The interleaving/multiplexing technique was used to realize a 200?MHz real time data acquisition system. Two 100?MHz ADC modules worked parallelly and every ADC plays out data in ping pang fashion. The design improv...The interleaving/multiplexing technique was used to realize a 200?MHz real time data acquisition system. Two 100?MHz ADC modules worked parallelly and every ADC plays out data in ping pang fashion. The design improved the system conversion rata to 200?MHz and reduced the speed of data transporting and storing to 50?MHz. The high speed HDPLD and ECL logic parts were used to control system timing and the memory address. The multi layer print board and the shield were used to decrease interference produced by the high speed circuit. The system timing was designed carefully. The interleaving/multiplexing technique could improve the system conversion rata greatly while reducing the speed of external digital interfaces greatly. The design resolved the difficulties in high speed system effectively. The experiment proved the data acquisition system is stable and accurate.展开更多
Quadrature Spatial Modulation (QSM) is a high spectral efficiency Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique used to improve the spectral efficiency of wireless communication systems. The main concept of QSM is t...Quadrature Spatial Modulation (QSM) is a high spectral efficiency Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique used to improve the spectral efficiency of wireless communication systems. The main concept of QSM is to extend the spatial constellation of the conventional Spatial Modulation (SM) in both the in-phase and quadrature components of the data symbol. In this paper, because QSM-based on Interleaxdng Division Multiplexing (IDM) has not been introduced in the literature as a multiple antenna system, we introduced a novel scheme, called QSM system based on Interleaving Division Multiplexing (QSM-IDM). The antenna sets are also applied to a spreader, before being used to assign an antenna number for information transmission. Analysis and simulations for a flat fading channel show that the proposed QSM-IDM method significantly outperforms the original QSM system with the same data rate, while maintaining a relatively acceptable complexity. The obtained simulation results show that the conducted analysis yields significant improvements for the accuracy of the proposed scheme, with satisfactory complexity.展开更多
Advancements in mode-division multiplexing(MDM)techniques,aimed at surpassing the Shannon limit and augmenting transmission capacity,have garnered significant attention in optical fiber communica-tion,propelling the d...Advancements in mode-division multiplexing(MDM)techniques,aimed at surpassing the Shannon limit and augmenting transmission capacity,have garnered significant attention in optical fiber communica-tion,propelling the demand for high-quality multiplexers and demultiplexers.However,the criteria for ideal-mode multiplexers/demultiplexers,such as performance,scalability,compatibility,and ultra-compactness,have only partially been achieved using conventional bulky devices(e.g.,waveguides,grat-ings,and free space optics)—an issue that will substantially restrict the application of MDM techniques.Here,we present a neuro-meta-router(NMR)optimized through deep learning that achieves spatial multi-mode division and supports multi-channel communication,potentially offering scalability,com-patibility,and ultra-compactness.An MDM communication system based on an NMR is theoretically designed and experimentally demonstrated to enable simultaneous and independent multi-dataset transmission,showcasing a capacity of up to 100 gigabits per second(Gbps)and a symbol error rate down to the order of 104,all achieved without any compensation technologies or correlation devices.Our work presents a paradigm that merges metasurfaces,fiber communications,and deep learning,with potential applications in intelligent metasurface-aided optical interconnection,as well as all-optical pat-tern recognition and classification.展开更多
A 32-channel wavelength division multiplexer with 100 GHz spacing is designed and fabricated by interleaving two silicon arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs).It has a parallel structure consisting of two silicon 16-channe...A 32-channel wavelength division multiplexer with 100 GHz spacing is designed and fabricated by interleaving two silicon arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs).It has a parallel structure consisting of two silicon 16-channel AWGs with200 GHz spacing and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)with 200 GHz free spectral range.The 16 channels of one silicon AWG are interleaved with those of the other AWG in spectrum,but with an identical spacing of 200 GHz.For the composed wavelength division multiplexer,the experiment results reveal 32 wavelength channels in C-band,a wavelength spacing of 100 GHz,and a channel crosstalk lower than-15 dB.展开更多
