To enhance the bonding properties between ramie fiber and epoxy resin,the ramie fiber was modified using nano-silica grafting.Hydrophilic nano-silica treated with water-soluble sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and organic s...To enhance the bonding properties between ramie fiber and epoxy resin,the ramie fiber was modified using nano-silica grafting.Hydrophilic nano-silica treated with water-soluble sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and organic silane coupling agents was grafted onto the surface of ramie fiber.The surface roughness of the fibers was considerably increased after grafting.The nano-silica particles on the fiber surface enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the fiber-epoxy composite plates.Based on an analysis of contact angle measurements and a water absorption study,it was determined that the hydrophilicity of the treated fiber was weakened.展开更多
The interfacial property of carbon fiber(CF)reinforced composites is crucial to facilitate the application of high-strength composites.Utilizing the electrostatic and hydrogen bond properties of diazo resin,carbon nan...The interfacial property of carbon fiber(CF)reinforced composites is crucial to facilitate the application of high-strength composites.Utilizing the electrostatic and hydrogen bond properties of diazo resin,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and graphene oxide(GO)could be quickly grafted onto the surface of the CF via the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique.The results showed that CNTs and GO were uniformly coated onto the CF surface,and the chemical activity and roughness of the modified CF surface were improved signif-icantly.The modified CF surface can significantly augment the interaction between the epoxy resin and the fiber.Remarkably,due to the good interfacial property,the impact performance of the composites re-inforced with the nanomaterial-modified CF was improved obviously.In addition,the interface properties of the composites are studied in depth.This method is expected to achieve rapid surface modification of carbon fiber.展开更多
Effect of rare earth treatment on surface physicochemical properties of carbon fibers and interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites was investigated, and the interfacial adhesion mechanism of treated car...Effect of rare earth treatment on surface physicochemical properties of carbon fibers and interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites was investigated, and the interfacial adhesion mechanism of treated carbon fiber/epoxy composite was analyzed. It was found that rare earth treatment led to an increase of fiber surface roughness, improvement of oxygeaa-containing groups, and introduction of rare earth element on the carbon fiber surface. As a result, coordination linkages between fibers and rare earth, and between rare earth and resin matrix were formed separately, thereby the interlaminar shear strength （ILSS） of composites increased, which indicated the improvement of the interfacial adhesion between fibers and matrix resin resulting from the increase of carboxyl and carbonyl.展开更多
It is a challenge to identify each phase in a multi-component polymer system and uniquely determine the interfacial properties between the different phases.Using atomic force microscopy nanomechanical mapping(AFM-NM)a...It is a challenge to identify each phase in a multi-component polymer system and uniquely determine the interfacial properties between the different phases.Using atomic force microscopy nanomechanical mapping(AFM-NM)and AFM-based infrared spectroscopy(AFM-IR),we identify each phase,visualize structural developments,and determine the interfacial properties in a blend of three polymers:high-density polyethylene(HDPE),polyamide(PA6)and poly(styrene-b-ethylene-co-butylene-b-styrene)(SEBS).Each phase can be identified from the Young’s modulus,along with the structural development within the phases before and after compatibilization.The interfacial widths between HDPE/PA6,HDPE/SEBS and SEBS/PA6 were determined independently in one measurement from a Young’s modulus map.The structural,mechanical property development and identity of the phases were determined by AFM-NM,while AFM-IR,providing complementary chemical information,identified interfacial reactions,showed the chemical affinity of a compatibilizer with the component phases,and mapped the distribution of the compatibilizer in the ternary polymer blends.The chemical,structural and interfacial information obtained by these measurements provide information that is essential for producing mechanically robust materials from incompatible mixtures of polymers.展开更多
In this paper, effects of pH on the interfacial properties of heavy crude functional fractions and water system are investigated. The influence of pH on π-A isotherms of acid fraction, basic fraction, amphoteric frac...In this paper, effects of pH on the interfacial properties of heavy crude functional fractions and water system are investigated. The influence of pH on π-A isotherms of acid fraction, basic fraction, amphoteric fraction and asphaltene is great. The interfacial pressure of fractions increases in strongly basic conditions. The ζ (-80mv) of acid fraction is the largest under basic conditions (pH=11-12), with the result to show that the interfacial activity of the acid fraction is superior to that of other fractions. The results of model emulsions show that strongly basic conolition (pH≥11) is beneficial to oil-in- water emulsion stability. The interfacial activity of acid fraction and asphaltene is superior to that of other crude fractions.展开更多
