Constructing a model for international carbon emissions trading is an effective method to curb global warming through a market mechanism.Although the international carbon emissions market generates substantial profits...Constructing a model for international carbon emissions trading is an effective method to curb global warming through a market mechanism.Although the international carbon emissions market generates substantial profits,the relevant trading mechanism has been far from perfect.The perfect mechanism for international carbon emissions trading should be a revealing preference game.In other words,only if all players in this game truly show their information and preferences can the Nash outcome be Pareto efficient and fair.China should actively participate in the international carbon emissions trading game;promote efficiency,justice,rationality,and the quality of being manipulation-free in the carbon emissions market;and play a more important role in perfecting the international carbon emissions trading mechanism.展开更多
The paper focuses on links between the EU ETS （European Union Emissions Trading Scheme） and selected （domestic） greenhouse gas ETS （emissions trading schemes） from Asia and North America which could open up a pe...The paper focuses on links between the EU ETS （European Union Emissions Trading Scheme） and selected （domestic） greenhouse gas ETS （emissions trading schemes） from Asia and North America which could open up a perspective to keep the idea of emissions trading alive on a global scale and confront the actual uncertainty in future climate policy. The approach consists of investigating qualitatively the essential requirements of this alternative bottom-up approach. It is evaluated if variations or inconsistencies in the structure and design of domestic ETS as well as legal and institutional characteristics harm or facilitate the concept of linking with the EU ETS. The evaluation of systems leads to the exclusion of systems with voluntary character, relative caps, unrestricted borrowing and price caps from the group of potential linking candidates.展开更多
The CMC International and Domestic Trade Division under the China National Machinery Import & Export Corporation has, in accordance with the CMC’s strategic goals, worked out the following business guidelines: in...The CMC International and Domestic Trade Division under the China National Machinery Import & Export Corporation has, in accordance with the CMC’s strategic goals, worked out the following business guidelines: internal trade is the basis of external trade, and external trade is a supplementary to internal trade; domestic and overseas markets and resources should be used effectively, and internal trade and external trade should be coordinated and handled in a unified way. The Division’s business concept is to conduct trade-dominated business backed by展开更多
The Vietnam International Trade Fair for Apparel,Textiles and Textile Technologies(VIATT)is poised to return to the Saigon Exhibition and Convention Center(SECC)from February 26-28,2026.Building on its second edition...The Vietnam International Trade Fair for Apparel,Textiles and Textile Technologies(VIATT)is poised to return to the Saigon Exhibition and Convention Center(SECC)from February 26-28,2026.Building on its second edition’s nearly 13-percent exhibitor growth,next year’s show floor will expand by 20 percent,from 15,000 to 18,000 square meters and cover the full area of Halls A and B.This includes new dedicated zones for apparel,fashion accessories,and textile chemicals and dyes,with the strategic growth underscoring Vietnam’s emergence as a vertically and horizontally integrated textile powerhouse.展开更多
Operating out of Shanghai,Brujas Textile Tech(Shanghai)Co.,Ltd.(“Brujas”)is a wholly owned subsidiary of Guangshan White Shark Card Clothing Co.,Ltd.(“White Shark”)tasked with providing international trade service...Operating out of Shanghai,Brujas Textile Tech(Shanghai)Co.,Ltd.(“Brujas”)is a wholly owned subsidiary of Guangshan White Shark Card Clothing Co.,Ltd.(“White Shark”)tasked with providing international trade services to support its parent company's global operations.Whereas White Shark,as the parent company founded in 1962,is the manufacture facilities located in Xinyang,Henan Province.Brujas was founded in 1908 by the Brujas family in Terrassa,Spain.In 2008,White Shark integrated Brujas brand into its production and added European experience and knowledge that continues in the production today.This enables White Shark and Brujas to provide customers with the best,personalized carding solutions.White Shark and Brujas service 8700 clients in over 40 countries globally.The main products of the company include but not limited to:metallic card clothing,flat tops,stationary flat,circular comb,combing roller,cleaning fillet,raising fillet,flexible fillet etc.,and they are widely used in the areas of cotton spinning,non-woven materials,wool and linen spinning.展开更多
China Pavilion Opens at Expo 2025 Osaka On April 13,2025,the China Pavilion at the Expo 2025 Osaka in Japan was officially opened.The opening ceremony was attended by Chinese and foreign vips,including Ren Hongbin,C...China Pavilion Opens at Expo 2025 Osaka On April 13,2025,the China Pavilion at the Expo 2025 Osaka in Japan was officially opened.The opening ceremony was attended by Chinese and foreign vips,including Ren Hongbin,Chairman of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT);Alain Berger,President of the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE);Dimitri Kerkentzes,Secretary General of the BIE.展开更多
