With the in-depth implementation of sustainable development strategies,hydrogen energy as a clean energy source is receiving increasing attention[1,2].Among the various methods of hydrogen production,the electrocataly...With the in-depth implementation of sustainable development strategies,hydrogen energy as a clean energy source is receiving increasing attention[1,2].Among the various methods of hydrogen production,the electrocatalytic decomposition of abundant seawater into hydrogen utilizing renewable energy has emerged as a green and promising approach.However,natural seawater contains complex components,such as halide ions,which lead to the corrosion of catalysts or the occurrence of competitive side reactions during the electrolysis process[3].展开更多
The bump-on-tail(BOT)instability is generally caused by a beam of energetic particles existing in relatively cold background plasma.The employment of second-stage wave-driven module in the variable specific impulse ma...The bump-on-tail(BOT)instability is generally caused by a beam of energetic particles existing in relatively cold background plasma.The employment of second-stage wave-driven module in the variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rocket(VASIMR)yields the production of energetic ions,which could drive the BOT instability.The present work explores this possibility for the first time via numerical simulations based on the experimental data on the VASIMR,i.e.,referring to VX-50.It is found that the BOT instability does exist even in the plume region away from antenna.The results indicate that velocity space diffusion provides a stabilizing effect on the nonlinear evolution of waves,while dissipation in the bulk plasma essentially impedes it.To show the practical values implied by these computations,the influences of this BOT instability on the power coupling and thrust are investigated particularly.These findings are valuable for VASIMR,as well as other plasma thrusters that yield energetic particles inside relatively cold background plasma,to suppress BOT instability and thus increase the power coupling efficiency and thrust performance.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Research Start-up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(No.NY223016)Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province of China2024 Nanjing Science and Technology Innovation Program(No.NJKCZYZZ2024-06)。
文摘With the in-depth implementation of sustainable development strategies,hydrogen energy as a clean energy source is receiving increasing attention[1,2].Among the various methods of hydrogen production,the electrocatalytic decomposition of abundant seawater into hydrogen utilizing renewable energy has emerged as a green and promising approach.However,natural seawater contains complex components,such as halide ions,which lead to the corrosion of catalysts or the occurrence of competitive side reactions during the electrolysis process[3].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92271113 and 12105324)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022CDJQY-003)the Chongqing Entrepreneurship and Innovation Support Program for Overseas Returnees(CX2022004).
文摘The bump-on-tail(BOT)instability is generally caused by a beam of energetic particles existing in relatively cold background plasma.The employment of second-stage wave-driven module in the variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rocket(VASIMR)yields the production of energetic ions,which could drive the BOT instability.The present work explores this possibility for the first time via numerical simulations based on the experimental data on the VASIMR,i.e.,referring to VX-50.It is found that the BOT instability does exist even in the plume region away from antenna.The results indicate that velocity space diffusion provides a stabilizing effect on the nonlinear evolution of waves,while dissipation in the bulk plasma essentially impedes it.To show the practical values implied by these computations,the influences of this BOT instability on the power coupling and thrust are investigated particularly.These findings are valuable for VASIMR,as well as other plasma thrusters that yield energetic particles inside relatively cold background plasma,to suppress BOT instability and thus increase the power coupling efficiency and thrust performance.