Waste cooking oils and non-edible vegetable oils are abundant and renewable resources for bio-based materials which have showed great potential applications in many industries.In this study,five fatty acids commonly f...Waste cooking oils and non-edible vegetable oils are abundant and renewable resources for bio-based materials which have showed great potential applications in many industries.In this study,five fatty acids commonly found in non-edible vegetable oils,including palmitic acid,stearic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,ricinoleic acid,and their mixtures,were used to produce bio-based zwitterionic surfactants through a facile and high-yield chemical modification.These surfactants demonstrated excellent surface/interfacial properties with the minimum surface tensions ranging from 28.4 mN/m to 32.8 mN/m in aqueous solutions.The interfacial tensions between crude oil and surfactant solutions were remarkably reduced to lower values ranging from 0.0028 mN/m to 0.1983 mN/m without the aid of extra alkali,which particularly implied a great potential application in enhanced oil recovery.Meanwhile,these bio-based surfactants also showed good wetting properties(contact angles of~51°comparing with that of double distilled water,92.04°)and appropriate predicted biodegradability(degradation order of“weeks”for bio-based surfactants synthesized from saturated fatty acids,and“months”for those synthesized from unsaturated fatty acids).Bio-based surfactants synthesized from unsaturated fatty acids showed better interfacial properties in reducing interfacial tension between crude oil and formation water.The bio-based surfactants presented in this study are alternative substitutes for traditional petroleum-based surfactants in various surfactant application fields.展开更多
We use a Monte Carlo method to study the phase and interracial behaviors of A-b-B diblocks in a blend of homopolymers, A and B, which are confined between two asymmetric hard and impenetrable walls. Our results show t...We use a Monte Carlo method to study the phase and interracial behaviors of A-b-B diblocks in a blend of homopolymers, A and B, which are confined between two asymmetric hard and impenetrable walls. Our results show that, when the interaction strength is weak, the block copolymers are uniformly distributed in the ternary mixtures under considered concentrations. Under strong interaction strength, distribution region of the block copolymers changes from a single smooth interface to a curved interface or multi-layer interface in the ternary mixtures. Furthermore, our findings show that with increasing volume fraction of A-b-B diblock copolymer （φc）, copolymer profiles broaden while φc ≥ 0.4, a lamellar phase is formed and by further increasing φc, more thinner layers are observed. Moreover, the results show that, with the increase of φc, the phase interface first gradually transforms from plane to a curved surface rather than micelle or lamellar phase while with the increase of the interaction between A and B segments （CAB）, the copolymer chains not only get stretched in the direction perpendicular to the interface, but also are oriented. The simulations also reveal that the difference between symmetric and asymmetric copolymers is negligible in statistics if the lengths of two blocks are comparable.展开更多
Rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloy foils were prepared by melt-spinning method. Through comparison, the effects of rapid solidification process and 0.1%Pr/Nd(mass fraction) addition on the microstructure, ther...Rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloy foils were prepared by melt-spinning method. Through comparison, the effects of rapid solidification process and 0.1%Pr/Nd(mass fraction) addition on the microstructure, thermodynamic characteristic of Sn-9Zn solder alloy were analyzed. The tensile-shear tests were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of solder/Cu joints. The results show that the rapid solidification process can greatly refine the microstructure of Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloys. After rapid solidification, the effects of Pr/Nd addition on microstructure are depressed. The pasty range of the rapidly solidified Sn-Zn-RE solders is also reduced significantly. The mechanical properties of solder/Cu joints are obviously improved using the rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) solder alloy, which results in the formation of uniform interface. The promotion effect of Nd addition in Sn-9Zn alloy on the interfacial reaction of solder/Cu joint is more remarkable than that of Pr.展开更多
This study shows that the mechanical strength of the composite of Fe matrix and titanium carbide(Ti C)ceramic particles is significantly enhanced with addition of molybdenum(Mo) atoms. Ti C reinforced Fe(Fe-0.2C-7Mn) ...This study shows that the mechanical strength of the composite of Fe matrix and titanium carbide(Ti C)ceramic particles is significantly enhanced with addition of molybdenum(Mo) atoms. Ti C reinforced Fe(Fe-0.2C-7Mn) composites with and without Mo were fabricated by a liquid pressing infiltration(LPI)process and the effect of Mo on interfacial properties of TiC–Fe composite was investigated using atomic probe tomography(APT) analysis, molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, first-principle density functional theory(DFT), and thermodynamic calculations. First, DFT calculations showed that total energies of the Mo-doped Ti C–Fe superlattices strongly depend on the position of Mo defects, and are minimized when the Mo atom is located at the TiC/Fe interface, supporting the probable formation of MoC-like interphase at the TiC/Fe interface region. Then, APT analysis confirmed the DFT predictions by finding that about6.5 wt.% Mo is incorporated in the Ti C–Fe(Mo) composite and that sub-micrometer thick(Ti,Mo)C interphase is indeed formed near the interface. The MD simulations show that Mo atoms migrate to the Mo-free TiC–Fe interface at elevated temperatures and the mechanical strength of the interface is considerably enhanced, which is in good agreement with experimental observations.展开更多