Forests are essential for both ecological and economic aspects.Most rural people in developing countries rely on forest resources for their livelihood.Since 1980,trade has substantially affected forest cover,density,a...Forests are essential for both ecological and economic aspects.Most rural people in developing countries rely on forest resources for their livelihood.Since 1980,trade has substantially affected forest cover,density,and management in developing countries.Few studies have examined how changes in trade structure and international trade in primary commodities affect forest density.To better understand the relationship between trade,trade structure adjustment,and forest density,this study examined 52 developing countries across four income levels:high income(HI),low income(LI),upper-middle income(UMI),and lower-middle income(LMI).We compared studies on historical changes in forest cover with those on forest density.For alternative outcomes,we used a generalized method of moments(GMM)model for the entire panel and a random-effects model for various income categories.The results show that the percentage of non-primary goods exported(PNPEXP)and total manufacturing and services exported(TEXP)significantly impact forest density.This suggests that trade and trade structure can improve a country’s forest density conditions.展开更多
The 9th International Mediation Summit Held in Haikou On December 3,the 9th International Mediation Summit was held in Haikou,Hainan Province.Nie Wenhui, Vice Chairman of the China Council for the Promotion of Interna...The 9th International Mediation Summit Held in Haikou On December 3,the 9th International Mediation Summit was held in Haikou,Hainan Province.Nie Wenhui, Vice Chairman of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT),attended the Summit and delivered an opening speech and a keynote address.展开更多
With increasingly severe global climate change,a low-carbon economy has become an inevitable trend in the development of the international community.Low-carbon economy is not only related to environmental protection b...With increasingly severe global climate change,a low-carbon economy has become an inevitable trend in the development of the international community.Low-carbon economy is not only related to environmental protection but also has a profound impact on international trade.The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of a low-carbon economy on the development of international trade and put forward corresponding strategy suggestions.By analyzing the connotation,characteristics,and mechanism of the low-carbon economy on international trade,this paper reveals the important role of the low-carbon economy in promoting the optimization of international trade structure,promoting green technology innovation,and strengthening international cooperation.At the same time,given the challenges brought by a low-carbon economy,this paper puts forward strategies such as strengthening policy guidance,promoting green technology innovation,and improving international trade rules to provide a reference for the sustainable development of international trade[1,2].展开更多
From a life cycle perspective,the material flow analysis is utilized to investigate the lithium material flows in international trade from 2000 to 2019.The results reveal that at the global level,the total volume of l...From a life cycle perspective,the material flow analysis is utilized to investigate the lithium material flows in international trade from 2000 to 2019.The results reveal that at the global level,the total volume of lithium trade grew rapidly,reaching 121116 t in 2019.Lithium trade was dominated by lithium minerals,lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide rather than final lithium products,indicating an immaturity in global lithium industry.At the intercontinental level,Asia’s import trade and Oceania’s export trade led the world,accounting for 81.22%and 39.68%,respectively.At the national level,China,Japan and Korea became the main importers,while Chile and Australia were the main exporters.In addition,China’s trade volume far exceeded that of the United States.China’s exports were dominated by lithium-ion batteries,while the United States mainly imported lithium-ion batteries,proving that the development of China’s lithium industry was relatively faster.展开更多
The Fourth Industrial Revolution has endowed the concept of state sovereignty with new era-specific connotations,leading to the emergence of the theory of data sovereignty.While countries refine their domestic legisla...The Fourth Industrial Revolution has endowed the concept of state sovereignty with new era-specific connotations,leading to the emergence of the theory of data sovereignty.While countries refine their domestic legislation to establish their data sovereignty,they are also actively engaging in the negotiation of cross-border data flow rules within international trade agreements to construct data sovereignty.During these negotiations,countries express differing regulatory claims,with some focusing on safeguarding sovereignty and protecting human rights,some prioritizing economic promotion and security assurance,and others targeting traditional and innovative digital trade barriers.These varied approaches reflect the tension between three pairs of values:collectivism and individualism,freedom and security,and tradition and innovation.Based on their distinct value pursuits,three representative