Molecular recognition of bioreceptors and enzymes relies on orthogonal interactions with small molecules within their cavity. To date, Chinese scientists have developed three types of strategies for introducing active...Molecular recognition of bioreceptors and enzymes relies on orthogonal interactions with small molecules within their cavity. To date, Chinese scientists have developed three types of strategies for introducing active sites inside the cavity of macrocyclic arenes to better mimic molecular recognition of bioreceptors and enzymes.The editorial aims to enlighten scientists in this field when they develop novel macrocycles for molecular recognition, supramolecular assembly, and applications.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to investigate the optimal conditions of SRAP molecular marker used in the analysis on Fagopyrum tataricum（L.）Gaertn.[Method]SRAP-PCR amplification system on Fagopyrum tataricum was optimized...[Objective] The aim was to investigate the optimal conditions of SRAP molecular marker used in the analysis on Fagopyrum tataricum（L.）Gaertn.[Method]SRAP-PCR amplification system on Fagopyrum tataricum was optimized by interactive orthogonal design L27（313）in 5 elements（Mg2＋,dNTP,Taq DNA polymerase,template DNA and primer）at 3 levels.And the non-denaturing and denaturing PAGE detection methods were compared.The comparative test of DYCZ-24F and DYCZ-20C electrophoresis operating systems was carried out.[Result]The effects of four single-factor（Mg2＋,dNTP,Taq DNA polymerase and primer）and two interactions（Mg2＋×dNTP,Mg2＋×Taq DNA polymerase）on tartary buckwheat SRAP-PCR were significant.An optimal reaction system was established containing 1.5 mmol/L Mg2＋,0.2 mmol/L dNTP,1.5 u Taq DNA polymerase,40 ng DNA,0.25 μmol/L primer and 2 μl 10×buffer.Seven samples of tartary buckwheat were amplified using this system,and electrophoresis results showed clear bands,high level of polymorphism and good reproducibility.The PCR products were tested by denaturing and non-denaturing PAGE,and the results showed that the non-denaturing PAGE,DYCZ-24F operating system was more suitable for SRAP analysis.[Conclusion]This study established a foundation for the construction of SRAP genetic map of tartary buckwheat.展开更多
The interannual atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interaction （AOSI） in high northern latitudes is studied with a global atmosphere-ocean-sea ice coupled model system, in which the model components of atmosphere and land sur...The interannual atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interaction （AOSI） in high northern latitudes is studied with a global atmosphere-ocean-sea ice coupled model system, in which the model components of atmosphere and land surface are from China National Climate Center and that of ocean and sea ice are from LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A daily flux anomaly correction scheme is employed to couple the atmosphere model and the ocean model with the effect of inhomogenity of sea ice in high latitudes is considered. The coupled model system has been run for 50 yr and the results of the last 30 years are analyzed. After the sea level pressure （SLP）, surface air temperature （SAT）, sea surface temperature （SST）, sea ice concentration （SIC）, and sea surface sensible heat flux （SHF） are filtered with a digital filter firstly, their normalized anomalies are used to perform the decomposition of combined complex empirical orthogonal function （CCEOF） and then they are reconstructed with the leading mode. The atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interactions in high northern latitudes during a periodical cycle （approximately 4 yr） are analyzed. It is shown that： （1） When the North Atlantic Oscillation （NAO） is in its positive phase, the southerly anomaly appears in the Greenland Sea, SAT increases, the sea loses less SHF, SST increases and SIC decreases accordingly; when the NAO is in its negative phase, the northerly anomaly appears in the Greenland Sea, SAT decreases, the sea loses more SHF, SST decreases and SIC increases accordingly. There are similar features in the Barents Sea, but the phase of evolution in the Barents Sea is different from that in the Greenland Sea. （2） For an average of multi-years, there is a cold center in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean near the North Pole. When there is an anomaly of low pressure, which is closer to the Pacific Ocean, in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean, anomalies