州大学第三附属医院住院并行手术治疗的215例患者,所有患者...目的:探讨国际卵巢肿瘤研究组(International ovarian of tumor analysis,IOTA)Logistic回归模型LR2预测卵巢良恶性肿瘤的价值。方法:选取2016年1月—2017年3月因附件包块在郑州大学第三附属医院住院并行手术治疗的215例患者,所有患者术前均接受超声检查,观察、总结声像图特点,用IOTA后处理软件计算风险值,随访术后病理结果,计算IOTA Logistic回归模型LR2的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、阳性似然比、阴性似然比及受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)。结果:病例组共215例,其中良性肿瘤126例(58.6%),恶性肿瘤89例(41.4%),LR2的灵敏度为95.5%(95%CI:90.4%~98.3%),特异度为76.2%(95%CI:62.7%~87.7%),AUC为0.89(SE=0.024,95%CI:0.87~0.91)。结论:IOTA Logistic回归模型LR2在预测卵巢肿瘤方面有较高的应用价值,可作为非妇产科或者低年资超声科医师诊断卵巢肿瘤的辅助方法。展开更多
基金This work is part of the‘Intelligent and Cyber-Secure Platform for Adaptive Optimization in the Simultaneous Operation of Heterogeneous Autonomous Robots(PICRAH4.0)’with reference MIG-20232082,funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033supported by the Universidad Internacional de La Rioja(UNIR)through the Precompetitive Research Project entitled“Nuevos Horizontes en Internet de las Cosas y NewSpace(NEWIOT)”,reference PP-2024-13,funded under the 2024 Call for Research Projects.
文摘This work evaluates an architecture for decentralized authentication of Internet of Things(IoT)devices in Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite networks using IOTA Identity technology.To the best of our knowledge,it is the first proposal to integrate IOTA’s Directed Acyclic Graph(DAG)-based identity framework into satellite IoT environments,enabling lightweight and distributed authentication under intermittent connectivity.The system leverages Decentralized Identifiers(DIDs)and Verifiable Credentials(VCs)over the Tangle,eliminating the need for mining and sequential blocks.An identity management workflow is implemented that supports the creation,validation,deactivation,and reactivation of IoT devices,and is experimentally validated on the Shimmer Testnet.Three metrics are defined and measured:resolution time,deactivation time,and reactivation time.To improve robustness,an algorithmic optimization is introduced that minimizes communication overhead and reduces latency during deactivation.The experimental results are compared with orbital simulations of satellite revisit times to assess operational feasibility.Unlike blockchain-based approaches,which typically suffer from high confirmation delays and scalability constraints,the proposed DAG architecture provides fast,cost-free operations suitable for resource-constrained IoT devices.The results show that authentication can be efficiently performed within satellite connectivity windows,positioning IOTA Identity as a viable solution for secure and scalable IoT authentication in LEO satellite networks.
文摘The common cold is caused by a large range of respiratory viruses and is the most common disease of mankind. There is a great need for a prophylactic treatment for colds. Specific antiviral treatments are only effective against one group of viruses and there is a need for a non-specific treatment that can be used against all respiratory viruses. Carrageenan is a general term used to describe a range of sulfated polysaccharides extracted from edible seaweeds. Large polyanionic molecules such as carrageenan have been shown to have antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses in vitro. The strong anionic charge of carrageenan attracts and traps viruses that have positively charged areas on their surface. The trapped viruses are then unable to infect epithelial cells. Iota-carrageenan exerts its’ antiviral activity by physical means due to its high anionic charge and it does not have any pharmacological properties and therefore does not have any toxicology or known side effects from treatment. Iota-carrageenan does not have any taste or smell and, when used as a nasal spray, does not have any adverse effects. Iota-carrageenan is an ideal prophylactic treatment for the common cold and is safe for use in children. Treatment of common cold with iota-carrageenan has to date been studied in five placebo-controlled clinical trials and these trials support both efficacy as a prophylactic treatment for colds and the safety and tolerability of iota-carrageenan.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia, China (Grant No. 2024LHMS06013)Basic Research Funds for Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region’s Directly Affiliated Universities in 2025 (Grant No. NCYWS25019)+2 种基金the Regional Digital Economy and Digital Governance Research Center (Grant No. szzl202401)the Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform at Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics (Grant No. JXZD2405)the 2025 High-Quality Research Achievement Cultivation Fund Project of Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics (Grant No. GZCG2529)。
文摘The Internet of Things Application(IOTA) is an innovative public blockchain system tailored for the Internet of Things(IoT), focusing on challenges such as micro-payments, concurrency, and scalability. However, its distributed ledger,which utilizes a directed acyclic graph(DAG) structure, is vulnerable to double-spending attacks. To mitigate this risk,we propose a countermeasure employing zero-determinant(ZD) strategies to encourage honest transactions among nodes.First, we analyze the game-theoretic interactions between the IOTA committee and nodes, modeling them as an iterated prisoner's dilemma and deriving the conditions under which this dilemma holds. Next, we explore the conditions under which the IOTA committee can adopt ZD strategies, demonstrating the feasibility of unilaterally controlling node payoffs.Finally, theoretical analysis and experimental validation confirm the effectiveness of the proposed countermeasure, offering a novel game-theoretic solution for enhancing IOTA's security.