models of data sovereignty construction have emerged globally.At the current juncture,when international rules for digital trade are still in their nascent stages,China should timely establish its data sovereignty rules,actively participate in global data sovereignty competition,and balance its sovereignty interests with other interests.Specifically,China should explore the scope of system-acceptable digital trade barriers through free trade zones;integrate domestic and international legal frameworks to ensure the alignment of China’s data governance legislation with its obligations under international trade agreements;and use the development of the“Digital Silk Road”as a starting point to prioritize the formation of digital trade rules with countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative,promoting the Chinese solutions internationally.展开更多
The Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)is a project that has heavy emphasis on basic infrastructure and is sponsored by the government of the People’s Republic of China.It deeply impacts Africa’s economy in terms of its t...The Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)is a project that has heavy emphasis on basic infrastructure and is sponsored by the government of the People’s Republic of China.It deeply impacts Africa’s economy in terms of its transport infrastructure investments.Railways,ports,and transnational infrastructure have been made not only as tools for economic integration and trade expansion between countries but also as ways of including people in development processes.Out of many BRI promises,one of them entails the potential to uplift peripheral areas,with the hope of giving these areas that have traditionally been expensive capitals and government investors a chance.Though the claims surrounding this initiative are robust,an interview with current practitioners on the ground brings to the fore a problematic concern:precisely to what extent have the rural poor across the wealthiest subregions of Africa,the continent’s least fortunate and most underserved populations,benefited to any significant degree from these infrastructure projects?An exploration of a central contradiction about the BRI:inevitably,it involves the fact that through BRI infrastructure,regions are connected to a better,easier trade system.However,sociopolitical benefits fully tend to be in the hands of the ruling elite,foreign contractors,and the urban centers.However,the majority of those citizens who most need economic injection will stand aside from either the decision-making process or be cut off from partaking in the ongoing benefits.Therefore,projects that should reverse existing disparities might actually maintain or even worsen the old problems.The research topic spans three transport works under the BRI in Africa,which are Tanzania Zambia Railway(TAZARA),Addis Ababa Djibouti Railway,and the Port of Djibouti,with the aim of assessing any poverty alleviation carried directly by these works among marginalized demographics.This paper collects data on project outcomes in more neutral and local indicators,such as job creation,market access,skills development,and recovery of tourist attractions.Pro-poor tourism literature as well as the theory of development are being discussed,and the point is made that the investment size is not the key to solving everything that will end all poverty.Instead,it is about the careful consideration behind each and every project’s design and execution as to whether it addresses the systemic poverty that has existed for a long period of time.Participatory planning,transparent governance,and common ownership of capacity building and community,as the last part of policy offerings,are the suggestions provided.These will determine if BRI infrastructure can be turned from a bilateral,top-down pattern of integration and interaction to a real field of multidimensional and accountable development in Africa.展开更多
This article focuses on the development of the international service trade statistics system.The 1994 General Agreement on Trade in Services(GATS)provided a institutional basis for service trade statistics.The 2002“I...This article focuses on the development of the international service trade statistics system.The 1994 General Agreement on Trade in Services(GATS)provided a institutional basis for service trade statistics.The 2002“International Service Trade Statistics Manual”(MSITS 2002)established the international balance of payments statistics paradigm.The revised MSITS 2010 in 2010 introduced the expanded balance of payments service classification(EBOPS 2010),incorporating foreign affiliate service trade statistics(FATS),and constructing a comprehensive statistics system.The update of MSITS 2010 originated from changes in the global economic environment,technological progress leading to diversified forms of service trade,and the demands of international service trade negotiations.This standard has constructed a multi-level classification system.Since the release of MSITS 2010,many countries have implemented the new statistical framework,but some developing countries face challenges.International organizations and developed countries have provided corresponding support for service trade statistics standards.展开更多