A comparison study on interfacial properties of a traditional fluorine-bearing(F-bearing)mold flux and a newly designed fluorine-free(F-free)mold flux to produce advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)by compact strip pr...A comparison study on interfacial properties of a traditional fluorine-bearing(F-bearing)mold flux and a newly designed fluorine-free(F-free)mold flux to produce advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)by compact strip production technology was conducted.The results showed that these two kinds of mold fluxes gradually spread out on the typical AHSS substrate when slags began to melt with the increase in heating temperature,and they had a good interfacial ability between the two mold fluxes and the AHSS substrate,and there was no other interfacial reaction except the oxidization of steel substrate by the mold fluxes.In comparison,the wettability of the designed F-free mold flux with the AHSS substrate was better than that of the F-bearing mold flux.The reason could be explained as the addition of B_(2)O_(3) would increase the complexity and polymerization degree of the melt structure and weaken the attractive force between the ions and ionic groups,then leading to a better wettability.Besides,B_(2)O_(3) is an effective flux,which can reduce the melting temperature obviously,and the surface tension of the liquid F-free mold flux would get reduced with the addition of B_(2)O_(3).展开更多
The high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with ethyl cellulose/cellulose acetate (EC/CA) blends and EC as column packing material, and small molecular weight compound as probe molecules was employed to ...The high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with ethyl cellulose/cellulose acetate (EC/CA) blends and EC as column packing material, and small molecular weight compound as probe molecules was employed to measure the retention volume (VR) and equilibrium distribution coefficient (K) of both inorganic and organic solutes. The interfacial separation properties of EC/CA blends were characterized by the HPLC data. The effects of the blends on the interfacial adsorption properties, hydrophilicity, affinity, polar and non-polar parameters of EC membrane materials were studied subsequently. The research results indicate that the interfacial adsorption properties and hydrophilicity of EC have been improved by solution blending with CA. The alloys are superior to EC in the separation efficiency for non-dissociable polar organic solute. The EC/CA alloy (80:20, ω) is suitable for desalting and desaccharifying.展开更多
Organic single crystals with long-range molecular periodic ordering ensure superior charge-transport properties and low defect density,which have been considered promising candidates for charge-transporting materials ...Organic single crystals with long-range molecular periodic ordering ensure superior charge-transport properties and low defect density,which have been considered promising candidates for charge-transporting materials in organic light-emitting devices(OLEDs).The functional interfaces of OLEDs play a critical role in charge-transporting and light-emitting behaviors,while the interfacial properties of organic single crystals in OLEDs and their impact on device performance have been rarely investigated.Herein,two typical organic single crystals,1,4-bis(4-Methylstyryl)benzene(BSB-Me)and 2,6-diphenylanthracene(DPA)with different molecular formulas and packing structures,are introduced as the single-crystal hole-transporting layers(HTLs)for a systematic investigation of the interfacial properties between single-crystal HTLs and active emissive layers.BSB-Me singlecrystal HTLs offer satisfied surface wettability and enhanced interfacial interaction,which dominate the charge-transporting and light-emitting behaviors of the OLEDs.Such improved interfacial properties are responsible for the superior light outcoupling efficiency of BSB-Me single-crystal OLEDs with efficient exciton recombination and minimal Joule heat loss.In consequence,BSB-Me single-crystal OLEDs exhibit a maximum luminance of 50,170 cd/m^(2) and a peak EQE of 8.78%,which are better than DPA-based devices.Furthermore,BSB-Me single-crystal HTLs with favorable interfacial properties enable large-area OLEDs with uniform EL emission over the whole light-emitting area of 1mm×1 mm.展开更多
Interfacial and electrical properties of HfAlO/GaSb metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCAPs) with sulfur passivation were investigated and the chemical mechanisms of the sulfur passivation process were carefully ...Interfacial and electrical properties of HfAlO/GaSb metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCAPs) with sulfur passivation were investigated and the chemical mechanisms of the sulfur passivation process were carefully studied. It was shown that the sulfur passivation treatment could reduce the interface trap density Ditof the HfAlO/GaSb interface by 35% and reduce the equivalent oxide thickness(EOT) from 8 nm to 4 nm. The improved properties are due to the removal of the native oxide layer, as was proven by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements and high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy(HRXTEM) results. It was also found that GaSb-based MOSCAPs with HfAlO gate dielectrics have interfacial properties superior to those using HfO2 or Al2O3 dielectric layers.展开更多
An equation of state (EOS) applicable for the interfacial properties of CO2-methanol and CO2-ethanol mixtures was established by combining the cross-association EOS and the density gradient theory (DGT). The correlate...An equation of state (EOS) applicable for the interfacial properties of CO2-methanol and CO2-ethanol mixtures was established by combining the cross-association EOS and the density gradient theory (DGT). The correlated surface tensions of CO2-ethanol mixtures agreed well with the experimental data. The results illustrated the temperature and pressure dependence of the cross-association between CO2 and alcohol hydroxyls in the whole vapor-liquid surface,and the influence of the cross-association on the calculation of the surface tensions of binary mixtures.展开更多