Multiple quantum well(MQW) Ⅲ-nitride diodes that can simultaneously emit and detect light feature an overlapping region between their electroluminescence and responsivity spectra, which allows them to be simultaneous...Multiple quantum well(MQW) Ⅲ-nitride diodes that can simultaneously emit and detect light feature an overlapping region between their electroluminescence and responsivity spectra, which allows them to be simultaneously used as both a transmitter and a receiver in a wireless light communication system. Here, we demonstrate a mobile light communication system using a time-division multiplexing(TDM) scheme to achieve bidirectional data transmission via the same optical channel.Two identical blue MQW diodes are defined by software as a transmitter or a receiver. To address the light alignment issue, an image identification module integrated with a gimbal stabilizer is used to automatically detect the locations of moving targets;thus, underwater audio communication is realized via a mobile blue-light TDM communication mode. This approach not only uses a single link but also integrates mobile nodes in a practical network.展开更多
Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently e...Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently employ complex wavefront modulators and external control algorithms,resulting in increased system footprint and limited tuning efficiency.In this work,we present an all-silicon mechanically rotatable cascaded metasurface capable of dynamic THz beam focusing.By independently adjusting the relative rotation angles between the two metasurface layers,real-time repositioning of the focal spot is achieved for orthogonal circular polarization channels.The proposed design facilitates polarization-division multiplexing without requiring external algorithms or active materials while preserving high focusing efficiency and beam quality across a predefined focal plane.Numerical simulations reveal a quasi-linear shift of the focal position with the rotation angle,with stable focusing efficiency and full-width at half-maximum observed in both polarization channels.This strategy offers an efficient and reliable approach to dynamic wavefront control for compact,reconfigurable THz imaging,sensing,and communication systems.展开更多
In vivo imaging of human iris vasculature remains a persistent challenge,limiting our understanding of its relationship with ocular disease pathogenesis.Conventional raster scan optical coherence tomography angiograph...In vivo imaging of human iris vasculature remains a persistent challenge,limiting our understanding of its relationship with ocular disease pathogenesis.Conventional raster scan optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)suffers from angular-dependent contrast(including blind spots),limited field of view,and prolonged imaging time—challenges that restrict its clinical utility.We introduce a circular interleaving scan OCTA method that overcomes these barriers by enabling 360 deg high-contrast iris angiography with consistent spatiotemporal sampling and optimized motion contrast.The circular scan design enables directionoptimized sampling:we configured circumferential sampling density to approximately twice the radial density,enhancing detection of radially oriented iris vasculature.A Cartesian–polar coordinate transformation was implemented for eye-motion compensation,vessel realignment,and vasculature reconstruction.Compared with raster scan OCTA,our circular scan protocol demonstrates 1.55×higher efficiency in iris vascular imaging,featuring a superior duty cycle(99.95%versus 82.00%)and eliminating redundant data acquisition from rectangular field corners(27.3%of the circular area).This method improves vessel density measurement by 39.0%and vessel count quantification by 25.2%relative to raster scans.By eliminating angular-dependent blind spots,our method significantly enhances vascular quantification reliability,paving the way to a better understanding of ocular diseases and holding promising potential for future clinical applications.展开更多
The exponential growth in data traffic has driven significant research into maximizing the capacity of free-space optical(FSO)communication systems.Orbital angular momentum(OAM)multiplexing offers a promising approach...The exponential growth in data traffic has driven significant research into maximizing the capacity of free-space optical(FSO)communication systems.Orbital angular momentum(OAM)multiplexing offers a promising approach by using spatially structured beams with helical wavefronts to achieve higher data transmission rates.However,conventional electronic convolutional-neural-network-based OAM demultiplexing schemes exhibit substantial computational and energy efficiency limitations.展开更多
In this work,a reflective metasurface connector(RMC)and its application for high-density and wideband spacedivision multiplexing(SDM)are demonstrated.This device features single facet metasurface fabrication over an S...In this work,a reflective metasurface connector(RMC)and its application for high-density and wideband spacedivision multiplexing(SDM)are demonstrated.This device features single facet metasurface fabrication over an SOI platform based on a CMOS compatible process.A minimum fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of 2.9 dB at 1598.24 nm is realized for fan-in-fan-out(FIFO)applications between a single-mode fiber(SMF)array and a multicore fiber(MCF).展开更多