of warm advection appear in the region near the Pacific Ocean and anomalies of cold advection appear in the region near the Atlantic Ocean. Accompanying with these anomalies of warm and cold advection in these two regions~ warm and cold anomalies appear respectively. Accordingly, SHF sent to the atmosphere from the sea surface decreases and increases, and SST increases and decreases~ SIC decreases and increases in these two regions. When there is an anomaly of high pressure in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean, the former relationships reverse. From these results~ it can be deduced that, during the interannual cycle of the coupled atmosphere-ocean system, the variability of large-scale atmospheric circulation plays a dominant role and variations of SST and SIC are mainly responding to that of atmospheric circulation.展开更多
The hierarchical self-assembly(HSA) strategy widely utilized in biological systems has been applied in artificial systems to orchestrate small building blocks into complex functional architectures. The non-interfering...The hierarchical self-assembly(HSA) strategy widely utilized in biological systems has been applied in artificial systems to orchestrate small building blocks into complex functional architectures. The non-interfering interactions glue various building blocks together and produce new species with attractive properties. Herein, we functionalized NHC-based assemblies with orthogonal host–vip interaction to fabricate metal-carbene based supramolecular polymer gel. A series of unique crown etherappended cylinder-like trinuclear AuIhexacarbene assemblies [Au_(3)(L)_(2)](PF_(6))_(3)(L=D1–D4, A1–A4) were synthesized from the corresponding trisimidazolium salts H_(3)-L(PF_(6))_(3)(L=D1–D4, A1–A4) in which the N-wingtip of the imidazole moieties were substituted with three identical crown ether groups of different sizes(B15C5, B18C6, B21C7, DB24C8). The gold carbene assembly is able to complex six ammonium salts without disrupting the underlying metal-carbene cylinders. In addition, the supramolecular polymer metallogel featuring a multiple-responsiveness can be formed by using [Au_(3)(A_(4))_(2)](PF_(6))_(3) appended with DB24C8 as the core and bisammonium salt as the cross-linker. The case of introducing orthogonal interaction to NHC moiety by N-wingtip substitution demonstrates the feasibility and the power of such strategy to expand the NHC-based supramolecular system and endow them with novel properties.展开更多
文摘Molecular recognition of bioreceptors and enzymes relies on orthogonal interactions with small molecules within their cavity. To date, Chinese scientists have developed three types of strategies for introducing active sites inside the cavity of macrocyclic arenes to better mimic molecular recognition of bioreceptors and enzymes.The editorial aims to enlighten scientists in this field when they develop novel macrocycles for molecular recognition, supramolecular assembly, and applications.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30771310)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to investigate the optimal conditions of SRAP molecular marker used in the analysis on Fagopyrum tataricum（L.）Gaertn.[Method]SRAP-PCR amplification system on Fagopyrum tataricum was optimized by interactive orthogonal design L27（313）in 5 elements（Mg2＋,dNTP,Taq DNA polymerase,template DNA and primer）at 3 levels.And the non-denaturing and denaturing PAGE detection methods were compared.The comparative test of DYCZ-24F and DYCZ-20C electrophoresis operating systems was carried out.[Result]The effects of four single-factor（Mg2＋,dNTP,Taq DNA polymerase and primer）and two interactions（Mg2＋×dNTP,Mg2＋×Taq DNA polymerase）on tartary buckwheat SRAP-PCR were significant.An optimal reaction system was established containing 1.5 mmol/L Mg2＋,0.2 mmol/L dNTP,1.5 u Taq DNA polymerase,40 ng DNA,0.25 μmol/L primer and 2 μl 10×buffer.Seven samples of tartary buckwheat were amplified using this system,and electrophoresis results showed clear bands,high level of polymorphism and good reproducibility.The PCR products were tested by denaturing and non-denaturing PAGE,and the results showed that the non-denaturing PAGE,DYCZ-24F operating system was more suitable for SRAP analysis.[Conclusion]This study established a foundation for the construction of SRAP genetic map of tartary buckwheat.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.40675065the National Basic Research Priorities Program of China under Grant No.2005CB32170X.