This paper examined different kinds of organic functional groups that were introduced onto the surface of nano TiO_(2) by surface modification with different types of zircoaluminate coupling agents.The modified nanoTi...This paper examined different kinds of organic functional groups that were introduced onto the surface of nano TiO_(2) by surface modification with different types of zircoaluminate coupling agents.The modified nanoTiO_(2) products with different interfacial properties were obtained,and the impact of the interfacial properties of nanoTiO_(2) on the rheological behavior of paper coating and the properties of coated paper was systematically investigated.The steady shear rheological results showed that the paper coatings containing nano TiO_(2) exhibited a pseudoplastic fluid behavior,characterized as obvious shear thinning.Compared to the hydrophilic unmodified nano TiO_(2),modified nano TiO_(2) could contribute more to the viscosity of paper coatings.The study on the dynamic viscoelasticity revealed that,through the enhancing action among each component in paper coatings,the modified nano TiO_(2) with quaternary amine groups or carboxyl led to a higher dynamic elastic storage modulus and viscous loss modulus of paper coatings.In addition,SEM and AFM analyses indicated that adding modified nano TiO_(2) products in paper coating could improve the coating structure,thus ameliorating the optical properties and printability of coated paper.The results obtained could provide a good reference for the application of nano pigments in paper coating.展开更多
Benzene alkylation catalyzed by immobilized ionic liquids(ILs)on solid carriers is considered as a heterogeneous reaction,in which the interfacial properties play an important role.Hence,the interfacial characteristic...Benzene alkylation catalyzed by immobilized ionic liquids(ILs)on solid carriers is considered as a heterogeneous reaction,in which the interfacial properties play an important role.Hence,the interfacial characteristics between benzene/1-dodecene mixture and immobilized chloroaluminate ILs with different alkyl chain length on the silica substrate were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation.The grafted ILs can obviously promote the enrichment of benzene near the interface,leading to a higher ratio of benzene to dodecene,and the interfacial width increases slightly with increased alkyl chain of grafted cations.At the same time,the grafted cations can also enhance the benzene diffusion and suppress the dodecene diffusion at the interface,which probably helps to inhibit the inactivation of catalysts.This work provides deeply insights into the rational design of novel immo-bilized ILs catalysts for the benzene alkylation.展开更多
Methods capable of tuning the properties of van der Waals(vdW)layered materials in a controlled and reversible manner are highly desirable.Interfacial electronic properties of two-dimensional vdW heterostructure consi...Methods capable of tuning the properties of van der Waals(vdW)layered materials in a controlled and reversible manner are highly desirable.Interfacial electronic properties of two-dimensional vdW heterostructure consisting of silicene and indium selenide(InSe)have been calculated using density functional theory-based computational code.Furthermore,in order to vary the aforementioned properties,silicene is slid over a InSe layer in the presence of Li intercalation.On intercalation of the heterostructure,the buckling parameter associated with the corrugation of silicene decreases from 0.44A to 0.36A,whereas the InSe structure remains unaffected.Potential energy scans reveal a significant increase in the sliding energy barrier for the case of intercalated heterostructure as compared with the unintercalated heterostructure.The sliding of the silicene encounters the maximum energy barrier of 0.14 eV.Anisotropic analysis shows the noteworthy differences between calculated in-plane and out-of-plane part of dielectric function.A variation of the planar average charge density difference,dipole charge transfer and dipole moment have been discussed to elucidate the usability spectrum of the heterostructure.The employed approach based on intercalation and layer sliding can be effectively utilized for obtaining next-generation multifunctional devices.展开更多
The ZrTiON gate-dielectric GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor （MOS） capacitors with or without ZrAION as the interfacial passivation layer （IPL） are fabricated and their properties are investigated. The experimental r...The ZrTiON gate-dielectric GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor （MOS） capacitors with or without ZrAION as the interfacial passivation layer （IPL） are fabricated and their properties are investigated. The experimental results show that the GaAs MOS capacitor with the ZrAION IPL exhibits better interracial and electrical properties, including lower interface-state density （1.14 × 10^12 cm^-2eV^-1）, smaller gate leakage current （6.82 × 10^-5 A//cm^2 at Vfb ＋1V）, smaller capacitance equivalent thickness （1.5 nm）, and larger k value （26）. The involved mechanisms lie in the fact that the ZrAION IPL can effectively block the diffusion of Ti and O towards the GaAs surface, thus suppressing the formation of interracial Ga-/As-oxides and As-As dimers, which leads to improved interracial and electrical properties for the devices.展开更多
Heterointerfaces have been pivotal in unveiling extraordinary interfacial properties and enabling multifunctional material platforms.Despite extensive research on all-oxide interfaces,heterointerfaces between differen...Heterointerfaces have been pivotal in unveiling extraordinary interfacial properties and enabling multifunctional material platforms.Despite extensive research on all-oxide interfaces,heterointerfaces between different material classes,such as oxides and nitrides,remain underexplored.Here we present the fabrication of atomically sharp heterointerfaces between antiperovskite Ni_(3)InN and perovskite SrVO_(3).Leveraging layer-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy,we identified pronounced charge transfer across the well-ordered interface.First-principles calculations confirmed our experimental observations and further predicted an emergent magnetic moment within the Ni_(3)InN layer due to the charge transfer.These findings pave the way for novel electronic and spintronic applications by enabling tunable interfacial properties in nitride/oxide systems.展开更多