The implementation of multiple pathogen testing is essential for a rapid response to future outbreaks and for reducing disease transmission.This study introduces a 96-channel microfluidic chip,fabricated through a mol...The implementation of multiple pathogen testing is essential for a rapid response to future outbreaks and for reducing disease transmission.This study introduces a 96-channel microfluidic chip,fabricated through a molding process,which enables the batch detection of pathogens.It explores the rapid lysis and elution processes of pathogens within the microfluidic chips to ensure that nucleic acid extraction,elution,and amplification are completed entirely within the chip.This chip can extract nucleic acids from samples in just 10 min,achieving an extraction efficiency comparable to that of traditional in-tube methods.An oil phase is pre-loaded into the chip to effectively prevent aerosol contamination.This approach allows for the simultaneous detection of 21 common respiratory pathogens,with a detection limit of 10 copies per reaction.Furthermore,applications involving clinical samples demonstrate significant practicality.Compared to many traditional in-tube pathogen detection methods and molecular biology technologies that utilize microfluidic chips,this detection chip not only enables simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens but also demonstrates high sensitivity.展开更多
Rice, a global staple food, is critical for food security. The cultivated Oryza sativa, domesticated from wild O. rufipogon, derives~80%of its 993 identified domestication-related genes from O. rufipogon and 20%from S...Rice, a global staple food, is critical for food security. The cultivated Oryza sativa, domesticated from wild O. rufipogon, derives~80%of its 993 identified domestication-related genes from O. rufipogon and 20%from South/Southeast Asian wild O. nivara(Jing et al., 2023). Genes like An-1, BH4, PROG1,SH4, Rc, Rd, and GS3—which regulate awn length, hull color,til er angle, seed shattering, pericarp color, seed length, and thousand-grain weight, respectively—were selected against during domestication to form modern O. sativa(Yu et al., 2021).However, domestication and yield-focused breeding eliminated wild rice's valuable genes(e.g., for disease resistance, stress tolerance, nutrition), narrowing genetic diversity and impeding efforts to meet growing societal demands.展开更多
A novel interleaving based selected mapping （SLM） scheme to depress the relatively high peak power of transmit signals in multicarrier communications is proposed. In the scheme, a group of bit-level interleavers spa...A novel interleaving based selected mapping （SLM） scheme to depress the relatively high peak power of transmit signals in multicarrier communications is proposed. In the scheme, a group of bit-level interleavers spanning only a few bits are used to produce multiple sequences representing the same information, and one of the sequences resulting in the lowest peak-to-average power ratio （PAPR） is selected for transmission. The implementation of the scheme including the structure of the short-span interleaver is illustrated. The performance of this PAPR reduction scheme is investigated by simulations. This scheme exhibits a good PAPR reduction performance, and for signals of high level modulation, such as 16QAM and 64QAM, it approaches the best performance of all SLM schemes. Compared to the conventional interleaving SLM, this short-span interleaving SLM results in a very short time delay, requires very few register units for buffering, and can be easily implemented by hardware.展开更多
The problem of scheduling radar dwells in multifunction phased array radar systems is addressed. A novel dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed. The whole scheduling process is based on an online pulse interleaving te...The problem of scheduling radar dwells in multifunction phased array radar systems is addressed. A novel dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed. The whole scheduling process is based on an online pulse interleaving technique. It takes the system timing and energy constraints into account. In order to adapt the dynamic task load, the algorithm considers both the priorities and deadlines of tasks. The simulation results demonstrate that compared with the conventional adaptive dwell scheduling algorithm, the proposed one can improve the task drop rate and system resource utility effectively.展开更多
Herein,an attention-grabbing and up-to-date review related to major multiplexing techniques is presented which in-cludes wavelength division multiplexing(WDM),polarization division multiplexing(PDM),space division mul...Herein,an attention-grabbing and up-to-date review related to major multiplexing techniques is presented which in-cludes wavelength division multiplexing(WDM),polarization division multiplexing(PDM),space division multiplexing(SDM),mode division multiplexing(MDM)and orbital angular momentum multiplexing(OAMM).Multiplexing is a mech-anism by which multiple signals are combined into a shared channel used to showcase the maximum capacity of the op-tical links.However,it is critical to develop hybrid multiplexing methods to allow enhanced channel numbers.In this re-view,we have also included hybrid multiplexing techniques such as WDM-PDM,WDM-MDM and PDM-MDM.It is prob-able to attain N×M channels by utilizing N wavelengths and M guided-modes by simply utilizing hybrid WDM-MDM(de)multiplexers.To the best of our knowledge,this review paper is one of its kind which has highlighted the most prom-inent and recent signs of progress in multiplexing techniques in one place.展开更多