Chongqing,a dazzling,sleepless metropolis renowned for its unique topography and cuisine,is also a key hub of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor.From December 9 to 11,the 2025 Annual Meeting of the Alliance...Chongqing,a dazzling,sleepless metropolis renowned for its unique topography and cuisine,is also a key hub of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor.From December 9 to 11,the 2025 Annual Meeting of the Alliance of the Chambers of Commerce and Industry of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor was held in Chongqing.Under the theme"Building the Corridor for Shared Development and Prosperity",the meeting brought together 21foreign chambers of commerce from 18 countries and regions,more than 90 Chinese enterprises and institutions,and over 500 businessleaders from China and abroad.展开更多
As the 25th World Intellectual Property Day approached,the 2025 Intellectual Property Dispute Resolution Forum,jointly organized by the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission(CIETAC),the Chongqi...As the 25th World Intellectual Property Day approached,the 2025 Intellectual Property Dispute Resolution Forum,jointly organized by the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission(CIETAC),the Chongqing Higher People’s Court(Chongqing High Court),the Chongqing Judicial Bureau,and the CCPIT Chongqing,was recently held in Chongqing.展开更多
The tropical timber trade faces significant sustainability challenges,including deforestation,illegal logging,and inadequate traceability.Inaccurate species identification further complicates these issues,leading to u...The tropical timber trade faces significant sustainability challenges,including deforestation,illegal logging,and inadequate traceability.Inaccurate species identification further complicates these issues,leading to unreliable trade statistics and enforcement challenges.The Lacey Act Amendment(LAA)of 2008 mandated declaring scientific names for timber shipments entering the United States.Therefore,this study assessed the implementation of the LAA using data obtained through a Freedom of Information Act request to the United States Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service for 4 tropical timber species including Keruing,Meranti,Acajou d’Afrique,and Mahogany from Indonesia,Malaysia,Brazil,Philippines,Cameroon,Ghana,Congo,Cote d’Ivoire,and Bolivia,with high rates of illegal logging.This study showed that the United States imported 49 species of Keruing species group,126 species of Meranti species group,6 species of Acajou d’Afrique species group,and 2 species of Mahogany species group during 2017-2023.Despite mandatory declarations,approximately 14.60%of timber import records lacked species-specific names.Conservation assessments identified 37 species of Keruing species group and 68 species of Meranti species group listed as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)but absent from the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES).Moreover,the principal component analysis(PCA)indicated that the first principal component was primarily driven by import value and import volume,reflecting the overall trade prominence,while the second principal component captured temporal pattern through import year.Further,this study developed a Trade-Adjusted Conservation Priority Index(TACPI)that integrated conservation status with trade prominence to prioritize species at risk.Species with high TACPI scores,such as Dipterocarpus coriaceus and Shorea balangeran,were identified as urgently needing regulatory focus.To strengthen sustainable trade and conservation,it is recommended to enforce the LAA more strictly,expand timber identification technologies,and mandate key supplier countries,who are the CITES’signatories,to list high-risk species in the CITES appendices.展开更多
The research analyzed status quo of Chinese tea export, including export scale, exporting countries and regions, product structure, explored factors affecting tea export, and detailed international trade development o...The research analyzed status quo of Chinese tea export, including export scale, exporting countries and regions, product structure, explored factors affecting tea export, and detailed international trade development of Chinese teas. On basis of global politics and economic situations, the research proposed new thoughts and of global trades of Chinese teas with application of the Belt and Road Initiative strategy.展开更多
With the development of the economic globalization, international trades are gradually increasing. Therefore, the analysisof the differences between Chinese and western cultures seems so significant. In order to make ...With the development of the economic globalization, international trades are gradually increasing. Therefore, the analysisof the differences between Chinese and western cultures seems so significant. In order to make the international trade negotiationssmoothly, negotiators should understand the differences between two cultures and avoid unwanted failure in the international trade.This article tends to explore the differences between Chinese and western cultures so as to let the international trades run smoothly.展开更多