文摘The interannual atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interaction （AOSI） in high northern latitudes is studied with a global atmosphere-ocean-sea ice coupled model system, in which the model components of atmosphere and land surface are from China National Climate Center and that of ocean and sea ice are from LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A daily flux anomaly correction scheme is employed to couple the atmosphere model and the ocean model with the effect of inhomogenity of sea ice in high latitudes is considered. The coupled model system has been run for 50 yr and the results of the last 30 years are analyzed. After the sea level pressure （SLP）, surface air temperature （SAT）, sea surface temperature （SST）, sea ice concentration （SIC）, and sea surface sensible heat flux （SHF） are filtered with a digital filter firstly, their normalized anomalies are used to perform the decomposition of combined complex empirical orthogonal function （CCEOF） and then they are reconstructed with the leading mode. The atmosphere-ocean-sea ice interactions in high northern latitudes during a periodical cycle （approximately 4 yr） are analyzed. It is shown that： （1） When the North Atlantic Oscillation （NAO） is in its positive phase, the southerly anomaly appears in the Greenland Sea, SAT increases, the sea loses less SHF, SST increases and SIC decreases accordingly; when the NAO is in its negative phase, the northerly anomaly appears in the Greenland Sea, SAT decreases, the sea loses more SHF, SST decreases and SIC increases accordingly. There are similar features in the Barents Sea, but the phase of evolution in the Barents Sea is different from that in the Greenland Sea. （2） For an average of multi-years, there is a cold center in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean near the North Pole. When there is an anomaly of low pressure, which is closer to the Pacific Ocean, in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean, anomalies of warm advection appear in the region near the Pacific Ocean and anomalies of cold advection appear in the region near the Atlantic Ocean. Accompanying with these anomalies of warm and cold advection in these two regions~ warm and cold anomalies appear respectively. Accordingly, SHF sent to the atmosphere from the sea surface decreases and increases, and SST increases and decreases~ SIC decreases and increases in these two regions. When there is an anomaly of high pressure in the inner part of the Arctic Ocean, the former relationships reverse. From these results~ it can be deduced that, during the interannual cycle of the coupled atmosphere-ocean system, the variability of large-scale atmospheric circulation plays a dominant role and variations of SST and SIC are mainly responding to that of atmospheric circulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (22025107)the National Youth Top-notch Talent Support Program of China+1 种基金the Key Science and Technology Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province (2019TD-007,2019JLZ-02)the FM&EM International Joint Laboratory of Northwest University。
文摘The hierarchical self-assembly(HSA) strategy widely utilized in biological systems has been applied in artificial systems to orchestrate small building blocks into complex functional architectures. The non-interfering interactions glue various building blocks together and produce new species with attractive properties. Herein, we functionalized NHC-based assemblies with orthogonal host–vip interaction to fabricate metal-carbene based supramolecular polymer gel. A series of unique crown etherappended cylinder-like trinuclear AuIhexacarbene assemblies [Au_(3)(L)_(2)](PF_(6))_(3)(L=D1–D4, A1–A4) were synthesized from the corresponding trisimidazolium salts H_(3)-L(PF_(6))_(3)(L=D1–D4, A1–A4) in which the N-wingtip of the imidazole moieties were substituted with three identical crown ether groups of different sizes(B15C5, B18C6, B21C7, DB24C8). The gold carbene assembly is able to complex six ammonium salts without disrupting the underlying metal-carbene cylinders. In addition, the supramolecular polymer metallogel featuring a multiple-responsiveness can be formed by using [Au_(3)(A_(4))_(2)](PF_(6))_(3) appended with DB24C8 as the core and bisammonium salt as the cross-linker. The case of introducing orthogonal interaction to NHC moiety by N-wingtip substitution demonstrates the feasibility and the power of such strategy to expand the NHC-based supramolecular system and endow them with novel properties.