An online pulse interleaving scheduling algorithm is proposed for a solution to the task scheduling problem in the digital array radar(DAR). The full DAR task structure is explicitly considered in a way that the waiti...An online pulse interleaving scheduling algorithm is proposed for a solution to the task scheduling problem in the digital array radar(DAR). The full DAR task structure is explicitly considered in a way that the waiting duration is able to be utilized to transmit or receive subtasks, namely the pulse interleaving,as well as the receiving durations of different tasks are able to be overlapped. The algorithm decomposes the pulse interleaving scheduling analysis into the time constraint check and the energy constraint check, and schedules online all kinds of tasks that are able to be interleaved. Thereby the waiting duration and the receiving duration in the DAR task are both fully utilized. The simulation results verify the performance improvement and the high efficiency of the proposed algorithm compared with the existing ones.展开更多
Flat optical elements have attracted enormous attentions and act as promising candidates for the next generation of optical components.As one of the most outstanding representatives,liquid crystal(LC)has been widely a...Flat optical elements have attracted enormous attentions and act as promising candidates for the next generation of optical components.As one of the most outstanding representatives,liquid crystal(LC)has been widely applied in flat panel display industries and inspires the wavefront modulation with the development of LC alignment techniques.However,most LC elements perform only one type of optical manipulation and are difficult to realize the multifunctionality and light integration.Here,flat multifunctional liquid crystal elements(FMLCEs),merely composed of anisotropic LC molecules with space-variant orientations,are presented for multichannel information manipulation by means of polarization,space and wavelength multiplexing.Specifically,benefiting from the unique light response with the change of the incident polarization,observation plane,and working wavelength,a series of FMLCEs are demonstrated to achieve distinct near-and far-field display functions.The proposed strategy takes full advantage of basic optical parameters as the decrypted keys to improve the information capacity and security,and we expect it to find potential applications in information encryption,optical anti-counterfeiting,virtual/augmented reality,etc.展开更多
According to the signal processing characteristic of MIMO radars,an adaptive dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed.It is based on a novel pulse interleaving technique,which makes full use of transmitting,waiting and ...According to the signal processing characteristic of MIMO radars,an adaptive dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed.It is based on a novel pulse interleaving technique,which makes full use of transmitting,waiting and receiving durations of radar dwells.The utilization of transmitting duration is unique for MIMO radars and is realized through transmitting duration overlapping.Simulation results show that,compared with the conventional scheduling algorithm,the scheduling performance of MIMO radars can be improved effectively by the proposed algorithm,and the scheduling rule can be chosen arbitrarily when using the proposed algorithm.展开更多
The multiplexing ability of a novel multiplexing fiber Bragg grating(FBG)method based on Optical Time Domain Reflecto meter(OTDR)and Time Division Multiplexing TDM technologies has been theoretically analyzed and stud...The multiplexing ability of a novel multiplexing fiber Bragg grating(FBG)method based on Optical Time Domain Reflecto meter(OTDR)and Time Division Multiplexing TDM technologies has been theoretically analyzed and studied.This method permits the interrogation of hundreds of identical FBGs with low reflectivity in a single fiber,making the FBG sensors more applicable in the aerospace health monitoring engineering.The analysis shows that the multiplexing ability can be greatly improved if the FBG reflectivity is sufficiently low.And hence,an inexpensive large-scale distributed sensing system based on this method can be realized,When evaluating the multiplexing ability of this system,we propose for the first time that the interference effect of multi-reflections among FBGs should be taken into consideration.展开更多
文摘The interleaving/multiplexing technique was used to realize a 200?MHz real time data acquisition system. Two 100?MHz ADC modules worked parallelly and every ADC plays out data in ping pang fashion. The design improved the system conversion rata to 200?MHz and reduced the speed of data transporting and storing to 50?MHz. The high speed HDPLD and ECL logic parts were used to control system timing and the memory address. The multi layer print board and the shield were used to decrease interference produced by the high speed circuit. The system timing was designed carefully. The interleaving/multiplexing technique could improve the system conversion rata greatly while reducing the speed of external digital interfaces greatly. The design resolved the difficulties in high speed system effectively. The experiment proved the data acquisition system is stable and accurate.