The bulge test is a widely utilized method for assessing the mechanical properties of thin films,including metals,polymers,and semiconductors.However,as film thickness diminishes to nanometer scales,boundary condition...The bulge test is a widely utilized method for assessing the mechanical properties of thin films,including metals,polymers,and semiconductors.However,as film thickness diminishes to nanometer scales,boundary conditions dominated by weak van der Waals forces significantly impact mechanical responses.Instead of sample fracture,interfacial shear deformation and delamination become the primary deformation modes,thereby challenging the applicability of conventional bulge models.To accommodate the interfacial effect,a modified mechanical model based on the bulge test has been proposed.This review summarizes recent advancements in the bulge test to highlight the potential challenges and opportunities for future research.展开更多
基金supported by the Chinese MIIT Special Research Plan on Civil Aircraft(No.MJ-2015-H-G-103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51878223)
文摘To enhance the bonding properties between ramie fiber and epoxy resin,the ramie fiber was modified using nano-silica grafting.Hydrophilic nano-silica treated with water-soluble sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and organic silane coupling agents was grafted onto the surface of ramie fiber.The surface roughness of the fibers was considerably increased after grafting.The nano-silica particles on the fiber surface enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the fiber-epoxy composite plates.Based on an analysis of contact angle measurements and a water absorption study,it was determined that the hydrophilicity of the treated fiber was weakened.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072193 and U22A20131)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.ZR2021JQ16 and ZR2019YQ19)+2 种基金the Project of Shan-dong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2019KJA026)the State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials(Grant No.KF2217)the Science Fund of Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing(Grant No.AMGM2021F11).
文摘The interfacial property of carbon fiber(CF)reinforced composites is crucial to facilitate the application of high-strength composites.Utilizing the electrostatic and hydrogen bond properties of diazo resin,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and graphene oxide(GO)could be quickly grafted onto the surface of the CF via the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique.The results showed that CNTs and GO were uniformly coated onto the CF surface,and the chemical activity and roughness of the modified CF surface were improved signif-icantly.The modified CF surface can significantly augment the interaction between the epoxy resin and the fiber.Remarkably,due to the good interfacial property,the impact performance of the composites re-inforced with the nanomaterial-modified CF was improved obviously.In addition,the interface properties of the composites are studied in depth.This method is expected to achieve rapid surface modification of carbon fiber.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50333030)
文摘Effect of rare earth treatment on surface physicochemical properties of carbon fibers and interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites was investigated, and the interfacial adhesion mechanism of treated carbon fiber/epoxy composite was analyzed. It was found that rare earth treatment led to an increase of fiber surface roughness, improvement of oxygeaa-containing groups, and introduction of rare earth element on the carbon fiber surface. As a result, coordination linkages between fibers and rare earth, and between rare earth and resin matrix were formed separately, thereby the interlaminar shear strength （ILSS） of composites increased, which indicated the improvement of the interfacial adhesion between fibers and matrix resin resulting from the increase of carboxyl and carbonyl.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51673016)the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft matter Science and Engineering.
文摘It is a challenge to identify each phase in a multi-component polymer system and uniquely determine the interfacial properties between the different phases.Using atomic force microscopy nanomechanical mapping(AFM-NM)and AFM-based infrared spectroscopy(AFM-IR),we identify each phase,visualize structural developments,and determine the interfacial properties in a blend of three polymers:high-density polyethylene(HDPE),polyamide(PA6)and poly(styrene-b-ethylene-co-butylene-b-styrene)(SEBS).Each phase can be identified from the Young’s modulus,along with the structural development within the phases before and after compatibilization.The interfacial widths between HDPE/PA6,HDPE/SEBS and SEBS/PA6 were determined independently in one measurement from a Young’s modulus map.The structural,mechanical property development and identity of the phases were determined by AFM-NM,while AFM-IR,providing complementary chemical information,identified interfacial reactions,showed the chemical affinity of a compatibilizer with the component phases,and mapped the distribution of the compatibilizer in the ternary polymer blends.The chemical,structural and interfacial information obtained by these measurements provide information that is essential for producing mechanically robust materials from incompatible mixtures of polymers.
文摘In this paper, effects of pH on the interfacial properties of heavy crude functional fractions and water system are investigated. The influence of pH on π-A isotherms of acid fraction, basic fraction, amphoteric fraction and asphaltene is great. The interfacial pressure of fractions increases in strongly basic conditions. The ζ (-80mv) of acid fraction is the largest under basic conditions (pH=11-12), with the result to show that the interfacial activity of the acid fraction is superior to that of other fractions. The results of model emulsions show that strongly basic conolition (pH≥11) is beneficial to oil-in- water emulsion stability. The interfacial activity of acid fraction and asphaltene is superior to that of other crude fractions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0308900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51574125)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.50321101917017)the Research Program of State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering.