Trade facilitation is one of the five main agendas of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Social network analysis has helped understand the complexity of trade networks, but existing studies tend to overlook the fact t...Trade facilitation is one of the five main agendas of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Social network analysis has helped understand the complexity of trade networks, but existing studies tend to overlook the fact that not all bilateral trade relations are equally important to a country. To fill this gap in the literature, this paper focuses on the top 2 trade relations networks to illuminate the structure and evolution of B&R trade relations, the relative positions of different countries, and changes in the composition of trade communities(e.g., the community leaders) and the changing patterns of trade between them. We find rich dynamics over time both inter-and intra-communities. The overall international trade networks of B&R countries experienced a leadership change from Russia to China on one hand, some temporary communities experienced emergence, disappearance(e.g. the Kuwait-and Thailand-led communities) or reemergence(e.g. Poland-led community), and a community membership was generally consistent on the other hand. Since the future impacts of China's BRI will depend on the degree of integration of the connected regions, some countries with stable and high centrality indices(e.g. Russia, Singapore, Serbia, Greece, Turkey, Iran, Poland, Hungary and Romania) could be selected by China as strategic regional partners, and countries with a strategically important geographical position but weak trade links(e.g. Myanmar, Pakistan, and Belarus) should be prioritized.展开更多
基金This work was funded by Humanity and Social Science Youth foundation of Ministry of Education of China:Research on the Practices and Theoretical Innovation of Improving People's Wellbeing in the New Era[Grant number.18YJC710023]Major Projects of Social Science Fund of Jilin University:Research on China's Social Welfare System[Grant number.2019XXJD10]Major Projects of Trade Union of Jilin Province:Research on the Evaluation System of Harmonious Labor Relations[Grant number.2016LD007].
文摘Constructing a model for international carbon emissions trading is an effective method to curb global warming through a market mechanism.Although the international carbon emissions market generates substantial profits,the relevant trading mechanism has been far from perfect.The perfect mechanism for international carbon emissions trading should be a revealing preference game.In other words,only if all players in this game truly show their information and preferences can the Nash outcome be Pareto efficient and fair.China should actively participate in the international carbon emissions trading game;promote efficiency,justice,rationality,and the quality of being manipulation-free in the carbon emissions market;and play a more important role in perfecting the international carbon emissions trading mechanism.
文摘The paper focuses on links between the EU ETS （European Union Emissions Trading Scheme） and selected （domestic） greenhouse gas ETS （emissions trading schemes） from Asia and North America which could open up a perspective to keep the idea of emissions trading alive on a global scale and confront the actual uncertainty in future climate policy. The approach consists of investigating qualitatively the essential requirements of this alternative bottom-up approach. It is evaluated if variations or inconsistencies in the structure and design of domestic ETS as well as legal and institutional characteristics harm or facilitate the concept of linking with the EU ETS. The evaluation of systems leads to the exclusion of systems with voluntary character, relative caps, unrestricted borrowing and price caps from the group of potential linking candidates.
文摘The CMC International and Domestic Trade Division under the China National Machinery Import & Export Corporation has, in accordance with the CMC’s strategic goals, worked out the following business guidelines: internal trade is the basis of external trade, and external trade is a supplementary to internal trade; domestic and overseas markets and resources should be used effectively, and internal trade and external trade should be coordinated and handled in a unified way. The Division’s business concept is to conduct trade-dominated business backed by
文摘The Vietnam International Trade Fair for Apparel,Textiles and Textile Technologies(VIATT)is poised to return to the Saigon Exhibition and Convention Center(SECC)from February 26-28,2026.Building on its second edition’s nearly 13-percent exhibitor growth,next year’s show floor will expand by 20 percent,from 15,000 to 18,000 square meters and cover the full area of Halls A and B.This includes new dedicated zones for apparel,fashion accessories,and textile chemicals and dyes,with the strategic growth underscoring Vietnam’s emergence as a vertically and horizontally integrated textile powerhouse.
文摘Operating out of Shanghai,Brujas Textile Tech(Shanghai)Co.,Ltd.(“Brujas”)is a wholly owned subsidiary of Guangshan White Shark Card Clothing Co.,Ltd.(“White Shark”)tasked with providing international trade services to support its parent company's global operations.Whereas White Shark,as the parent company founded in 1962,is the manufacture facilities located in Xinyang,Henan Province.Brujas was founded in 1908 by the Brujas family in Terrassa,Spain.In 2008,White Shark integrated Brujas brand into its production and added European experience and knowledge that continues in the production today.This enables White Shark and Brujas to provide customers with the best,personalized carding solutions.White Shark and Brujas service 8700 clients in over 40 countries globally.The main products of the company include but not limited to:metallic card clothing,flat tops,stationary flat,circular comb,combing roller,cleaning fillet,raising fillet,flexible fillet etc.,and they are widely used in the areas of cotton spinning,non-woven materials,wool and linen spinning.