文摘Quadrature Spatial Modulation (QSM) is a high spectral efficiency Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique used to improve the spectral efficiency of wireless communication systems. The main concept of QSM is to extend the spatial constellation of the conventional Spatial Modulation (SM) in both the in-phase and quadrature components of the data symbol. In this paper, because QSM-based on Interleaxdng Division Multiplexing (IDM) has not been introduced in the literature as a multiple antenna system, we introduced a novel scheme, called QSM system based on Interleaving Division Multiplexing (QSM-IDM). The antenna sets are also applied to a spreader, before being used to assign an antenna number for information transmission. Analysis and simulations for a flat fading channel show that the proposed QSM-IDM method significantly outperforms the original QSM system with the same data rate, while maintaining a relatively acceptable complexity. The obtained simulation results show that the conducted analysis yields significant improvements for the accuracy of the proposed scheme, with satisfactory complexity.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2804704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12174292,12374278,and 62105250).
文摘Advancements in mode-division multiplexing(MDM)techniques,aimed at surpassing the Shannon limit and augmenting transmission capacity,have garnered significant attention in optical fiber communica-tion,propelling the demand for high-quality multiplexers and demultiplexers.However,the criteria for ideal-mode multiplexers/demultiplexers,such as performance,scalability,compatibility,and ultra-compactness,have only partially been achieved using conventional bulky devices(e.g.,waveguides,grat-ings,and free space optics)—an issue that will substantially restrict the application of MDM techniques.Here,we present a neuro-meta-router(NMR)optimized through deep learning that achieves spatial multi-mode division and supports multi-channel communication,potentially offering scalability,com-patibility,and ultra-compactness.An MDM communication system based on an NMR is theoretically designed and experimentally demonstrated to enable simultaneous and independent multi-dataset transmission,showcasing a capacity of up to 100 gigabits per second(Gbps)and a symbol error rate down to the order of 104,all achieved without any compensation technologies or correlation devices.Our work presents a paradigm that merges metasurfaces,fiber communications,and deep learning,with potential applications in intelligent metasurface-aided optical interconnection,as well as all-optical pat-tern recognition and classification.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFB2203600)。
文摘A 32-channel wavelength division multiplexer with 100 GHz spacing is designed and fabricated by interleaving two silicon arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs).It has a parallel structure consisting of two silicon 16-channel AWGs with200 GHz spacing and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)with 200 GHz free spectral range.The 16 channels of one silicon AWG are interleaved with those of the other AWG in spectrum,but with an identical spacing of 200 GHz.For the composed wavelength division multiplexer,the experiment results reveal 32 wavelength channels in C-band,a wavelength spacing of 100 GHz,and a channel crosstalk lower than-15 dB.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20495)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BG2024023)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFE0112000)111 Project (D17018)。
文摘Multiple quantum well(MQW) Ⅲ-nitride diodes that can simultaneously emit and detect light feature an overlapping region between their electroluminescence and responsivity spectra, which allows them to be simultaneously used as both a transmitter and a receiver in a wireless light communication system. Here, we demonstrate a mobile light communication system using a time-division multiplexing(TDM) scheme to achieve bidirectional data transmission via the same optical channel.Two identical blue MQW diodes are defined by software as a transmitter or a receiver. To address the light alignment issue, an image identification module integrated with a gimbal stabilizer is used to automatically detect the locations of moving targets;thus, underwater audio communication is realized via a mobile blue-light TDM communication mode. This approach not only uses a single link but also integrates mobile nodes in a practical network.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants U22A2008,12404484,12464016,and 62405219)the Double First Class Joint Special Key Project of Yunnan Science and Technology Department and Yunnan University(Grant 202401BF070001-012)Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program(Grant 25QNJJ2419).