文摘Waste cooking oils and non-edible vegetable oils are abundant and renewable resources for bio-based materials which have showed great potential applications in many industries.In this study,five fatty acids commonly found in non-edible vegetable oils,including palmitic acid,stearic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,ricinoleic acid,and their mixtures,were used to produce bio-based zwitterionic surfactants through a facile and high-yield chemical modification.These surfactants demonstrated excellent surface/interfacial properties with the minimum surface tensions ranging from 28.4 mN/m to 32.8 mN/m in aqueous solutions.The interfacial tensions between crude oil and surfactant solutions were remarkably reduced to lower values ranging from 0.0028 mN/m to 0.1983 mN/m without the aid of extra alkali,which particularly implied a great potential application in enhanced oil recovery.Meanwhile,these bio-based surfactants also showed good wetting properties(contact angles of~51°comparing with that of double distilled water,92.04°)and appropriate predicted biodegradability(degradation order of“weeks”for bio-based surfactants synthesized from saturated fatty acids,and“months”for those synthesized from unsaturated fatty acids).Bio-based surfactants synthesized from unsaturated fatty acids showed better interfacial properties in reducing interfacial tension between crude oil and formation water.The bio-based surfactants presented in this study are alternative substitutes for traditional petroleum-based surfactants in various surfactant application fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21304097,21334007and 21674113)
文摘We use a Monte Carlo method to study the phase and interracial behaviors of A-b-B diblocks in a blend of homopolymers, A and B, which are confined between two asymmetric hard and impenetrable walls. Our results show that, when the interaction strength is weak, the block copolymers are uniformly distributed in the ternary mixtures under considered concentrations. Under strong interaction strength, distribution region of the block copolymers changes from a single smooth interface to a curved interface or multi-layer interface in the ternary mixtures. Furthermore, our findings show that with increasing volume fraction of A-b-B diblock copolymer （φc）, copolymer profiles broaden while φc ≥ 0.4, a lamellar phase is formed and by further increasing φc, more thinner layers are observed. Moreover, the results show that, with the increase of φc, the phase interface first gradually transforms from plane to a curved surface rather than micelle or lamellar phase while with the increase of the interaction between A and B segments （CAB）, the copolymer chains not only get stretched in the direction perpendicular to the interface, but also are oriented. The simulations also reveal that the difference between symmetric and asymmetric copolymers is negligible in statistics if the lengths of two blocks are comparable.
基金Project(50675234)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloy foils were prepared by melt-spinning method. Through comparison, the effects of rapid solidification process and 0.1%Pr/Nd(mass fraction) addition on the microstructure, thermodynamic characteristic of Sn-9Zn solder alloy were analyzed. The tensile-shear tests were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of solder/Cu joints. The results show that the rapid solidification process can greatly refine the microstructure of Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) alloys. After rapid solidification, the effects of Pr/Nd addition on microstructure are depressed. The pasty range of the rapidly solidified Sn-Zn-RE solders is also reduced significantly. The mechanical properties of solder/Cu joints are obviously improved using the rapidly solidified Sn-9Zn-0.1Pr(/Nd) solder alloy, which results in the formation of uniform interface. The promotion effect of Nd addition in Sn-9Zn alloy on the interfacial reaction of solder/Cu joint is more remarkable than that of Pr.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Program (PNK7480) of the Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (NRF2020M3H4A3105943)+1 种基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF2014R1A1A2059123)。
文摘This study shows that the mechanical strength of the composite of Fe matrix and titanium carbide(Ti C)ceramic particles is significantly enhanced with addition of molybdenum(Mo) atoms. Ti C reinforced Fe(Fe-0.2C-7Mn) composites with and without Mo were fabricated by a liquid pressing infiltration(LPI)process and the effect of Mo on interfacial properties of TiC–Fe composite was investigated using atomic probe tomography(APT) analysis, molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, first-principle density functional theory(DFT), and thermodynamic calculations. First, DFT calculations showed that total energies of the Mo-doped Ti C–Fe superlattices strongly depend on the position of Mo defects, and are minimized when the Mo atom is located at the TiC/Fe interface, supporting the probable formation of MoC-like interphase at the TiC/Fe interface region. Then, APT analysis confirmed the DFT predictions by finding that about6.5 wt.% Mo is incorporated in the Ti C–Fe(Mo) composite and that sub-micrometer thick(Ti,Mo)C interphase is indeed formed near the interface. The MD simulations show that Mo atoms migrate to the Mo-free TiC–Fe interface at elevated temperatures and the mechanical strength of the interface is considerably enhanced, which is in good agreement with experimental observations.
基金The financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1760202)Hunan Scientific Technology projects(2020WK2003)is greatly acknowledged.