文摘China Pavilion Opens at Expo 2025 Osaka On April 13,2025,the China Pavilion at the Expo 2025 Osaka in Japan was officially opened.The opening ceremony was attended by Chinese and foreign vips,including Ren Hongbin,Chairman of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT);Alain Berger,President of the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE);Dimitri Kerkentzes,Secretary General of the BIE.
文摘Forests are essential for both ecological and economic aspects.Most rural people in developing countries rely on forest resources for their livelihood.Since 1980,trade has substantially affected forest cover,density,and management in developing countries.Few studies have examined how changes in trade structure and international trade in primary commodities affect forest density.To better understand the relationship between trade,trade structure adjustment,and forest density,this study examined 52 developing countries across four income levels:high income(HI),low income(LI),upper-middle income(UMI),and lower-middle income(LMI).We compared studies on historical changes in forest cover with those on forest density.For alternative outcomes,we used a generalized method of moments(GMM)model for the entire panel and a random-effects model for various income categories.The results show that the percentage of non-primary goods exported(PNPEXP)and total manufacturing and services exported(TEXP)significantly impact forest density.This suggests that trade and trade structure can improve a country’s forest density conditions.
文摘The 9th International Mediation Summit Held in Haikou On December 3,the 9th International Mediation Summit was held in Haikou,Hainan Province.Nie Wenhui, Vice Chairman of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT),attended the Summit and delivered an opening speech and a keynote address.
文摘With increasingly severe global climate change,a low-carbon economy has become an inevitable trend in the development of the international community.Low-carbon economy is not only related to environmental protection but also has a profound impact on international trade.The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of a low-carbon economy on the development of international trade and put forward corresponding strategy suggestions.By analyzing the connotation,characteristics,and mechanism of the low-carbon economy on international trade,this paper reveals the important role of the low-carbon economy in promoting the optimization of international trade structure,promoting green technology innovation,and strengthening international cooperation.At the same time,given the challenges brought by a low-carbon economy,this paper puts forward strategies such as strengthening policy guidance,promoting green technology innovation,and improving international trade rules to provide a reference for the sustainable development of international trade[1,2].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71671187,71874210,71633006)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2024JJ6539)+1 种基金the National Social Science Fund of China(No.22&ZD098)the Social Sciences Fund of Hunan Province,China(No.24YBQ138)。
文摘From a life cycle perspective,the material flow analysis is utilized to investigate the lithium material flows in international trade from 2000 to 2019.The results reveal that at the global level,the total volume of lithium trade grew rapidly,reaching 121116 t in 2019.Lithium trade was dominated by lithium minerals,lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide rather than final lithium products,indicating an immaturity in global lithium industry.At the intercontinental level,Asia’s import trade and Oceania’s export trade led the world,accounting for 81.22%and 39.68%,respectively.At the national level,China,Japan and Korea became the main importers,while Chile and Australia were the main exporters.In addition,China’s trade volume far exceeded that of the United States.China’s exports were dominated by lithium-ion batteries,while the United States mainly imported lithium-ion batteries,proving that the development of China’s lithium industry was relatively faster.
基金This paper is a phased result of the“Research on the Issue of China’s Data Export System”(24SFB3035)a research project of the Ministry of Justice of China on the construction of the rule of law and the study of legal theories at the ministerial level in 2024.
