Traditional ratio like expected backorder （EBO） ascertaining the inventory strategy of spare parts in practical applications, only eyes on the spare parts inventory system itself, and ignores, the effect of the syst...Traditional ratio like expected backorder （EBO） ascertaining the inventory strategy of spare parts in practical applications, only eyes on the spare parts inventory system itself, and ignores, the effect of the system information on aircraft or other spaxe parts. In this paper, we introduce the ratio of Aircraft perfect rate, it is a synthesis index to reflect the whole aircraft status, and can deal with spare parts inventory system, concerning not only EBO of spare parts, but also the influence of it on aircraft and other spare parts possibly. We provide the process of calculation that demonstrate how to buy spare parts in case of the maintenance power of aircraft, and have got a clear inventory strategy of spare parts, its easy implementation is illustrated in a case study.展开更多
The national Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan required significant decreases in PM_（2.5） levels over China.To explore more effective emission abatement strategies in industrial cities,a case study wa...The national Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan required significant decreases in PM_（2.5） levels over China.To explore more effective emission abatement strategies in industrial cities,a case study was conducted in Baotou to evaluate the current national control measures.The total emissions of SO_2,NO_X,PM_（2.5） and NMVOC（non-methane volatile organic compounds） in Baotou were 211.2 Gg,156.1 Gg,28.8 Gg,and 48.5 Gg,respectively in 2013,and they would experience a reduction of 30.4%,26.6%,15.1%,and 8.7%,respectively in 2017 and 39.0%,32.0%,24.4%,and 12.9%,respectively in2020.The SO_2,NO_Xand PM_（2.5） emissions from the industrial sector would experience a greater decrease,with reductions of 37%,32.7 and 24.3%,respectively.From 2013 to 2020,the concentrations of SO_2,NO_2,and PM_（2.5） are expected to decline by approximately 30%,10% and 14.5%,respectively.The reduction rate of SNA（sulfate,nitrate and ammonium）concentrations was significantly higher than that of PM_（2.5） in 2017,implying that the current key strategy toward controlling air pollutants from the industrial sector is more powerful for SNA.Although air pollution control measures implemented in the industrial sector could greatly reduce total emissions,constraining the emissions from lower sources such as residential coal combustion would be more effective in decreasing the concentration of PM_（2.5） from 2017 to 2020.These results suggest that even for a typical industrial city,the reduction of PM_（2.5） concentrations not only requires decreases in emissions from the industrial sector,but also from the low emission sources.The seasonal variation in sulfate concentration also showed that emission from coal-burning is the key factor to control during the heating season.展开更多
One hundred and fifteen first-year students of Greek took the SILL （Strategy Inventory for Language Learning） questionnaire in an attempt to reveal and activate potential a successful and widely used questionnaire l...One hundred and fifteen first-year students of Greek took the SILL （Strategy Inventory for Language Learning） questionnaire in an attempt to reveal and activate potential a successful and widely used questionnaire like SILL might have but not identified and investigated so far. The first original point to be investigated, tackled in a previous experiment （Kambakis-Vougiouklis, 2012）, concerns users＇ confidence whether their choice of a specific strategy is effective while the second point concerns the use of the bar as an alternative statistical tool. More specifically, in this particular experiment the bar is not divided only into five equal length spaces as in the first experiment but also into five equal area spaces according to Gauss distribution, giving the researcher the chance to investigate possible differences between two ways of data processing--an advantage only the use of the bar could provide in the analysis stage. Additionally, there are advantages concerning results collection, as subjects and researcher will have a completely free choice among infinite points on a line rather than a limited 3, 4, 5, and 6 of a Likert scale, avoiding at the same time fine verbal differences between different subdivisions. Although the two different methods of processing performed homogeneous behaviour with not statistically considerable differences, it needs further applications in order to reach safe conclusions展开更多
The carbon emission from the wastage of deteriorating items is very harmful to the environment.In general,it is believed that every item in a lot size is of high quality but practically it may not be possible that all...The carbon emission from the wastage of deteriorating items is very harmful to the environment.In general,it is believed that every item in a lot size is of high quality but practically it may not be possible that all products are of excellent quality.The deteriorating items may have a high deterioration rate and deteriorate as time passes.They can be managed with the help of preservation technologies,but involving high cost.Furthermore,shortages arise due to the deterioration of commodities,consequently influencing the demand for the product.The objective of the study is to examine the impact of carbon emission and the pattern of demand due to a shortage of products on the retailer’s total profit with the passage of time.Also,trade credit policies play a vital role for buyers and sellers and consequently impact overall profitability.Considering the importance of these factors,we have proposed a profit maximization model which incorporates trade-credit financing policy,carbon emissions,and the learning effect.This study examines how the learning effects impact the deteriorating items when trade-credit financing takes place.Detailed sensitivity analysis and numerical examples are presented to analyse the impact of model parameters on profit function.The application,future work,and managerial insight have been presented in this proposed study.展开更多
文摘Traditional ratio like expected backorder （EBO） ascertaining the inventory strategy of spare parts in practical applications, only eyes on the spare parts inventory system itself, and ignores, the effect of the system information on aircraft or other spaxe parts. In this paper, we introduce the ratio of Aircraft perfect rate, it is a synthesis index to reflect the whole aircraft status, and can deal with spare parts inventory system, concerning not only EBO of spare parts, but also the influence of it on aircraft and other spare parts possibly. We provide the process of calculation that demonstrate how to buy spare parts in case of the maintenance power of aircraft, and have got a clear inventory strategy of spare parts, its easy implementation is illustrated in a case study.