文摘A comparison study on interfacial properties of a traditional fluorine-bearing(F-bearing)mold flux and a newly designed fluorine-free(F-free)mold flux to produce advanced high-strength steels(AHSSs)by compact strip production technology was conducted.The results showed that these two kinds of mold fluxes gradually spread out on the typical AHSS substrate when slags began to melt with the increase in heating temperature,and they had a good interfacial ability between the two mold fluxes and the AHSS substrate,and there was no other interfacial reaction except the oxidization of steel substrate by the mold fluxes.In comparison,the wettability of the designed F-free mold flux with the AHSS substrate was better than that of the F-bearing mold flux.The reason could be explained as the addition of B_(2)O_(3) would increase the complexity and polymerization degree of the melt structure and weaken the attractive force between the ions and ionic groups,then leading to a better wettability.Besides,B_(2)O_(3) is an effective flux,which can reduce the melting temperature obviously,and the surface tension of the liquid F-free mold flux would get reduced with the addition of B_(2)O_(3).
基金Supported by Key Scientific Research Projects of Anhui Province (No 05021026)
文摘The high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with ethyl cellulose/cellulose acetate (EC/CA) blends and EC as column packing material, and small molecular weight compound as probe molecules was employed to measure the retention volume (VR) and equilibrium distribution coefficient (K) of both inorganic and organic solutes. The interfacial separation properties of EC/CA blends were characterized by the HPLC data. The effects of the blends on the interfacial adsorption properties, hydrophilicity, affinity, polar and non-polar parameters of EC membrane materials were studied subsequently. The research results indicate that the interfacial adsorption properties and hydrophilicity of EC have been improved by solution blending with CA. The alloys are superior to EC in the separation efficiency for non-dissociable polar organic solute. The EC/CA alloy (80:20, ω) is suitable for desalting and desaccharifying.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3607500,2024YFB3612500,and 2020YFA0715000)Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20293,62274076,and 61825402)Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin(20220101109JC).
文摘Organic single crystals with long-range molecular periodic ordering ensure superior charge-transport properties and low defect density,which have been considered promising candidates for charge-transporting materials in organic light-emitting devices(OLEDs).The functional interfaces of OLEDs play a critical role in charge-transporting and light-emitting behaviors,while the interfacial properties of organic single crystals in OLEDs and their impact on device performance have been rarely investigated.Herein,two typical organic single crystals,1,4-bis(4-Methylstyryl)benzene(BSB-Me)and 2,6-diphenylanthracene(DPA)with different molecular formulas and packing structures,are introduced as the single-crystal hole-transporting layers(HTLs)for a systematic investigation of the interfacial properties between single-crystal HTLs and active emissive layers.BSB-Me singlecrystal HTLs offer satisfied surface wettability and enhanced interfacial interaction,which dominate the charge-transporting and light-emitting behaviors of the OLEDs.Such improved interfacial properties are responsible for the superior light outcoupling efficiency of BSB-Me single-crystal OLEDs with efficient exciton recombination and minimal Joule heat loss.In consequence,BSB-Me single-crystal OLEDs exhibit a maximum luminance of 50,170 cd/m^(2) and a peak EQE of 8.78%,which are better than DPA-based devices.Furthermore,BSB-Me single-crystal HTLs with favorable interfacial properties enable large-area OLEDs with uniform EL emission over the whole light-emitting area of 1mm×1 mm.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （Grant No. 201 ICBA00602） and the National Science and Technology Major Project, China （Grant No. 2011 ZX02708-002）.
文摘Interfacial and electrical properties of HfAlO/GaSb metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCAPs) with sulfur passivation were investigated and the chemical mechanisms of the sulfur passivation process were carefully studied. It was shown that the sulfur passivation treatment could reduce the interface trap density Ditof the HfAlO/GaSb interface by 35% and reduce the equivalent oxide thickness(EOT) from 8 nm to 4 nm. The improved properties are due to the removal of the native oxide layer, as was proven by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements and high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy(HRXTEM) results. It was also found that GaSb-based MOSCAPs with HfAlO gate dielectrics have interfacial properties superior to those using HfO2 or Al2O3 dielectric layers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21076070)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (09MG13)
文摘An equation of state (EOS) applicable for the interfacial properties of CO2-methanol and CO2-ethanol mixtures was established by combining the cross-association EOS and the density gradient theory (DGT). The correlated surface tensions of CO2-ethanol mixtures agreed well with the experimental data. The results illustrated the temperature and pressure dependence of the cross-association between CO2 and alcohol hydroxyls in the whole vapor-liquid surface,and the influence of the cross-association on the calculation of the surface tensions of binary mixtures.
