The interfacial oxidation behavior of Cr_(4)Mo_(4) V high-speed steel(HSS)joints undergoing hot-compression bonding was investigated by using optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and transmission e...The interfacial oxidation behavior of Cr_(4)Mo_(4) V high-speed steel(HSS)joints undergoing hot-compression bonding was investigated by using optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).In the heating and holding processes,dispersed rod-like and granularδ-Al_(2)O_(3) oxides were formed at the interface and in the matrix near the interface due to the selective oxidation and internal oxidation of Al,while irregular Si-Al-O compounds and spheroidal SiO_(2) particles were formed at the interface.After the post-holding treatment,SiO_(2) oxides and Si-Al-O compounds were dissolved into the matrix,andδ-Al_(2)O_(3) oxides were transformed into nanoscaleα-Al_(2)O_(3) particles,which did not deteriorate the mechanical properties of the joints.The formation and migration of newly-formed grain boundaries by plastic deformation and post-holding treatment were the main mechanism for interface healing.The tensile test results showed that the strength of the healed joints was comparable to that of the base material,and the in-situ tensile observations proved that the fracture was initiated at the grain boundary of the matrix rather than at the interface.The clarification of interfacial oxides and microstructure is essential for the application of hot-compression bonding of HSSs.展开更多
An innovative method of hot compression bonding is proposed in this work for the joining of 9Cr oxide dispersion strengthened(ODS)alloy and 9Cr reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic(RAFM)alloy.The microstructural ev...An innovative method of hot compression bonding is proposed in this work for the joining of 9Cr oxide dispersion strengthened(ODS)alloy and 9Cr reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic(RAFM)alloy.The microstructural evolution of the bonding interface was investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results verify that the pinning effect of nano-oxides particles(NPs)in 9Cr ODS alloy significantly enhances its dynamic recrystallization(DRX)temperature and deformation resistance.Continuous DRX(CDRX)first occurred on the 9Cr RAFM alloy side,and the areas near the bonding interface were composed of recrystallized grains.With increasing strain,CDRX also showed up on the 9Cr ODS alloy side.Inevitable slight oxidation occurred at the bonding interface during the hot compression bonding(HCB)process,and the interfacial oxides transformed from initial coarse CrO to TiO and finally to Y-Ti-O nanoparticles with sizes comparable to pre-existing NPs dispersed in the 9Cr ODS alloy matrix.It is believed that interfacial oxide transformation and grain structure consistency contributed to the excellent interface healing of the two dissimilar alloy pieces.The effectiveness of the bonding was tested by tensile tests and fractography analysis,revealing that ideal metallurgical bonding could be achieved under a controlled strain level of 10%at 800℃ followed by soaking at 1000℃ for 4 h.展开更多
Membrane distillation(MD)is a promising alternative desalination technology,but the hydrophobic membrane cannot intercept volatile organic compounds(VOCs),resulting in aggravation in the quality of permeate.In term of...Membrane distillation(MD)is a promising alternative desalination technology,but the hydrophobic membrane cannot intercept volatile organic compounds(VOCs),resulting in aggravation in the quality of permeate.In term of this,electro-Fenton(EF)was coupled with sweeping gas membrane distillation(SGMD)in a more efficient way to construct an advanced oxidation barrier at the gas-liquid interface,so that the VOCs could be trapped in this layer to guarantee the water quality of the distillate.During the so-called EF-MD process,an interfacial interception barrier containing hydroxyl radical formed on the hydrophobic membrane surface.It contributed to the high phenol rejection of 90.2% with the permeate phenol concentration lower than 1.50 mg/L.Effective interceptions can be achieved in a wide temperature range,even though the permeate flux of phenol was also intensified.The EF-MD system was robust to high salinity and could electrochemically regenerate ferrous ions,which endowed the long-term stability of the system.This novel EF-MD configuration proposed a valuable strategy to intercept VOCs in MD and will broaden the application of MD in hypersaline wastewater treatment.展开更多
Here,we report the leading manu facture of the large-scale integral weldless stainless steel forging ring(φ=15.6 m)by the multilayer additive hot-compression bonding technology.Moreover,the detailed interface healing...Here,we report the leading manu facture of the large-scale integral weldless stainless steel forging ring(φ=15.6 m)by the multilayer additive hot-compression bonding technology.Moreover,the detailed interface healing mecha nism involving interfacial oxide evolution is elucidated,which validates the feasibility and reliability of the technique we proposed.展开更多