文摘Dynamically tunable terahertz(THz)beam focusing plays a critical role in emerging applications including reconfigurable imaging,localized spectral analysis,and micro-machining.Conventional methods,however,frequently employ complex wavefront modulators and external control algorithms,resulting in increased system footprint and limited tuning efficiency.In this work,we present an all-silicon mechanically rotatable cascaded metasurface capable of dynamic THz beam focusing.By independently adjusting the relative rotation angles between the two metasurface layers,real-time repositioning of the focal spot is achieved for orthogonal circular polarization channels.The proposed design facilitates polarization-division multiplexing without requiring external algorithms or active materials while preserving high focusing efficiency and beam quality across a predefined focal plane.Numerical simulations reveal a quasi-linear shift of the focal position with the rotation angle,with stable focusing efficiency and full-width at half-maximum observed in both polarization channels.This strategy offers an efficient and reliable approach to dynamic wavefront control for compact,reconfigurable THz imaging,sensing,and communication systems.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFF0502900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62575066 and 62027824)+3 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2024A1515011344)the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(Grant No.2019ZT08Y105)the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory(Grant No.2020B1212030010)the National Institutes of Health/National Eye Institute(NIH/NEI)(Grant Nos.P30EY07551,R01EY022362,and R01EY022362).
文摘In vivo imaging of human iris vasculature remains a persistent challenge,limiting our understanding of its relationship with ocular disease pathogenesis.Conventional raster scan optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)suffers from angular-dependent contrast(including blind spots),limited field of view,and prolonged imaging time—challenges that restrict its clinical utility.We introduce a circular interleaving scan OCTA method that overcomes these barriers by enabling 360 deg high-contrast iris angiography with consistent spatiotemporal sampling and optimized motion contrast.The circular scan design enables directionoptimized sampling:we configured circumferential sampling density to approximately twice the radial density,enhancing detection of radially oriented iris vasculature.A Cartesian–polar coordinate transformation was implemented for eye-motion compensation,vessel realignment,and vasculature reconstruction.Compared with raster scan OCTA,our circular scan protocol demonstrates 1.55×higher efficiency in iris vascular imaging,featuring a superior duty cycle(99.95%versus 82.00%)and eliminating redundant data acquisition from rectangular field corners(27.3%of the circular area).This method improves vessel density measurement by 39.0%and vessel count quantification by 25.2%relative to raster scans.By eliminating angular-dependent blind spots,our method significantly enhances vascular quantification reliability,paving the way to a better understanding of ocular diseases and holding promising potential for future clinical applications.
文摘The exponential growth in data traffic has driven significant research into maximizing the capacity of free-space optical(FSO)communication systems.Orbital angular momentum(OAM)multiplexing offers a promising approach by using spatially structured beams with helical wavefronts to achieve higher data transmission rates.However,conventional electronic convolutional-neural-network-based OAM demultiplexing schemes exhibit substantial computational and energy efficiency limitations.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2905502)Explorers Program of Shanghai(Basic Research Funding)(24TS1401000)。
文摘In this work,a reflective metasurface connector(RMC)and its application for high-density and wideband spacedivision multiplexing(SDM)are demonstrated.This device features single facet metasurface fabrication over an SOI platform based on a CMOS compatible process.A minimum fiber-to-fiber insertion loss of 2.9 dB at 1598.24 nm is realized for fan-in-fan-out(FIFO)applications between a single-mode fiber(SMF)array and a multicore fiber(MCF).