基金The authors extend a sincere acknowledge and appreciation for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21306216,and Grant No.31470609)。
文摘This paper examined different kinds of organic functional groups that were introduced onto the surface of nano TiO_(2) by surface modification with different types of zircoaluminate coupling agents.The modified nanoTiO_(2) products with different interfacial properties were obtained,and the impact of the interfacial properties of nanoTiO_(2) on the rheological behavior of paper coating and the properties of coated paper was systematically investigated.The steady shear rheological results showed that the paper coatings containing nano TiO_(2) exhibited a pseudoplastic fluid behavior,characterized as obvious shear thinning.Compared to the hydrophilic unmodified nano TiO_(2),modified nano TiO_(2) could contribute more to the viscosity of paper coatings.The study on the dynamic viscoelasticity revealed that,through the enhancing action among each component in paper coatings,the modified nano TiO_(2) with quaternary amine groups or carboxyl led to a higher dynamic elastic storage modulus and viscous loss modulus of paper coatings.In addition,SEM and AFM analyses indicated that adding modified nano TiO_(2) products in paper coating could improve the coating structure,thus ameliorating the optical properties and printability of coated paper.The results obtained could provide a good reference for the application of nano pigments in paper coating.
基金The financial support by State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing
文摘Benzene alkylation catalyzed by immobilized ionic liquids(ILs)on solid carriers is considered as a heterogeneous reaction,in which the interfacial properties play an important role.Hence,the interfacial characteristics between benzene/1-dodecene mixture and immobilized chloroaluminate ILs with different alkyl chain length on the silica substrate were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation.The grafted ILs can obviously promote the enrichment of benzene near the interface,leading to a higher ratio of benzene to dodecene,and the interfacial width increases slightly with increased alkyl chain of grafted cations.At the same time,the grafted cations can also enhance the benzene diffusion and suppress the dodecene diffusion at the interface,which probably helps to inhibit the inactivation of catalysts.This work provides deeply insights into the rational design of novel immo-bilized ILs catalysts for the benzene alkylation.
文摘Methods capable of tuning the properties of van der Waals(vdW)layered materials in a controlled and reversible manner are highly desirable.Interfacial electronic properties of two-dimensional vdW heterostructure consisting of silicene and indium selenide(InSe)have been calculated using density functional theory-based computational code.Furthermore,in order to vary the aforementioned properties,silicene is slid over a InSe layer in the presence of Li intercalation.On intercalation of the heterostructure,the buckling parameter associated with the corrugation of silicene decreases from 0.44A to 0.36A,whereas the InSe structure remains unaffected.Potential energy scans reveal a significant increase in the sliding energy barrier for the case of intercalated heterostructure as compared with the unintercalated heterostructure.The sliding of the silicene encounters the maximum energy barrier of 0.14 eV.Anisotropic analysis shows the noteworthy differences between calculated in-plane and out-of-plane part of dielectric function.A variation of the planar average charge density difference,dipole charge transfer and dipole moment have been discussed to elucidate the usability spectrum of the heterostructure.The employed approach based on intercalation and layer sliding can be effectively utilized for obtaining next-generation multifunctional devices.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61176100,61274112 and 61404055
文摘The ZrTiON gate-dielectric GaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor （MOS） capacitors with or without ZrAION as the interfacial passivation layer （IPL） are fabricated and their properties are investigated. The experimental results show that the GaAs MOS capacitor with the ZrAION IPL exhibits better interracial and electrical properties, including lower interface-state density （1.14 × 10^12 cm^-2eV^-1）, smaller gate leakage current （6.82 × 10^-5 A//cm^2 at Vfb ＋1V）, smaller capacitance equivalent thickness （1.5 nm）, and larger k value （26）. The involved mechanisms lie in the fact that the ZrAION IPL can effectively block the diffusion of Ti and O towards the GaAs surface, thus suppressing the formation of interracial Ga-/As-oxides and As-As dimers, which leads to improved interracial and electrical properties for the devices.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ24002)the National Key Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0309100)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20263,52250308,12304158,12325401,12274069,12404102,and 12474096)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-084)the CAS Youth Interdisciplinary Team,the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2022B1515120014)the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Neutron Scattering Science and Technology,and the International Young Scientist Fellowship of Institute of Physics,CAS.
文摘Heterointerfaces have been pivotal in unveiling extraordinary interfacial properties and enabling multifunctional material platforms.Despite extensive research on all-oxide interfaces,heterointerfaces between different material classes,such as oxides and nitrides,remain underexplored.Here we present the fabrication of atomically sharp heterointerfaces between antiperovskite Ni_(3)InN and perovskite SrVO_(3).Leveraging layer-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy,we identified pronounced charge transfer across the well-ordered interface.First-principles calculations confirmed our experimental observations and further predicted an emergent magnetic moment within the Ni_(3)InN layer due to the charge transfer.These findings pave the way for novel electronic and spintronic applications by enabling tunable interfacial properties in nitride/oxide systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22072031,12372107,11832010,and 11890682)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB36000000).
文摘The bulge test is a widely utilized method for assessing the mechanical properties of thin films,including metals,polymers,and semiconductors.However,as film thickness diminishes to nanometer scales,boundary conditions dominated by weak van der Waals forces significantly impact mechanical responses.Instead of sample fracture,interfacial shear deformation and delamination become the primary deformation modes,thereby challenging the applicability of conventional bulge models.To accommodate the interfacial effect,a modified mechanical model based on the bulge test has been proposed.This review summarizes recent advancements in the bulge test to highlight the potential challenges and opportunities for future research.