This paper reports the use of Au films to improve the performance of the stacked solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) based on the characterization of the interface and the adhesion between the electrodes of the SOFCs and the ...This paper reports the use of Au films to improve the performance of the stacked solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) based on the characterization of the interface and the adhesion between the electrodes of the SOFCs and the Ag paste. The specimens were manufactured to perform the experiment as follows. A Si O2 wafer with a 300 mm notch was attached to the electrodes of a SOFC by a Ag paste and Au film, which were deposited on the electrodes by sputtering for 1 min or 5 min deposition time and annealed at300 C for 1 h. The four-point bending test was performed, which resulted in the formation of an extended crack at the tip on the wafer notch, and the crack propagation was observed using a stereo microscope equipped with a charge-coupled device(CCD). Consequently, the interfacial adhesion energy and the effect of the Au film between the each electrode and the Ag paste can be evaluated. On the cathode, the interfacial adhesion energy without Au film was 2.59 J/m2(upper value) and the adhesion energy increased to 11.59 J/m2(upper value) and 15.89 J/m2(lower value) with the Au film. On the anode,the interfacial adhesion energy without Au film was 1.74 J/m2(upper value), which increased to 11.07 J/m2(upper value) and 14.74 J/m2(lower value) with the Au film. In addition, the interface areas were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) to estimate the interface delamination.展开更多
Metal oxide supported metal catalysts show promising catalytic performance in many industry-relevant reactions.However,the enhancement of performance is often limited by the insufficient metal/metal oxide interface.In...Metal oxide supported metal catalysts show promising catalytic performance in many industry-relevant reactions.However,the enhancement of performance is often limited by the insufficient metal/metal oxide interface.In this work,we demonstrate a general synthesis of Pt-early transition metal oxide(Pt-MO_(x),M=Ti,Zr,V,and Y)catalysts with rich interfacial sites,which is based on the air-induced surface segregation and oxidation of M in the supported Pt-M alloy catalysts.Systematic characterizations verify the dynamic structural response of Pt-M alloy catalysts to air and the formation of Pt-MO_(x) catalysts with abundant interfacial sites.The prepared Pt-TiO_(x) interfacial catalysts exhibit improved performance in hydrogenation reactions of benzaldehyde,nitrobenzene,styrene,and furfural,as a result of the heterolytic dissociation of H_(2) at Pt-metal oxide interfacial sites.展开更多
This article proposes a new conceptual biomimetic liquid metal synapse(LMS),which operates on a principle that resembles electrochemical structural plasticity,distinct from conventional electronic state transitions.It...This article proposes a new conceptual biomimetic liquid metal synapse(LMS),which operates on a principle that resembles electrochemical structural plasticity,distinct from conventional electronic state transitions.Its core architecture and biomimetic working mechanism have been clarified,which are governed by synergistic,persistent changes in the interfacial oxide layer and ion concentration at the liquid metal-electrolyte junction.These synergistic effects enable the precise modulation of synaptic strength through electrolyte engineering.The LMS demonstrates electrical behaviors analogous to fundamental neurobiological functions,such as signal transmission and persistent state changes reminiscent of long-term plasticity,which are rooted in permanent morphological and compositional reconstruction akin to biological systems.The inherent deformability,self-repair capacity,and high conductivity of liquidmetal facilitate the design of neural networks that replicate the dynamic,adaptive signaling essential for flexible intelligent devices.The insights from the LMSs suggest a promising pathway for future research into next-generation neural functional architectures.展开更多
We report Pt deposition on a Si substrate by means of atomic layer deposition（ALD） using（methylcyclopentadienyl） trimethylplatinum（CH_3C_5H_4Pt（CH_3）_3） and O_2.Silicon substrates with both HF-last and oxidela...We report Pt deposition on a Si substrate by means of atomic layer deposition（ALD） using（methylcyclopentadienyl） trimethylplatinum（CH_3C_5H_4Pt（CH_3）_3） and O_2.Silicon substrates with both HF-last and oxidelast surface treatments are employed to investigate the influence of surface preparation on Pt-ALD.A significantly longer incubation time and less homogeneity are observed for Pt growth on the HF-last substrate compared to the oxide-last substrate.An interfacial oxide layer at the Pt-Si interface is found inevitable even with HF treatment of the Si substrate immediately prior to ALD processing.A plausible explanation to the observed difference of Pt-ALD is discussed.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2018YFA0702900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51774265 and 51701225)+3 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Nos.2019ZX06004010 and 2017-VII008-0101)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDC04000000)the LingChuang Research Project of China National Nuclear Corporation Program of CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation TeamYouth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS。
