The effects of interfacial modifier on the mechanical properties of kaolin-filled polyamide 6 (PA6) have been studied. The interracial interaction between polyamide 6 and kaolin has been character ized by means of inf...The effects of interfacial modifier on the mechanical properties of kaolin-filled polyamide 6 (PA6) have been studied. The interracial interaction between polyamide 6 and kaolin has been character ized by means of infrared spectroscopy (IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the role of the interracial modifier lies in forming an elastic interlayer with good adhesion between kaolin and PA 6. A composite with high impact strength, high tensile strength and high elastic modulus can be obtained by inserting the elastic interfacial modifier into the rigid-particle-filled polymer system.展开更多
Health monitoring is becoming increasingly critical for disease prevention,early diagnosis,and highquality living.Polymeric materials,with their mechanical flexibility,biocompatibility,and tunable biochemical properti...Health monitoring is becoming increasingly critical for disease prevention,early diagnosis,and highquality living.Polymeric materials,with their mechanical flexibility,biocompatibility,and tunable biochemical properties,offer unique advantages for creating next-generation personalized devices.In recent years,flexible polymer-based platforms have shown remarkable potential to capture diverse physiological signals in both daily and clinical contexts,including electrophysiological,biochemical,mechanical,and thermal indicators.In this review,we introduce a safety-leveloriented framework to evaluate material and device strategies for health monitoring,spanning the continuum from noninvasive wearables to deeply embedded implants.Physiological signals are systematically classified by use case,and application-specific requirements such as stability,comfort,and long-term compatibility are highlighted as critical factors guiding the selection of polymers,interfacial designs,and device architectures.Special emphasis is placed on mapping material types—including hydrogels,elastomers,and conductive composites—to their most suitable applications.Finally,we propose design principles for developing safe,functional,and adaptive polymer-based systems,aiming at reliable integration with the human body and enabling personalized,preventive healthcare.展开更多
The polysulfide shuttle effect critically hinders lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery development,therefore,the design of heterogeneous interface engineering with“adsorption-catalysis”functions for polysulfide conversion ha...The polysulfide shuttle effect critically hinders lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery development,therefore,the design of heterogeneous interface engineering with“adsorption-catalysis”functions for polysulfide conversion has garnered considerable attention.However,the exploration of the intricate relationship between key electronic properties and catalytic activity at such interfaces remains a challenge.Additionally,a comprehensive understanding of the thermodynamic growth mechanisms for heterostructure materials is lacking.Herein,a Ni-based homologous structure was precisely constructed via thermodynamic control,with a specific focus on optimizing the interface design.The theoretical results show that the heterostructures with adjustable composition realize the appropriate upward shift to the D-band,improving the affinity towards polysulfide,and further reducing the reaction energy barrier.On this basis,the relationship between interface design and the D-band center,as well as catalytic performance,was established.Specifically,M-Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(3)ZnC_(0.7)accomplishes the electron enrichment at the interface,supporting the further diffusion of polysulfides,and lowering the Li-S bond energy,performing the bidirectional catalytic transformation of polysulfides.As a result,the Li-S batteries with the cathode of M-Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(3)ZnC_(0.7)/S deliver rate performances of discharge capacity of 514 mA h g^(−1)at 5.0 C.This understanding of the D-band and interfacial design provides a framework for Li-S catalyst optimization.展开更多
P2-type layered oxides are promising cathodes for sodium-ion batteries,yet their practical application is hindered by structural instability and parasitic interfacial reactions.Conventional surface coatings face a fun...P2-type layered oxides are promising cathodes for sodium-ion batteries,yet their practical application is hindered by structural instability and parasitic interfacial reactions.Conventional surface coatings face a fundamental trade-off,where protective layers inevitably introduce additional Na^(+)transport paths and barriers.Here,we overcome this limitation by designing a multifunctional Nd-rich nano-island heterostructure on the P2-type cathode surface.Driven by a large lattice mismatch,this noncontinuous architecture creates a thermodynamically stable interface where chemically rooted,electronically conductive nano-islands enhance charge transfer,while inter-island channels maintain open pathways for rapid Na^(+)diffusion.Theoretical calculations reveal that the heterostructure improves surface conductivity and anchors lattice oxygen via strong Nd-O bonds.Experimentally,in situ XRD confirms the mitigation of the detrimental P2-O2 phase transition by a buffering Z-phase and the recovery of lattice parameters upon discharge,while depth-resolved ToF-SIMS validates the formation of a thin,compact,and inorganic-rich cathode-electrolyte interphase that reduces interfacial side reactions.Consequently,the engineered cathode demonstrates exceptional rate performance(90 mA h g^(-1)at 20 C),outstanding cycling stability(85.8%retention over 200 cycles),and demonstrated potential in practical pouch cell configurations.展开更多