文摘The Fourth Industrial Revolution has endowed the concept of state sovereignty with new era-specific connotations,leading to the emergence of the theory of data sovereignty.While countries refine their domestic legislation to establish their data sovereignty,they are also actively engaging in the negotiation of cross-border data flow rules within international trade agreements to construct data sovereignty.During these negotiations,countries express differing regulatory claims,with some focusing on safeguarding sovereignty and protecting human rights,some prioritizing economic promotion and security assurance,and others targeting traditional and innovative digital trade barriers.These varied approaches reflect the tension between three pairs of values:collectivism and individualism,freedom and security,and tradition and innovation.Based on their distinct value pursuits,three representative models of data sovereignty construction have emerged globally.At the current juncture,when international rules for digital trade are still in their nascent stages,China should timely establish its data sovereignty rules,actively participate in global data sovereignty competition,and balance its sovereignty interests with other interests.Specifically,China should explore the scope of system-acceptable digital trade barriers through free trade zones;integrate domestic and international legal frameworks to ensure the alignment of China’s data governance legislation with its obligations under international trade agreements;and use the development of the“Digital Silk Road”as a starting point to prioritize the formation of digital trade rules with countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative,promoting the Chinese solutions internationally.
文摘The Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)is a project that has heavy emphasis on basic infrastructure and is sponsored by the government of the People’s Republic of China.It deeply impacts Africa’s economy in terms of its transport infrastructure investments.Railways,ports,and transnational infrastructure have been made not only as tools for economic integration and trade expansion between countries but also as ways of including people in development processes.Out of many BRI promises,one of them entails the potential to uplift peripheral areas,with the hope of giving these areas that have traditionally been expensive capitals and government investors a chance.Though the claims surrounding this initiative are robust,an interview with current practitioners on the ground brings to the fore a problematic concern:precisely to what extent have the rural poor across the wealthiest subregions of Africa,the continent’s least fortunate and most underserved populations,benefited to any significant degree from these infrastructure projects?An exploration of a central contradiction about the BRI:inevitably,it involves the fact that through BRI infrastructure,regions are connected to a better,easier trade system.However,sociopolitical benefits fully tend to be in the hands of the ruling elite,foreign contractors,and the urban centers.However,the majority of those citizens who most need economic injection will stand aside from either the decision-making process or be cut off from partaking in the ongoing benefits.Therefore,projects that should reverse existing disparities might actually maintain or even worsen the old problems.The research topic spans three transport works under the BRI in Africa,which are Tanzania Zambia Railway(TAZARA),Addis Ababa Djibouti Railway,and the Port of Djibouti,with the aim of assessing any poverty alleviation carried directly by these works among marginalized demographics.This paper collects data on project outcomes in more neutral and local indicators,such as job creation,market access,skills development,and recovery of tourist attractions.Pro-poor tourism literature as well as the theory of development are being discussed,and the point is made that the investment size is not the key to solving everything that will end all poverty.Instead,it is about the careful consideration behind each and every project’s design and execution as to whether it addresses the systemic poverty that has existed for a long period of time.Participatory planning,transparent governance,and common ownership of capacity building and community,as the last part of policy offerings,are the suggestions provided.These will determine if BRI infrastructure can be turned from a bilateral,top-down pattern of integration and interaction to a real field of multidimensional and accountable development in Africa.
基金The interim results of the postdoctoral research project“Research on the Evolution Process of Shenzhen’s High-tech Industry Policies(1980-2022)”(Project Number:6023271023S)at the end of the postdoctoral period of Shenzhen Polytechnic University.Institute of Economic and Social Development(Phase III)Project:6025310002Q.
文摘This article focuses on the development of the international service trade statistics system.The 1994 General Agreement on Trade in Services(GATS)provided a institutional basis for service trade statistics.The 2002“International Service Trade Statistics Manual”(MSITS 2002)established the international balance of payments statistics paradigm.The revised MSITS 2010 in 2010 introduced the expanded balance of payments service classification(EBOPS 2010),incorporating foreign affiliate service trade statistics(FATS),and constructing a comprehensive statistics system.The update of MSITS 2010 originated from changes in the global economic environment,technological progress leading to diversified forms of service trade,and the demands of international service trade negotiations.This standard has constructed a multi-level classification system.Since the release of MSITS 2010,many countries have implemented the new statistical framework,but some developing countries face challenges.International organizations and developed countries have provided corresponding support for service trade statistics standards.
文摘Chongqing,a dazzling,sleepless metropolis renowned for its unique topography and cuisine,is also a key hub of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor.From December 9 to 11,the 2025 Annual Meeting of the Alliance of the Chambers of Commerce and Industry of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor was held in Chongqing.Under the theme"Building the Corridor for Shared Development and Prosperity",the meeting brought together 21foreign chambers of commerce from 18 countries and regions,more than 90 Chinese enterprises and institutions,and over 500 businessleaders from China and abroad.