文摘The interfacial oxidation behavior of Cr_(4)Mo_(4) V high-speed steel(HSS)joints undergoing hot-compression bonding was investigated by using optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).In the heating and holding processes,dispersed rod-like and granularδ-Al_(2)O_(3) oxides were formed at the interface and in the matrix near the interface due to the selective oxidation and internal oxidation of Al,while irregular Si-Al-O compounds and spheroidal SiO_(2) particles were formed at the interface.After the post-holding treatment,SiO_(2) oxides and Si-Al-O compounds were dissolved into the matrix,andδ-Al_(2)O_(3) oxides were transformed into nanoscaleα-Al_(2)O_(3) particles,which did not deteriorate the mechanical properties of the joints.The formation and migration of newly-formed grain boundaries by plastic deformation and post-holding treatment were the main mechanism for interface healing.The tensile test results showed that the strength of the healed joints was comparable to that of the base material,and the in-situ tensile observations proved that the fracture was initiated at the grain boundary of the matrix rather than at the interface.The clarification of interfacial oxides and microstructure is essential for the application of hot-compression bonding of HSSs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52233017,51774265,52301032,and 52173305)the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2018YFA0702900)+2 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2019ZX06004010)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDC04000000)the LingChuang Research Project of China National Nuclear Corporation,CNNC Science Fund for Talented Young Scholars,the Program of CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team,and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS.
文摘An innovative method of hot compression bonding is proposed in this work for the joining of 9Cr oxide dispersion strengthened(ODS)alloy and 9Cr reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic(RAFM)alloy.The microstructural evolution of the bonding interface was investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron back-scattered diffraction(EBSD),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results verify that the pinning effect of nano-oxides particles(NPs)in 9Cr ODS alloy significantly enhances its dynamic recrystallization(DRX)temperature and deformation resistance.Continuous DRX(CDRX)first occurred on the 9Cr RAFM alloy side,and the areas near the bonding interface were composed of recrystallized grains.With increasing strain,CDRX also showed up on the 9Cr ODS alloy side.Inevitable slight oxidation occurred at the bonding interface during the hot compression bonding(HCB)process,and the interfacial oxides transformed from initial coarse CrO to TiO and finally to Y-Ti-O nanoparticles with sizes comparable to pre-existing NPs dispersed in the 9Cr ODS alloy matrix.It is believed that interfacial oxide transformation and grain structure consistency contributed to the excellent interface healing of the two dissimilar alloy pieces.The effectiveness of the bonding was tested by tensile tests and fractography analysis,revealing that ideal metallurgical bonding could be achieved under a controlled strain level of 10%at 800℃ followed by soaking at 1000℃ for 4 h.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52200111,51978651,and 51878049)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M703407)the special fund from the State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.21Z01ESPCR)。
文摘Membrane distillation(MD)is a promising alternative desalination technology,but the hydrophobic membrane cannot intercept volatile organic compounds(VOCs),resulting in aggravation in the quality of permeate.In term of this,electro-Fenton(EF)was coupled with sweeping gas membrane distillation(SGMD)in a more efficient way to construct an advanced oxidation barrier at the gas-liquid interface,so that the VOCs could be trapped in this layer to guarantee the water quality of the distillate.During the so-called EF-MD process,an interfacial interception barrier containing hydroxyl radical formed on the hydrophobic membrane surface.It contributed to the high phenol rejection of 90.2% with the permeate phenol concentration lower than 1.50 mg/L.Effective interceptions can be achieved in a wide temperature range,even though the permeate flux of phenol was also intensified.The EF-MD system was robust to high salinity and could electrochemically regenerate ferrous ions,which endowed the long-term stability of the system.This novel EF-MD configuration proposed a valuable strategy to intercept VOCs in MD and will broaden the application of MD in hypersaline wastewater treatment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program[Grant No.2018YFA0702900]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.51774265]+2 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project of China[Grant No.2019ZX06004010]Program of CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation TeamYouth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS。