CO_(2)capture and conversion has been prospected as an auspicious technology to simultaneously tackle the rise in global CO_(2)emission and produce valueadded fuels with the goal of accomplishing carbon neutrality.A s...CO_(2)capture and conversion has been prospected as an auspicious technology to simultaneously tackle the rise in global CO_(2)emission and produce valueadded fuels with the goal of accomplishing carbon neutrality.A sustainable route to achieve this is via the utilization of solar energy,thereby harnessing the abundant and nonexhaustive resource to shift our reliance away from rapidly depleting fossil fuels.Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))and its allotrope have earned its rank as a fascinating metal-free photocatalyst due to its superior stability,high surface-area-to-volume ratio,and tunable surface engineering.By leveraging these properties,robust carbon nitride-based nanostructures are engineered for photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion to energy-rich C_(1)-C_(2) product,which is indispensable in the chemical industry.Thus,this review presents the latest panorama of experimental and computational research on tuning the local electronic,surface chemical coordination environment,charge dynamics and optical properties of low-dimensional carbon nitride and its allotropes toward highly selective and efficient CO_(2)photoconversion.To name a few,structural engineering,point-defect engineering,heterojunction construction,and cocatalyst loading.To advance this frontier,critical insights are elucidated to establish the structure-performance relationship and unravel primary factors dictating the selectivity of C_(1)-C_(2) molecules from CO_(2)reduction.External-field assisted photocatalysis such as with electric(photoelectro-)and heat(photothermal)is discussed to uncover the synergistic contributions that drive the development in photochemistry.Last,future challenges and prospects are outlined for the potential application of solar-driven CO_(2)conversion,along with the scale-up strategy from the economic viewpoint toward the rational development of high-efficiency carbon nitride catalysts.展开更多
基金The project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The effects of interfacial modifier on the mechanical properties of kaolin-filled polyamide 6 (PA6) have been studied. The interracial interaction between polyamide 6 and kaolin has been character ized by means of infrared spectroscopy (IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the role of the interracial modifier lies in forming an elastic interlayer with good adhesion between kaolin and PA 6. A composite with high impact strength, high tensile strength and high elastic modulus can be obtained by inserting the elastic interfacial modifier into the rigid-particle-filled polymer system.
基金the financial support from the National University of Singapore(Grant No.A-001002800-00)the Singapore Ministry of Education(Grant No.A-8003587-00-00)。
文摘Health monitoring is becoming increasingly critical for disease prevention,early diagnosis,and highquality living.Polymeric materials,with their mechanical flexibility,biocompatibility,and tunable biochemical properties,offer unique advantages for creating next-generation personalized devices.In recent years,flexible polymer-based platforms have shown remarkable potential to capture diverse physiological signals in both daily and clinical contexts,including electrophysiological,biochemical,mechanical,and thermal indicators.In this review,we introduce a safety-leveloriented framework to evaluate material and device strategies for health monitoring,spanning the continuum from noninvasive wearables to deeply embedded implants.Physiological signals are systematically classified by use case,and application-specific requirements such as stability,comfort,and long-term compatibility are highlighted as critical factors guiding the selection of polymers,interfacial designs,and device architectures.Special emphasis is placed on mapping material types—including hydrogels,elastomers,and conductive composites—to their most suitable applications.Finally,we propose design principles for developing safe,functional,and adaptive polymer-based systems,aiming at reliable integration with the human body and enabling personalized,preventive healthcare.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172242,22109135,52371237)the Science&Technology Talents Lifting Project of Hunan Province(2023TJ-Z32)+2 种基金the Hunan Provincial Education Office Foundation of China(20B570,23B0126)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ30659,2022JJ40423)the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province(QL20230146).