基金supported by the Special Scientific Research Fund of the Environmental Protection Commonwealth Section(Nos.201409003,201509020)
文摘The national Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan required significant decreases in PM_（2.5） levels over China.To explore more effective emission abatement strategies in industrial cities,a case study was conducted in Baotou to evaluate the current national control measures.The total emissions of SO_2,NO_X,PM_（2.5） and NMVOC（non-methane volatile organic compounds） in Baotou were 211.2 Gg,156.1 Gg,28.8 Gg,and 48.5 Gg,respectively in 2013,and they would experience a reduction of 30.4%,26.6%,15.1%,and 8.7%,respectively in 2017 and 39.0%,32.0%,24.4%,and 12.9%,respectively in2020.The SO_2,NO_Xand PM_（2.5） emissions from the industrial sector would experience a greater decrease,with reductions of 37%,32.7 and 24.3%,respectively.From 2013 to 2020,the concentrations of SO_2,NO_2,and PM_（2.5） are expected to decline by approximately 30%,10% and 14.5%,respectively.The reduction rate of SNA（sulfate,nitrate and ammonium）concentrations was significantly higher than that of PM_（2.5） in 2017,implying that the current key strategy toward controlling air pollutants from the industrial sector is more powerful for SNA.Although air pollution control measures implemented in the industrial sector could greatly reduce total emissions,constraining the emissions from lower sources such as residential coal combustion would be more effective in decreasing the concentration of PM_（2.5） from 2017 to 2020.These results suggest that even for a typical industrial city,the reduction of PM_（2.5） concentrations not only requires decreases in emissions from the industrial sector,but also from the low emission sources.The seasonal variation in sulfate concentration also showed that emission from coal-burning is the key factor to control during the heating season.
文摘One hundred and fifteen first-year students of Greek took the SILL （Strategy Inventory for Language Learning） questionnaire in an attempt to reveal and activate potential a successful and widely used questionnaire like SILL might have but not identified and investigated so far. The first original point to be investigated, tackled in a previous experiment （Kambakis-Vougiouklis, 2012）, concerns users＇ confidence whether their choice of a specific strategy is effective while the second point concerns the use of the bar as an alternative statistical tool. More specifically, in this particular experiment the bar is not divided only into five equal length spaces as in the first experiment but also into five equal area spaces according to Gauss distribution, giving the researcher the chance to investigate possible differences between two ways of data processing--an advantage only the use of the bar could provide in the analysis stage. Additionally, there are advantages concerning results collection, as subjects and researcher will have a completely free choice among infinite points on a line rather than a limited 3, 4, 5, and 6 of a Likert scale, avoiding at the same time fine verbal differences between different subdivisions. Although the two different methods of processing performed homogeneous behaviour with not statistically considerable differences, it needs further applications in order to reach safe conclusions
文摘The carbon emission from the wastage of deteriorating items is very harmful to the environment.In general,it is believed that every item in a lot size is of high quality but practically it may not be possible that all products are of excellent quality.The deteriorating items may have a high deterioration rate and deteriorate as time passes.They can be managed with the help of preservation technologies,but involving high cost.Furthermore,shortages arise due to the deterioration of commodities,consequently influencing the demand for the product.The objective of the study is to examine the impact of carbon emission and the pattern of demand due to a shortage of products on the retailer’s total profit with the passage of time.Also,trade credit policies play a vital role for buyers and sellers and consequently impact overall profitability.Considering the importance of these factors,we have proposed a profit maximization model which incorporates trade-credit financing policy,carbon emissions,and the learning effect.This study examines how the learning effects impact the deteriorating items when trade-credit financing takes place.Detailed sensitivity analysis and numerical examples are presented to analyse the impact of model parameters on profit function.The application,future work,and managerial insight have been presented in this proposed study.