文摘Here,we report the leading manu facture of the large-scale integral weldless stainless steel forging ring(φ=15.6 m)by the multilayer additive hot-compression bonding technology.Moreover,the detailed interface healing mecha nism involving interfacial oxide evolution is elucidated,which validates the feasibility and reliability of the technique we proposed.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (No. 2012R1A1A2007778)
文摘This paper reports the use of Au films to improve the performance of the stacked solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) based on the characterization of the interface and the adhesion between the electrodes of the SOFCs and the Ag paste. The specimens were manufactured to perform the experiment as follows. A Si O2 wafer with a 300 mm notch was attached to the electrodes of a SOFC by a Ag paste and Au film, which were deposited on the electrodes by sputtering for 1 min or 5 min deposition time and annealed at300 C for 1 h. The four-point bending test was performed, which resulted in the formation of an extended crack at the tip on the wafer notch, and the crack propagation was observed using a stereo microscope equipped with a charge-coupled device(CCD). Consequently, the interfacial adhesion energy and the effect of the Au film between the each electrode and the Ag paste can be evaluated. On the cathode, the interfacial adhesion energy without Au film was 2.59 J/m2(upper value) and the adhesion energy increased to 11.59 J/m2(upper value) and 15.89 J/m2(lower value) with the Au film. On the anode,the interfacial adhesion energy without Au film was 1.74 J/m2(upper value), which increased to 11.07 J/m2(upper value) and 14.74 J/m2(lower value) with the Au film. In addition, the interface areas were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) to estimate the interface delamination.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22221003 and 22071225)the Plan for Anhui Major Provincial Science&Technology Project(Nos.202203a0520013 and 2021d05050006)the fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M712179).
文摘Metal oxide supported metal catalysts show promising catalytic performance in many industry-relevant reactions.However,the enhancement of performance is often limited by the insufficient metal/metal oxide interface.In this work,we demonstrate a general synthesis of Pt-early transition metal oxide(Pt-MO_(x),M=Ti,Zr,V,and Y)catalysts with rich interfacial sites,which is based on the air-induced surface segregation and oxidation of M in the supported Pt-M alloy catalysts.Systematic characterizations verify the dynamic structural response of Pt-M alloy catalysts to air and the formation of Pt-MO_(x) catalysts with abundant interfacial sites.The prepared Pt-TiO_(x) interfacial catalysts exhibit improved performance in hydrogenation reactions of benzaldehyde,nitrobenzene,styrene,and furfural,as a result of the heterolytic dissociation of H_(2) at Pt-metal oxide interfacial sites.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under grant No.2024M753315.
文摘This article proposes a new conceptual biomimetic liquid metal synapse(LMS),which operates on a principle that resembles electrochemical structural plasticity,distinct from conventional electronic state transitions.Its core architecture and biomimetic working mechanism have been clarified,which are governed by synergistic,persistent changes in the interfacial oxide layer and ion concentration at the liquid metal-electrolyte junction.These synergistic effects enable the precise modulation of synaptic strength through electrolyte engineering.The LMS demonstrates electrical behaviors analogous to fundamental neurobiological functions,such as signal transmission and persistent state changes reminiscent of long-term plasticity,which are rooted in permanent morphological and compositional reconstruction akin to biological systems.The inherent deformability,self-repair capacity,and high conductivity of liquidmetal facilitate the design of neural networks that replicate the dynamic,adaptive signaling essential for flexible intelligent devices.The insights from the LMSs suggest a promising pathway for future research into next-generation neural functional architectures.
基金Project supported by the National S&T Major Project 02(No.2009ZX02035-003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 61176090)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning
文摘We report Pt deposition on a Si substrate by means of atomic layer deposition（ALD） using（methylcyclopentadienyl） trimethylplatinum（CH_3C_5H_4Pt（CH_3）_3） and O_2.Silicon substrates with both HF-last and oxidelast surface treatments are employed to investigate the influence of surface preparation on Pt-ALD.A significantly longer incubation time and less homogeneity are observed for Pt growth on the HF-last substrate compared to the oxide-last substrate.An interfacial oxide layer at the Pt-Si interface is found inevitable even with HF treatment of the Si substrate immediately prior to ALD processing.A plausible explanation to the observed difference of Pt-ALD is discussed.