文摘The polysulfide shuttle effect critically hinders lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery development,therefore,the design of heterogeneous interface engineering with“adsorption-catalysis”functions for polysulfide conversion has garnered considerable attention.However,the exploration of the intricate relationship between key electronic properties and catalytic activity at such interfaces remains a challenge.Additionally,a comprehensive understanding of the thermodynamic growth mechanisms for heterostructure materials is lacking.Herein,a Ni-based homologous structure was precisely constructed via thermodynamic control,with a specific focus on optimizing the interface design.The theoretical results show that the heterostructures with adjustable composition realize the appropriate upward shift to the D-band,improving the affinity towards polysulfide,and further reducing the reaction energy barrier.On this basis,the relationship between interface design and the D-band center,as well as catalytic performance,was established.Specifically,M-Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(3)ZnC_(0.7)accomplishes the electron enrichment at the interface,supporting the further diffusion of polysulfides,and lowering the Li-S bond energy,performing the bidirectional catalytic transformation of polysulfides.As a result,the Li-S batteries with the cathode of M-Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(3)ZnC_(0.7)/S deliver rate performances of discharge capacity of 514 mA h g^(−1)at 5.0 C.This understanding of the D-band and interfacial design provides a framework for Li-S catalyst optimization.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52202210)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2024JJ5024)。
文摘P2-type layered oxides are promising cathodes for sodium-ion batteries,yet their practical application is hindered by structural instability and parasitic interfacial reactions.Conventional surface coatings face a fundamental trade-off,where protective layers inevitably introduce additional Na^(+)transport paths and barriers.Here,we overcome this limitation by designing a multifunctional Nd-rich nano-island heterostructure on the P2-type cathode surface.Driven by a large lattice mismatch,this noncontinuous architecture creates a thermodynamically stable interface where chemically rooted,electronically conductive nano-islands enhance charge transfer,while inter-island channels maintain open pathways for rapid Na^(+)diffusion.Theoretical calculations reveal that the heterostructure improves surface conductivity and anchors lattice oxygen via strong Nd-O bonds.Experimentally,in situ XRD confirms the mitigation of the detrimental P2-O2 phase transition by a buffering Z-phase and the recovery of lattice parameters upon discharge,while depth-resolved ToF-SIMS validates the formation of a thin,compact,and inorganic-rich cathode-electrolyte interphase that reduces interfacial side reactions.Consequently,the engineered cathode demonstrates exceptional rate performance(90 mA h g^(-1)at 20 C),outstanding cycling stability(85.8%retention over 200 cycles),and demonstrated potential in practical pouch cell configurations.
基金support provided by the Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)(Ref no:FRGS/1/2020/TK0/XMU/02/1)This work is also funded by Xiamen University Malaysia Investigatorship Grant(Grant no:IENG/0038)+1 种基金Xiamen University Malaysia Research Fund(XMUMRF/2021-C8/IENG/0041 and XMUMRF/2019-C3/IENG/0013)Hengyuan International Sdn.Bhd.(Grant no:EENG/0003).
文摘CO_(2)capture and conversion has been prospected as an auspicious technology to simultaneously tackle the rise in global CO_(2)emission and produce valueadded fuels with the goal of accomplishing carbon neutrality.A sustainable route to achieve this is via the utilization of solar energy,thereby harnessing the abundant and nonexhaustive resource to shift our reliance away from rapidly depleting fossil fuels.Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))and its allotrope have earned its rank as a fascinating metal-free photocatalyst due to its superior stability,high surface-area-to-volume ratio,and tunable surface engineering.By leveraging these properties,robust carbon nitride-based nanostructures are engineered for photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion to energy-rich C_(1)-C_(2) product,which is indispensable in the chemical industry.Thus,this review presents the latest panorama of experimental and computational research on tuning the local electronic,surface chemical coordination environment,charge dynamics and optical properties of low-dimensional carbon nitride and its allotropes toward highly selective and efficient CO_(2)photoconversion.To name a few,structural engineering,point-defect engineering,heterojunction construction,and cocatalyst loading.To advance this frontier,critical insights are elucidated to establish the structure-performance relationship and unravel primary factors dictating the selectivity of C_(1)-C_(2) molecules from CO_(2)reduction.External-field assisted photocatalysis such as with electric(photoelectro-)and heat(photothermal)is discussed to uncover the synergistic contributions that drive the development in photochemistry.Last,future challenges and prospects are outlined for the potential application of solar-driven CO_(2)conversion,along with the scale-up strategy from the economic viewpoint toward the rational development of high-efficiency carbon nitride catalysts.