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFA0915200,2023YFA0915204)the Equipment Research and Development Projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.PTYQ2024YZ0010)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality Project(No.XTCX-KJ-2024-038)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(No.H2024206249)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZC20232838)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.22S31901700).
文摘The implementation of multiple pathogen testing is essential for a rapid response to future outbreaks and for reducing disease transmission.This study introduces a 96-channel microfluidic chip,fabricated through a molding process,which enables the batch detection of pathogens.It explores the rapid lysis and elution processes of pathogens within the microfluidic chips to ensure that nucleic acid extraction,elution,and amplification are completed entirely within the chip.This chip can extract nucleic acids from samples in just 10 min,achieving an extraction efficiency comparable to that of traditional in-tube methods.An oil phase is pre-loaded into the chip to effectively prevent aerosol contamination.This approach allows for the simultaneous detection of 21 common respiratory pathogens,with a detection limit of 10 copies per reaction.Furthermore,applications involving clinical samples demonstrate significant practicality.Compared to many traditional in-tube pathogen detection methods and molecular biology technologies that utilize microfluidic chips,this detection chip not only enables simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens but also demonstrates high sensitivity.
基金supported by the Biological BreedingMajor Projects(2023ZD04076)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32300312)+2 种基金the Innovation Program of Chinses Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-CSIAF-202303)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020B1515120086)the KeyArea Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2021B0707010006)。
文摘Rice, a global staple food, is critical for food security. The cultivated Oryza sativa, domesticated from wild O. rufipogon, derives~80%of its 993 identified domestication-related genes from O. rufipogon and 20%from South/Southeast Asian wild O. nivara(Jing et al., 2023). Genes like An-1, BH4, PROG1,SH4, Rc, Rd, and GS3—which regulate awn length, hull color,til er angle, seed shattering, pericarp color, seed length, and thousand-grain weight, respectively—were selected against during domestication to form modern O. sativa(Yu et al., 2021).However, domestication and yield-focused breeding eliminated wild rice's valuable genes(e.g., for disease resistance, stress tolerance, nutrition), narrowing genetic diversity and impeding efforts to meet growing societal demands.
文摘A novel interleaving based selected mapping （SLM） scheme to depress the relatively high peak power of transmit signals in multicarrier communications is proposed. In the scheme, a group of bit-level interleavers spanning only a few bits are used to produce multiple sequences representing the same information, and one of the sequences resulting in the lowest peak-to-average power ratio （PAPR） is selected for transmission. The implementation of the scheme including the structure of the short-span interleaver is illustrated. The performance of this PAPR reduction scheme is investigated by simulations. This scheme exhibits a good PAPR reduction performance, and for signals of high level modulation, such as 16QAM and 64QAM, it approaches the best performance of all SLM schemes. Compared to the conventional interleaving SLM, this short-span interleaving SLM results in a very short time delay, requires very few register units for buffering, and can be easily implemented by hardware.
文摘The problem of scheduling radar dwells in multifunction phased array radar systems is addressed. A novel dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed. The whole scheduling process is based on an online pulse interleaving technique. It takes the system timing and energy constraints into account. In order to adapt the dynamic task load, the algorithm considers both the priorities and deadlines of tasks. The simulation results demonstrate that compared with the conventional adaptive dwell scheduling algorithm, the proposed one can improve the task drop rate and system resource utility effectively.
基金financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(grant No.18-29-20045)for WDM,MDM and hybrid WDM-MDM,WDM-PDM sectionsthe Russian Science Foundation(grant No.21-79-20075)for PDM,OAMM and hybrid PDM-MDM sectionsthe Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under the FSRC"Crystallography and Photonics"of the Russian Academy of Sciences(the state task No.007-GZ/Ch3363/26)for comparative analysis.