文摘As the 25th World Intellectual Property Day approached,the 2025 Intellectual Property Dispute Resolution Forum,jointly organized by the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission(CIETAC),the Chongqing Higher People’s Court(Chongqing High Court),the Chongqing Judicial Bureau,and the CCPIT Chongqing,was recently held in Chongqing.
基金United States Endowment for Forestry and Communities in coordination with the Northern Forest Center for partial funding(No.91093)of the project.
文摘The tropical timber trade faces significant sustainability challenges,including deforestation,illegal logging,and inadequate traceability.Inaccurate species identification further complicates these issues,leading to unreliable trade statistics and enforcement challenges.The Lacey Act Amendment(LAA)of 2008 mandated declaring scientific names for timber shipments entering the United States.Therefore,this study assessed the implementation of the LAA using data obtained through a Freedom of Information Act request to the United States Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service for 4 tropical timber species including Keruing,Meranti,Acajou d’Afrique,and Mahogany from Indonesia,Malaysia,Brazil,Philippines,Cameroon,Ghana,Congo,Cote d’Ivoire,and Bolivia,with high rates of illegal logging.This study showed that the United States imported 49 species of Keruing species group,126 species of Meranti species group,6 species of Acajou d’Afrique species group,and 2 species of Mahogany species group during 2017-2023.Despite mandatory declarations,approximately 14.60%of timber import records lacked species-specific names.Conservation assessments identified 37 species of Keruing species group and 68 species of Meranti species group listed as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)but absent from the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES).Moreover,the principal component analysis(PCA)indicated that the first principal component was primarily driven by import value and import volume,reflecting the overall trade prominence,while the second principal component captured temporal pattern through import year.Further,this study developed a Trade-Adjusted Conservation Priority Index(TACPI)that integrated conservation status with trade prominence to prioritize species at risk.Species with high TACPI scores,such as Dipterocarpus coriaceus and Shorea balangeran,were identified as urgently needing regulatory focus.To strengthen sustainable trade and conservation,it is recommended to enforce the LAA more strictly,expand timber identification technologies,and mandate key supplier countries,who are the CITES’signatories,to list high-risk species in the CITES appendices.
文摘The research analyzed status quo of Chinese tea export, including export scale, exporting countries and regions, product structure, explored factors affecting tea export, and detailed international trade development of Chinese teas. On basis of global politics and economic situations, the research proposed new thoughts and of global trades of Chinese teas with application of the Belt and Road Initiative strategy.
文摘With the development of the economic globalization, international trades are gradually increasing. Therefore, the analysisof the differences between Chinese and western cultures seems so significant. In order to make the international trade negotiationssmoothly, negotiators should understand the differences between two cultures and avoid unwanted failure in the international trade.This article tends to explore the differences between Chinese and western cultures so as to let the international trades run smoothly.
基金National Social Science Foundation of China,No.17VDL008The Project of Bureau of International Cooperation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.131A11KYSB20170014+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41530751,No.41471113,No.41701125Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea,No.NRF-2015S1A3A2047036
文摘Trade facilitation is one of the five main agendas of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Social network analysis has helped understand the complexity of trade networks, but existing studies tend to overlook the fact that not all bilateral trade relations are equally important to a country. To fill this gap in the literature, this paper focuses on the top 2 trade relations networks to illuminate the structure and evolution of B&R trade relations, the relative positions of different countries, and changes in the composition of trade communities(e.g., the community leaders) and the changing patterns of trade between them. We find rich dynamics over time both inter-and intra-communities. The overall international trade networks of B&R countries experienced a leadership change from Russia to China on one hand, some temporary communities experienced emergence, disappearance(e.g. the Kuwait-and Thailand-led communities) or reemergence(e.g. Poland-led community), and a community membership was generally consistent on the other hand. Since the future impacts of China's BRI will depend on the degree of integration of the connected regions, some countries with stable and high centrality indices(e.g. Russia, Singapore, Serbia, Greece, Turkey, Iran, Poland, Hungary and Romania) could be selected by China as strategic regional partners, and countries with a strategically important geographical position but weak trade links(e.g. Myanmar, Pakistan, and Belarus) should be prioritized.