文摘Herein,an attention-grabbing and up-to-date review related to major multiplexing techniques is presented which in-cludes wavelength division multiplexing(WDM),polarization division multiplexing(PDM),space division multiplexing(SDM),mode division multiplexing(MDM)and orbital angular momentum multiplexing(OAMM).Multiplexing is a mech-anism by which multiple signals are combined into a shared channel used to showcase the maximum capacity of the op-tical links.However,it is critical to develop hybrid multiplexing methods to allow enhanced channel numbers.In this re-view,we have also included hybrid multiplexing techniques such as WDM-PDM,WDM-MDM and PDM-MDM.It is prob-able to attain N×M channels by utilizing N wavelengths and M guided-modes by simply utilizing hybrid WDM-MDM(de)multiplexers.To the best of our knowledge,this review paper is one of its kind which has highlighted the most prom-inent and recent signs of progress in multiplexing techniques in one place.
文摘An online pulse interleaving scheduling algorithm is proposed for a solution to the task scheduling problem in the digital array radar(DAR). The full DAR task structure is explicitly considered in a way that the waiting duration is able to be utilized to transmit or receive subtasks, namely the pulse interleaving,as well as the receiving durations of different tasks are able to be overlapped. The algorithm decomposes the pulse interleaving scheduling analysis into the time constraint check and the energy constraint check, and schedules online all kinds of tasks that are able to be interleaved. Thereby the waiting duration and the receiving duration in the DAR task are both fully utilized. The simulation results verify the performance improvement and the high efficiency of the proposed algorithm compared with the existing ones.
基金the supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61905073, 61835004, 62134001, 61905031, 62105263, 62275077)Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities (531118010189, 310202011qd002)+1 种基金the support from Xi’an Science and Technology Association Youth Talent Support Project (095920211306)the Postdoctoral Innovation Talent Support Program of China (BX20220388)
文摘Flat optical elements have attracted enormous attentions and act as promising candidates for the next generation of optical components.As one of the most outstanding representatives,liquid crystal(LC)has been widely applied in flat panel display industries and inspires the wavefront modulation with the development of LC alignment techniques.However,most LC elements perform only one type of optical manipulation and are difficult to realize the multifunctionality and light integration.Here,flat multifunctional liquid crystal elements(FMLCEs),merely composed of anisotropic LC molecules with space-variant orientations,are presented for multichannel information manipulation by means of polarization,space and wavelength multiplexing.Specifically,benefiting from the unique light response with the change of the incident polarization,observation plane,and working wavelength,a series of FMLCEs are demonstrated to achieve distinct near-and far-field display functions.The proposed strategy takes full advantage of basic optical parameters as the decrypted keys to improve the information capacity and security,and we expect it to find potential applications in information encryption,optical anti-counterfeiting,virtual/augmented reality,etc.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6110117161032010)
文摘According to the signal processing characteristic of MIMO radars,an adaptive dwell scheduling algorithm is proposed.It is based on a novel pulse interleaving technique,which makes full use of transmitting,waiting and receiving durations of radar dwells.The utilization of transmitting duration is unique for MIMO radars and is realized through transmitting duration overlapping.Simulation results show that,compared with the conventional scheduling algorithm,the scheduling performance of MIMO radars can be improved effectively by the proposed algorithm,and the scheduling rule can be chosen arbitrarily when using the proposed algorithm.
基金Foundation item:National Natural Science Foundation of China(10376001)
文摘The multiplexing ability of a novel multiplexing fiber Bragg grating(FBG)method based on Optical Time Domain Reflecto meter(OTDR)and Time Division Multiplexing TDM technologies has been theoretically analyzed and studied.This method permits the interrogation of hundreds of identical FBGs with low reflectivity in a single fiber,making the FBG sensors more applicable in the aerospace health monitoring engineering.The analysis shows that the multiplexing ability can be greatly improved if the FBG reflectivity is sufficiently low.And hence,an inexpensive large-scale distributed sensing system based on this method can be realized,When evaluating the multiplexing ability of this system,we propose for the first time that the interference effect of multi-reflections among FBGs should be taken into consideration.
